CN106266886A - 一种具有免疫增强作用的组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有免疫增强作用的组合物,它是包含下述重量配比的原料制备而成:大枣1‑20份,山药1‑20份、茯苓1‑40份、黄精1‑40份、麦芽1‑20份、山楂1‑20份、益智仁1‑30份。药效实验表明,本发明组合物可增强免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能,临床对照研究结果进一步证明其可显著减少免疫低下人群的感冒次数,具有显著的免疫增强作用,可进一步制备成食品、保健品或药品,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有免疫增强作用的组合物及其制备方法,属于医药领域。
背景技术
免疫是机体识别自身物质和排除自身物质的一种保护性的生理反应,具有维持自身稳定、防止传染和免疫监视的作用。机体免疫功能的高低直接影响到机体的抗病能力和生产能力。免疫功能低下是多种疾病的始动因素,也可在多种疾病病程中产生并加重病情。
免疫功能低下根据发病原因不同,可分为原发性和继发性两类。原发性是先天发育不全所致,大多数与遗传有关,多发生于儿童;继发性则由病毒、细菌、真菌等感染或药物、肿瘤、疲劳、失眠、营养不良、压力过大等原因引起,可见于各种年龄的人群,多数病后体弱,易发感染性疾病者属继发性免疫力低下。目前常用的免疫增强剂主要包括氢氧化铝、蜂胶、胸腺素等,鉴于免疫增强剂种类少,应用有限,且存在多数不良反应等情况,许多研究者逐渐将目光聚焦中药领域,开发带有中药特色的具有调节免疫活性、增强机体免疫力的免疫增强剂。
因此,以药食同源的中药材为原料,提供一种增强免疫效果明确、无明显毒副作用的药物、保健品或食品,成为了一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有免疫增强作用的组合物及其制备方法。
本发明提供了一种具有免疫增强作用的组合物,它是包含下述重量配比的原料制备而成:大枣1-20份,山药1-20份、茯苓1-40份、黄精1-40份、麦芽1-20份、山楂1-20份、益智仁1-30份。
进一步的,它是包含下述重量配比的原料制备而成:大枣5-10份,山药10-20份,茯苓20-40份,黄精20-30份,麦芽5-10份,山楂10份,益智仁10份。
优选的,它是包含下述重量配比的原料制备而成:大枣10份,山药20份,茯苓25份,黄精20份,麦芽5份,山楂10份,益智仁10份。
进一步的,它还含有下述重量配比的原料:红豆100份、玉米100份。
进一步的,它是由各重量配比原料的原生粉、水或有机溶剂提取物,加入药学上或保健品中可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备而成的制剂,或加入食品用辅料或其他食品制备而成的食品,或直接制备成食品。
进一步的,所述的制剂为口服制剂。
进一步的,所述的口服制剂为肠道营养剂、散剂、颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、混悬剂或合剂。
进一步的,所述的食品为营养糊。
本发明所述的营养糊,可以谷物、豆类、核桃仁等一种或几种为基料制备成速食糊。
其中,所述的谷物包括但不限于大米、小米、小麦、燕麦、薏米、黑米、芝麻、玉米。
其中,所述的豆类包括但不限于碗豆、绿豆、红豆。
本发明提供了一种所述组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:a、取各重量配比的原料;b、直接打粉,或加入水或有机溶剂提取,浓缩,得提取物;c、再加入药学上或保健品中可接受的辅料或辅助性成分,或加入食品用辅料或其他食品,或直接制备为食品,即得。
进一步的,所述提取物的制备包括如下步骤:取各重量配比的原料,加水回流提取,滤过,浓缩滤液,即得。
进一步的,所述提取物的制备还包括如下步骤:将滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.25g/ml,加乙醇使含醇量达80%v/v,静置分离,收集上清液,浓缩。
本发明提供了所述组合物在制备具有免疫增强作用的药物、保健品或食品中的用途。
本发明提供了一种具有免疫增强作用的组合物。发明人通过对中医常用扶正方剂进行统计分析,结合临床应用经验,形成本发明组合物。该组合物由七种药食同源中药组成,以黄精为君,补中益气,以大枣、山药和茯苓为臣,补中益气兼具健脾,使补而不腻,山楂、麦芽为佐,加强健脾作用,各味原料相辅相成,发挥协同增效作用。药效实验表明其可增强免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能,临床对照研究结果进一步证明其可显著减少免疫低下人群的感冒次数,具有显著的免疫增强作用。该组合物制备遵循中药的传统用药方式,制备方法简单,可应用于食品、保健食品或药品制备。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
本发明具体实施方式中使用的原料、设备均为已知产品,通过购买市售产品获得。
实施例1本发明组合物的制备
取大枣10kg,山药20kg、茯苓20kg、黄精30kg、麦芽5kg、山楂5kg、益智仁10kg,用水回流提取2次,第一次加12倍体积量,第二次加10倍体积量,每次回流2小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至相对密度1.25g/ml,加乙醇使含醇量达80%v/v,静置并固液分离,取上清液,回收乙醇,浓缩、干燥,所得提取物粉碎过60目筛,即得本发明提取物粉27kg。可后续用于保健品、食品或药品制备。
实施例2本发明组合物的制备
取大枣10kg,山药20kg、茯苓25kg、黄精20kg、麦芽5kg、山楂10kg、益智仁10kg,用水回流提取2次,第一次加10倍体积量,第二次加8倍体积量,每次回流2小时,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩干燥,所得提取物粉碎过60目筛,即得本发明提取物粉20kg。可后续用于保健品、食品或药品制备。
实施例3本发明组合物的制备
取大枣15kg,山药15kg、茯苓25kg、黄精30kg、麦芽5kg、山楂5kg、益智仁5kg,加60%v/v乙醇水溶液回流提取3次,第一次加8倍体积量,第二次和第三次分别加6倍体积量,每次回流1~2小时,滤过,合并滤液,回收乙醇、浓缩、干燥,所得提取物粉碎,即得本发明提取物粉15kg。可后续用于保健品、食品或药品制备。
实施例4本发明组合物营养糊的制备
取大枣10kg,山药20kg、茯苓25kg、黄精20kg、麦芽5kg、山楂10kg、益智仁10kg,蒸熟,干燥,混合粉碎,得原料混合粉;以红豆100kg,玉米100kg,蒸熟,干燥,混合粉碎,得基料混合粉;将原料、基料混合粉充分混合,即得本发明营养糊。
以下通过实验例证明本发明的有益效果。
实验例1本发明组合物对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响
KM小鼠80只,按体重分层随机均分为8组,分别为混悬剂对照组(给予0.5%西黄芪胶)、模型对照组(给予0.5%西黄芪胶)、阳性对照组(给予云芝多糖)、本发明组合物全方组(给予根据实施例2制备的提取物粉)、山药组、黄精组、人参组、益智仁组(上述单味原料均按照实施例2方法制备成提取物粉)。灌胃给予试验药物,每日1次,连续14d。除混悬剂对照组外,给药第8、10、12d按25mg/kg腹腔注射给予环磷酰胺生理盐水溶液,造成免疫低下。第13d、14d分别腹腔注射6%淀粉溶液;至第14d末次给药后1h,腹腔注射5%鸡红细胞生理盐水悬液1ml,30min后,颈椎脱臼处死动物,经腹腔注入生理盐水2ml,并轻揉腹部。1min后剪开腹部,吸取腹腔洗液1ml,平均分滴于2片载玻片上,放入湿盒内,37℃温育30min。后于生理盐水中漂洗,晾干,并以1:1丙酮-甲醇溶液固定,4%(v/v)Giemsa-PBS染色3min,蒸馏水漂洗晾干,镜检,计算吞噬百分率。结果如表1所示。
表1本发明组合物对免疫低下小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响(n=10, )
与模型对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01
实验结果:本发明组合物提取物在0.4g/kg剂量灌胃给予14日,可显著提高免疫抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力,与阳性对照组无显著性差异;人参组也有较好作用,但效果不如本发明组合物组;其他组合物中单味药物与对照组相比无明显差异。
以上结果表明,本发明组合物具有显著的免疫增强作用,且作用优于云芝多糖、人参。而且,在相同给药剂量下,本发明组合物组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬百分率明显高于山药、人参、益智仁组,表明本发明各味原料相辅相成,发挥了协同增效作用。
实验例2本发明组合物对免疫低下人群的免疫增强作用的临床观察
征集20位易感冒志愿者,按照志愿者自述,其2年内感冒次数在6-15次之间。将志愿者随机分为1组和2组。1组为治疗组,2组为对照组。治疗组患者每天食用根据实施例4制备的营养糊30g。对照组给予不含本发明组合物的营养糊30g(即仅由实施例4基料混合粉组成)。志愿者食用3个月、6个月,记录3个月、6个月内感冒次数。结果如表2。
表2本发明组合物对易感冒人群感冒次数的干预作用
注:与对照组比较:*P<0.05;**P<0.01
实验结果:食用本发明营养糊,可显著减少感冒易感人群的感冒次数,进一步证明本发明组合物具有较好的免疫增强作用。
Claims (12)
1.一种具有免疫增强作用的组合物,其特征是:它是包含下述重量配比的原料制备而成:大枣1-20份,山药1-20份、茯苓1-40份、黄精1-40份、麦芽1-20份、山楂1-20份、益智仁1-30份。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征是:它是包含下述重量配比的原料制备而成:大枣5-10份,山药10-20份,茯苓20-40份,黄精20-30份,麦芽5-10份,山楂10份,益智仁10份。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征是:它是包含下述重量配比的原料制备而成:大枣10份,山药20份,茯苓25份,黄精20份,麦芽5份,山楂10份,益智仁10份。
4.如权利要求1~3任意一项所述的组合物,其特征是:它还含有下述重量配比的原料:红豆100份、玉米100份。
5.如权利要求1~4任意一项所述的组合物,其特征是:它是由各重量配比原料的原生粉、水或有机溶剂提取物,加入药学上或保健品中可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备而成的制剂,或加入食品用辅料或其他食品制备而成的食品,或直接制备成食品。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征是:所述的制剂为口服制剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其特征是:所述的口服制剂为肠道营养剂、散剂、颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、混悬剂或合剂。
8.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征是:所述的食品为营养糊。
9.一种权利要求1~8任意一项所述组合物的制备方法,其特征是:包括如下步骤:a、取各重量配比的原料;b、直接打粉,或加入水或有机溶剂提取,浓缩,得提取物;c、再加入药学上或保健品中可接受的辅料或辅助性成分,或加入食品用辅料或其他食品,或直接制备为食品,即得。
10.如权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征是:所述提取物的制备包括如下步骤:取各重量配比的原料,加水回流提取,滤过,浓缩滤液,即得。
11.如权利要求10所述的制备方法,其特征是:所述提取物的制备还包括如下步骤:将滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.25g/ml,加乙醇使含醇量达80%v/v,静置分离,收集上清液,浓缩。
12.权利要求1~8任意一项所述组合物在制备具有免疫增强作用的药物、保健品或食品中的用途。
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