CN106249250A - A kind of method and system of forest information detection - Google Patents
A kind of method and system of forest information detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN106249250A CN106249250A CN201610838469.1A CN201610838469A CN106249250A CN 106249250 A CN106249250 A CN 106249250A CN 201610838469 A CN201610838469 A CN 201610838469A CN 106249250 A CN106249250 A CN 106249250A
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- echo
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- forest information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses the method and system of a kind of forest information detection.The method includes: to ground launch Laser Measurement pulse；Receive described laser pulse and run into the echo-signal of barrier back reflection；Described barrier and the vertical dimension on sensor levels direction is determined according to described echo-signal；Analyze the reflex strength in described echo-signal and echo number；Plant canopy model is determined according to described vertical dimension, described reflex strength and described echo number；Forest information is estimated according to described plant canopy model.The method and system using the present invention can detect the growth information of forest.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tending of woods field, particularly relate to the method and system of a kind of forest information detection.
Background technology
In terms of forest inventory investigation and monitoring, traditional optical remote sensing technology is only capable of the two-dimensional signal providing forest,
Need to obtain three dimensional structure information, the most several years Canada and the natural resources section in Europe by other auxiliary information
Scholar just comes to realise laser radar using value in terms of postgraduate's object space forest structure.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the method and system of a kind of forest information detection, it is possible to the growth letter of detection forest
Breath.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following scheme:
A kind of method of forest information detection, including:
To ground launch Laser Measurement pulse；
Receive described laser pulse and run into the echo-signal of barrier back reflection；
Described barrier and the vertical dimension on sensor levels direction is determined according to described echo-signal；
Analyze the reflex strength in described echo-signal and echo number；
Plant canopy model is determined according to described vertical dimension, described reflex strength and described echo number；
Forest information is estimated according to described plant canopy model.
Optionally, described according to described echo-signal determine described barrier vertical with on sensor levels direction away from
From, specifically include:
Obtain the reflection duration of described echo-signal；
Obtain the spread speed of described laser pulse；
Barrier and the vertical dimension on sensor levels direction is calculated according to described reflection duration and described spread speed.
Optionally, forest information estimated by the described model according to described tree crown, specifically includes:
Set up equal pitch contour；
Calculate equal pitch contour length；
Set threshold value and screen equal pitch contour and convert thereof into polygon；
Described polygon and described plant canopy model are fitted to new plant canopy model；
Calculate described laser pulse in described new plant canopy model the vertical dimension of the echo-signal of all reflections with fly
The range difference of machine distance ground vertical dimension；
Using pip the shortest for described range difference as the height of tree.
Optionally, described according to described plant canopy model estimation forest information, specifically include:
Determine sample range；
According to described plant canopy model, described sample range is scanned for, draw the stem-number in sample range；
The stem-number of described forest is determined according to the stem-number in described sample range.
Optionally, forest information estimated by the described model according to described tree crown, specifically includes:
Utilizing geodata management system to set up the grating image of non-ground points, described non-ground points is described sharp for receiving
The point of the described echo-signal of light pulse；
Described grating image is utilized to determine the relation between described non-ground points and crown density；
Crown density information is determined according to the relation between described non-ground points and canopy density.
A kind of system of forest information detection, including:
Laser pulse emission module, for ground launch Laser Measurement pulse；
Echo signal reception module, runs into the echo-signal of barrier back reflection for receiving described laser pulse；
Vertical dimension determines module, for determining described barrier and sensor levels direction according to described echo-signal
Vertical dimension；
Echo-signal analyzes module, for analyzing the reflex strength in described echo-signal and echo number；
Plant canopy model determines module, for determining according to described vertical dimension, described reflex strength and described echo number
Plant canopy model；
Forest information estimating module, estimates forest information for the model according to described tree crown.
Optionally, described vertical dimension determines module, specifically includes:
Reflection duration acquiring unit, for obtaining the reflection duration of echo-signal；
Spread speed acquiring unit, for obtaining the spread speed of laser pulse；
Vertical dimension computing unit, for calculating barrier and sensor according to described reflection duration and described spread speed
Vertical dimension in horizontal direction.
Optionally, described forest information estimating module, specifically include:
Equal pitch contour sets up unit, is used for setting up equal pitch contour；
Equal pitch contour length computation unit, is used for calculating equal pitch contour length；
Converting unit, is used for setting threshold value and screening equal pitch contour converting thereof into polygon；
Fitting unit, for fitting to new plant canopy model by described polygon and described plant canopy model；
Range difference computing unit, for calculating described laser pulse echo of all reflections in described new plant canopy model
The vertical dimension of signal and the range difference of plane distance ground vertical dimension；
The height of tree determines unit, is used for pip the shortest for described range difference as the height of tree.
Optionally, described forest information estimating module, specifically include:
Sample range determines unit, is used for determining sample range；
Search unit, for scanning for plant canopy model according to described sample range, draws the forest in sample range
Strain number；
Stem-number computing unit, for determining the forest strain of described forest according to the stem-number in described sample range
Number.
Optionally, described forest information estimating module, specifically include:
Grating image sets up unit, for utilizing geodata management system to set up the grating image of non-ground points, described
Non-ground points is the point of the described echo-signal receiving described laser pulse；
Relation determination unit, for utilizing described grating image to determine the pass between described non-ground points and crown density
System；
Canopy density information determination unit, for determining canopy according to the relation between described non-ground points and canopy density
Degree information.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses techniques below effect: the present invention is by ground
Emission measurement laser pulse can reflection echo signal, by the echo-signal of reflection is analyzed so that it is determined that plant canopy model,
Forest information can be estimated according to plant canopy model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment
The accompanying drawing used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only some enforcements of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to according to these accompanying drawings
Obtain other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the forest information detection of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the system of the forest information detection of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the method for the estimation height of tree of the embodiment of the present invention three；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method for the estimation forest stem-number of the embodiment of the present invention four；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the method for the estimation forest crown density of the embodiment of the present invention five.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
It is an object of the invention to provide the method and system of a kind of forest information detection, it is possible to the growth letter of detection forest
Breath.
Understandable for enabling the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent from, real with concrete below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation to execute mode.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the forest information detection of the embodiment of the present invention one, as it is shown in figure 1, a kind of forest letter
The method of breath detection, including:
Step 101: to ground launch Laser Measurement pulse；
Step 102: receive described laser pulse and run into the echo-signal of barrier back reflection；
Step 103: determine described barrier and the vertical dimension on sensor levels direction according to described echo-signal；
Step 104: analyze the reflex strength in described echo-signal and echo number；
Step 105: determine plant canopy model according to described vertical dimension, described reflex strength and described echo number；
Step 106: estimate forest information according to described plant canopy model.
The present invention uses the method can set up plant canopy model and estimate the growth information of forest, it is not necessary to manually go exploration
The growing state of forest, is greatly saved human and material resources and financial resources.
Embodiment two
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the system of the forest information detection of the embodiment of the present invention two, as in figure 2 it is shown, a kind of forest letter
The system of breath detection, including:
Laser pulse emission module 201, for ground launch Laser Measurement pulse；
Echo signal reception module 202, runs into the echo-signal of barrier back reflection for receiving described laser pulse；
Vertical dimension determines module 203, for determining described barrier and sensor levels side according to described echo-signal
Vertical dimension upwards；
Echo-signal analyzes module 204, for analyzing the reflex strength in described echo-signal and echo number；
Plant canopy model determines module 205, for true according to described vertical dimension, described reflex strength and described echo number
Determine plant canopy model；
Forest information estimating module 206, estimates forest information for the model according to described tree crown.
The present invention uses this system module can quickly set up plant canopy model and estimate the growth information of forest.
Embodiment three
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the method for the estimation height of tree of the embodiment of the present invention three, as it is shown on figure 3, according in embodiment one
Plant canopy model carry out estimate the height of tree:
Step 301: forest is set up equal pitch contour；
Step 302: calculate equal pitch contour length；
Step 303: set threshold value and screen equal pitch contour and convert thereof into polygon；
Step 304: described polygon and described plant canopy model are fitted to new plant canopy model；
Step 305: calculate the described laser pulse echo-signal of all reflections vertical in described new plant canopy model
The range difference of distance and plane distance ground vertical dimension；
Step 306: using pip the shortest for described range difference as the height of tree.
The method is used can accurately to estimate the height of trees.
Embodiment four
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method for the estimation forest stem-number of the embodiment of the present invention four, as shown in Figure 4, according to reality
Execute the plant canopy model in example one to carry out estimating forest stem-number.
Step 401: determine sample range；
Step 402: scan for described sample range according to described plant canopy model, draws the forest strain in sample range
Number；
One similarity threshold is set, searches out, with described plant canopy model, there is the forest of certain similarity, all similar
The summation of tree crown number be stem-number.
Step 403: determine the stem-number of described forest according to the stem-number in described sample range.
The method is used can accurately to estimate the stem-number of trees.
Embodiment five
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the method for the estimation forest crown density of the embodiment of the present invention five, as it is shown in figure 5, according to
Plant canopy model in embodiment one carry out estimate tree crown canopy density information:
Described canopy density are the degree that tree crown covers ground, and it is the index of the reflection density of crop.
Step 501: utilizing geodata management system to set up the grating image of non-ground points, described non-ground points is laser
Impulse ejection is less than the point on ground；
Step 502: utilize described grating image to determine the relation between described non-ground points and crown density；
Step 503: determine crown density information according to the relation between described non-ground points and canopy density.
The method is used can accurately to estimate the canopy density information of tree crown.
In this specification, each embodiment uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment, identical similar portion sees mutually.For system disclosed in embodiment
For, owing to it corresponds to the method disclosed in Example, so describe is fairly simple, relevant part sees method part and says
Bright.
Principle and the embodiment of the present invention are set forth by specific case used herein, saying of above example
Bright method and the core concept thereof being only intended to help to understand the present invention；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the present invention, the most all will change.In sum, this specification content is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a forest information detection, it is characterised in that including:
To ground launch Laser Measurement pulse；
Receive described laser pulse and run into the echo-signal of barrier back reflection；
Described barrier and the vertical dimension on sensor levels direction is determined according to described echo-signal；
Analyze the reflex strength in described echo-signal and echo number；
Plant canopy model is determined according to described vertical dimension, described reflex strength and described echo number；
Forest information is estimated according to described plant canopy model.
2. the method for forest information detection as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described determine according to described echo-signal
Described barrier and the vertical dimension on sensor levels direction, specifically include:
Obtain the reflection duration of described echo-signal；
Obtain the spread speed of described laser pulse；
Barrier and the vertical dimension on sensor levels direction is calculated according to described reflection duration and described spread speed.
3. the method for forest information detection as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the described model according to described tree crown is estimated
Survey forest information, specifically include:
Set up equal pitch contour；
Calculate equal pitch contour length；
Set threshold value and screen equal pitch contour and convert thereof into polygon；
Described polygon and described plant canopy model are fitted to new plant canopy model；
Calculate described laser pulse in described new plant canopy model the vertical dimension of the echo-signal of all reflections and aircraft away from
The overhead range difference of vertical dimension；
Using pip the shortest for described range difference as the height of tree.
4. the method for forest information detection as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described estimate according to described plant canopy model
Forest information, specifically includes:
Determine sample range；
According to described plant canopy model, described sample range is scanned for, draw the stem-number in sample range；
The stem-number of described forest is determined according to the stem-number in described sample range.
5. the method for forest information detection as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the described model according to described tree crown is estimated
Survey forest information, specifically include:
Utilizing geodata management system to set up the grating image of non-ground points, described non-ground points is for receiving described laser arteries and veins
The point of the described echo-signal of punching；
Described grating image is utilized to determine the relation between described non-ground points and crown density；
Crown density information is determined according to the relation between described non-ground points and canopy density.
6. the system of a forest information detection, it is characterised in that including:
Laser pulse emission module, for ground launch Laser Measurement pulse；
Echo signal reception module, runs into the echo-signal of barrier back reflection for receiving described laser pulse；
Vertical dimension determines module, for determining described barrier and hanging down on sensor levels direction according to described echo-signal
Straight distance；
Echo-signal analyzes module, for analyzing the reflex strength in described echo-signal and echo number；
Plant canopy model determines module, for determining tree crown according to described vertical dimension, described reflex strength and described echo number
Model；
Forest information estimating module, estimates forest information for the model according to described tree crown.
7. the system of forest information detection as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described vertical dimension determines module, tool
Body includes:
Reflection duration acquiring unit, for obtaining the reflection duration of echo-signal；
Spread speed acquiring unit, for obtaining the spread speed of laser pulse；
Vertical dimension computing unit, for calculating barrier and sensor levels according to described reflection duration and described spread speed
Vertical dimension on direction.
8. the system of forest information detection as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described forest information estimating module, tool
Body includes:
Equal pitch contour sets up unit, is used for setting up equal pitch contour；
Equal pitch contour length computation unit, is used for calculating equal pitch contour length；
Converting unit, is used for setting threshold value and screening equal pitch contour converting thereof into polygon；
Fitting unit, for fitting to new plant canopy model by described polygon and described plant canopy model；
Range difference computing unit, for calculating described laser pulse echo-signal of all reflections in described new plant canopy model
The range difference of vertical dimension and plane distance ground vertical dimension；
The height of tree determines unit, is used for pip the shortest for described range difference as the height of tree.
9. the system of forest information detection as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described forest information estimating module, tool
Body includes:
Sample range determines unit, is used for determining sample range；
Search unit, for scanning for plant canopy model according to described sample range, draws the stem-number in sample range；
Stem-number computing unit, for determining the stem-number of described forest according to the stem-number in described sample range.
10. the system of forest information detection as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described forest information estimating module, tool
Body includes:
Grating image sets up unit, for utilizing geodata management system to set up the grating image of non-ground points, described non-ly
Cake is the described echo-signal receiving described laser pulse；
Relation determination unit, for utilizing described grating image to determine the relation between described non-ground points and crown density；
According to the relation between described non-ground points and canopy density, canopy density information determination unit, for determining that crown density is believed
Breath.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107870333A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-03 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of method of ground laser radar simulation angle gauge measure mean height |
| CN110297223A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-01 | 天津大学 | The method that pulse laser number of echoes visual inspection based on BP neural network is surveyed |
| CN115235440A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-10-25 | 四川大学 | Forest stand canopy density measuring method |
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