CN106278550A - A kind of universal cultivation organic substrate - Google Patents
A kind of universal cultivation organic substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106278550A CN106278550A CN201610600563.3A CN201610600563A CN106278550A CN 106278550 A CN106278550 A CN 106278550A CN 201610600563 A CN201610600563 A CN 201610600563A CN 106278550 A CN106278550 A CN 106278550A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to cultivation matrix field, a kind of universal cultivation organic substrate.This organic substrate is pressed weight/mass percentage composition and is calculated, and constituent is: coconut palm powder 30 35%, dreg 30 35%, sea oyster shells 10 15%, cultivates bedding and padding 20 25%.Or be: coconut palm powder 30 35%, dreg 25 28%, sea oyster shells 10 15%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 5 7%, cultivate bedding and padding 20 25%.The organic substrate that the present invention prepares has the advantages such as water retention property is good, nutritious, resistance against diseases is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of vegetable, especially cultivation matrix field, a kind of universal cultivation organic group
Matter.
Background technology
Cultivation matrix refers to substitute soil environment and fixes the solid matrix of root system of plant, and cultivation matrix can provide
Crop machinery is supported and the solid dielectric of nutrient substance supply.Common conventional inorganic cultivation matrix has Vermiculitum, perlite, rock
Cotton, sand, polyurethane etc.；Organic substrate has peat, rice hull carbon, bark etc..Vegetable substrate culture technology saves labor with it, water-saving
Save fertile, high-quality and efficient, environmental protection of low pollution and avoid the advantages such as continuous cropping obstacle the most gradually to be approved by numerous vegetable growers.But exist and protect
Water is the best, the shortcoming that nutritional labeling release is too fast, resistance against diseases is weak.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention devises a kind of universal cultivation organic substrate, has water retention property
The features such as good, nutritious and stable release, resistance against diseases are strong.This universal cultivation organic substrate is to use below scheme to realize
:
A kind of universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: calculate by weight/mass percentage composition, the constituent of substrate
For: coconut palm powder 30-35%, dreg 30-35%, sea oyster shells 10-15%, cultivate bedding and padding 20-25%.
Further, a kind of universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: calculate by weight/mass percentage composition, substrate
Constituent is, coconut palm powder 30-35%, dreg 25-28%, sea oyster shells 10-15%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 5-7%, cultivates bedding and padding 20-
25%.
Preferably, described coconut palm powder is coconut shell flour, and granularity is 0.1-0.3cm.
Preferably, the granularity of described sea oyster shells is 0.1-0.3cm.
Preferably, the making step of described universal cultivation organic substrate includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm powder, by above-mentioned coconut palm powder
Carrying out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process, the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes coconut palm powder；
(2) the culture medium garbage remained after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, adds prebiotic
Bacterium, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg；
(3) take sea oyster shell, clean, broken, screening, choose chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm as sea oyster shells；
(4) collecting the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form the fine powder of 150-200 mesh with grinder, the holding that adds water is wet
Profit, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder；
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding；
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by a certain amount of proportioning mix homogeneously, send into
Moulding machine, compressing.
Preferably, described probiotic bacteria includes actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Kazakhstan time wood
Any one or a few composition in mycete.
Preferably, described cultivation bedding and padding are the solid waste using the plant of microorganism zero-emission fermentation bed process to produce
Thing, primary raw material is the mixing bedding and padding of rice husk, coir, wherein contains Paecilomyces lilacinus, avirulent Fusarium oxysporum two
Plant biocontrol microorganisms.
Preferably, described coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 30-60 days, fermentation
Time water content be 40-60%.
One of the present invention universal cultivation organic substrate, has the advantage that
1, there is stronger water retention property.In the present invention, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder good hygroscopicity, it is possible to increase the water-retaining property of substrate
Can, play the effect of water-retaining agent；Dreg and bedding and padding have substantial amounts of lignin and cellulose, it may have open-textured speciality,
There is good water-permeable and air permeable, it is possible to provide good planting conditions for plant.
2, permeability is good, and substrate entirety equilibrium degree is high.The coir contained in bedding and padding, contributes to strengthening between matrix components
Crosslinking, improve its content bonding strength, it is simple to root system is fixed；The support strength of sea oyster shells is more preferable, but its gap is relatively
Greatly, typically it is unfavorable for water conservation, and the interpolation of Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder can be good at making up the gap between the oyster shells of sea so that whole base
The equilibrium degree of the ventilative water conservation of matter reaches preferably level.
3, there is abundant nutritive value.In organic substrate in the present invention, coconut palm powder has higher P elements and potassium unit
Cellulose content, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder contains higher nitrogen element, and bedding and padding have substantial amounts of organic matter and abundant nitrogen element, P elements,
Potassium element, while dreg includes abundant mycelia and protein, also has abundant calcium constituent, P elements, potassium element, Yi Jiduo
Plant trace element.Therefore, the present invention organic substrate provide not only the organic nutritioies such as a large amount of Hydrocarbon, cellulose,
And provide sufficient inorganic nutrients, there is abundant nutrition and be worth, it is not necessary to additionally use other fertilizer.
4, nutritional labeling stably discharges.Traditional soil incubation needs periodically fertilising, and need that controlling well apply fertilizer and expect is dense
Degree, otherwise easily causes burn seedlings.And the dreg in the substrate of the application is containing profitable probliotics, it is possible to along with fermentation constantly produces metabolism
Product, these metabolites contain abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, it is possible to provide nutrition for plant, and along with the poor growth of probiotic bacteria
And stable release, play the effect of similar slow releasing agent, it is possible to ensure that plant all has the nutrient of abundance in growth early stage and later stage,
Ensure that without fertilising and substrate contains the bio-feritlizer stablizing content, avoid while providing adequate nutrients for plant burning
The situation of Seedling, conveniently saves worry.
5, resistance against diseases is strong.The Paecilomyces lilacinus contained in the bedding and padding of the present invention, avirulent Fusarium oxysporum, be one
Class biocontrol microorganisms, Paecilomyces lilacinus has the powerful biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion energy killing nematicide；Fungus is had by avirulent Fusarium oxysporum
The strongest inhibitory action；These biocontrol microorganisms can effectively suppress the pathogen in substrate, reduces the probability that plant catches an illness, promotes to plant
Thing healthy growth.
6, there is suitable pH value.Coconut palm powder, coconut husk material, bedding and padding pH are acid, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, sea oyster shells, dreg pH value
Then aobvious alkalescence, by suitable proportioning, can make the pH stable of substrate in the range of the 5.5-6.5 of applicable plant growing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of universal cultivation organic substrate, is calculated by weight/mass percentage composition, and the constituent of substrate is, coconut palm powder
32.5%, dreg 32.5%, sea oyster shells 12.5%, cultivate bedding and padding 22.5%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm powder, by above-mentioned coconut palm powder
Carrying out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process, the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes coconut palm powder；
(2) the culture medium garbage remained after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, adds fixed nitrogen
Bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg；
(3) taking sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, screening, choosing granularity is 0.1-
The chip of 0.3cm is as sea oyster shells；
(4) collecting the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form the fine powder of 150-200 mesh with grinder, the holding that adds water is wet
Profit, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder；
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding；
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by above-mentioned quality proportioning mix homogeneously, send
Enter moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 30 days, aqueous during fermentation
Amount is 40%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of universal cultivation organic substrate, is calculated by weight/mass percentage composition, and the constituent of substrate is, coconut palm powder 30%,
Dreg 25%, sea oyster shells 15%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 5%, cultivate bedding and padding 25%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm powder, by above-mentioned coconut palm powder
Carrying out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process, the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes coconut palm powder；
(2) the culture medium garbage remained after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, adds fixed nitrogen
Bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg；
(3) taking sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, screening, choosing granularity is 0.1-
The chip of 0.3cm is as sea oyster shells；
(4) collecting the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form the fine powder of 150-200 mesh with grinder, the holding that adds water is wet
Profit, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder；
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding；
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by above-mentioned quality proportioning mix homogeneously, send
Enter moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 45 days, aqueous during fermentation
Amount is 50%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of universal cultivation organic substrate, is calculated by weight/mass percentage composition, and the constituent of substrate is, coconut palm powder
32.5%, dreg 26.5%, sea oyster shells 12.5%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 6%, cultivate bedding and padding 22.5%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm powder, by above-mentioned coconut palm powder
Carrying out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process, the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes coconut palm powder；
(2) the culture medium garbage remained after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, adds fixed nitrogen
Bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg；
(3) taking sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, screening, choosing granularity is 0.1-
The chip of 0.3cm is as sea oyster shells；
(4) collecting the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form the fine powder of 150-200 mesh with grinder, the holding that adds water is wet
Profit, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder；
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding；
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by above-mentioned quality proportioning mix homogeneously, send
Enter moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 30 days, aqueous during fermentation
Amount is 40%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of universal cultivation organic substrate, is calculated by weight/mass percentage composition, and the constituent of substrate is, coconut palm powder 35%,
Dreg 28%, sea oyster shells 10%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 7%, cultivate bedding and padding 20%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm powder, by above-mentioned coconut palm powder
Carrying out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process, the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes coconut palm powder；
(2) the culture medium garbage remained after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, adds fixed nitrogen
Bacterium, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg；
(3) taking sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, screening, choosing granularity is 0.1-
The chip of 0.3cm is as sea oyster shells；
(4) collecting the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form the fine powder of 150-200 mesh with grinder, the holding that adds water is wet
Profit, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder；
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding；
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by above-mentioned quality proportioning mix homogeneously, send
Enter moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 60 days, aqueous during fermentation
Amount is 60%.
Embodiment 5
Experiment: the cultivation bedding and padding containing biocontrol microorganisms and the cultivation bedding and padding without biocontrol microorganisms are carried out contrast test.To same
Fructus Cucumidis sativi that under environment, different substrates grows, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, the prevalence of fresh kidney beans plant are added up, and result shows: with common cultivation
Substrate is compared, use and reduce 20.1% containing the Fructus Cucumidis sativi of substrate culture of biocontrol microorganisms, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, the prevalence of fresh kidney beans plant,
19.9% and 23.5%, and growing way is preferable.Visible, the organic substrate resistance against diseases of the present invention is strong, it is possible to reduce institute cultivated plant
Ill probability, promote plant health to grow up.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, the change that can readily occur in or replacement,
All should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
It is as the criterion.
Claims (8)
1. a universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: calculating by weight/mass percentage composition, the constituent of substrate is:
Coconut palm powder 30-35%, dreg 30-35%, sea oyster shells 10-15%, cultivate bedding and padding 20-25%.
2. a universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: calculating by weight/mass percentage composition, the constituent of substrate is,
Coconut palm powder 30-35%, dreg 25-28%, sea oyster shells 10-15%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 5-7%, cultivate bedding and padding 20-25%.
One the most according to claim 1 and 2 universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: described coconut palm powder is coconut palm
Shell powder, granularity is 0.1-0.3cm.
One the most according to claim 1 and 2 universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: described extra large oyster shells
Granularity be 0.1-0.3cm.
5. according to the arbitrary described one universal cultivation organic substrate of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: described organic group
The making step of matter includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm powder, is carried out by above-mentioned coconut palm powder
The desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching processes, and the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes coconut palm powder；
(2) the culture medium garbage remained after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, adds one or more
Probiotic bacteria, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg；
(3) take sea oyster shell, rinse, after potassium permanganate soaking disinfection, broken, screening, choose the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm
As sea oyster shells；
(4) collecting the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form the fine powder of 150-200 mesh with grinder, the holding that adds water is moistening, heap
Put fermentation maturity, be fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder；
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding；
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by a certain amount of proportioning mix homogeneously, moulding is sent into
Machine, compressing.
The method of making the most according to claim 5 universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: described probiotic bacteria
Including any one or a few group in actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Kazakhstan time trichoderma
Become.
The method of making the most according to claim 5 universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: described cultivation pad
Material is the solid waste using the plant of microorganism zero-emission fermentation bed process to produce, and primary raw material is rice husk, coir
Mixing bedding and padding, wherein contain Paecilomyces lilacinus, two kinds of biocontrol microorganisms of avirulent Fusarium oxysporum.
The method of making the most according to claim 5 universal cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: described coconut palm powder,
Dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 30-60 days, and water content during fermentation is 40-60%.
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| CN108546211A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-09-18 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of blueberry planting matrix and preparation method thereof based on pig raising bedding and padding |
| CN113004098A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-06-22 | 泉州市惠安鼎模农业综合开发有限公司 | Tea tree bio-organic fertilizer prepared from camellia oleifera shells and preparation process and equipment thereof |
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