A kind of moulding type epoxy bottom filler of containing phosphorus-nitrogen fire retardant and preparation method thereof with
Using
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polymer-electronics encapsulating material technical field, especially a kind of mould of containing phosphorus-nitrogen fire retardant
Plastotype epoxy bottom filler.
Background technique
In recent years, moulding type epoxy bottom filler (MUF) is widely used in the encapsulation of advanced flip chip type.
MUF is usually to be made of components such as epoxy resin, phenolic curing agent, inorganic filler, curing accelerator and additives.With numerous
High-molecular organic material is the same, and plain edition epoxy resin, phenolic resin are also easy to burn, and the electronics member of above-mentioned plastic packaging material encapsulation
Part is often exposed in air at high temperature to be used, therefore it is required that it must have good flame-retarding characteristic.That applies earliest contains
Bromine flame retardant, thermal decomposition product can remove fuel gas in conjunction with fuel gas.But brominated flame-retardant generates toxic in a fire
Gas makes one to be poisoned, and in addition waste needs recovery processing of classifying, and has been prohibited from using substantially in plastic packaging material at present.It is big at present
Inorganic fire retardants has been used in the plastic packaging material of part, has done fire retardant using magnesium hydroxide as CN1984960A is reported, they are by dividing
Solution absorbs a large amount of combustions heat to prevent combustion thermal cycle from acting on polymer.But its additive amount is big, can largely sacrifice MUF
Mobility.Some middle and high end plastic packaging materials use intrinsic flame retardant resin systems, as US6242110 report uses biphenyl or naphthalene type tree
Rouge resin system advantageously forms foam layer of charcoal and assigns epoxy-plastic packaging material good anti-flammability in combustion process.But it is above-mentioned
This body structure of resin leads to material at high temperature poor fluidity, may cause encapsulating structure lead in molding process and is destroyed, this
Outer this kind of intrinsic flame retardant type epoxy and phenolic resin system often cost with higher.It therefore is to meet wanting for Advanced Packaging
It asks, the new fire retardant of research and probe or fire-retardant mode are imperative.
Phosphorus-containing matter is considered as most possibly replacing brominated flame-retardant, realizes the fire retardant of halogen-free flameproof.Based on containing
The research of phosphorus fire retardant has very much, but its application in plastic packaging material is not much and sees.US7544727 is reported using containing mostly fragrant
Electronic package material of the cyclic phosphate as fire retardant.Nitrogenated flame retardant is also a kind of common flame-retardant system, fire-retardant mode
Mainly to form the non-flammable compressive gases such as ammonia in decomposable process, flammable group is diluted and watered down.Its major advantage is Halogen, low cigarette,
Be conducive to environmental protection.But its exclusive use is inefficient, and effect is more preferable in conjunction with other flame-retardant systems.It is released dependent on its pyrolysis
The feature of non-flammable compressive gas is put, there is good frothing function, can be used as the foaming agent of Intumescent Retardant System.
While exploring synthesizing new efficient flame-retarding agent, people are used cooperatively also by different flame retardant, are reducing
Flame retarding efficiency is improved while amount of flame-retardant agent.During different flame retardant is used cooperatively, since different flame retardant is fire-retardant
The synergistic effect of mechanism, in the identical situation of additive amount, the flame retarding efficiency of cooperative flame retardant system is apparently higher than two kinds of fire retardants
Flame retarding efficiency when exclusive use, here it is so-called fire retardant " synergistic effects ".Phosphorus-nitrogen cooperative flame retardant system is to apply at present
Compare extensive cooperative flame retardant system, for example, Japan's volt is shown in that Co., Ltd., pharmacy institute develops efficient " phosphorus-nitrogen " synergistic fire retardant
Polyphosphazene (trade name: Rabitle FP-100).The fire retardant has excellent flame-retarding characteristic to epoxy-plastic packaging material.Patent
CN102617640 reports a kind of " phosphorus-silicon " synergistic fire retardant, and CN103073585 reports a kind of " phosphorus-silicon-nitrogen " ternary association
Same fire retardant has used expensive end-vinyl silicon compound in above-mentioned fire retardant, such as 1,1,3,3- tetramethyl -1,3-
Divinyl disiloxane, 1,1,3,3- tetramethyl -1,3- divinyl disilazane, diphenyl -1 1,3- dimethyl -1,3-,
3- divinyl disiloxane, 1,1,3,3- tetraphenyl -1,3- divinyl disiloxane, four silicon oxygen of tetramethyl tetravinyl ring
Alkane, eight ethylene basic rings, eight silsesquioxane etc..The expensive cost of raw material causes the high cost of final fire retardant, makes it in MUF
Application in equal epoxy composites is extremely restricted.In addition, be mostly fatty chain structure in above-mentioned synergistic fire retardant,
It is unfavorable for improving the heat-resistant stability of MUF.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in view of the defects of the present invention is to propose a kind of fire-retardant effects with higher
The moulding type epoxy bottom filler of rate and fire retardant and the good containing phosphorus-nitrogen fire retardant of resin system compatibility.The present invention is another to be solved
Certainly the technical issues of, is to provide the preparation method of the moulding type epoxy bottom filler of the containing phosphorus-nitrogen fire retardant, and its in flip-chip
Application in type encapsulation.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to what is be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of containing phosphorus-nitrogen fire retardant
Moulding type epoxy bottom filler, its main feature is that, the component containing following parts by weight:
100 parts of epoxy resin;
1-200 parts of phenolic curing agent;
100-3000 parts of inorganic filler;
1-10 parts of curing accelerator;
1-50 parts of synergistic fire retardant of " phosphorus-nitrogen ";
1-20 parts of coupling agent;
1-10 parts of release agent;
1-10 parts of colorant.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, epoxy resin include linear phenolic epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin or
One or more of mixtures of dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, curing agent can be amine, anhydride, imidazoles and phenolic epoxy acrylate
One or more of mixtures.It is preferred that linear phenolic resin and biphenyl linear phenolic resin etc..
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, inorganic filler has silica (unformed, crystallinity), alumina, aluminium nitride
Deng preferred spherical junctions crystal form SiO 2 powder.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, curing accelerator has imidazoles, tertiary amine, phosphorus series compound, preferably 2- ethyl -4-
Methylimidazole and triphenylphosphine.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, " phosphorus-nitrogen " synergistic fire retardant, structure respectively as shown in Formulas I or Formula II,
(Formulas I)
(Formula II).
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, the coupling agent is selected from γ-(2,3- the third oxygen of epoxy) propyl trimethoxy
Silane (KH-560), γ aminopropyltriethoxy silane (KH-550), γ-mercaptan aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (KH-
580) at least one of or a variety of mixtures in any ratio composition applicatory, preferably KH-580.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, the release agent is selected from native paraffin (bar wax etc.), synthetic wax (polyethylene wax
Deng), stearic acid, palmitinic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, at least one of lithium stearate and magnesium stearate or a variety of by appointing
The mixture of what ratio composition applicatory, preferably bar wax and polyethylene wax.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, the colorant is selected from carbon black.
The method provided by the invention for preparing above-mentioned moulding type epoxy bottom filler, includes the following steps:
By the epoxy resin, the phenolic curing agent, the promotor, the coupling agent, the release agent, described disappear
Infusion, the inorganic filler are kneaded after mixing, and obtain the MUF material.In the mixing step, temperature is 20-120 DEG C, tool
Body can be 20-30 DEG C, 50-80 DEG C, 90-110 DEG C or 90-120 DEG C, preferably 60-90 DEG C;Time is 0.5-3 hours, concretely
0.5-1.5 hours or 1-1.5 hours, preferably 0.5-1 hours.
In concrete operations, above-mentioned each component can be uniformly mixed in required ratio, in common various three rollers of material or
It heats and is kneaded on two roller kneading machines, obtain evenly dispersed mixture and buy cake on pancake making machine after cooling, crushing, needed for obtaining
The moulding type epoxy bottom filler of size.
In addition, application of the moulding type epoxy bottom filler of aforementioned present invention offer in the encapsulation of various flip chip types,
It belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Epoxy composite provided by the present invention, due to having used completely new phosphorus nitrogen synergistic fire retardant, with prior art phase
Than, flame retarding efficiency with higher, and fire retardant is good with resin system compatibility, efficiently solves its dispersion, and technique
Simply, low in cost, it is a kind of novel halogen-free flame-retardant green epoxy composite.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the infared spectrum of fire retardant shown in preparation formula I in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the MOLDI-TOF map of fire retardant shown in preparation formula I in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the infared spectrum of fire retardant shown in preparation formula II in embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 is the MOLDI-TOF map of fire retardant shown in preparation formula II in embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
A kind of moulding type epoxy bottom filler of containing phosphorus-nitrogen fire retardant, the component containing following parts by weight:
100 parts of epoxy resin;
1-200 parts of phenolic curing agent;
100-3000 parts of inorganic filler;
1-10 parts of curing accelerator;
1-50 parts of synergistic fire retardant of " phosphorus-nitrogen ";
1-20 parts of coupling agent;
1-10 parts of release agent;
1-10 parts of colorant.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, epoxy resin include linear phenolic epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin or
One or more of mixtures of dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, curing agent can be amine, anhydride, imidazoles and phenolic epoxy acrylate
One or more of mixtures.It is preferred that linear phenolic resin and biphenyl linear phenolic resin etc..
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, inorganic filler has silica (unformed, crystallinity), alumina, aluminium nitride
Deng preferred spherical junctions crystal form SiO 2 powder.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, curing accelerator has imidazoles, tertiary amine, phosphorus series compound, preferably 2- ethyl -4-
Methylimidazole and triphenylphosphine.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, fire retardant is " phosphorus-nitrogen " synergistic fire retardant, and structure is respectively such as Formulas I or formula
Shown in II,
(Formulas I)
(Formula II).
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, the coupling agent is selected from γ-(2,3- the third oxygen of epoxy) propyl trimethoxy
Silane (KH-560), γ aminopropyltriethoxy silane (KH-550), γ-mercaptan aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (KH-
580) at least one of or a variety of mixtures in any ratio composition applicatory, preferably KH-580.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, the release agent is selected from native paraffin (bar wax etc.), synthetic wax (polyethylene wax
Deng), stearic acid, palmitinic acid, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, at least one of lithium stearate and magnesium stearate or a variety of by appointing
The mixture of what ratio composition applicatory, preferably bar wax and polyethylene wax.
In the filler of moulding type epoxy bottom, the colorant is selected from carbon black.
The method provided by the invention for preparing above-mentioned moulding type epoxy bottom filler, includes the following steps:
By the epoxy resin, the phenolic curing agent, the promotor, the coupling agent, the release agent, described disappear
Infusion, the inorganic filler are kneaded after mixing, and obtain the MUF material.In the mixing step, temperature is 20-120 DEG C, tool
Body can be 20-30 DEG C, 50-80 DEG C, 90-110 DEG C or 90-120 DEG C, preferably 60-90 DEG C;Time is 0.5-3 hours, concretely
0.5-1.5 hours or 1-1.5 hours, preferably 0.5-1 hours.
In concrete operations, above-mentioned each component can be uniformly mixed in required ratio, in common various three rollers of material or
It heats and is kneaded on two roller kneading machines, obtain evenly dispersed mixture and buy cake on pancake making machine after cooling, crushing, needed for obtaining
The moulding type epoxy bottom filler of size.
In addition, application of the moulding type epoxy bottom filler of aforementioned present invention offer in the encapsulation of various flip chip types,
It belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
The present invention is further elaborated combined with specific embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.Institute
State method is conventional method unless otherwise instructed.The raw material can be gotten from open business unless otherwise instructed.
" phosphorus-nitrogen " fire retardant shown in Formulas I of the present invention and Formula II can refer to CN102617640 and CN103073585 the method system
It is standby.The preparation process includes the following steps: after dissolving vinyl itrogenous organic substance and diphenyl phosphine oxide in reaction dissolvent,
Again into the system be added organic boron solution, at a certain temperature reaction a period of time, obtain after completion of the reaction the Formulas I or
Compound shown in Formula II.
In the above method, the reaction dissolvent is selected from least one of alcohol compound, saturated hydrocarbons compound;Its
In, the alcohol compound is in methanol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, amylalcohol, n-butanol, isopropanol, isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethylene glycol
At least one, specially at least one of methanol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol and isopropanol;Wherein saturated hydrocarbons compound is selected from penta
At least one of alkane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, pentamethylene, hexamethylene and cycloheptane, specially pentane, oneself
At least one of alkane, heptane, pentamethylene and hexamethylene.
In the method, organic boron be selected from trimethyl borine, boron triethyl, tripropylborane, triisopropyl boron, tri butyl boron and
At least one of triphenyl borine;In the solution of the organic boron, solvent in ether, tetrahydrofuran and n-hexane at least
It is a kind of.
In the reaction step, temperature is 0 ~ 50 DEG C, specially 10 ~ 45 DEG C;Reaction time is 0.5 ~ 40 hour, specially
1 ~ 35 hour.The reaction step carries out in an inert atmosphere;The inert atmosphere is in nitrogen atmosphere and argon atmosphere
At least one, specially nitrogen atmosphere.
The performance of preparation gained composition epoxy resin is measured as follows in following embodiments (described
Measuring method is conventional method unless otherwise instructed):
FTIR spectrum (FT IR) is measured using 2000 type Fourier infrared spectrograph of Perkin-Elmer, sample preparation
Method uses KBr pressed disc method, range 4000-400 cm-1, 4 cm of resolution ratio-1.Mass spectrum (MALDI-TOF-MS) test uses
The measurement of Biflex type III MALDI-TOF-MS mass spectrograph.LOI test: GB/T 2406-93 according to national standards, sample size
100×6.5×3.0 mm3.Vertical burn test: GB/T 2408-1996 according to national standards, sample size 125 × 13
×3.0 mm3。
Spiral flow length is measured by transmitting injection press and according to the helical flow metal die of EMM-I-66.Gelation
Time uses iron plate method, by plastic packaging material as 175oIt in the thermal station of C, flattens, starts timing and obtained solidifying after plastic packaging material gel
Gel time.Calorimetric inspects scanning (DSC) test and uses TA Q-100 type Instrument measuring, tests in a nitrogen environment, vitrifying
It is 20 that transition temperature, which tests heating rate,oC/min.Mechanical performance is tested on 5567 type universal testing machine of Instron.Bending
Measurement (GB/T 1040.1-2006 and GB/T9341-2000) the extrusion speed of performance is 2.0 mm/min.Test temperature: often
Temperature.
Embodiment 1
In a reactor equipped with nitrogen inlet, condenser pipe and thermometer, by 6.06 g(0.02 mol) diphenyl
Phosphine oxygen (DPPO) and 2.49 g(0.01 mol) iso-cyanuric acid triallyl ester sequentially adds in 10 ml acetone, at 15 DEG C
Stir to clarify it is transparent, under nitrogen protection, control temperature at 15 DEG C, be added dropwise in 0.5 hour 4 ml concentration be 0.5M 3 third
The tetrahydrofuran solution of base boron;After being added dropwise, stops reaction after keeping 15 DEG C of reactions 1 hour, steam solvent, repeatedly washed with water
Wash, dry, obtain 6.75 g(fire retardant 1 of white solid), yield 79%.It is as follows to prepare reaction equation:
。
The structure detection data of flame retardant compound shown in Formulas I, including infrared spectrum, mass spectrum (MALDI-TOF) are respectively such as
Shown in attached drawing 1 and 2.
Embodiment 2
In a reactor equipped with nitrogen inlet, condenser pipe and thermometer, by 6.06 g(0.03 mol) diphenyl
Phosphine oxygen (DPPO) and 2.49 g(0.01 mol) triallyl cyanurate sequentially adds in 10 ml tetrahydrofurans, at 15 DEG C
Stir to clarify it is transparent, under nitrogen protection, control temperature at 15 DEG C, in 0.5 hour be added dropwise 5ml concentration be 0.5M tributyl
The hexane solution of boron;After being added dropwise, stops reaction after keeping 15 DEG C of reactions 2 hours, steam solvent, repeatedly washed with ether
Wash, dry, obtain 6.32 g(fire retardant 2 of white solid), yield 74%.It is as follows to prepare reaction equation:
。
The structure detection data of flame retardant compound shown in Formula II, including infrared spectrum, mass spectrum (MALDI-TOF) are respectively such as
Shown in attached drawing 3 and 4.
Embodiment 3
By 15 g of fire retardant shown in Formulas I prepared by embodiment 1,29.8 g of line style phenolic aldehyde, linear phenolic epoxy resin
55.2 g are heated to 150 DEG C, and melting mixing is uniform, later in 120 DEG C of 10 min of heat preservation, add triphenylphosphine (TPP) 0.4
G carries out deaeration after being quickly stirred, is finally cast in mold, 150 DEG C of solidifications 3h, 180 DEG C of solidification 6h, obtain sample into
Limit by row oxygen index (OI) and vertical burn test, gained sample LOI are 33.5, and flame retardant rating is UL 94 V-0 grade.
Embodiment 4
By 15 g of fire retardant shown in Formula II prepared by embodiment 2,29.8 g of line style phenolic aldehyde, linear phenolic epoxy resin
55.2 g are heated to 150 DEG C, and melting mixing is uniform, later in 120 DEG C of 10 min of heat preservation, add triphenylphosphine (TPP) 0.4
G carries out deaeration after being quickly stirred, is finally cast in mold, 150 DEG C of solidifications 3h, 180 DEG C of solidification 6h, obtain sample into
Limit by row oxygen index (OI) and vertical burn test, gained sample LOI are 33.8, and flame retardant rating is UL 94 V-0 grade.
Comparative example 1
35 g of line style phenolic aldehyde, 65 g of linear phenolic epoxy resin are heated to 150 DEG C, melting mixing is uniform, Zhi Hou
120 DEG C of 10 min of heat preservation, add 0.4 g of triphenylphosphine (TPP), carry out deaeration after being quickly stirred, be finally cast to mould
In tool, 150 DEG C of solidifications 3h, 180 DEG C of solidification 6h obtain sample and carry out limit oxygen index and vertical burn test, gained sample LOI
It is 21, flame retardant rating is not up to UL 94 V-2 grade.
Comparative example 3, embodiment 4 and comparative example 1 are as can be seen that be applied to ring for fire retardant shown in Formulas I and Formula II
In oxygen composition, epoxy composite can be made to reach UL 94 V-0 grade fire-retardant.
Embodiment 5
Other components of removing silicon powder, coupling agent and curing accelerator are put into kneading machine first in MUF preparation process,
It is kneaded 2 minutes;Silicon powder and coupling agent are added later, is kneaded 10 minutes, material is uniformly mixed;It is eventually adding curing accelerator, is mixed
Refining 3 minutes.The composition mixed carries out crushing material after object to be combined is cooling, rear portion sample for flowing
Property test and gelation time test;Another part sample breaks into pie, the preparation for batten.In batten preparation process,
Using molded method, so that composition is softened and is molded into molding die under the conditions of 180 DEG C, goes out after solidification two minutes
Mould, it is rear at 220 DEG C later to solidify 4h.
Each component shown in table 1 is proportionally weighed, material mixing is carried out by the above process later, one after the completion of mixing
Sample is divided to test for mobile performance and gelation time, another part sample prepares batten by molded, and tests it
Performance.Properties of product are shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 6
MUF preparation process is same as Example 5.Each component shown in table 1 is proportionally weighed, later by the above process into
The mixing of row material, mixing are completed rear portion sample and are tested for mobile performance and gelation time, and another part sample passes through
It is molded to prepare batten, and test its performance.Properties of product are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 2
MUF preparation process is same as Example 5.Each component shown in table 1 is proportionally weighed, the above process is pressed later
Material mixing is carried out, mixing is completed rear portion sample and tested for mobile performance and gelation time, and another part sample is logical
Cross it is molded prepare batten, and test its performance, properties of product are shown in Table 2.
1 epoxy composite sample composition of table
2 MUF epoxy composite properties of product of table
Comparative example 5, embodiment 6 and comparative example 2 are as can be seen that use the MUF ring of fire retardant shown in Formulas I and Formula II
The more traditional MUF composition of oxygen composition has higher fire-retardant rank.The heat resistance and mechanical property of its solidfied material simultaneously
Also it increases, this is mainly due to caused by the good heat-resistant stability of fire retardant and toughening effect.