CN106264670A

CN106264670A - Hob type arachnoidea shears

Info

Publication number: CN106264670A
Application number: CN201610762953.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江力; 俞文华
Original assignee: Hangzhou First Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Hangzhou First Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2016-08-29
Filing date: 2016-08-29
Publication date: 2017-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-29
Also published as: CN106264670B

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of hob type arachnoidea shears, including dise knife, tubular shell and for rotating the drive mechanism of dise knife, housing forward end be provided with same cerebral cortex contact to block, it is provided with smooth fillet to block surface, to being provided with the blade coordinated for same dise knife between block and housing, blade is fitted with dise knife；To block for contacting with meninges, the smooth fillet on surface can be prevented effectively from arachnoidea cutter when cutting and stab meninges, reducing amount of bleeding, dise knife rotates and forms otch with blade, reaches the purpose of quick cutting-up by promoting hob type arachnoidea shears i.e. to may utilize stress concentration effect.

Description

Hob type arachnoidea shears

Technical field

The present invention relates to surgical knife tool, it is a kind of hob type arachnoidea shears.

Background technology

Along with the development of Micro-neurosurgical technology, needing to cut the various neurosurgeries of dura mater, as basis cranii is micro- In invasive procedures and the operation of Posterior fossa cerebellopontine angle, bone window its operation technique space more and more less meeting operation technique demand is narrow Little, and in current this kind of operation, it is common that after dura mater is opened, prior to doing an osculum on arachnoidea, will be used by scope Surgical scissors stretches into one in arachnoid osculum and cuts arm, then presses the handle of surgical scissors, so that being provided with blade Two cut arm and suit mutually and cut off arachnoidea.But, due to existing surgical scissors to cut arm top more sharp-pointed, sharp, And intracranial cerebrospinal fluid fluctuation can cause arachnoidea position not fix so that easily scratch cerebral tissue or damage when opening arachnoidea Neural blood vessel important under arachnoidea, causes brain surface to dampen, and important neural blood vessel is impaired, and surgical field of view obscures, and on the one hand needs The consuming time stops blooding, and rinses visual area, wastes time and energy；On the other hand also result in potential safety hazard, increase postoperative intracranial hemorrhage etc. The generation of complication, and affect recover in the future.Analyzing according to standard literature meta, the only cerebellum contusion of Posterior fossa operation is sent out Raw rate is 11.3%, and mortality rate is 0.6% (China's neurosurgery magazine meta statistics).

Secondly, in arachnoid shear history, need to use scope to coordinate hold assembly, the arachnoidea that will have cut off Pick up, then by a little cut off of surgical scissors, whole process completes more slowly and all in scope, inefficient, medical care people Member spends more time and energy in arachnoidea cutting, is unfavorable for the operation technique of subsequent key part.

At present, a kind of dura mater shears of Application No. 201420182386.8, including fixed blade body and fixed blade body The shears cutter hub of hinged cooperation, first cutting arm, the first bottom cutting arm is fixed on the front end of fixed blade body, at movable scissors The front end of body be provided with can with first cut that arm suits mutually second cut arm, cut arm and second first and cut relative at least one of arm Being provided with blade on face, first to cut arm towards the one side that second cuts arm be upper, and the first lower surface cutting arm is plane, and first cuts arm Top be provided with ball-shaped end.It is simple and reasonable, it is possible to prevent first stretch in the dura mater osculum scratched first to cut arm Stab cerebral tissue in dura mater, and push the arachnoidea below dura mater and cerebral tissue open by the first lower surface cutting arm, brain can be prevented Organize and cause card pressure or downright bad from dura mater crack extrusion, thus well avoid cerebral tissue to sustain damage；Also can make dura mater shears Turn to flexibly, more convenient operation.

But its front arm body is long-pending relatively big, is unfavorable for operation, need the bigger visual field, and hand when motion arm body easily Block the visual field, cause operating limited, and its use during shears there is the problem that amplitude of fluctuation is bigger, in not therefore being suitable for In the Microinvasive neurosurgery operations such as sight glass.

Summary of the invention

The goal of the invention of the present invention be in order to solve operation on cerebral meninges easily meninges is stabbed when cutting arachnoidea or cut and The bleeding problems caused, it is provided that a kind of hob type arachnoidea shears, first can be prevented effectively from arachnoidea cutter pair when cutting The damage of meninges, next is effectively improved cutting efficiency, and integral elongated can coordinate with endoscope, is applied to Microinvasive neurosurgery In operation.

In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, present invention employs techniques below scheme: a kind of hob type arachnoidea shears, bag Including dise knife, tubular shell and for rotating the drive mechanism of dise knife, described dise knife is positioned at the front end of housing, housing forward end be provided with Cerebral cortex contact to block, be provided with smooth fillet to block surface, described coordinate for same dise knife to being provided with between block and housing Blade, described blade and dise knife are fitted；The knife face of described blade is obliquely installed, and the lower end of blade face is positioned to block upper surface Edge, the angle of blade face and dise knife knife face is less than 90 °.

Drive mechanism can use manpower to be driven, and manually presses pressure or power is driven on dise knife by rotation, or pass through Motors etc. rotate and replace manpower.

Preferably, the knife face of described blade is in the arcuate structure caved inward.

Preferably, described drive mechanism uses motor to drive.

Preferably, described drive mechanism presses driving, drive mechanism to include drive mechanism, interface arrangment, reset knot under using Structure, press rotational structure down；The described rotational structure of pressure down includes screw rod, down-pressed pole and cylindrical lower lock block, described down-pressed pole Bottom is provided with the cylindrical bellows chamber moved up and down for lower lock block, described screw rod by polygonal cross-section along its axial torsion Becoming, be provided with groove in the middle part of described lower lock block, described groove cross section is identical with screw rod cross section；Described housing central section is provided with can Accommodating the hollow chamber that down-pressed pole moves, described resetting structure is between housing and down-pressed pole；Described interface arrangment includes two Individual pressure and clamping realize the card access surface of lower lock block and down-pressed pole synchronous axial system, and said two card access surface is positioned at lower lock block and telescopic cavity On two surfaces that room is relative；Described dise knife is connected with screw rod by drive mechanism.

Preferably, described screw rod is formed along its axial torsion by square-section, the groove cross section in the middle part of described lower lock block Rectangular.

Preferably, described card access surface is provided with the flank of tooth, and the flank of tooth arranges along the sidewall uniform circular of lower lock block or bellows chamber.

Preferably, described resetting structure can be elastic component or the relative magnet of homopolarity.

Preferably, described drive mechanism uses gear drive, and drive mechanism includes the first gear, the second gear and the 3rd tooth Wheel, described 3rd gear is fixed on dise knife side, and the bottom of the first gear and screw rod is fixed, and the second gear is positioned at the first gear With the 3rd engage between gear and with the two.

Preferably, described dise knife is the dise knife of saw-blade structure.

Compared with prior art, have employed the hob type arachnoidea shears of technique scheme, have the advantages that

One, use the present invention hob type arachnoidea shears, dise knife match with blade formation one shear surface, dise knife and The intersection of blade is otch, and drive mechanism is used for rotating dise knife, and arachnoidea can quickly be rotated through otch Dise knife cuts.

Two, to block for contacting with meninges, the smooth fillet on surface can be prevented effectively from arachnoidea cutter stamp when cutting Hinder meninges, reduce amount of bleeding.

Three, the smooth angle coordinating blade face and dise knife knife face to be less than 90 ° to block, can be on the arachnoidea cut Utilizing stress to concentrate principle, by quickly scratching arachnoidea to block, arachnoidea goes out in otch quickly to be scratched, and is effectively improved brain The efficiency of film operation, reduces patient and the operating time of doctor, reduces operation technique intensity.

Four, hob type arachnoidea shears is overall in elongated tubulose, and endoscope can be coordinated to realize the nerve of Wicresoft's micropore Surgical operation, reduces surgical wound surface to greatest extent.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of hob type arachnoidea shears of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the use schematic diagram of hob type arachnoidea shears of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of hob type arachnoidea shears embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of hob type arachnoidea shears embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing (when pressing under down-pressed pole) in Fig. 4 at A；

Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing (during down-pressed pole resilience) in Fig. 4 at A；

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of drive mechanism in hob type arachnoidea shears embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of drive mechanism in hob type arachnoidea shears embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of interface arrangment in hob type arachnoidea shears embodiment 1 of the present invention；

Figure 10 is the sectional view of hob type arachnoidea shears embodiment 2 of the present invention；

Figure 11 is the structural representation of hob type arachnoidea shears of the present invention.

Reference: 1, down-pressed pole；2, housing；20, blade；21, to block；3, dise knife；4, the second gear；5, lower lock block； 50, groove；51, card access surface；6, screw rod；60, the first gear；71, upper magnetic piece；72, lower magnetic piece；8, motor；80, connecting shaft； 9, meninges；90, arachnoidea.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described further.

Embodiment 1:

Hob type arachnoidea shears as shown in Figure 1 to 9, including dise knife 3, tubular shell 2 and for rotating driving of dise knife 3 Motivation structure, dise knife 3 is positioned at the front end of housing 2, housing 2 front end be provided with same cerebral cortex contact to block 21, set to block 21 surface Having smooth fillet, to being provided with the blade 20 coordinated for same dise knife between block 21 and housing 2, blade 20 is fitted with dise knife 3；Blade The knife face of 20 is obliquely installed, and the lower end of blade 20 knife face is positioned at the edge to block 21 upper surface, blade 20 knife face and dise knife 3 knife face Angle less than 90 °.

Dise knife matches with blade and forms a shear surface, and dise knife is otch with the intersection of blade, and drive mechanism is used In rotating dise knife, the dise knife that arachnoidea can quickly be rotated through otch cuts, and utilizes the otch of incision to pass through afterwards Stress concentration phenomenon, promotes hob type arachnoidea shears, and arachnoidea can directly be scratched from incision, when being similar to cut cloth Shears is promoted to be cut apart with a knife or scissors along otch by cloth after having only to cut off an osculum.

As in figure 2 it is shown, the blade that the knife face of blade 20 is in the arcuate structure caved inward, arc or inclination can make to be supported The arachnoidea that block is mentioned is moved upward to the incision of dise knife and blade, and the arc knife face of indent is advantageous in that: in incision Knife face slightly trends towards vertically, otch is cut arachnoidea effect more preferable.

Drive mechanism in the present embodiment uses manual depression to drive, and drive mechanism includes drive mechanism, interface arrangment, answers Bit architecture, press rotational structure down；

As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, lower pressure rotational structure includes screw rod 6, down-pressed pole 1 and cylindrical lower lock block 5, down-pressed pole 1 Bottom be provided with the cylindrical bellows chamber moved up and down for lower lock block 5, screw rod 6 by polygonal cross-section along its axial torsion Becoming, be provided with groove 50 in the middle part of lower lock block 5, groove 50 cross section is identical with screw rod 6 cross section, and screw rod 6 can be in groove 50 internal coiling Shuttle back and forth.By the pressure down of lower lock block, order about screw rod and rotate, thus the rotation of screw rod is transferred to dise knife position, make dise knife Rotate.

Screw rod 6 is formed along its axial torsion by square-section, groove 50 rectangular in cross-section in the middle part of lower lock block 5.

Be provided with in the middle part of housing 2 and can accommodate the hollow chamber that down-pressed pole 1 moves, resetting structure be positioned at housing 2 and down-pressed pole 1 it Between；

Interface arrangment includes that two pressures and clamping realize the card access surface 11,51 of lower lock block 5 and down-pressed pole 1 synchronous axial system, two Individual card access surface 11,51 is positioned on two surfaces that lower lock block 5 is relative with bellows chamber；Dise knife 3 is by drive mechanism and screw rod 6 It is connected.

Drive mechanism uses gear drive, and drive mechanism includes the first gear the 60, second gear 4 and the 3rd gear, and the 3rd Gear is fixed on dise knife 3 side, and the bottom of the first gear 60 and screw rod 6 is fixed, and the second gear 4 is positioned at the first gear 60 and Engage between three gears and with the two.

Resetting structure can be elastic component or the relative magnet of homopolarity, and the resetting structure employed in the present embodiment is two groups The magnet that magnetic pole is relative, is divided into magnetic piece 71 and lower magnetic piece 72.Spring can occur fatigue during using, and causes spring to become Shape reply volume step-down；Replace spring by Magnet, its deformation can be prevented effectively from.

Card access surface is provided with the flank of tooth, and the flank of tooth arranges along the sidewall uniform circular of lower lock block 5 or bellows chamber.

The running pressing down rotational structure is as follows:

1. pressing pressure depression bar 1, the interface arrangment between the bellows chamber of down-pressed pole 1 with lower lock block 5 docks, the flank of tooth at two Mutually clamping, owing to the helicoid of screw rod 6 has conflict power upwards to the groove of lower lock block 5, make lower lock block 5 under press through No longer rotating in journey, two magnets in resetting-mechanism are compressed.

2. lower lock block 5 is not rotated further by, and presses downward in screw rod 6, and screw rod 6, when the groove 50 of lower lock block 5, is sent out Raw passive rotation.

3. screw rod 6 rotates so that it is the first gear 60 of bottom rotates, and the first gear 60 is by the second gear 4 and dise knife 3rd gear of side is meshed, and dise knife rotates the transmission realizing rotating.

The most now two magnetic piece repel mutually, when down-pressed pole press pressure withdraw time, magnetic piece reset.

5. lower lock block upwards starts mobile, owing to the helicoid of screw rod makes down-pressed pole fit with upper magnetic piece 71, presses down Interface arrangment between block and the bellows chamber of down-pressed pole 1 cannot dock, and lower lock block is freely rotatable.

6. along with movement and the rotation of lower lock block, spiral is dry due to the resistance by first, second, third gear, it is difficult to Rotating, the most easily, lower lock block is freely rotatable and sets back in the rotation of lower lock block；During this, dise knife is only There is small size revolution.

In use be to cooperate with the cutter that endoscope is used in conjunction with due to the present invention, the external diameter of housing is standard 4mm。

By above-mentioned baric flow journey of pressing, once press pressure can make dise knife towards blade rotation, as shown in the direction of arrow in Fig. 2 (rotating clockwise).After loosing one's grip, in the reset response of magnetic piece, down-pressed pole ejects with lower lock block, and lower lock block is freely rotatable, and spiral Bar is less by the effect amount of spin of gear.

Embodiment 2:

The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, and the drive mechanism in the present embodiment uses motor to drive, and non-manual Under press driving.

As shown in Figure 10, the electronic hob type arachnoidea shears in the present embodiment, including blade 20, dise knife 3, down-pressed pole 1, Motor 8, connecting shaft 80 and drive mechanism.

Drive mechanism uses gear drive, and drive mechanism includes the first gear the 60, second gear 4 and the 3rd gear, and the 3rd Gear is fixed on dise knife 3 side, and the bottom of the first gear 60 and connecting shaft 80 is fixed, and the second gear 4 is positioned at the first gear 60 He Engage between 3rd gear and with the two.

By pressing pressure depression bar 1, down-pressed pole 1 triggers switch connection power supply, makes motor 8 rotate, is driven by connecting shaft 80 The first gear 60 in drive mechanism rotates, and then rotation is transferred on dise knife by the second gear 4 and the 3rd gear, drives Dise knife rotates, and cuts arachnoidea.

The present embodiment is relative to embodiment 1, and its automaticity is high, it is not necessary to manual actuation, presses pressure by single and can open Motor makes dise knife persistently rotate, and can be prevented effectively from the vibration produced when pressing pressure.

Slide electronic hob type arachnoidea shears afterwards, can quickly cut arachnoidea.

The above makes the preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the person of ordinary skill of the art without departing from this On the premise of bright principle, it is also possible to make some modification and improvement, these also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a hob type arachnoidea shears, it is characterised in that: include dise knife (3), tubular shell (2) and be used for rotating dise knife (3) drive mechanism, described dise knife (3) is positioned at the front end of housing (2), and housing (2) front end is provided with supporting of same cerebral cortex contact Block (21), is provided with smooth fillet to block (21) surface, described to being provided with between block (21) and housing (2) for the cooperation of same dise knife Blade (20), described blade (20) is fitted with dise knife (3)；

The knife face of described blade (20) is obliquely installed, and the lower end of blade (20) knife face is positioned at the edge to block (21) upper surface, cutter Sheet (20) knife face is less than 90 ° with the angle of dise knife (3) knife face.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the knife face of described blade (20) is in inwardly The arcuate structure of depression.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described drive mechanism uses motor Drive.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described drive mechanism is pressed under using Driving, drive mechanism includes drive mechanism, interface arrangment, resetting structure, presses rotational structure down；

-described the rotational structure of pressure down includes screw rod (6), down-pressed pole (1) and cylindrical lower lock block (5), described down-pressed pole (1) Bottom is provided with the cylindrical bellows chamber moved up and down for lower lock block (5), and described screw rod (6) is axial along it by polygonal cross-section Torsion forms, and described lower lock block (5) middle part is provided with groove (50), described groove (50) cross section and screw rod (6) cross section phase With, screw rod (6) can shuttle back and forth in groove (50) internal coiling；

-described housing (2) middle part is provided with the hollow chamber that can accommodate down-pressed pole (1) movement, and described resetting structure is positioned at housing (2) And between down-pressed pole (1)；

-described interface arrangment include two pressures and clamping realize lower lock block (5) and down-pressed pole (1) synchronous axial system card access surface (11, 51), said two card access surface (11,51) is positioned on two surfaces that lower lock block (5) is relative with bellows chamber；

-described dise knife (3) is connected with screw rod (6) by drive mechanism.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described screw rod (6) is by square-section Form along its axial torsion, groove (50) rectangular in cross-section at described lower lock block (5) middle part.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described card access surface is provided with the flank of tooth, the flank of tooth Sidewall uniform circular along lower lock block (5) or bellows chamber arranges.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described resetting structure can be elastic component Or the magnet (71,72) that homopolarity is relative.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described drive mechanism uses gear to pass Dynamic, drive mechanism includes the first gear (60), the second gear (4) and the 3rd gear, and described 3rd gear is fixed on dise knife (3) side Face, the bottom of the first gear (60) and screw rod (6) fixes, the second gear (4) be positioned at the first gear (60) and the 3rd gear it Between and engage with the two.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described dise knife (3) is saw-blade structure Dise knife.

Hob type arachnoidea shears the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: housing (2) external diameter of described tubulose is 4mm。