CN106282820B - A kind of high-speed steel roll manufacture method of graphitiferous - Google Patents

A kind of high-speed steel roll manufacture method of graphitiferous Download PDF

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CN106282820B
CN106282820B CN201610684983.4A CN201610684983A CN106282820B CN 106282820 B CN106282820 B CN 106282820B CN 201610684983 A CN201610684983 A CN 201610684983A CN 106282820 B CN106282820 B CN 106282820B
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molten metal
liquid
temperature
graphite
outer layer
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CN106282820A (en
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周守行
陆怡
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SANXIN HEAVY INDUSTRY MACHINERY Co Ltd
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SANXIN HEAVY INDUSTRY MACHINERY Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/02—Shape or construction of rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high-speed steel roll manufacture method of graphitiferous, belong to machine casting technical field.The present invention introduces B, N chemical element in conventional high rate steel constituent, and Dispersed precipitate the MC types and/or M of area percent of total 20 35% in working lining matrix2High hard alloy carbide, nitride, boride of c-type, point-like and/or bulk；And pass through first carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, this two step of the rotten inoculation of graphite again, the indigenous graphite in basic stitch, so that high-speed steel roll is in addition to the advantages of distinctive high temperature of conventional high rate steel is wear-resistant is remained, also solve the problem of former conventional high rate steel roll coefficient of friction is big simultaneously, the anti-wear performance of high-speed steel is given full play to, plays the lubrication between roll and workpiece in rolling, prevents the generation of steel bonding phenomenon；And heat conductivility, the lubrication property of graphite, the drawbacks of high-speed steel roll is to thermal shock, hot tearing sensitiveness, easy steel bonding, easy surface texturing can be improved, especially in product frame in use, stocking surface-brightening degree significantly improves.

Description

A kind of high-speed steel roll manufacture method of graphitiferous
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-speed steel roll manufacture method of graphitiferous, belong to machine casting technical field.
Background technology
The alloy content of the outer layer (working lining) of existing conventional high rate steel roll is usually C 1.5-2.5, Si 0.2- 0.8th, Mn0.4-0.8, P≤0.05, S≤0.02, Cr 4-6, Ni 0.6-1.5, Mo 3-5, W 0-3, the metallographic structure of the outer layer In do not contain graphite, and these alloying elements mainly exist in roll tissue with carbide form, and the ratio of carbide is then Generally between 10-20%.Granular alloy carbide ratio is relatively low, and matrix occupied area ratio is relatively bigger than normal.Cause And roll is in use, particularly for finish rolling finished frame, in the case that rolling temperature is relatively low, mill speed is higher, The stocking and be entrained under the rubbing action of oxide skin scale on stocking surface that roller substrate passes through in low temperature, at a high speed, matrix is excellent First it is worn and high hard carbon compound fulcrum is exposed to roller surface, is in particular in that roll (pass) skin-friction coefficient increases Greatly, brightness declines (texturing phenomenon occur), occurs the steel bonding of pass surface when serious, influences stocking surface quality.Cause at a high speed The distinctive abrasion resistance of steel, keep roll shape ability effectively to play, cause roll change in advance.
In addition, existing conventional high rate steel roll, for preparing the garden that stocking specification is bigger than normal, surface quality requirements are higher During rod finished frame, because pass is partially deep, linear velocity existing for roll pass internal groove bottom and ledge different radii direction Difference, the stocking of same section is caused to slide (rheology) with respect to solid-state, huge solid-state is slid to filing power caused by roll pass surface, Cause occur strain-slip folding texture between roll pass bottom and side wall, and bottom land abrasion aggravation, influence stocking precision and surface matter Amount, it is impossible to make the due antiwear characteristic of high-speed steel be not fully exerted, cause roll change in advance.
The content of the invention
Present invention firstly provides a kind of high-speed steel roll of graphitiferous.
Contain a certain amount of graphite in the tissue of the working lining of the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous, and area percentage is total Measure is 20-35% MC types and/or high hard alloy carbide, nitride and the boride of M2C types as fulcrum.
Specifically, the chemical composition of the working lining of the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous includes as mass fraction：C 2.0-3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, P≤0.05%, S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5- 3.5%th, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, W 0-10%, B 0-0.5%, N 60-500PPM；And working lining contains equivalent ball Footpath is at 20-50 μm, point, globular graphite of the area percentage in 0.5-1.5%；Meanwhile Dispersed precipitate in working lining matrix Area percent of total 20-35% MC types and/or M2C-type, point-like and/or bulk high hard alloy carbide, nitride, Boride.
The roll shaft part of the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous uses C2.5-3.5% high-strength ductile cast iron material, obtains To the graphitiferous high-speed steel roll of centrifugally compounded nodular graphite cast iron core.
In one embodiment of the invention, the chemical composition of working lining includes as mass fraction：C 2.0- 3.0%th, Si0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5- 3.5%th, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500PPM.
In one embodiment of the invention, one layer of centre is also included between cladding material internal layer and roll shaft material Layer.Carbon containing C1.2-2.5 half steel can be used in kinds of interlayer.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for the high-speed steel roll for manufacturing the graphitiferous, is to cast to make by dynamic centrifugal Standby outer layer barrel, intermediate layer, and in the static box body combinations with up-down rollers neck portion, high-temperature solid is in outer layer barrel Under, the core metal liquid of high-temperature liquid state is poured into, so that interior exterior materials realize that centrifugal composite casting is molded.
It is described that outer layer barrel is prepared by dynamic centrifugal casting, it is during outer layer metal liquid is come out of the stove, goes bad and separate out Carbon, nitrogen, the boride of alloy, to reduce the alloy content in liquid metal；Graphite is carried out again and breeds Metamorphism treatment, in high-speed steel A certain amount of graphite is formed in the matrix of outer layer barrel.
It is described that outer layer barrel is prepared by dynamic centrifugal casting, it is the first addition during outer layer metal liquid is come out of the stove Grain alterant promotes the alloying elements such as liquid Cr, Mo, V, W to form small, disperse high-melting-point carbonization in the form of high-temperature solid Thing, nitride, boride suspended particulate simultaneously separate out, then add particle alterant on this basis, make dissolved state in molten metal Residual carbon, in subsequent casting solidification stage part with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
It is described by dynamic centrifugal casting prepare outer layer barrel include furnace charge prepare, smelt, carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride become Matter processing, graphite go bad inoculation, play bag cast, and the high speed steel cylinder of graphitiferous solidifies and Graphite Precipitation.
The core metal liquid for pouring into high-temperature liquid state, be by the outer layer barrel with intermediate layer and cylinder casting mold with advance The lower roll neck casing for preparing, upper roll neck casing, feed trumpet etc. carry out a group case；Then pour into and prepare spheroidal graphite cast-iron molten metal； Control spheroidal graphite iron metal liquid pours into temperature, should meet >=metallic intermediate layer liquid overheats 10~50 degree on liquidus temperature, That is TIn L+ (10~50) DEG C, while should meet >=core metal liquid has 50~100 degrees of superheat, i.e. T on liquidus temperatureL cores+(50 ~100) DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the molten metal for casting outer layer barrel is formed by mass fraction：C 2.0- 3.0%th, Si0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5- 3.5%th, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500PPM, furnace charge preparation is carried out.
In one embodiment of the invention, molten metal is smelted using intermediate frequency furnace, and control stokehold si content=into Product si content -0.35%；Control stokehold V content=finished product V content -0.25%；The tapping temperature T of outer sphere molten metalGo out=outer layer Liquidus temperature (the T of molten metalOutside L)+(240~300) DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, come out of the stove carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment comprises the following steps：With coming out of the stove Metal stream, the vanadium alloy particle alterant containing vanadium 50~80% that granularity is 0.2-1mm is poured, carry out carbon, nitrogen, boride and become Matter processing；Vanadium alloy pours quality=outer sphere molten metal and come out of the stove quality WOutside× 0.25%/(the actual mass fraction containing vanadium of vanadium alloy- Original stove includes vanadium mass fraction)/vanadium alloy absorptivity %；During Metamorphism treatment, it is sufficiently stirred, vanadium alloy particle is gone bad Agent is fully dissolved, and is catalyzed by the composition fluctuations principle of alloy liquid droplet, promote the alloying elements such as liquid Cr, Mo, V, W with The form of high-temperature solid forms small, disperse high-melting-point carbide, nitride, boride suspended particulate from high-temperature liquid metal Separate out.
In one embodiment of the invention, the rotten inoculation of graphite comprises the following steps：When outer layer metal liquid temperature Degree=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(120~150) DEG C, molten metal surface residual debris is removed, is added on molten metal surface Enter the silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle for the siliceous 75-80% that granularity is 0.5-1.5mm, carry out the rotten inoculation of graphite； Silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle adds quality=outer sphere molten metal and come out of the stove quality WOutside× 0.35%/silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle is real The absorptivity % of the siliceous mass fraction in border/silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle；It is sufficiently stirred, makes silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle Among fully dissolving is suspended in molten metal with fine droplets, and urged by the composition fluctuations principle of alloy fine droplet Change, make with the residual carbon of dissolved state in molten metal, in the subsequent casting solidification stage with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
In one embodiment of the invention, bag cast is played to mainly include the following steps that：Control pouring temperature=outer layer Molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(90~120) DEG C；Molten metal surface residual debris is removed, 1mm or so is sprinkled on molten metal surface Thickness dewatering borax or fluorite auxiliary slugging make refractory oxide impurity dilute, and with molten metal isolation of purified；By metal Liquid is poured into the centrifugal casting mould in rotating at a high speed by depositing funnel, through horizontal chute, then in the cylindrical metallic liquid being rotating Inner surface spills into 3-4mm heavy sheet glass covering slags, plays inner surface insulation, anti-oxidation effect.
In one embodiment of the invention, the high speed steel cylinder solidification of graphitiferous and Graphite Precipitation, it is monitoring centrifugation Cylindrical metallic liquid internal surface temperature in casting mold, molten metal temperature is in liquidus curve TOutside LWith solidus TOutside SBetween, it is being suspended in molten metal Among atomic small liquid modified alloy composition fluctuations catalytic action under, with the residual carbon of dissolved state, part in molten metal Separated out in the form of tiny dots globular graphite from liquid metal；Solidify the solidus temperature T of end temp=outer sphere molten metalOutside S- (80~200) DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, the cast in intermediate layer：When the outer layer metal cylinder lumen temperature of high speed rotation Degree, reaches its solidus temperature TOutside SDuring-(80~200) DEG C, the kinds of interlayer molten metal prepared is poured into, controls intermediate layer Molten metal pours into temperature >=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature TOutside L+ (120~150) DEG C, while >=intermediate layer material should be met Liquidus temperature TIn L+ (50~200) DEG C.Pour into the metallic intermediate layer liquid of inner chamber, washed away by outer layer to having solidified dynamic and Under corrosion, outer layer corrosion 10-20mm will be solidified, and good metallurgical binding, a small amount of outer layer alloys are formed with outer layer Into intermediate layer, the layer material is played buffering outer layer alloys, while there is the transition zone of good obdurability.
The present invention compared with prior art, there is some following remarkable advantage：
(1) present invention introduces B, N chemical element in conventional high rate steel constituent, in former high-speed steel antifriction alloy fulcrum class Type forms the compound type formed with carbide, nitride and boride by the past single carbide fulcrum.What is obtained rolls Roller group is knitted, and possesses the high abrasion characteristic of carbide, boride, has been provided simultaneously with the anti-accident characteristic of nitride, has been improved roll The synthesis performance of tissue.In addition, Dispersed precipitate area percent of total 20-35% MC types in working lining matrix And/or M2High hard alloy carbide, nitride, boride of c-type, point-like and/or bulk, content is high, species is more, can slow down Simple carbide projection caused by matrix shifts to an earlier date inordinate wear causes coefficient of friction to improve problem, and reduces the thick of roll surface texturing Rugosity rank, so as to give full play to the intrinsic antiwear characteristic of high-speed steel, play and extend high-speed steel roll line duration, improve stocking The beneficial effect of surface quality.
(2) density of graphite is much smaller than the density of molten metal, can not be allowed to by way of directly adding and metal liquid Uniformly mixing.The present invention is by this two step of the rotten inoculation of first carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, then graphite, in basic stitch Indigenous graphite, so that high-speed steel roll is in addition to the advantages of distinctive high temperature of conventional high rate steel is wear-resistant is remained, while also solve The problem of former conventional high rate steel roll coefficient of friction of having determined is big, gives full play to the anti-wear performance of high-speed steel, plays and rolled in rolling Lubrication between roller and workpiece, prevent the generation of steel bonding phenomenon；And heat conductivility, the lubrication property of graphite, it can improve The drawbacks of high-speed steel roll is to thermal shock, hot tearing sensitiveness, easy steel bonding, easy surface texturing, especially in product frame in use, stocking Surface-brightening degree significantly improves.
(3) high-speed steel roll of graphitiferous of the present invention uses outer cylinder body centrifugal casting, outer cylinder body and mandrel at twice The composite manufacturing method of cast, hence in so that its mandrel material possesses alternative, high-speed steel high-performance and the warp of graphitiferous Ji property obtains unification.
(4) present invention can also set one layer of intermediate layer between cladding material and roll shaft material so that outer layer cylinder On the basis of body high abrasion, overall obdurability is improved.Because intermediate layer is to be filled into outer layer half in the case where liquid centrifuges dynamic to coagulate Solid cylinder in so that combination interface quality be easier control；Due to the cushioning effect of the transition zone, make mandrel material with When liquid fills out core method, outer layer alloys avoid transition and spread to center portion, too high caused crisp so as to avoid the alloy of mandrel Property increase, avoid roll breakage accident during the manufacture and use of centrifugal compound roll and occur.
In summary, the high-speed steel roll of graphitiferous of the invention, there is mill bar quality height, long lifespan, wear-resisting, anti-thing Therefore, relative cost is low, the overall characteristic that can have a wide range of application, can be widely used for Ferrous Metallurgy steel rolling field, it is desirable to wearability is good, Mill bar quality requires high shaped steel, strip, bar and wire rod rolling process field, suitable for roughing, roll, finishing stand, more particularly to Field of steel metallurgy requires the high-speed steel roll field of the high finished frame graphitiferous of stocking surface quality, has the wide of industry General value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, graphitiferous high-speed steel roll polishing condition under graphite structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2, graphitiferous high-speed steel roll polishing etch state undertissue schematic diagram.
Fig. 3, graphitiferous high-speed steel centrifugal compound roll structural representation, 1：Outer layer, 2：Intermediate layer, 3：The body of roll, 4：Roller Neck.
The compound cylinder cast schematic diagram of Fig. 4, the high-speed steel outer layer of graphitiferous.
Fig. 5, the high-speed steel spheroidal graphite cast-iron core of graphitiferous fill out core centrifugal compound and fill out core cast schematic diagram.
Embodiment
A kind of outer layer barrel (working lining) manufacture method of the centrifugation high-speed steel roll of 1 graphitiferous of embodiment
1) outer layer chemical composition is by mass fraction composition (%)：C 2.0-3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2- 1.0%th, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5-3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500PPM, carry out furnace charge preparation；
2) smelted using intermediate frequency furnace；
3) stokehold si content=finished product si content -0.35% is controlled；Control stokehold V content=finished product V content -0.25%；
4) liquid, the solidus temperature (T of metal fever analysis-e/or determining outer sphere molten metal are usedL、TS)；
5) tapping temperature T is controlledGo outLiquidus temperature (the T of=outer sphere molten metalOutside L)+(240~300) DEG C；
6) come out of the stove carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment：
Process of coming out of the stove pours vanadium alloy (containing V50~80%) particle alterant that granularity is 0.2-1mm with metal stream, Carry out carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment；The vanadium alloy amount of pouring=outer sphere molten metal is come out of the stove quality WOutside× 0.25%/(vanadium alloy is real Border amount containing V%-original stove includes V% amounts)/V alloy absorptivity %；
During Metamorphism treatment, it is sufficiently stirred, vanadium alloy particle alterant is fully dissolved, and by the dense of alloy liquid droplet Degree fluctuating principle is catalyzed, and promotes the alloying elements such as liquid Cr, Mo, V, W to be formed in the form of high-temperature solid small, disperse High-melting-point carbide, nitride, boride suspended particulate separate out from high-temperature liquid metal, while cause in dissolved state Cr, Mo, V, W alloy concentration of element are reduced, so as to be laid the first stone for high-speed steel next step graphitization.
7) the rotten inoculation of graphite：
Control outer sphere molten metal temperature=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(120~150) DEG C, remove molten metal Surface residual debris, the silicon zirconium aluminium (SiZrAl wherein Si 75-80%) that granularity is 0.5-1.5mm is added on molten metal surface and is bred Alloying pellet, carry out the rotten inoculation of graphite；Silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle loads=outer sphere molten metal is come out of the stove quality WOutsideActual amount containing the Si%/alloy Si of × 0.35%/SiZrAl alloys absorptivity %；
Be sufficiently stirred, silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle is fully dissolved with fine droplets be suspended in molten metal it In, and be catalyzed, made in molten metal with the residual carbon of dissolved state by the composition fluctuations principle of alloy fine droplet, with The casting solidification stage afterwards is partly with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
8) bag cast is played：
Control pouring temperature=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(90~120) DEG C.
Molten metal surface residual debris is removed, the dewatering borax (Na of 1mm left and right thicknesses is sprinkled on molten metal surface2B4O7) or firefly Stone (CaF2) auxiliary slugging make refractory oxide impurity dilute, and with molten metal isolation of purified；
Molten metal is poured into the centrifugal casting mould in rotating at a high speed by depositing funnel, through horizontal chute, then rotated The molten metal cylindrical internal surface spills into 3-4mm heavy sheet glass covering slags, plays inner surface insulation, anti-oxidation effect；
9) the high speed steel cylinder solidification of graphitiferous and Graphite Precipitation
Cylindrical metallic liquid internal surface temperature in centrifugal casting mould is monitored, molten metal temperature is in liquidus curve TOutside LWith solidus TOutside SIt Between, it is being suspended among molten metal under the composition fluctuations catalytic action of atomic small liquid modified alloy, with dissolving in molten metal The residual carbon of state, partly separated out in the form of tiny dots globular graphite from liquid metal；
Solidify the solidus temperature T of end temp=outer sphere molten metalOutside S- (80~200) DEG C, i.e. 80~200 DEG C of degree of supercooling When, outer layer barrel centrifugal casting terminates；
The high speed steel cylinder of graphitiferous, after the insulation of follow-up as cast condition, the demoulding, annealing, machining, quenching+tempering, you can Obtain containing equivalent spherical diameter at 20-50 μm, area percentage 0.5-1.5% point, globular graphite, while in matrix also MC, M that area percentage total amount is 20-35% containing Dispersed precipitate2C-type point, the carbonization of bulk (Cr, Mo, V, W) high hard alloy Thing, nitride, boride high-speed steel roll outer layer；
10) composite casting of metallic intermediate layer：
Step 9) is connect, when the outer layer metal cylinder lumen temperature of high speed rotation, reaches minus 80~200 mistake of its solidus temperature Cold degree (i.e. TOutside S- (80~200)) DEG C when, pour into the kinds of interlayer molten metal prepared, control metallic intermediate layer liquid pours into Temperature >=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature 120~150 spends temperature (i.e. TOutside L+ 120~150)) DEG C, while should meet >=in Interlayer material liquidus temperature 50~200 spends temperature (i.e. TIn L+ 50~200) DEG C.The metallic intermediate layer liquid of inner chamber is poured into, is led to Cross to solidified outer layer dynamic wash away and corrosion under, outer layer corrosion 10-20mm will have been solidified, and formed well with outer layer Metallurgical binding, a small amount of outer layer alloys enter intermediate layer, the layer material is played buffering outer layer alloys, while have good strong The transition zone of toughness.
Kinds of interlayer uses carbon containing C1.2-2.5% half steel.
80-120 DEG C is subcooled below metallic intermediate layer solidification end temp=metallic intermediate layer solidus temperature, i.e. TIn S- When (80~200) DEG C, there is the high speed steel cylinder centrifugation of the graphitiferous in intermediate layer to prepare and complete；
There is the high speed steel cylinder of the graphitiferous in intermediate layer, be incubated, be stripped through follow-up as cast condition, annealing, being machined, quenching+ After tempering, you can obtain outer layer and contain equivalent spherical diameter at 20-50 μm, point, globular graphite of the area percentage in 0.5-1.5%； Simultaneously also MC, M that area percentage total amount is 20-35% in matrix containing Dispersed precipitate2C-type point, bulk (Cr, Mo, V, W) high hard alloy carbide, nitride, the high speed steel cylinder of boride.
A kind of high-speed steel centrifugal ductile cast iron mandrel composite roll manufacture method of 2 graphitiferous of embodiment
10) the step of above-described embodiment 1 is connect, when intermediate layer metal freezing end temp=metallic intermediate layer liquid is in solidus At a temperature of be subcooled 80~200 DEG C, i.e. TIn SDuring-(80~200) DEG C, centrifuge stalling；By outer layer barrel and cylinder with intermediate layer Body casting mold and lower roll neck casing well prepared in advance, upper roll neck casing, feed trumpet etc. carry out a group case；Then containing of preparing is poured into Carbon C2.5-3.5% high-strength ductile cast iron molten metal；Control spheroidal graphite iron metal liquid pours into temperature, should meet >=middle Layer molten metal overheats 10~50 degree, i.e. T on liquidus temperatureIn L+ (10~50) DEG C, while should meet >=center portion material is in liquid There are 50~100 degrees of superheat, i.e. T on liquidus temperatureL cores+ (50~100) DEG C.
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron mandrel molten metal poured into, under powerful convection current percussion, first have to the centre that will have been solidified Layer corrosion 5-20mm, ensure that the abundant metallurgical binding in center portion ductile cast iron material and intermediate layer, while enough overtemperatures, By means of the insulation effect of rising head, realize consecutive solidification, obtain central dense without combine layer defects graphitiferous high-speed steel from Bulbus cordis ink cast-iron core composite roll.
Fill out core metal liquid by nowel sand mold, through under middle part metal mold cylinder lumen, upper roll neck rising head sand mold upper surface 50~ 100mm, stop cast, then emit discharge surface and add heat preserving agent, fill out core and terminate.The high-speed steel centrifugally compounded nodular graphite cast iron of graphitiferous The cast of core roll terminates.
The high-speed steel centrifugal ductile cast-iron core composite roll of graphitiferous, add through the insulation of follow-up as cast condition, the demoulding, annealing, machinery After work, quenching+tempering, you can obtain outer layer and contain equivalent spherical diameter at 20-50 μm, point, ball of the area percentage in 0.5-1.5% Shape graphite；Simultaneously also MC, M that area percentage total amount is 20-35% in matrix containing Dispersed precipitate2C-type point, bulk (Cr, Mo, V, W) high hard alloy carbide, nitride, the high-speed steel roll of boride.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this skill The people of art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it can all do various change and modification, therefore the protection model of the present invention Enclose being defined of being defined by claims.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. manufacture method of the high-speed steel roll of graphitiferous, it is characterised in that the work of the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous Make the chemical composition of layer includes as mass fraction：C 2.0-3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, P≤ 0.05%th, S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5-3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, W 0-10%, B 0- 0.5%, N 60-500ppm；And working lining contains equivalent spherical diameter at 20-50 μm, point, ball of the area percentage in 0.5-1.5% Shape graphite；Meanwhile in working lining matrix Dispersed precipitate area percent of total 20-35% MC types and/or M2C types, The high hard alloy carbide of point-like and/or bulk, nitride, boride；The roll shaft part of the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous Using spheroidal graphite cast-iron；One layer of intermediate layer is also included between outer layer and roll shaft；
    The high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous is to prepare outer layer barrel, intermediate layer by dynamic centrifugal casting, and it is static with The box body combinations of up-down rollers neck portion, under being in high-temperature solid in outer layer barrel, intermediate layer, pour into the core metal of high-temperature liquid state Liquid, so as to realize that centrifugal composite casting is molded；
    Described the step of preparing outer layer barrel by dynamic centrifugal casting, prepares including furnace charge, smelts, carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, graphite go bad inoculation, play bag cast, cylinder solidification and Graphite Precipitation；
    The carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, it is during outer layer metal liquid is come out of the stove, addition particle alterant promotees Liquid Cr, Mo, V, W alloy element is set to form small, disperse high-melting-point carbide, nitride, boron in the form of high-temperature solid Compound suspended particulate simultaneously separates out；
    The rotten inoculation of the graphite is the addition particle alterant on the basis of carbon, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment, makes metal The residual carbon of dissolved state in liquid, graphite is formed with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots in the subsequent casting solidification stage.
  2. 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the molten metal for casting outer layer barrel is formed by mass fraction：C 2.0-3.0%, Si 0.8-2.5%, Mn 0.2-1.0%, 0 ＜ P≤0.05%, 0 ＜ S≤0.02%, Cr 3-10%, Ni 0.5-3.5%, Mo 2.5-6.0%, V 3-8%, 0 ＜ W≤10%, 0 ＜ B≤0.5%, N 60-500ppm, it is accurate to carry out furnace charge It is standby；Molten metal is smelted using intermediate frequency furnace, controls stokehold si content=finished product si content -0.35%；Control stokehold V content= Finished product V content -0.25%；The tapping temperature T of outer sphere molten metalGo outLiquidus temperature (the T of=outer sphere molten metalOutside L)+(240~ 300)℃。
  3. 3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that carbon of coming out of the stove, nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment include following step Suddenly：With metal stream of coming out of the stove, pour the vanadium alloy particle alterant containing vanadium 50~80% that granularity is 0.2-1mm, carry out carbon, Nitrogen, boride Metamorphism treatment；Vanadium alloy pour quality=outer sphere molten metal come out of the stove quality W it is outer × 0.25%/(vanadium alloy is actual to be contained Vanadium mass fraction-original stove includes vanadium mass fraction)/vanadium alloy absorptivity %；During Metamorphism treatment, it is sufficiently stirred, makes vanadium Alloying pellet alterant fully dissolves, and is catalyzed by the composition fluctuations principle of alloy liquid droplet, promotes liquid Cr, Mo, V, W Alloying element forms small, disperse high-melting-point carbide, nitride, boride suspended particulate from height in the form of high-temperature solid Separated out in warm molten metal.
  4. 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the rotten inoculation of graphite comprises the following steps：Work as outer layer Molten metal temperature=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(120~150) DEG C, molten metal surface residual debris is removed, in metal Liquid surface adds the silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle for the siliceous 75-80% that granularity is 0.5-1.5mm, carries out the rotten pregnant of graphite Educate processing；Silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle add quality=outer sphere molten metal come out of the stove quality W it is outer × 0.35%/silicon zirconium aluminium breeds conjunction The absorptivity % of the actual siliceous mass fraction/silicon zirconium aluminium inoculant alloy particle of gold grain；It is sufficiently stirred, breeds silicon zirconium aluminium Alloying pellet fully dissolves be suspended in molten metal with fine droplets among, it is and former by the composition fluctuations of alloy fine droplet Reason is catalyzed, and is made with the residual carbon of dissolved state in molten metal, in the subsequent casting solidification stage with the spherical precipitation of tiny dots.
  5. 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that play bag cast and mainly include the following steps that：Control cast temperature Degree=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature (TOutside L)+(90~120) DEG C；Molten metal surface residual debris is removed, is sprinkled on molten metal surface 1mm thickness dewatering borax or fluorite auxiliary slugging make refractory oxide impurity dilute, and with molten metal isolation of purified；By gold Category liquid is poured into the centrifugal casting mould in rotating at a high speed by depositing funnel, through horizontal chute, then in the cylindrical metallic being rotating Liquid inner surface spills into 3-4mm heavy sheet glass covering slags, plays inner surface insulation, anti-oxidation effect.
  6. 6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the intermediate layer：When the outer layer metal cylinder of high speed rotation Inner chamber temperature reaches its solidus temperature TOutside SDuring-(80~200) DEG C, the kinds of interlayer molten metal prepared is poured into, in control Interbed molten metal pours into temperature >=outer sphere molten metal liquidus temperature TOutside L+ (120~150) DEG C, while >=intermediate layer should be met Material liquid phase line temperature TIn L+ (50~200) DEG C；The metallic intermediate layer liquid of inner chamber is poured into, is rushed by the outer layer dynamic to having solidified Under brush and corrosion, outer layer corrosion 10-20mm will be solidified, and metallurgical binding is formed with outer layer.
  7. 7. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the core metal liquid for pouring into high-temperature liquid state, is by band The outer layer barrel and cylinder casting mold for having intermediate layer carry out group with lower roll neck casing well prepared in advance, upper roll neck casing, feed trumpet Case；Then pour into and prepare spheroidal graphite cast-iron molten metal；Control spheroidal graphite iron metal liquid pours into temperature, should meet >=intermediate layer gold Category liquid has the 10-50 DEG C of degree of superheat, i.e. T on liquidus temperatureIn L+ (10~50) DEG C, while should meet >=core metal liquid is in liquid There are the 50-100 DEG C of degree of superheat, i.e. T on liquidus temperatureL cores+ (50~100) DEG C.
  8. 8. the method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that outer layer barrel is being prepared by dynamic centrifugal casting During, the high speed steel cylinder solidification of graphitiferous and Graphite Precipitation, it is cylindrical metallic liquid internal surface temperature in monitoring centrifugal casting mould, Molten metal temperature is in liquidus curve TOutside LWith solidus TOutside SBetween, the atomic small liquid modified alloy among molten metal is suspended in Under composition fluctuations catalytic action, with the residual carbon of dissolved state in molten metal, partly from liquid in the form of tiny dots globular graphite Separated out in metal；Solidify the solidus temperature T of end temp=outer sphere molten metalOutside S- (80~200) DEG C.
  9. 9. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the roll shaft part of the high-speed steel roll of the graphitiferous uses C2.5-3.5% spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
  10. 10. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that kinds of interlayer is carbon containing C1.2-2.5% half steel.
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CN110484809B (en) * 2019-09-09 2020-07-07 广东省材料与加工研究所 Composite hammer head, preparation method thereof and composite hammer head casting model
CN111069557B (en) * 2019-12-24 2022-06-17 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 Centrifugal roller outer layer pouring system and manufacturing method thereof
CN112139471B (en) * 2020-09-24 2022-04-08 邢台鸿科高速钢轧辊有限公司 Casting box of roller for bar wire and medium-width strip steel rolling mill and using method
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CN103805902A (en) * 2014-03-11 2014-05-21 唐山联强冶金轧辊有限公司 Process for manufacturing centrifugally-cast easy-cutting high-speed steel roll
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