CN106248877A - A kind of tunnel steam humidity simulation device, tunnel environment quantify analog systems and method - Google Patents
A kind of tunnel steam humidity simulation device, tunnel environment quantify analog systems and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106248877A CN106248877A CN201610623549.5A CN201610623549A CN106248877A CN 106248877 A CN106248877 A CN 106248877A CN 201610623549 A CN201610623549 A CN 201610623549A CN 106248877 A CN106248877 A CN 106248877A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tunnel steam humidity simulation device, tunnel environment quantifies analog systems and method, and the former includes the water storage part for storing water source；Travel mechanism, is located at the bottom of water storage part to drive water storage part to move；Water vapor injection device, water vapor injection device includes the injector spray tip for spraying steam in tunnels mimic device, this injector spray tip is connected with water storage part by waterflow boosting equipment, by simulation tunnel true steam environmental characteristic, convenient in indoor can obtain the testing equipment sensitivity to vapour concentration, thus instruct tunnel structure face collecting device accessory type selecting and relevant parameter to adjust, improve reliability and the practicality of research and development equipment；Present configuration is simple, easy to operate, improves work efficiency, present invention eliminates and take actual tunnel on-site construction time, saves the financial resource and material resource resource during constructing tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnels mimic test, particularly relate to a kind of tunnel steam humidity simulation device, tunnel environment quantization
Analog systems and method.
Background technology
During tunnel and underground engineering construction, the structural plane to tunnel tunnel face and front geological structure is needed to make pre-
Surveying, artificial prediction can waste substantial amounts of manpower, financial resources, material resources, and this is accomplished by carrying out face camera-shooting scanning equipment further
Research and development improve.During tunnel construction, on the one hand due to tunnel geology reason, karst is relatively grown, Karst-fissure water or earth's surface
In water penetration can cause tunnel, dampness is serious.On the other hand, in work progress, air drill blast hole drilling also can form steam.Face
Camera-shooting scanning equipment is relatively big to tunnel environment moisture sensitivity, and in tunnel, working procedure is tight, is unfavorable for testing for a long time,
More meet engineering for experimental results actual, model need to be set and carry out the generation of steam in simulation tunnel.There is presently no a set of
Feasible tunnel steam analog systems is so building steam experimental system in simulation tunnel.
Additionally, in Tunnel Blasting engineering, easily produce a large amount of blasting dusts at operation side, therefore complicated to tunnel
Environment carry out detailed simulation, contribute to the environment in tunnel is effectively simulated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve that deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provide a kind of tunnel steam humidity simulation dress
Putting, this apparatus structure is simple, easy and simple to handle, be capable of tunnel steam humidity simulation, and this device is different in being easy to simulation tunnel
The simulation of operation steam in period feature, has practical significance, significant for carrying out the associated analog test in tunnel.
Additionally provide tunnel environment and quantify analog systems, by the use of this system, preferably realize constructing tunnel process
The simulation of the environment such as middle steam, dust, by acquisition camera-shooting scanning assay device to different steam, the sensitivitys of character dust,
Thus preferably instruct tunnel structure face collecting device accessory type selecting and relevant parameter to adjust, improve research and development equipment reliability and
Practicality.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
First technical scheme that the present invention provides is: a kind of tunnel steam humidity simulation device, including:
For storing the water storage part at water source；
Travel mechanism, is located at the bottom of water storage part to drive water storage part to move；
Water vapor injection device, water vapor injection device includes the injector spray tip for spraying steam in tunnels mimic device, should
Injector spray tip is connected with water storage part by waterflow boosting equipment.
The setting of above-mentioned steam humidity simulation device, may be implemented in the generation simulation of steam in simulation tunnel, is conducive to existing
Launch correlation test research in simulation tunnel, thus instruct actual tunnel engineering.
Further, described injector spray tip is provided with and is densely covered with several aciculiform holes, by the setting of aciculiform hole just
Generation in steam.
Further, the internal diameter of described hole is first gradually reduced and is gradually increased afterwards, is conducive to accelerating the formation of steam.
Further, in tunnels mimic device, it is provided with the garage's track for limiting described travel mechanism motion track,
The steam humidity simulation device mobile route in simulation tunnel is limited so that steam humidity simulation device by garage's track
At the uniform velocity back and forth movement in simulation tunnel, thus control being uniformly distributed of steam.
Another technical scheme that the present invention provides is: tunnel environment quantifies analog systems, including:
Simulation tunnel, in simulation tunnel, side arranges removable face falseface；
For obtaining the camera-shooting scanning assay device of tunnel tunnel face falseface image, being located in simulation tunnel, shooting is swept
Retouch assay device the original geological information of face is preserved, in order to tunnel tunnel face surrounding rock structure surface information is entered by the later stage
Row analyzing and processing；
The data acquisition unit of ambient parameter in gathering simulation tunnel, data acquisition unit includes steam Humidity Detection
Instrument and sensor of dust concentration；
For simulation the environment regulating device of scalable ambient parameter, this device is located in simulation tunnel；
Environment regulating device includes described tunnel steam humidity simulation device；
Control device, be located in simulation tunnel, this device and described camera-shooting scanning assay device, environment regulating device,
Steam humidity simulation device and data acquisition unit individually connect, and control device and control the movement of travel mechanism, above
Device may be contained within simulation tunnel, and control device is Programmable Logic Controller.
Quantified the setting of analog systems by above-mentioned tunnel environment, can in indoor convenient obtain camera-shooting scanning assay device,
The data acquisition unit sensitivity to vapour concentration, thus instruct tunnel structure face collecting device accessory type selecting and relevant parameter to adjust
Whole, improve reliability and the practicality of research and development equipment.
Camera-shooting scanning assay device is digital camera or imager or laser scanner, and these devices should adjust type selecting
And relevant parameter, to be more suitable for tunnel environment application；
Wherein, when simulation tunnel excavation, detection test, need to change the face simulation with different geologic feature
Face.
Further, described environment regulating device also includes brightness adjusting unit and dust regulation unit.
Further, described brightness adjusting unit includes that luminous component, luminous component are connected with power switch.
Dust regulation unit, including loading platform, loading platform surface is provided with rotating mechanism,
Dust ejector, the height adjustable of dust ejector；
Dust ejector includes dust cover, and the entrance of dust cover is connected with powder supplying mechanism by duff pipe, powder supplying mechanism and
Compressed-air power source connects, and is provided with suction section in dust cover exit, and dust cover is fixed on rotating mechanism by fixed mount,
The angle that the rotation of scalable fixed mount is set of rotating mechanism, thus control the direction blown.
For practical situation in more preferable simulation tunnel engineering, use the tunnel dust analog systems of the present invention so that dust
Cover jet face is the work surface that tunneling is constantly pushed ahead towards the scope of operation in tunnel, the scope of operation, includes abutment wall face, arch
End face and face falseface, can adjust dust injection direction, meets site operation environment, thus controls dust flowing road
Footpath, more conforms to tunnel spray anchor supporting operation, makes tunnel dust simulate more true effect.
Further, in order to preferably spray, described dust cover is tapered, and dust cover one end size is more than the other end
Size.
Further, described suction section is to be located at the impeller inducer of the big end of dust cover size, and lays steel wire and cover
At lid dust outlet, the blade of impeller inducer can Double-directional rotary, and the rotating speed that can regulate impeller inducer realizes the powder of variable concentrations
Dirt sprays, and can quickly realize dust concentration and be rapidly reached certain value, can reach according to actual blasting energy in the case of rotating speed is fast
Dust effect, selects the velocity magnitude of impeller inducer.
Impeller inducer only needs simple dynamical system, and such as electric motor starting, ultimate principle is identical with fan leaf rotation, controller with
Electric rotating machine connects, and controller controls the rotation of electric rotating machine, and then drives the rotation of impeller inducer.
Double-directional rotary is according to tunnel practical situation, and in tunnel, the actual generation controlling dust is possibly due to the tunnels such as explosion
In road, internal medium produces, it is furthermore possible that enter into inside outside tunnel, in order to realize simulation, water conservancy diversion more really
Impeller preferably can Double-directional rotary, electric rotating machine reversion can realize impeller inducer and rotates round about.
Further, described rotating mechanism is fixed on by described fixed mount in described dust ejector one end, another
Hold and jack is set between rotating mechanism to realize dust ejector jetting height adjustable.
Further, described rotating mechanism is that shell cladding is arranged on the bearing on described loading platform, rotating mechanism
Can rotate by horizontal 360-degree, the angle that regulation impeller inducer horizontal plane rotates, thus control the side that dust analog systems is blown
To and size.
Further, described powder supplying mechanism is built with artificial dust, and artificial dust includes mineral dust, free titanium dioxide
Silica soot and cement, mineral dust is used for the dust that simulation tunnel face explosion produces, free silicon dioxide dust, cement
It is used for simulating the dust that gunite concrete operation produces.
Tunnel Source of Dust also includes eolian dust, and generates because of the reason such as geologic process and geological transformation before exploitation
Dust, be present in the layer reason of rock mass, joint and crack；In addition, technique dust is also the main source of tunnel dust
One of, i.e. rock mass boring, abandon quarrel shipment, get rid of the danger during by rub, collide, dust that extruding etc. acts on and produces；In spray
Penetrating in concrete construction, high pressure draught blowout cement and fine sand also can produce a large amount of dust；In the present invention based on true environment and
The mechanism that above dust produces, selects the most artificial dust, preferably realizes simulating the dust in Tunnel Engineering.
Further, arranging travel mechanism in the bottom of described loading platform, loading platform is with four wheels, it is ensured that fortune
Balance during defeated, it is achieved moving freely of dust injection, improves its motility.
Further, described rotating mechanism is electric rotating machine, and tunnel dust analog systems also includes controller, controller with
Electric rotating machine, suction section individually connect.
Further, being provided with nozzle in described dust cover, nozzle is connected with described duff pipe.
Described tunnel environment quantifies the using method of analog systems, specifically comprises the following steps that
1) when simulation tunnel excavation, detection test, the face falseface with different geologic feature is changed；
2) data acquisition unit in real time monitor acquisition environment characteristic parameters (steam humidity, dust concentration and intensity of illumination) and
Feed back to control device；
3) control device and realize environment in simulation tunnel special by environment regulating device, tunnel steam humidity simulation device
Levy parameter to be adjusted, reach to simulate the environmental effect of true tunnel difference construction stage；
4) control device and control the characteristic of image acquisition device face, divide according to the characteristic of face
Analysis camera-shooting scanning assay device refers to tunnel to the sensitivity of varying environment characteristic parameter in tunnel, the characteristic of face
The picture rich in detail of face, can be readily available structural plane occurrence, spacing of structural planes, structural plane apparent dip etc. by picture rich in detail
Geologic feature, can select different scan test devices for different environment characteristic parameters according to this feature data.
Adopting with the aforedescribed process, the related data of collection is sent to control device by data acquisition unit, controls device control
Tunnel processed steam humidity simulation device regulation hydraulic pressure and the size of the water yield, to realize the regulation of vapour concentration in simulation tunnel, and
Analyze the camera-shooting scanning assay device sensitivity to varying environment in the process, thus in follow-up Practical Project, according to
The specific environment such as vapour concentration, dust concentration selects suitable photographic equipment (accessory type selecting and parameter select), meanwhile, dust
Simulated environment, further such that above-mentioned result of the test further conforms to Practical Project, improves camera-shooting scanning assay device to multiple
The accuracy of heterocycle border susceptibility test.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. by simulation tunnel true environment feature, and realized when constructing tunnel by each device, each ambient parameter
Simulation, can obtain digital camera or imager or laser scanner etc. to the sensitivity of varying environment characteristic parameter in tunnel
Degree, has directive significance to improving the reliability of equipment in practice of construction environment.
2., by simulation tunnel true steam environmental characteristic, convenient in indoor can obtain quick to vapour concentration of testing equipment
Perception, thus instruct tunnel structure face collecting device accessory type selecting and relevant parameter to adjust, improve research and development equipment reliability and
Practicality.
3. present configuration is simple, easy to operate, improves work efficiency, present invention eliminates and takies actual tunnel scene
Engineering time, save the financial resource and material resource resource during constructing tunnel.
4. face falseface is replaceable, it is achieved different geology tunnel excavations and the simulation of detection, meets more analog tunnel
Experiment demand in road, saves and takies actual tunnel on-site construction time, thus the financial resource and material resource money during saving constructing tunnel
Source；
5. the present invention is according to true environment in tunnel and dust mechanism of production, manual simulation tunnel dust, it is possible to preparation powder
Dirt grating and dust size, and convenient realization is to the regulation of dust concentration in tunnel.
6. the present invention passes through rotating mechanism and the setting of jack, can regulate dust injection direction with horizontal 360-degree, perpendicular
Straight elevation angle maximum can arrive a certain angle, strong adaptability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that dust of the present invention regulates cell schematics；
Fig. 3 is tunnel steam humidity simulation system overall schematic；
Fig. 4 is tunnel steam humidity simulation device；
Fig. 5 is water vapor injection device shower nozzle；
In figure, 1. control device；2. camera-shooting scanning test platform；3. artificial dust；4. brightness adjusting unit；5. humidity is adjusted
Joint unit；6. dust regulation unit；7. face falseface；8. powder supplying mechanism；9. duff pipe；10. dust cover；11. protective covers；
12. impeller inducers；13. rotating mechanisms；14. hydraulic jack；15. fixed mounts；16. loading platforms；17. water storage part；18. water deliverys
Pipeline；20. waterflow boosting equipment；21. water vapor injection devices；22. load wagons；23. garage's tracks；24. data acquisition units.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Whole description.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 3-Figure 4, a kind of tunnel steam humidity simulation device, including:
For storing the water storage part 17 at water source, this water storage part 17 may be disposed on a load wagon 22；
Travel mechanism, is located at the bottom of water storage part to drive water storage part to move, and travel mechanism is four wheels；
Water vapor injection device 21, water vapor injection device 21 includes the ejector spray for spraying steam in tunnels mimic device
Head, this injector spray tip is connected with water storage part 17 by waterflow boosting equipment (such as water flow supercharger) 20, aqueduct 18.
The setting of above-mentioned steam humidity simulation device, may be implemented in the generation simulation of steam in simulation tunnel, is conducive to existing
Launch correlation test research in simulation tunnel, thus be conducive to instructing actual tunnel engineering.
Described injector spray tip is provided with and is densely covered with several aciculiform holes, the internal diameter of described hole be first gradually reduced after gradually
Increase, be conducive to accelerating the formation of steam, be provided with in tunnels mimic device for limiting described travel mechanism motion track
Garage's track, limits the steam humidity simulation device mobile route in simulation tunnel by garage's track so that steam is wet
Degree analog at the uniform velocity back and forth movement in simulation tunnel, thus control being uniformly distributed of steam.
Embodiment 2
Tunnel environment quantifies analog systems, including:
Simulation tunnel, in simulation tunnel, side arranges removable face falseface 7；
For obtaining the camera-shooting scanning assay device of tunnel tunnel face falseface image, it is located in simulation tunnel；
The data acquisition unit 24 of ambient parameter in gathering simulation tunnel is as dense in steam Humidity Detection instrument and dust
Degree sensor；
For simulation the environment regulating device of scalable ambient parameter, this device is located in simulation tunnel；
Environment regulating device includes described tunnel steam humidity simulation device；
Control device, be located in simulation tunnel, this device and described camera-shooting scanning assay device, environment regulating device and
Steam humidity simulation device individually connects, and controls device and controls the movement of travel mechanism, and above device may be contained within mould
Intend, in tunnel, in tunnels mimic device, being provided with the garage's track 23 for limiting described travel mechanism motion track, passing through car
Row track 23 limits the steam humidity simulation device mobile route in simulation tunnel so that steam humidity simulation device is at mould
Intend in tunnel at the uniform velocity back and forth movement.
Described brightness adjusting unit includes that luminous component, luminous component are connected with power switch, and brightness adjusting unit is permissible
Regulation analog systems brightness, the brightness of different phase in simulation tunnel, test analysis scanning experimental provision is in different brightness conditions
The effect of lower acquisition face image.
Dust regulation unit 6 is by artificial dust 3, powder supplying mechanism 8, duff pipe 9, dust cover 10, protective cover 11, impeller inducer
12, rotating mechanism 13, hydraulic jack 14, fixed mount 15, loading platform 16 form.Produce according to true environment in tunnel and dust
Life is managed, manual simulation tunnel dust, is possible not only to prepare dust grating, regulates dust size, it is also possible to by carrying water conservancy diversion
Impeller 12 rotarily drives air flowing, regulation dust concentration distribution；Rotating mechanism 13 and hydraulic pressure a thousand pieces of gold top 8 can regulate powder simultaneously
Dust hood 10 direction, thus control dust flow path, more conform to tunnel spray anchor supporting operation, make tunnel dust simulation trueer
Actual effect fruit.
Described artificial dust 1 includes mineral dust, free silicon dioxide dust and cement etc., and mineral dust is used for mould
Intending the dust that tunnel tunnel face explosion produces, free silicon dioxide dust, cement are used for simulating what gunite concrete operation produced
Dust.In simulation process, the pre-proportioning of artificial dust can be carried out according to test needs；
Described powder supplying mechanism 8 has artificial dust 1 function of storage, uses antistatic material to make, can realize repeatedly loading；
Artificial dust 1 in powder supplying mechanism 8 can be transported to dust cover 10 by described duff pipe 9；
Described dust cover 10 by under high pressure producing artificial dust 1 through conduit supply nozzle, at powder supplying mechanism
In, artificial powder 1 is in the state of a kind of fluidisation, and this is realized by compressed-air actuated effect, and powder passes through rainbow afterwards
Suction effect by swiftly flowing air-flow with, formed powder gas mixing, through duff pipe 9, eventually arrive on nozzle, and adjust respectively
Whole powder and AIR Proportional, change powder outlet quantity, regulate concentration, the blade of impeller inducer can Double-directional rotary, control air pressure height, and
Its rotating speed can be regulated, according to the initial velocity of engineering realistic simulation dust injection；
The end that described dust cover size is big arranges impeller inducer 12, and lays steel wire cover and cover this end as protective cover 11
Portion, described protective cover 11 is meshy steel wire cover, and prevent from injuring under impeller inducer 12 high-speed rotation operator, has protection and makees
With；
Described impeller inducer 12 is made up of runner and the blade with certain deflection radian, and impeller inducer 12 sprays with dust
Device is coaxial, blade can Double-directional rotary, control air pressure height, the dust that dust cover 10 is ejected can be blown, and its turn can be regulated
Speed, according to the initial velocity of engineering realistic simulation dust injection；
Described rotating mechanism 13 can rotate by horizontal 360-degree, the angle that regulation impeller inducer 12 horizontal plane rotates, thus
Control direction and the size blown；
Hydraulic jack is obliquely installed, and the shell of one end and rotating mechanism is fixed, and the other end is solid with the bottom of dust cover 10
Fixed, can freely contract in described hydraulic pressure a thousand pieces of gold top 8, the angle of steeving of regulation dust cover 10, controls the dust injection side of vertical plane
To；
Described fixed mount 15 and dust cover 10 fixing device, as shown in Figure 2；
Described loading platform 16 is with four wheels, it is ensured that the balance in transportation, it is achieved freely moving of dust injection
Dynamic, improve its motility；
When using this device, one end that dust cover 10 size is big is arranged towards the scope of operation, and the scope of operation is that tunneling is continuous
The work surface pushed ahead, includes abutment wall face, vault face and face.
Tunnel environment quantifies the using method of analog systems, comprises the following steps:
1) when simulation tunnel excavation, detection test, the face falseface with different geologic feature is changed；
2) data acquisition unit is monitored acquisition environment characteristic parameters in real time and feeds back to control device；
3) control device and realize environment in simulation tunnel special by environment regulating device, tunnel steam humidity simulation device
Levy parameter to be adjusted, reach to simulate the environmental effect of true tunnel difference construction stage；
4) control device and control the characteristic of image acquisition device face, and analyzed by analysis and test device
Camera-shooting scanning assay device is to the sensitivity of varying environment characteristic parameter in tunnel.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a tunnel steam humidity simulation device, it is characterised in that including:
For storing the water storage part at water source；
Travel mechanism, is located at the bottom of water storage part to drive water storage part to move；
Water vapor injection device, water vapor injection device includes the injector spray tip for spraying steam in tunnels mimic device, this injection
Device shower nozzle is connected with water storage part by waterflow boosting equipment.
2. a kind of tunnel as claimed in claim 1 steam humidity simulation device, it is characterised in that described injector spray tip is provided with
It is densely covered with several aciculiform holes.
3. tunnel as claimed in claim 2 a kind of steam humidity simulation device, it is characterised in that the internal diameter of described hole first by
Tapered little after be gradually increased.
4. a kind of tunnel as claimed in claim 1 steam humidity simulation device, it is characterised in that set in tunnels mimic device
There is the garage's track for limiting described travel mechanism motion track.
5. tunnel environment quantifies analog systems, it is characterised in that including:
Simulation tunnel, in simulation tunnel, side arranges removable face falseface；
For obtaining the camera-shooting scanning assay device of tunnel tunnel face falseface image, it is located in simulation tunnel；
The data acquisition unit of ambient parameter in gathering simulation tunnel；
For simulation the environment regulating device of scalable ambient parameter, this device is located in simulation tunnel；
Environment regulating device includes the tunnel steam humidity simulation device according to any one of claim 1-4；
Control device, be located in simulation tunnel, this device and described camera-shooting scanning assay device, environment regulating device, steam
Humidity simulation device and data acquisition unit individually connect.
6. tunnel environment as claimed in claim 5 quantifies analog systems, it is characterised in that described environment regulating device also includes
Brightness adjusting unit and dust regulation unit.
7. tunnel environment as claimed in claim 6 quantifies analog systems, it is characterised in that described dust regulation unit includes dress
Carrying platform, loading platform surface is provided with rotating mechanism, dust ejector, the height adjustable of dust ejector；Dust ejector
Including dust cover, the entrance of dust cover is connected with powder supplying mechanism by duff pipe, and powder supplying mechanism is connected with compressed-air power source,
Being provided with suction section in dust cover exit, dust cover is fixed on rotating mechanism by fixed mount.
8. tunnel environment as claimed in claim 7 quantifies analog systems, it is characterised in that described dust ejector one end is passed through
Described fixed mount is fixed on described rotating mechanism, arranges jack and realize dust ejector between the other end and rotating mechanism
Jetting height is adjustable.
9. tunnel environment as claimed in claim 7 quantifies analog systems, it is characterised in that described powder supplying mechanism is built with manually
Dust, artificial dust includes mineral dust, free silicon dioxide dust and cement, and mineral dust is used for simulation tunnel area
The dust that face explosion produces, free silicon dioxide dust, cement are used for simulating the dust that gunite concrete operation produces.
10. the tunnel environment as according to any one of claim 5-9 quantifies the using method of analog systems, it is characterised in that
Specifically comprise the following steps that
1) when simulation tunnel excavation, detection test, the face falseface with different geologic feature is changed；
2) data acquisition unit is monitored acquisition environment characteristic parameters in real time and feeds back to control device；
3) control device to realize environmental characteristic in simulation tunnel is joined by environment regulating device, tunnel steam humidity simulation device
Number is adjusted, and reaches to simulate the environmental effect of true tunnel difference construction stage；
4) control device and control the characteristic of image acquisition device face, and imaged by analysis and test device analysis
Scan test device is to the sensitivity of varying environment characteristic parameter in tunnel.
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| JP2000055653A (en) * | 1998-08-06 | 2000-02-25 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for grasping tunnel heading face |
| CN101936182A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2011-01-05 | 河南理工大学 | System for simulating mine environment |
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| CN104296958A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-21 | 山东科技大学 | Coal mine underground PM2.5 concentration simulation detecting system |
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