CN106281609A - 一种压缩机油组合物 - Google Patents
一种压缩机油组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种压缩机油组合物,包括添加剂和基础油,按质量百分比计,所述添加剂包括:抗氧剂0.5%~2%,极压抗磨剂0.2%~0.8%,防腐剂0.5%~2%,抗泡剂0.005~0.05%,余量为基础油,所述基础油按质量份数计,包括5%‑10%的改性聚醚,5%‑20%的饱和醇酯,余量为加氢矿物油。优选地,加氢矿物油为Ⅱ或Ⅲ类加氢精制矿物油。该压缩机油具好的高温氧化安定性、极压润滑性、抗泡、分水性能,有较强的耐酸、耐腐蚀环境性,好的清净分散性和抗油泥积炭的特性,适合染纺行业强酸、强腐蚀环境的使用需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种压缩机油组合物,具体涉及一种适用于染纺行业的压缩机油组合物。
背景技术
在染纺行业中,需使用大量漂白剂(即次氯酸) 进行布匹脱色。作为漂白剂的次氯酸虽然本身为弱酸,但是它易挥发,具有很强的氧化性,且极不稳定,遇光或热(40℃以下)即会分解出HCl(即盐酸)气体,氯气等强酸、强腐蚀性气体。压缩机运行中,将空气进行压缩,而空气中所含的次氯酸、盐酸、氯气等气体会进入压缩机油中,将压缩机油快速氧化、腐蚀,导致油品在极短时间内即变质、结胶而不能正常使用。矿物型压缩机油正常工作时间在四千小时以上,但是染纺业的压缩机油通常不到一千小时后即易严重结焦、积碳、油品粘度增大而需立即换油,且其形成的漆膜和积碳会使各运动部件呆滞。气缸、排气阀、曲轴轴承、连杆、十字头、滑板极易形成空蚀,导致腐蚀和磨损增大,造成压缩机工作失效,使用寿命大大降低。市面上通用的压缩机油不能耐强酸、强腐蚀物质,在染纺厂这种强酸、强腐蚀的工况环境中,普通矿物型压缩机油会迅速氧化变质,大大缩短了油品的正常使用周期,且压缩机亦容易被腐蚀和磨损,均需频率更换,且废油的处理造成较大的环境污染。
矿物压缩机油主要强调油品的热氧化安定性、抗积碳性等。如在申请号201310517412.8的中国专利申请文件中,其在以矿物油中,添加了抗氧剂,金属钝化剂,油性剂,抗泡剂等形成的空气压缩机油,有良好的抗氧性能、抗氧化安定性能、防锈性能、抗魔性能和抗积炭性能,减少了现有产品中的残炭和结胶现象,大大的增加了压缩机油的使用寿命,减少了压缩机油品过滤器的更换频率。然而由于这种压缩机油未显示出有优良的耐酸性能、防腐性能,因此其各种优良性能在酸性、强腐蚀环境中几乎不能发挥。
在申请号为201310261150.3的专利中,注重了油品的清净分散效果,加入了较多量的高碱值清净剂,如高碱值石油磺酸钙,高碱值合成磺酸钙,中碱值硫化烷基酚钙,高碱值硫化烷基酚钙和多种分散剂,获得了具有清洁分散性能强,能够将润滑油变质产物和原料气杂质分散和悬浮在油中的特性。该油品中用于染纺行业中时,高碱性清净分散剂可压缩空气中的强酸进行中和反应,一定的延长了使用寿命。但是中和后会形成CaO等一些固体颗粒,堵塞压缩机管道反而造成更大损坏,甚至有发生***的隐患。
合成型压缩机油有更优异的性能,更长的使用寿命。在申请号为201410548675.X的专利中,使用了惰性较强、氧化安定性极好的硅油作为基础油,且注意了腐蚀抑制剂的使用,包含甲基硅油85-93%;甲苯基硅油2-10%;油性剂1-10%;腐蚀抑制剂0.1-3%。在染纺行业中能得到较好的应用,延长油品及机器的使用寿命。但是硅油即使在合成油中亦属于较贵的基础油,比常用的合成烃及聚醚类价格更高,因此,在实际使用中,很少有厂家能承担其高昂的价格。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种压缩机油组合物,该压缩机油具好的高温氧化安定性、极压润滑性、抗泡、分水性能,有较强的耐酸、耐腐蚀环境性,好的清净分散性和抗油泥积炭的特性,适合染纺行业强酸、强腐蚀环境的使用需求。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种压缩机油组合物,包括添加剂和基础油,按质量百分比计,所述添加剂包括:抗氧剂0.5%~2%,极压抗磨剂0.2%~0.8%,防腐剂0.5%~2%,抗泡剂0.005~0.05%,余量为基础油,所述基础油按质量份数计,包括5%-10%的改性聚醚,5%-20%的饱和醇酯,余量为加氢矿物油。优选地,加氢矿物油为Ⅱ或Ⅲ类加氢精制矿物油。
优选地,所述添加剂还包括质量分数为0.01%~0.3%的金属钝化剂,质量分数为0.01%~0.1%的防锈剂,质量分数为0.01%~0.1%的破乳剂。
优选地,所述抗氧剂为屏蔽酚与烷基化二苯胺和/或亚磷酸酯的复配物,所述屏蔽酚与烷基化二苯胺和/或亚磷酸酯的重量比为1:0.2~7。
进一步优选地,烷基化二苯胺可选用且不限于:丁基二苯胺、二丁基二苯胺、辛基二苯胺、二辛基二苯胺、壬基二苯胺、苯基-α-萘胺等,其可选购为上海石化西尼尔化工科技有限公司ST-57,汽巴L57,英锐驰L751等,丹阳天宇的ADPA等。进一步优选地,亚磷酸酯可选用但不限于磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯,具有高耐热性及高分子量化的季戊四醇双磷酸酯。进一步优选地,前述屏蔽酚型抗氧剂可选用但不限于2,6-二叔丁基酚,2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚等,亦可采用上海石化西尼尔化工科技有限公司生产或兰炼生产生产的相应产品。
优选地,所述极压抗磨剂为不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯类抗磨剂,或不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯与质量百分比≤0.1%的含S、P、N的极压润滑剂的混合物,进一步优选地,所述含S、P、N的极压润滑剂指硫代硼酸酯,磷酸酯铵盐,硫代磷酸三苯酯,二硫化磷酸盐,或磷酸壬基胺盐混合物中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述防腐剂为含氮衍生物,且分子中既有弱碱基团也有弱酸基团。进一步优选地,所述防腐剂选自复合多元羧酸、咪唑啉衍生物、肌氨酸盐类的一种或多种。本发明中所选择的防腐剂即弱碱基团也有弱酸基团,因而可少量中和酸并抵抗酸的腐蚀,且均为含氮衍生物,与金属钝化剂共同作用,在金属表面形成鳌合物,对金属表面形成保护。
优选地,所述金属钝化剂为包括苯***衍生物的至少一种金属钝化剂。
优选地,所述防锈剂为包括十二烯基丁二酸或十二烯基丁二酯的至少一种防锈剂,所述破乳剂选自胺的四聚氧丙撑衍生物和/或聚醚类高分子化合物。
优选地,所述抗泡剂为硅氧烷复合物。
优选地,所述加氢矿物油为硫含量小于或等于0.03%,且饱和度大于或等于90%的Ⅱ类加氢基础油。
此外,本配方中改性聚醚本身具有较好的氧化安定性、极压性和防锈性,有水存在亦可表现出较好的润滑性能,其积炭和油泥控制能力、清净分散能力尤其出众,可以抑制氧化油泥的生成,使生成的油泥松散、分散;所使用的饱和醇酯除具有很好的热氧化安定性和润滑性能外,可以增加添加剂的感受性及油泥积炭的溶解性能,使油泥不易沉积。另外,Ⅴ类合成基础油的加入整体提高了润滑油品的粘度指数,使其在较高使用温度下仍保持适宜的粘度,提供足够的润滑、冷却作用。
本发明所称改性聚醚为端位接有烷基等碳链的聚醚,该改性聚醚能够增加对基础油和添加剂的相容性。如,将市售的日本三洋化学,美国杜邦或美国陶氏公司生产的聚醚类(PAG)润滑油经精馏提纯后,在聚醚端部嫁接烷基等碳链,以增加对基础油和添加剂的相容性。
本发明基础油中饱和醇酯指Ⅴ类合成油,优选选用美国英迪士公司生产的1Q-310,或台湾百达精密化学股份有限公司(Patech Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd.)生产的8406。
Ⅱ或Ⅲ类加氢精制矿物油是根据 API 规范定义的,Ⅱ类加氢基油的硫含量小于或等于 0.03%,饱和烃含量大于或等于 90%,粘度指数为100-120,III 类加氢基油主要是加氢异构化基础油,硫含量小于或等于 0.03%,饱和烃含量大于或等于 90%,粘度指数大于120。
此外,本发明其他的成分,如屏蔽酚型抗氧剂、高分子聚合酯,硫代硼酸酯,磷酸酯铵盐,硫代磷酸三苯酯,硫磷酸盐、复合多元羧酸、咪唑啉衍生物、肌氨酸盐类、苯***胺盐、苯***衍生物、十二烯基丁二酸、十二烯基丁二酸、胺的四聚氧丙撑衍生物、聚醚类高分子化合物、硅氧烷复合物等均可选用本领域习用的材料,并可通过市售等途径获得。
本发明所达到的有益效果:
第一、本发明压缩机油组合物所用的基础油以矿物油为主,加入一定量的经过优化配比的Ⅴ类合成油(即饱和多元醇酯)提升油品整体基础性能,使油品成本较低的情况下具有优良的综合性能;
第二、细致平衡、科学配比的各添加剂,在加剂总量较小情况下充分发挥其效用,增强油品的热氧化稳定性、极压抗磨性,特别是具有优异的耐酸、防腐,清净分散和抗油泥积炭特性,可使油品在酸性工况中的使用寿命从不到1000小时延长到2000小时以上;
第三、油品中的金属钝化剂和防腐剂可与金属形成金属鳌合物附着于机器表面,防止已腐蚀油品对压缩机的腐蚀与磨损,提高压缩机的使用率。
因此,本发明从油品成本,油品及压缩机使用寿命方面大大降低了生产成本,同时减少废油的环境污染。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种压缩机油组合物,其各组分按重量百分比分配如下:
烷基化二苯胺 0.5%
屏蔽酚 0.5%
咪唑啉衍生物 1%
肌氨酸盐类 0.5%
减摩剂 0.5%
硫代硼酸酯 0.03%
十二烯基丁二酸 0.05%
胺的四聚氧丙撑衍生物 0.04%
硅氧烷复合物 0.005%
余量基础油中:
改性聚醚 5%
饱和醇酯 5%
Ⅱ类加氢矿物油 余量
以上减摩剂即不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯类抗磨剂。使用效果:在酸性工况中的使用寿命超过3000h。
实施例2
一种压缩机油组合物,其各组分按重量百分比分配如下:
烷基化二苯胺 0.7%
屏蔽酚 0.8%
肌氨酸盐类 1.5%
减摩剂 1%
硅氧烷复合物 0.005%
余量基础油中:
改性聚醚 5%
饱和醇酯 15%
Ⅱ类加氢矿物油 余量
以上减摩剂即不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯类抗磨剂。使用效果:在染纺行业酸性工况中的使用寿命超过2000h。
实施例3
一种压缩机油组合物,其各组分按重量百分比分配如下:
烷基化二苯胺 1.5%
屏蔽酚 0.5%
复合多元羧酸 1%
咪唑啉衍生物 1%
减摩剂 0.5%
硫磷酸酯 0.1%
胺的四聚氧丙撑衍生物 0.04%
硅氧烷复合物 0.005%
余量基础油中:
改性聚醚 10%
饱和醇酯 5%
Ⅱ类加氢矿物油 余量
以上减摩剂即不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯类抗磨剂。使用效果:在酸性工况中的使用寿命月4000h。
实施例4
一种压缩机油组合物,其各组分按重量百分比分配如下:
壬基二苯胺 1.5%
2,6-二叔丁基酚 0.5%
复合多元羧酸 1%
咪唑啉衍生物 1%
减摩剂 0.5%
硫磷酸酯 0.1%
聚醚类高分子化合物 0.09%
硅氧烷复合物 0.01%
余量基础油中:
改性聚醚 8%
饱和醇酯 8%
III类加氢矿物油 余量
以上减摩剂即不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯类抗磨剂。使用效果:在染纺行业酸性工况中的使用寿命超过3500h。
实施例5
一种压缩机油组合物,其各组分按重量百分比分配如下:
烷基化二苯胺 0.5%
屏蔽酚 0.3%
复合多元羧酸 1%
肌氨酸盐类防腐剂 0.6%
减摩剂 0.5%
苯***胺盐 0.1%
胺的四聚氧丙撑衍生物 0.04%
硅氧烷复合物 0.008%
余量基础油中:
改性聚醚 10%
饱和醇酯 5%
III类加氢矿物油 余量
以上减摩剂即不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯类抗磨剂。使用效果:在染纺行业酸性工况中的使用寿命超过2500h。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种压缩机油组合物,包括添加剂和基础油,其特征在于,按质量百分比计,所述添加剂包括:抗氧剂0.5%~2%,极压抗磨剂0.2%~0.8%,防腐剂0.5%~2%,抗泡剂0.005~0.05%,余量为基础油,所述基础油按质量份数计,包括5%-10%的改性聚醚,5%-20%的饱和醇酯,余量为加氢矿物油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述添加剂还包括质量分数为0.01%~0.3%的金属钝化剂,质量分数为0.01%~0.1%的防锈剂,质量分数为0.01%~0.1%的破乳剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂为屏蔽酚与烷基化二苯胺和/或亚磷酸酯的复配物,所述屏蔽酚与烷基化二苯胺和/或亚磷酸酯的重量比为1:0.2~7。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述极压抗磨剂为不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯,或不含S、P、N的高分子聚合酯与质量百分比≤0.1%的含S、P、N的极压润滑剂的混合物,优选地,所述含S、P、N的极压润滑剂指硫代硼酸酯,磷酸酯铵盐,硫代磷酸三苯酯,二硫化磷酸盐,或磷酸壬基胺盐混合物中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述防腐剂为含氮衍生物,且分子中既有弱碱基团也有弱酸基团。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述防腐剂选自复合多元羧酸、咪唑啉衍生物、肌氨酸盐类的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述金属钝化剂为包括苯***衍生物的至少一种金属钝化剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述防锈剂为包括十二烯基丁二酸或十二烯基丁二酯的至少一种防锈剂,所述破乳剂选自胺的四聚氧丙撑衍生物和/或聚醚类高分子化合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述抗泡剂为硅氧烷复合物。
10.根据权利要求1或9所述的一种压缩机油组合物,其特征在于,所述加氢矿物油为硫含量小于或等于0.03%,且饱和度大于或等于90%的Ⅱ类加氢基础油。
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