CN106245696B - Scalable dredging system based on spiral operating type - Google Patents
Scalable dredging system based on spiral operating type Download PDFInfo
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- CN106245696B CN106245696B CN201610693364.1A CN201610693364A CN106245696B CN 106245696 B CN106245696 B CN 106245696B CN 201610693364 A CN201610693364 A CN 201610693364A CN 106245696 B CN106245696 B CN 106245696B
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- Prior art keywords
- dredging
- arm
- reamer
- hydraulic
- scalable
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/8833—Floating installations
- E02F3/8841—Floating installations wherein at least a part of the soil-shifting equipment is mounted on a ladder or boom
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/905—Manipulating or supporting suction pipes or ladders; Mechanical supports or floaters therefor; pipe joints for suction pipes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
- E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
- E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
- E02F3/9256—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head
- E02F3/9268—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head with rotating cutting elements
- E02F3/9275—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head with rotating cutting elements with axis of rotation parallel to longitudinal axis of the suction pipe
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of scalable dredging systems based on spiral operating type, the system mainly by it is on the hull that ship midship is located proximate to hull bottom part and for be dredge arm powered rotation rotating mechanism, it is formed for the hydraulic regulating mechanism that the working condition to arm of dredging is regulated and controled, and mounted in the reamer mechanism for arm tail end of dredging.Arm rotation of dredging is driven by disc rotary, it using regulation of hydraulic system dredges the length of arm simultaneously and adjustment is dredged the angle of arm and hull bottom base plane, to make reamer be moved along spiral trajectory, it is constantly changing dredging operation radius, it is final to realize rounded face domain dredging operation.Realization based on these functions, the design can increase the area of dredger single operation, reduce the frequent movement of dredger hull, reduce energy consumption, while improving dredging efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sludger, especially a kind of raising dredging efficiency, while reduce dredging efficiency based on spiral
The scalable dredging system of operating type.
Background technology
Dredger is a kind of engineering ship taking underwater silt and other sediment, be widely used in the construction of major port with
It safeguards, reclaim fields from the sea, the engineerings such as waterway dredging.18 big reports have been put forward for the first time construction " ocean power " strategy, to exploitation sea
Foreign resource safeguards that maritime rights and interests propose new requirement.2015, State Council printed and distributed《Made in China 2025》, by " ocean engineering
Equipment and high performance ship " will give priority to field in 10 years as future, and resource will be greatly developed by explicitly pointing out following 10 years countries
Utilization, operation on the sea Support Equipment and its critical system and special equipment improve ocean exploitation level, grasp emphasis
Corollary equipment is integrated, intelligent, modularized design manufactures core technology.The research of novel dredger is for exploitation ocean money
Source safeguards South Sea equity, economic development is pushed to be of great significance.
Current dredger mainly has drag suction dredger and cutter suction dredger.Drag suction dredger be using hull to
Preceding navigation drives drag head to do unidirectional linear motion and realizes dredging operation, needed in operation process operation back and forth with it is more
Secondary to turn hull, maneuvering performance requires high.Cutter suction dredger is swung around tail portion guide pile using hull, and reamer is driven
Fan-shaped dredging operation is carried out, needs hull to swing around stake in operation process, reduces security performance, increase energy
Consumption.The common drawback of two kinds of dredger dredging operation modes is：Single operation is dredged limited area, and working efficiency is relatively low.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：Dredging efficiency can be improved by providing one kind, while reduce energy consumption of dredging
The scalable dredging system based on spiral operating type
The present invention solves its technical problem and uses technical solution below：
Scalable dredging system provided by the invention based on spiral operating type, is mainly located proximate to by being mounted in ship midship
Rotating mechanism that is on the hull of hull bottom part and being used for the powered rotation for arm of dredging, for the work shape to arm of dredging
The hydraulic regulating mechanism that state is regulated and controled, and formed mounted in the reamer mechanism for arm tail end of dredging.
The rotating mechanism, mainly by gear, grooved tracks, rotating circular disk and two disk support arms and
Arm support arm of dredging forms, wherein：Gear is equipped with transmission gear, is meshed with the tooth on rotating circular disk；Grooved tracks
It is installed adjacent to hull bottom, and is located at ship midship position, makes rotating circular disk only around the vertical center axis rotation in its center of circle；Rotating circular disk
It is hinged with corresponding arm support arm of dredging respectively by two disk support arms；Two arm support arms of dredging are fixed on hydraulic regulating mechanism
In upper connection ring, the arm that enables to dredge is in vertical plane around trunnion axis rotation.
The rotating circular disk, center are provided with logical mud hole；Loose slot is provided with inside it, for hydraulic regulating mechanism
When two hydraulic stems regulate and control dredge arm and hull base plane angle, meets its own and move required steric requirements；Its
The lower part at edge be designed as with grooved tracks match and shape, so as to its can run well and be convenient for addition lubricating oil.
The hydraulic regulating mechanism is intelligent control mechanism, mounted in the outer rim and rotating mechanism of scalable arm of dredging
Rotating circular disk on loose slot and the upper end for arm of dredging between.
The hydraulic regulating mechanism is made of arm of dredging, upper connection ring, lower connection ring and two hydraulic stems, wherein：It digs
By being saved on arm of dredging, section pipe forms mud arm under section pipe, arm of dredging in pipe, arm of dredging, axial outside arm of dredging that the first liquid is distributed with
The top and bottom of compression bar, this first hydraulic stem are hinged and connected with upper connection ring, lower connection ring respectively, thus constitute hydraulic regulating
The telescopic part of mechanism, the length variation for arm of being dredged by the telescopic adjustment of the first hydraulic stem；The upper end of second hydraulic stem
It is hinged and connected respectively with the upper end for saving pipe inside the loose slot of rotating circular disk, on arm of dredging with lower end, thus constitutes angle regulation and control
Part, by the flexible of the second hydraulic stem, drive dredge arm in the vertical plane by arm of dredging around arm and the rotational circle of dredging
The tie point of disk rotates, to change the angle of dredge arm and hull bottom base plane.
The reamer mechanism, is mainly made of reamer, operating mechanism and driving mechanism, and reamer is mounted in arm end of dredging
On, underwater soil is moved away from into original position using the shear action of the reamer, and with neighbouring water be mixed to form mud in order to
Conveying.
The operating mechanism is used for the normal operation of reamer, is made of the reamer tooth of reamer seat and reamer, wherein：Hinge
Cutter tooth is made of high-speed steel and cemented carbide material；Reamer is straight fluted reamer or spiral cut reamer, by reamer seat mounted in digging
On the end of mud arm.
The driving mechanism, for dredge cutting movement and the external whole spiral motion track of reamer itself,
Wherein reamer therein is equipped with motor, which drives the cutting movement of dredging of reamer, by the gear of rotating mechanism
The power of generation realizes the whole spiral motion track of reamer via the transmission of rotating circular disk and coupling part, arm of dredging.
The above-mentioned scalable dredging system based on spiral operating type provided by the invention makes on dredger
Dredger can realize the dredging operation of rounded face domain.
The present invention by rotating mechanism rotation in application, drive arm rotation of dredging, while adjusting using hydraulic regulating mechanism
The length of arm of dredging and adjustment are dredged the angle of arm and hull bottom base plane, to make the reamer of reamer mechanism along spiral trajectory
Movement is constantly changing dredging operation radius and depth of dredging, and dredger hull need not move in this course of work, final to realize
The dredging operation of rounded face domain.
The present invention has major advantage below compared with prior art：
1. simplifying operating procedure, safety and economy are improved.
The power resources for replacing the movement of hull to be moved as reamer using the rotation for arm of dredging, are largely reduced
Or the movement in operation of main hull is avoided, operation consumption is reduced, while increasing hull during dredging operation
Security performance.
2. increasing single operation area, working efficiency is improved.
By hydraulic system applications in the variation regulation and control of dredge arm lengths and angle, the state for the arm that makes to dredge has the tune of bigger
Whole space, while meeting and expanding single and dredge range；For traditional cutter suction dredger is around guide pile sector operation,
The present invention uses spiral face operation, increases the area of single operation, improves the working efficiency of dredger to a certain extent,
We apply the dredging system on catamaran, and are compared with the cutter suction dredger of largest domestic " day whale number ", are estimated to take two
The relevant parameter of person：Reamer transverse moving speed v0=1m/s, dredger rolling average speed v=2m/s, single carry, fall a time tj
=18s, it is about 5100m that estimation, which obtains the dredging efficiency of the system,3/ h dredges more than the maximum of day whale dredger in this case
Efficiency 13.3%.
3. by hydraulic regulating mechanism, parameter regulation and control are carried out to rotary motion, hydraulic system, are realized indirectly to mud diging working
Allotment.Unified regulation and control are carried out by the stretching speed to hydraulic stem in gear drive speed and two sets of hydraulic systems, and are examined
Water environment is surveyed, path of dredging is planned, keeps dredging operation more intelligent, reduce artificial operation.
4. the power plant that rotating circular disk is rotated as arm of dredging, more traditional dredger can save the energy
Consumption, while improving dredging efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is intelligent control system flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram in spiral dredging operation path.
Fig. 3 is sludger expanded schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is sludger unfolded state vertical view.
Fig. 5 is that sludger withdraws placement status schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is sludger cross-sectional operational views.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that gear is combined with disk.
Fig. 8 is single-action hydraulic cylinder (left side) and double acting hydraulic cylinder (right side) structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is arm joint pipe partial schematic diagram of dredging.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram in dredging operation path.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of dredging system workflow.
Figure 12 is application schematic diagram (front view) of the dredging system on catamaran.
Figure 13 is application schematic diagram (axonometric drawing) of the dredging system on catamaran.
In figure：1. gear, 2. grooved tracks, 3. rotating circular disks, 4. logical mud holes, 5. hoses, 6. disk support arms, 7.
Upper connection ring, 8. first hydraulic stems, 9. dredge arm support arm, and 10., which dredge, saves pipe on arm, and 11., which dredge, saves pipe in arm, and 12. dredge arm
Lower section pipe, 13. times connection rings, 14. reamers, 15. second hydraulic stems, 16. loose slots, 17. transmission gears.18. sealing element
Specific implementation mode
Scalable dredging system provided by the invention based on spiral operating type, the rotating circular disk mainly driven by gear
Hydraulic arm, the hydraulic regulating mechanism composition for cooperateing with hydraulic-driven, arm rotation of dredging are driven by disc rotary, while utilizing hydraulic pressure
The angle of arm and hull bottom base plane that system adjustment dredges the length of arm and adjustment is dredged, to make reamer be transported along spiral trajectory
It is dynamic, it is constantly changing dredging operation radius, it is final to realize rounded face domain dredging operation.
With reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is further illustrated, but does not limit the present invention.
Scalable dredging system (can abbreviation dredging system) provided by the invention based on spiral operating type, structure is such as
Shown in Fig. 3-Fig. 7, position aboard ship is as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, mainly by being located proximate to the ship of hull bottom part mounted in ship midship
Rotating mechanism on body, for the hydraulic regulating mechanism that the working condition to arm of dredging is regulated and controled, and mounted in arm tail of dredging
The reamer mechanism at end forms.
The rotating mechanism, for the powered rotation for arm of dredging.The rotating mechanism is mainly by gear
1, grooved tracks 2, rotating circular disk 3, logical 4, two, mud hole disk support arm 6 and two arm support arms 9 of dredging form, wherein：Gear passes
Dynamic case 1 is made of transmission gear 17, which is meshed with the tooth on rotating circular disk 3.Grooved tracks 2 are installed adjacent to ship
The position at bottom, and it is located at ship midship, it is matched with rotating circular disk 3, limits the movement of rotating circular disk 3 as around the vertical by its center of circle
The rotary motion of central shaft.The rotating circular disk 3 is cut with scissors with corresponding arm support arm 9 of dredging respectively by two disk support arms 6
It connects, 9 lower end of arm support arm of dredging is fixed in the upper connection ring 7 of hydraulic regulating mechanism and has certain distance with it, enables arm of dredging
It is rotated in vertical plane around trunnion axis；Its center is provided with logical mud hole 4；It is provided with loose slot 16 inside it, is used for the second hydraulic stem
When 15 regulation and control dredge arm with hull base plane angle, meets its own and move required steric requirements；The lower part at its edge is set
In respect of match with grooved tracks 2 and shape wherein also allowing for addition lubricating oil, make the effect of lubrication so as to run well
Fruit can be longer, more effective.
The rotating mechanism, the course of work are：The transmission gear 17 of gear 1 by on rotating circular disk 3
Tooth be meshed, the power of power plant (diesel engine) is passed into rotating circular disk 3, while rotating circular disk in the form of peripheral force
3, which with its edge are located at the grooved tracks 2 on hull, matches and is rotated, and passes through arm support arm 9 and the second hydraulic stem of dredging
15 continue to pass motion to arm of dredging.The silt that the work of reamer 14 of reamer mechanism is excavated is managed via three sections of arm of dredging
Afterwards, it is handled or is stored by leading to the spoil hopper in mud hole 4, hose 5 into hull interior.
The hydraulic regulating mechanism is intelligent control mechanism, mounted in the outer rim and rotating circular disk 3 of scalable arm of dredging
On loose slot 16 and the upper end for arm of dredging between.The hydraulic regulating mechanism is by arm of dredging, upper connection ring 7,13 and of lower connection ring
Two hydraulic stem compositions, wherein：Dredging, by being saved on arm of dredging, section pipe 12 forms arm under section pipe 11, arm of dredging in pipe 10, arm of dredging,
Along dredge it is axial outside arm be distributed with the first hydraulic stem 8, the top and bottom of this hydraulic stem respectively with upper connection ring 7, lower connection
Ring 13 is hinged and connected, and is thus constituted the telescopic part of hydraulic regulating mechanism, is dredged by the telescopic adjustment of the first hydraulic stem 8
The length of arm changes.The top and bottom of second hydraulic stem 15 respectively with the inside of loose slot 16 on rotating circular disk 3, dredge on arm
The upper end of section pipe 10 is hinged and connected, and is thus constituted angle and is regulated and controled part, by the flexible of the second hydraulic stem 15, arm of dredging is driven to exist
It is rotated by the tie point around dredge arm and disk 3 in the vertical plane for arm of dredging, to change dredge arm and hull bottom base plane
Angle, in this rotation process, the second hydraulic stem 15 is also required to save the upper end fixed point rotation of pipe 10 on arm of dredging, therefore is revolving
Turn to be provided with loose slot 16 inside disk 3, does not limit the swing of the second hydraulic stem 15.Above-mentioned component connecting portion is mainly using hinged
Device carries out the swing around tie point.The articulated mounting is a kind of bindiny mechanism, can limit need to link together two
The displacement movement of component, but the swing of opposing connection tie point does not generate restriction；It is by the twisted branch seat, the part that are fixed in counterpart member
Articulated joint, high intensity stud constitute.
The reamer mechanism, for excavating soil.The reamer mechanism is the core work machine of traditional cutter suction dredger
Structure, we are primarily due to using reamer 14 compared to drag head, and the cutting theory of reamer disclosure satisfy that screw type dredging operation
It is required that and with the ability for excavating clay and hard soil.The reamer mechanism is mainly by reamer 14, operating mechanism and driving mechanism
Underwater soil is moved away from original position by composition, reamer 14 mounted in dredging on arm end, using the shear action of the reamer 14, and with
Neighbouring water is mixed to form mud in order to convey.
The operating mechanism is used for the normal operation of reamer, is made of the reamer tooth of reamer seat and reamer 14, wherein：
The reamer tooth of reamer 14 is a kind of tooth being made of high-speed steel and hard alloy, and reaming type is mostly straight fluted reamer and helicla flute hinge
Knife, reamer 14 are mounted in by reamer seat and are dredged on arm end.When power is transferred to reamer seat, while coordinating in 14 part of reamer
Portion's motor driving, makes reamer 14 rotate, and the reamer tooth synchronous rotary on reamer 14 cuts soil, realizes purpose of dredging.
The driving mechanism, dredge cutting movement and external whole helical trajectory fortune for reamer 14 itself
Dynamic, wherein reamer part therein is equipped with motor, can drive the cutting movement of dredging of supply reamer, is generated by gear-box
Power can be supplied to the whole spiral motion track of reamer via the transmission of rotating circular disk 3 and coupling part, arm of dredging.
Scalable dredging system provided by the invention based on spiral operating type, the course of work are as follows：
In the present invention, the basic principle of a whole set of dredging system is：It is rotated by hull gear, is provided for rotating circular disk 3
Power can be according to gear drive transmission ratio when the working gear, while passing through the feed speed of adjustment gear, sets rotational circle
The actual rotation speed of disk, then pass through coupling part (disk support arm 6, arm support arm 9 of dredging, the second hydraulic stem 15) and arm of dredging
Pass motion to reamer 14.The realization of spiral mode of dredging is constituted using by the hydraulic system based on the first hydraulic stem
Telescopic hydraulic system and the angle regulation and control hydraulic system that is made of the hydraulic system based on the second hydraulic stem complete to digging
The mechanical energy of prime mover is converted to the pressure energy of liquid using hydraulic pump by the conversion of mud arm state, this two kinds of hydraulic systems, is led to
The variation of liquid pressure energy is crossed to transmit energy, by the transmission of various control valves and pipeline, by means of hydraulic actuator (liquid
Cylinder pressure or motor) liquid pressure energy is converted to mechanical energy, to drive operating mechanism.Hydraulic stem along arm direction of dredging is stretched
Contracting makes to dredge section pipe axially movable, changes the length of entire arm of dredging, be adapted to the operation of different depth waters；Connection
The hydraulic stem of hull bottom and arm of dredging is flexible, and the angle of make to dredge arm and hull bottom and plane changes, and promotion dredges arm around disk
Central point is swung in vertical plane, while radius is dredged in change, but also the depth of reamer operation changes.Arm dredge in work
The angle with hull bottom base plane can be changed when making, its need of work cannot be met by rigidly fixing, therefore arm of dredging connects with disc centre
It meets place to design using hose 5, while hose 5 can reduce junction stress concentration caused by bending, ensures working condition
Under safety.
The technical solution of scalable dredging system provided by the invention based on spiral operating type, design is as follows：
(1) it is applicable in ship type：
The applicable ship type of the set dredging system mainly has catamaran and the bigger flatboat of the beam, because the whole series are dredged
The installation of system has the shape of hull certain requirement：Rotation including rotating circular disk 3 needs and the rotation for arm of dredging needs
It wants.
Thus when a whole set of dredging system is applied on catamaran, there are enough spaces to be supplied to rotation in the middle part of catamaran
Disk 3 and grooved tracks 2 mounting designs, can enable rotating circular disk carry out rotation fortune as needed in the horizontal plane
Dynamic, two slice shapes of catamaran are also required to carry out other design according to the extreme position for arm rotation of dredging, to arm of dredging
Rotation provide geometric space, as shown in Fig. 6, Figure 12, Figure 13.
(2) dredging system designs：
A. hydraulic system：
Dredging system is designed with two sets of hydraulic systems altogether --- telescopic adjustment hydraulic system and angular adjustment hydraulic system.For
It realizes and carries out operation in the waters of different depth and meet the requirement of face operation, the arm that will dredge is designed to telescopic shape
Formula regulates and controls the length for arm of dredging by telescopic adjustment hydraulic system.Dredge arm top utilize angular adjustment hydraulic pressure system
System connection rotating circular disk and dredge arm, controlling changing is dredged the angle of arm and disk base plane, to change area of dredging partly
Diameter.
To ensure hydraulic stem during elongation and shortening, liquid is constantly in pressured state, this project hydraulic system
It is designed using double acting hydraulic cylinder.Only toward the amount of liquid that the side input flow rate of cylinder is Q, piston work unidirectionally goes out single-action hydraulic cylinder
Power moves, and gravity, spring force or other external force are leaned in backhaul；Double acting hydraulic cylinder then respectively to the both sides input flow rate of cylinder be Q1
And Q2Amount of liquid, the positive counter-movement of piston completes by hydraulic coupling, and hydraulic cylinder concrete structure is as shown in Figure 8.
B. rotating circular disk：
Dredging system is designed with hull junction using rotating circular disk, is locked, that is, met by the design of grooved tracks 2
The requirement of dredging system rotation, and improve the security performance of dredging system and hull.Rotating circular disk passes through helical teeth Cylinder Gear
Wheel transmission is rotated, and gear drive is widely used drive method in transmission type.Transmitted between gear power and torque with
Achieve the purpose that transmit movement.Gear intermeshing is to transmit movement.There are many kinds of gear-driven types, and wherein helical teeth is justified
The efficiency of stud wheel is very high, for example, straight spur gear transmission efficiency be less than helical gears transmission.
C. it dredges arm configuration：
Arm of dredging is divided into three sections, often saves a length of 10m, total 30m.Due to there is opposite sliding between adjacent segments pipe, up and down
Section junction is sealed using associated seal and sealing device, and concrete structure schematic diagram is as shown in figure 9, with arm joint pipe of dredging
For 10 and 11, ensure that the silt taken can enter hull by arm of dredging, at the same ensure save pipe between can swimmingly into
Line slip and flexible.
Hermetic unit ensures 10 He of sealing surface generally using static seal and dynamic sealing principle using dynamic sealing principle
Normal opposite sliding between 11, the most commonly used is hydrodynamic oil films；The principle of the static seal used at endpoint is provided with corresponding close
Sealing 18, such as gasket ensure the infiltration leakage of hydrodynamic oil film.The two combines, and ensures that hydraulic arm completes normal telescopic process.
D. it dredges arm and disk attachment device：
Arm of dredging can change the angle with hull bottom base plane at work, its need of work cannot be met by rigidly fixing, therefore
Arm of dredging uses flange rubber hose design with disc centre junction, while rubber hose can reduce junction due to bending
Caused stress concentration ensures the safety under working condition.
Hose 5 of the present invention be rubber hose, have cleaning be easy, service life is long, hygroscopicity is low, ventilative
Property the advantages such as low, while rubber hose can also realize certain transparency, can visual monitoring internal liquid flowing, be also equipped with
High-temperature sterilization, autoclaved advantage.The fiber of the material synthesis of rubber hose replaces original cotton thread and cotton, and will be high
The steel wire of intensity is added in rubber hose.
E. lock rack device design：
After dredging operation, when arm of dredging contraction is placed in hull bottom, for ensure to dredge arm and the second hydraulic stem 15
Safety, devise lock rack device in hull bottom.Arm of dredging first is placed in hull using the tractive force contraction of hydraulic stem, later
It locks rack device from home position to start, two component integration lockings, and then the position of fixed arm of dredging, discharges junction hydraulic pressure system
The load of system, had not only avoided the fatigue rupture of angular adjustment hydraulic system, but also improved security performance when hull navigation.
The lock rack device is made of the lock stand and lock mounting ring that link together with hull bottom, wherein：Lock frame
Seat is by the rotary shaft composition at the groove profile space of two symmetrical semicircle indents and symmetry axis；It is identical by two to lock mounting ring
With width semicircular ring composition.When locking mounting ring and being closed, lock mounting ring is a diameter less times greater than saving pipe 12 under arm of dredging
The circle ring device of diameter；When arm contraction of dredging, which is placed in hull bottom, to be horizontally arranged, lock mounting ring is opened, connection ring and hinge under the arm that will dredge
Part fitting between knife is fixed, similar in arm housing of dredging, there are one annulus, annulus is locked mounting ring and pulled and supported by locking stand
It is fixed, give one upward pulling force of arm of dredging.
F. reamer 14 is selected：
Reamer 14 is the core work mechanism of cutter suction dredger, is moved away from underwater soil using the shear action of reamer
Original position is simultaneously mixed to form mud in order to convey with neighbouring water.
The present invention is using motor-driven reamer as dredging plant, the main reason is that compared to drag head, reamer is cut
It cuts theory and disclosure satisfy that screw type dredging operation requirement, and with the ability for excavating clay and hard soil.Motor drive with
Hydraulic-driven is compared, and motor driving can keep high load work without stall event, although this is because motor
Larger rotary inertia can be generated because of high speed rotation, flywheel effect occurs, but the long axis in transmission system is transmitted instead by torque
And influenced caused by offsetting flywheel effect, to keep high load to run well.On the other hand, reamer head during the cutting process,
Also it can provide a part power identical with the reamer direction of motion, be conducive to the operation of rotating device.
(3) hydraulic regulating mechanism：
A. coordinate control and realize spiral operation：
Spiral of Archimedes (archimedes curve), also known as " constant velocity spiral ".When a point P along dynamic ray OP with etc. rates
While movement, which is rotated with constant angular velocity around point O again, and the track of point P is known as " spiral of Archimedes ".The present invention
In, it is assumed that a diameter of a of reamer, work linear velocity are v0, depth of dredging h0(being determined by Larger water depths h and engineering objective), in soil
Xoy coordinate systems are established on surface, and reamer is projected as origin O earth surfaces, are x-axis along captain direction, and beam direction is y-axis.
Reamer is moved along spiral of Archimedes during the work time, as shown in Fig. 2, helix equation is：
R=a θ
In formula：R indicates that reamer arrives the distance of origin, and a indicates that screw pitch, i.e. reamer diameter, θ expression reamers are formed to origin
Angle.
In the course of work, the walked distance of reamer is equal to helix arc length, length, disk angular speed and the angle of the arm that obtains dredging
The length of degree hydraulic stem is all the function about t：
In formula：L indicates that the length of arm of dredging, r indicate reamer to the distance of origin, h0Expression is dredged depth, and a indicates screw pitch
(i.e. reamer diameter), θ indicate that the angle that reamer is formed to origin, w (t) indicate disk angular speed, v0Indicate reamer work linear speed
Degree, lyThe length of degree of a representation hydraulic stem, 2.5m indicate the distance that arm hinged place go to the bottom away from disk of dredging, 4m expression rotating hydraulic bars
Horizontal distance away from disc centre, r indicate reamer to the distance of origin.
By in formula it can be seen that, when device parameter determines, movement on three directions (the first hydraulic stem 8 it is flexible,
The rotation of rotating circular disk 3, the second hydraulic stem 15 stretch) all by h0To determine.Therefore when detecting Larger water depths h,
Show that the single-pass-spiral formula of sludger is dredged path, system control process is as shown in Figure 1.
B. working path is planned：
Detection operation waters parameter first obtains Larger water depths h and its shape, area as input quantity.It can by input quantity h
It is dredged area s with obtaining single-pass-spiral formula, exit spiral type dredging operation area can be planned in conjunction with the shape in defeated operation waters, area
Domain；Meanwhile system algorithm intelligent planning goes out the optimal path of ship motion.
The system algorithm is the detection feedback of actual job environment outside a set of combination, voluntarily adjusts each section work shape
The work system of state using the depth of water as representative, while considering the parameter in face domain of dredging, and adjustment is dredged arm lengths, dredge arm and hull
The working status parameter of the angle of base plane and the rotary speed (feed speed or transmission ratio of gear-box) of rotating circular disk 3,
The three known to the discussion of part before is the parameter of time, can simulate a set of function algorithm and obtain regulator control system.
During primary spiral dredging operation, stretched by disc rotary, arm of dredging, angle hydraulic stem control function is assisted
With regulation and control, output quantity disk rotational angular speed w, arm lengths of dredging l and angle hydraulic pressure pole length l are obtainedy.Intelligence control system by
Output quantity w, l, lyHelical gears motor and HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM element manipulation are controlled respectively, realize disk rotational and hydraulic pressure
The coordinated of system, completes primary spiral dredging operation, and flow is as shown in Figure 1.
After the completion of primary spiral dredging operation process, ship motion control function provides output quantity ship motion bow to angle
ψ, displacement distance L.Hull controls propeller according to output quantity ψ, L and side propeller works, as shown in Figure 1, being transported along planning path
It moves to designated position and continues to dredge.This project team is by taking rectangular area as an example, to region dredging operation path planning such as Figure 10 institutes
Show, the figure grey area spiral dredging operation region of expression, thin arrow indicates that (Ru Weihai makes in exposed waters operation in Figure 10
Ground) ship motion path, block arrow indicates in the ship motion path of specific bodies of water operation (such as harbour desilting) in Figure 10.
The work tune of the detection and acquisition of entire process input quantity of dredging, dredging operation regional planning and a whole set of sludger
Control is completed by hydraulic regulating mechanism, is finally realized to specific bodies of water dredging operation (the specific harbour of such as water environment)
Whole intelligent control.
Claims (9)
1. the scalable dredging system based on spiral operating type, it is characterized in that being mainly located proximate to hull bottom part by being mounted in ship midship
Hull on and for be dredge arm powered rotation rotating mechanism, adjusted for the working condition to arm of dredging
The hydraulic regulating mechanism of control, and formed mounted in the reamer mechanism for arm tail end of dredging；
The rotating mechanism, mainly by gear（1）, grooved tracks（2）, rotating circular disk（3）And two disk branch
Arm（6）With arm support arm of dredging（9）Composition, wherein：Gear（1）Equipped with transmission gear（17）, with rotating circular disk（3）On
Tooth be meshed；Grooved tracks（2）It is installed adjacent to hull bottom, and is located at ship midship position, makes rotating circular disk（3）Only around its center of circle
Vertical center axis rotation；Rotating circular disk（3）Pass through two disk support arms（6）Respectively with corresponding arm support arm of dredging（9）It is hinged；
Two arm support arms of dredging（9）It is fixed on the upper connection ring of hydraulic regulating mechanism（7）On, the arm that enables to dredge is in vertical plane around water
Flat shaft rotation is dynamic.
2. the scalable dredging system according to claim 1 based on spiral operating type, it is characterised in that the rotation
Turn disk（3）, center is provided with logical mud hole（4）；Loose slot is provided with inside it（16）, it is used for the second hydraulic pressure of hydraulic regulating mechanism
Bar（15）When regulating and controlling to dredge arm and hull base plane angle, meets its own and move required steric requirements；Its side
The lower part of edge is designed as and grooved tracks（2）Matched shape, so that it can run well and be convenient for adding lubricating oil.
3. the scalable dredging system according to claim 1 based on spiral operating type, it is characterised in that the liquid
Regulating and controlling mechanism is pressed, is intelligent control mechanism, mounted in the outer rim of scalable arm of dredging and the rotating circular disk of rotating mechanism（3）On
Loose slot（16）Between the upper end for arm of dredging.
4. the scalable dredging system according to claim 3 based on spiral operating type, it is characterised in that the liquid
Regulating and controlling mechanism is pressed, by arm of dredging, upper connection ring（7）, lower connection ring（13）It is formed with two hydraulic stems, wherein：Arm dredge by digging
Pipe is saved on mud arm（10）, pipe is saved in arm of dredging（11）, pipe is saved under arm of dredging（12）Composition axial outside arm is distributed with the along dredging
One hydraulic stem（8）, the top and bottom of this first hydraulic stem respectively with upper connection ring（7）, lower connection ring（13）It is hinged and connected, by
This constitutes the telescopic part of hydraulic regulating mechanism, passes through the first hydraulic stem（8）Telescopic adjustment dredge arm length variation；
Second hydraulic stem（15）Top and bottom respectively with rotating circular disk（3）Loose slot（16）Pipe is saved on internal, arm of dredging（10）
Upper end be hinged and connected, thus constitute angle regulate and control part, pass through the second hydraulic stem（15）It is flexible, drive arm of dredging is passing through
Dredge arm vertical plane in around arm and the rotating circular disk of dredging（3）Tie point rotation, it is flat to change dredge arm and hull bottom base
The angle in face.
5. the scalable dredging system according to claim 1 based on spiral operating type, it is characterised in that the hinge
Cutter mechanism, mainly by reamer（14）, operating mechanism and driving mechanism composition, reamer（14）On arm end of dredging, this is utilized
Underwater soil is moved away from original position by the shear action of reamer, and is mixed to form mud with neighbouring water in order to convey.
6. the scalable dredging system according to claim 5 based on spiral operating type, it is characterised in that the work
Make mechanism, is used for reamer（14）Normal operation, by reamer seat and reamer（14）Reamer tooth composition, wherein：Reamer tooth is by height
Fast steel and cemented carbide material are made；Reamer（14）For straight fluted reamer or spiral cut reamer, arm of dredging is mounted in by reamer seat
End on.
7. the scalable dredging system according to claim 5 based on spiral operating type, it is characterised in that the drive
Motivation structure is used for reamer（14）Dredge cutting movement and the external whole spiral motion track, wherein reamer of itself（14）
Therein is equipped with motor, which drives the cutting movement of dredging of reamer, by the gear of rotating mechanism（1）It generates
Power is via rotating circular disk（3）And the transmission of coupling part, arm of dredging, realize reamer（14）Whole helical trajectory fortune
It is dynamic.
8. the application of any scalable dredging system based on spiral operating type in claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that
The scalable dredging system makes dredger realize rounded face domain dredging operation on dredger.
9. application according to claim 8 utilizes simultaneously it is characterized in that driving arm rotation of dredging by rotating mechanism rotation
The angle of arm and hull bottom base plane that hydraulic regulating mechanism adjusts the length for arm of dredging and adjustment is dredged, to make reamer mechanism
Reamer is moved along spiral trajectory, is constantly changing dredging operation radius and depth of dredging, dredger hull in this course of work
It need not move, it is final to realize rounded face domain dredging operation.
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| CN107435720A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-05 | 吴烈 | Driving joint, power arm and Versatile Construction Machinery |
| CN110056029A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-07-26 | 中船第九设计研究院工程有限公司 | A kind of combination drive-type dredging carriage |
| CN110044593B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-09-29 | 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Hob head test method for trailing suction hopper dredger |
| CN110044592B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-09-29 | 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Hob head test system of trailing suction hopper dredger |
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| US3956834A (en) * | 1971-11-04 | 1976-05-18 | Mcwatters William Andrew | Dredge ladder shock mounting arrangements |
| CN204098107U (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-14 | 刘建伟 | Strand suction channel cleanout device |
| CN204298866U (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-04-29 | 饶宾期 | Water sludge draw-out device |
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