CN106269936B - Drawing tower wheel set for unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine - Google Patents

Drawing tower wheel set for unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine Download PDF

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CN106269936B
CN106269936B CN201611004420.2A CN201611004420A CN106269936B CN 106269936 B CN106269936 B CN 106269936B CN 201611004420 A CN201611004420 A CN 201611004420A CN 106269936 B CN106269936 B CN 106269936B
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cone pulley
wire
machine
wire drawing
elongation
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CN106269936A (en
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马素珍
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B21C1/14Drums, e.g. capstans; Connection of grippers thereto; Grippers specially adapted for drawing machines or apparatus of the drum type; Couplings specially adapted for these drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B21C1/04Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums with two or more dies operating in series

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Abstract

A drawing tower wheel set for a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine, comprising: the device comprises a driving cone pulley, a driven cone pulley and a wire drawing die frame, wherein the driving cone pulley comprises a driving cone pulley shaft and an integrated multi-stage stepped cone pulley arranged on the driving cone pulley shaft, and each stage of cone pulley corresponds to one drawing pass; the wire drawing die frame is provided with a corresponding wire drawing die; the driven cone pulley comprises a driven cone pulley shaft and a plurality of cone pulley pieces movably sleeved on the driven cone pulley shaft; on the same drawing pass, one cone pulley piece of the passive cone pulley corresponds to the first-stage cone pulley on the active cone pulley. The invention leads the machine extensibility corresponding to more than 70% of all drawing passes to be reduced in sequence along with the gradual rise of the metal wire strength, and is matched with the conical drawing extensibility distribution curve; when the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine of the drawing tower wheel set is used for producing high-strength and high-plasticity high-added value metal wires, the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine has better product plasticity and higher yield.

Description

Drawing tower wheel set for unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wire drawing of metal products, and particularly relates to a drawing tower wheel set for a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine.
Background
The cone pulley of the water tank wire drawing machine drives the metal wire wound on the surface of the cone pulley to draw, and the linear speed of the metal wire on the surface of the cone pulley cannot be lower than that of the surface of the cone pulley. Meanwhile, compared with the surface line speed of the cone pulley, the faster the wire speed is, the more serious the friction of the wire on the surface of the cone pulley is. The linear velocity ratio of the front metal wire and the rear metal wire of the wire drawing die is drawing elongation, the surface linear velocity ratio of the front cone pulley and the rear cone pulley of the wire drawing die is machine elongation, and the distribution form of the machine elongation limits the distribution form of the drawing elongation. In the drawing process, the strength of the metal wire is gradually increased along with the increase of drawing passes, and the plasticity is gradually reduced. Thus, as the plasticity of the wire decreases progressively, the greater the draw elongation, the higher the risk of brittle failure of the wire; the smaller the draw elongation, the higher the risk of cup cone wire breakage due to the low initial pass wire strength. Thus, the optimum draw elongation distribution curve should be a tapered curve, i.e., the draw elongation decreases progressively as the wire strength increases progressively.
The existing unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine comprises a wire collecting device, a wire releasing device and a wire drawing main body; the cone pulley group of the existing wire drawing main body comprises an active cone pulley and a passive cone pulley, and a wire drawing die carrier positioned between the active cone pulley and the passive cone pulley; the driving cone pulley and the driven cone pulley are integrated multi-stage stepped cone pulleys arranged on the driving cone pulley shaft or the driven cone pulley shaft, each stage of cone pulley corresponds to one drawing pass, and a drawing die corresponding to each stage of cone pulley of the driving cone pulley and the driven cone pulley is arranged on the drawing die carrier. When the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine works, a metal wire bypasses a first-stage cone pulley at the top end of a passive cone pulley, passes through a corresponding wire drawing die hole on a wire drawing die frame, and bypasses the first-stage cone pulley at the top end of a driving cone pulley to finish first-time drawing; and then the second-stage cone pulley of the passive cone pulley passes through the corresponding wire drawing die hole on the wire drawing die frame, and the second-stage cone pulley of the active cone pulley is bypassed, so that the second-pass drawing is completed. And by analogy, finally completing the wire drawing.
Because all the step cone pulleys on the driving cone pulley and the driven cone pulley are of an integrated structure, the rotating speeds of all the step cone pulleys on the driving cone pulley and the rotating speeds of all the step cone pulleys on the driven cone pulley are the same, and the machine elongation of the traditional water tank wire drawing machine is distributed to be constant (the distribution curve is shown in fig. 1), namely the machine elongation of each drawing pass is the same. Since the machine elongation distribution limits the drawing elongation distribution, the drawing elongation at constant machine elongation is substantially close to a horizontal curve, which can only meet the requirements of low added value common wire properties.
In order to improve the performance of the wire, the machine elongation distribution of the wire-drawing machine is optimized to be stepped (or grouped and tapered) under the condition that the rotating speeds of all the step-up pulleys on the driving step-up pulley and the driven step-up pulley are the same: as the wire strength increases, the machine elongation profile decreases stepwise (see fig. 1 for its distribution curve). But still cannot match the optimum draw elongation distribution curve, i.e., the tapered draw elongation curve.
Because the cone pulley group structure of the existing unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine enables the rotating speeds of all the stages of cone pulleys on the passive cone pulley to be the same, the machine elongation rate cannot be reduced in sequence along with the gradual rising of the strength of the metal wire in the drawing process, namely, the conical machine elongation rate distribution mode (see fig. 1) cannot be matched with the optimal drawing elongation rate distribution curve of a drawn product.
At present, when the existing water tank wire drawing machine is used for processing the high-added value metal wire with high strength and high requirement on plastic property, only a constant machine elongation process or a step machine elongation process is adopted, so that the yield is low, and the plastic property of the product is difficult to meet the requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drawing tower wheel set for a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine, which enables the machine elongation distribution of the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine to be sequentially reduced along with the gradual rising of the strength of a metal wire in the drawing process, realizes the tapered machine elongation distribution and forms a novel tapered machine elongation process different from the existing drawing process. The conical machine elongation process is matched with a conical drawing elongation distribution curve of the metal wire, so that the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine has better product plasticity and higher yield when producing high-strength and high-plasticity high-added-value metal wires.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A drawing tower wheel set for a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine, comprising: the automatic wire drawing device comprises a driving cone pulley, a driven cone pulley and a wire drawing die frame arranged between the driving cone pulley and the driven cone pulley, wherein the driving cone pulley comprises a driving cone pulley shaft and an integrated multi-stage stepped cone pulley arranged on the driving cone pulley shaft, and each stage of cone pulley corresponds to one drawing pass; the wire drawing die carrier is provided with a wire drawing die corresponding to each stage of cone pulley of the driving cone pulley; the driven cone pulley comprises a driven cone pulley shaft and a plurality of cone pulley plates movably sleeved on the driven cone pulley shaft; on the same drawing pass, one cone pulley piece of the passive cone pulley corresponds to the first-stage cone pulley on the active cone pulley.
Further, on the same drawing pass, the diameter of the cone pulley sheet of the passive cone pulley is the same as that of the corresponding primary cone pulley on the active cone pulley.
The passive cone pulley is characterized in that more than two adjacent cone pulley sheets on the passive cone pulley are arranged into an integrated structure.
By innovating the structure of the drawing tower wheel group of the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine, the invention forms a conical machine elongation process which is matched with the wire work hardening characteristic, namely a conical drawing elongation curve and is different from the existing drawing process on the premise of ensuring the high precision requirement of drawing key indexes-drawing linearity.
All the stage cone pulleys in the existing passive cone pulleys are connected into a whole, are driven by a cone pulley shaft to rotate at the same rotating speed, and the machine elongation is distributed to be constant or step-type descending, so that the machine elongation cannot be matched with the optimal drawing elongation curve of a drawn product, namely, the conical drawing elongation curve.
The cone-shaped drawing elongation curve of the drawn product is generally obtained by measuring a work hardening curve of the processed metal wire, and then the drawing force, the counter-pulling force and the core stress are calculated by combining a drawing stress calculation model, so that the cone-shaped drawing elongation curve of the drawn product can be obtained.
The invention is completely different from the existing structure, the cone pulley pieces on the passive cone pulley in the invention rotate in a follow-up mode, namely, the cone pulley pieces rotate along with the drawn metal wires, and the rotating speed of each cone pulley piece is different in the drawing process, so that the machine extensibility of different passes is different.
According to the invention, through the follow-up design of each cone pulley piece on the passive cone pulley, the machine elongation distribution curve of the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine is tapered, and the tapered drawing elongation curve of a drawn product is realized.
All the step cone pulleys in the existing passive step cone pulley structure rotate at the same rotating speed, for example, a cone-shaped drawing elongation curve is used, so that the difference between the speed of a metal wire and the linear speed of the surface of the passive step cone pulley is overlarge, and the wire is easily broken or the surface of the metal wire is abraded. The invention designs the passive cone pulley into a follow-up mode, so that the linear speed of the surface of the passive cone pulley is the same as that of the surface metal wire, and the defect that the surface of the cone pulley is severely rubbed by the metal wire and even broken due to overlarge difference between the speed of the metal wire and the linear speed of the surface of the passive cone pulley is avoided.
Meanwhile, in view of the fact that the metal wire has certain elastic deformation capability, a certain difference is allowed between the speed of the metal wire and the surface linear speed of the passive cone pulley, and the ratio of the speed of the metal wire to the surface linear speed of the passive cone pulley is required to be smaller than the elastic elongation of the metal wire, each cone pulley piece on the passive cone pulley corresponds to one-stage drawing pass, or more than two adjacent cone pulleys are arranged into an integrated structure and correspond to two or more than two stages of drawing passes.
The invention compares the machine extensibility distribution curve obtained in the experiment with the optimal taper drawing extensibility curve, and the result shows that: the machine extensibility distribution curve of the drawing tower wheel set gradually increases in the initial plurality of drawing passes, and the machine extensibility corresponding to the drawing passes exceeding 70% is sequentially reduced along with the gradual increase of the strength of the metal wire, and the decreasing curve is matched with the conical drawing extensibility curve.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention designs the passive cone pulley in the drawing tower pulley group of the water tank wire drawing machine to be composed of a plurality of cone pulley pieces, the cone pulley pieces are movably sleeved on the passive tower pulley shaft, and the cone pulley pieces rotate along with the driven of drawn metal wires in a follow-up mode, so that the rotating speeds of the cone pulley pieces on the passive cone pulley are different in the drawing process, thereby forming the machine extensibility distribution in conical distribution, and realizing the matching with the optimal conical drawing extensibility curve.
On the basis of not sacrificing drawing linearity, the invention invents a taper machine elongation process different from the existing drawing process, and can realize the optimal taper drawing elongation curve application, thereby obtaining better product plasticity and higher yield when producing high-added value metal wires with high strength and high requirement on plasticity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of constant, stepped and tapered machine elongation distribution curves.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 12-pass drawing tower wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a drawing work hardening graph of a steel wire having a carbon content of 0.9% in the example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of cone pullout elongation in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of wear rules of the wire drawing dies with different passes according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of machine extensibility distribution for an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures.
Referring to fig. 2, the drawing tower wheel set for a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine provided by the invention comprises: the wire drawing die frame comprises a driving cone pulley 1, a driven cone pulley 2 and a wire drawing die frame 3 arranged between the driving cone pulley 1 and the driven cone pulley 2;
The driving cone pulley 1 comprises a driving cone pulley shaft 4 and integrated multi-stage stepped cone pulleys arranged on the driving cone pulley shaft 4, wherein each stage of cone pulley (taking a primary cone pulley 11 as an example and the same applies below) corresponds to one drawing pass;
the wire drawing die frame 3 is provided with a wire drawing die 5 corresponding to each stage of cone pulley (taking a stage of cone pulley 11 as an example) of the driving cone pulley 1;
The passive cone pulley 2 comprises a passive cone pulley shaft 6 and a plurality of cone pulley pieces movably sleeved on the passive cone pulley shaft 6; on the same drawing pass, one cone pulley piece of the passive cone pulley 2 corresponds to the primary cone pulley on the active cone pulley 1, for example, taking the cone pulley piece 21 as an example, on the same drawing pass, the cone pulley piece 21 corresponds to the primary cone pulley 11 on the active cone pulley 1.
In this embodiment, on the same drawing pass, the diameter of the cone pulley piece of the passive cone pulley is the same as the diameter of the corresponding primary cone pulley on the active cone pulley, for example, the diameter of the cone pulley piece 21 of the passive cone pulley 2 is the same as the diameter of the primary cone pulley 11 on the active cone pulley 1.
Examples
High carbon steel wire with carbon content of 0.9% (UT), extremely fine steel wire with strength exceeding 4000MPa (highest strength steel material) can be obtained by unidirectional drawing in a water tank, and is used for high-end cord and cut wire products.
In this example, the work hardening curve of UT wire was first obtained by experimental inspection, see fig. 3. A cone-shaped drawing elongation curve is obtained by a drawing stress model, see in particular fig. 4, wherein the drawing stress model formula is as follows:
drawing force Pn=An×Rm×ln(d0/dn)2×[1+2f/(2α)+2α/(3ln(d0/dn)2)];
Counter-pulling force
Core stress y=2658-1174×ln (Red%) +72× (2α) +qn/20.5+.k×rm;
compression ratio Red% = [1- (d n/dn-1)2 ] ×100%;
Elongation El% = 1/(1-Red%) x 100%;
in the above formula, A n is the cross-sectional area of the nth steel wire, R m is the tensile strength of the nth steel wire, alpha is the drawing compression angle, f is the friction coefficient, d 0 is the diameter of the raw steel wire, d n is the diameter of the nth steel wire, m is the winding number, and k is the safety coefficient.
The wear rules of the wire drawing dies with different times are obtained through experimental measurement, and a schematic diagram of the wear rules is shown in fig. 5. The machine extensibility distribution curve of the present invention was obtained by calculation, see in particular fig. 6.
The embodiment is completed on a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine, and the drawing passes are 26. The cone pulley diameter of the passive cone pulley 2 and the cone pulley diameter of the active cone pulley 1 before and after the same drawing pass are kept the same, for example, the cone pulley 11 of the active cone pulley 1 and the cone pulley 21 of the passive cone pulley 2 are kept the same. The 26 drawing passes are divided into 2 tower pulley groups (12-pass tower pulleys are one group), one transition pass and one finished product pass, and the 2 tower pulley groups are arranged in the unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 12 pass turrets wheel set.
In this embodiment, the passive cone pulley 2 is made of a light aluminum alloy material, each cone pulley piece corresponds to one drawing pass, and each cone pulley piece completely and independently rotates, i.e. the rotation speed of each passive cone pulley piece in the drawing process is different. Sliding friction is formed between the cone pulley sheet of the passive cone pulley 2 and the passive cone pulley shaft 6 as well as between the cone pulley sheets, and bronze wear-resistant coatings are arranged on friction surfaces, so that low friction force, low rotational inertia and low abrasion are ensured.
As can be seen from fig. 3 and fig. 6, the machine elongation distribution curve of the drawing tower wheel set according to the present invention gradually increases the elongation in the initial several drawing passes, and then the machine elongation corresponding to more than 70% of the drawing passes gradually decreases as the strength of the wire gradually increases, and the decreasing curve matches with the optimal tapered drawing elongation curve, so as to finally form the tapered machine elongation process.
In this example, a high carbon steel wire having a carbon content of 0.9% (UT) and a diameter of 0.89mm was drawn into a 0.10mm steel wire on a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine, and the drawing elongation and machine elongation were as shown in Table 1. In addition, high carbon steel wires having a diameter of 0.89mm and a carbon content of 0.9% (UT) were drawn on a step-type water tank drawing machine and a constant-type water tank drawing machine to obtain 0.10mm steel wires as comparative examples 1 and 2, respectively, each of which was subjected to 26-pass drawing, and the corresponding drawing elongation and machine elongation are shown in table 1.
As can be seen from table 1, the machine elongation of the present example gradually increases in the initial several drawing passes, and the machine elongation corresponding to the subsequent passes exceeding 70% gradually decreases as the wire strength gradually increases, and finally a tapered machine elongation process is formed. In comparative example 1, the machine elongation distribution was stepwise decreased as the strength of the steel wire increased; the machine elongation for each pass in comparative example 2 was the same and constant.
Compared with the production of the finished product with the accumulated 10 tons, when the drawing process of the existing water tank wire drawing machine is a constant machine elongation process, the produced yield is 78%, and the average plasticity of the finished product is as follows: plastic elongation of 2.1% and torsion value of 37; when the drawing process of the existing water tank wire drawing machine is a step machine elongation process, the yield of the produced wire drawing machine is 84%, and the average plasticity of the finished product is as follows: plastic elongation of 2.2% and twist value of 40; the novel drawing tower wheel set designed by the invention enables the drawing process of the water tank wire drawing machine to be a taper machine elongation process, the yield of the production is 91%, the plastic elongation is 2.4%, the torsion value is 42, the plasticity and the yield of the product are both obviously improved, and obvious advantages are obtained.
TABLE 1

Claims (3)

1. A wire drawing method of a steel wire is characterized in that a drawing tower wheel set of a unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine is adopted, and the wire drawing method comprises the following steps: the automatic wire drawing device comprises a driving cone pulley, a driven cone pulley and a wire drawing die frame arranged between the driving cone pulley and the driven cone pulley, wherein the driving cone pulley comprises a driving cone pulley shaft and an integrated multi-stage stepped cone pulley arranged on the driving cone pulley shaft, and each stage of cone pulley corresponds to one drawing pass; the wire drawing die carrier is provided with a wire drawing die corresponding to each stage of cone pulley of the driving cone pulley; the driven cone pulley comprises a driven cone pulley shaft and a plurality of cone pulley plates movably sleeved on the driven cone pulley shaft; on the same drawing pass, one cone pulley piece of the passive cone pulley corresponds to the first-stage cone pulley on the active cone pulley; the wire drawing method comprises the following steps:
1) Obtaining a work hardening curve of the steel wire through experimental detection;
2) And obtaining a conical drawing elongation curve through a drawing stress model, wherein the drawing stress model formula is as follows:
drawing force Pn=An×Rm×ln(d0/dn)2×[1+2f/(2α)+2α/(3ln(d0/dn)2)];
Core stress y=2658-1174×ln (Red%) +72× (2α) +qn/20.5+.k×rm;
compression ratio Red% = [1- (d n/dn-1)2 ] ×100%;
Elongation El% = 1/(1-Red%) x 100%;
In the formula, A n is the cross section area of the nth-pass steel wire, R m is the tensile strength of the nth-pass steel wire, alpha is a drawing compression angle, f is a friction coefficient, d 0 is the diameter of the raw material steel wire, d n is the diameter of the nth-pass steel wire, m is the winding number, and k is a safety coefficient;
3) And obtaining the abrasion loss of the wire drawing dies with different times through experimental measurement, and obtaining the elongation distribution curve of the drawing tower wheel set through calculation.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the cone pulley piece of the passive cone pulley is the same as the diameter of the corresponding primary cone pulley of the active cone pulley in the same drawing pass.
3. The wire drawing method of a steel wire according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two or more adjacent cone pulley segments on the passive cone pulley of the drawing cone pulley set are provided as an integral structure.
CN201611004420.2A 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Drawing tower wheel set for unidirectional drawing water tank wire drawing machine Active CN106269936B (en)

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