CN106244827A - The smelting endpoint of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system and method - Google Patents
The smelting endpoint of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106244827A CN106244827A CN201610803499.9A CN201610803499A CN106244827A CN 106244827 A CN106244827 A CN 106244827A CN 201610803499 A CN201610803499 A CN 201610803499A CN 106244827 A CN106244827 A CN 106244827A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
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Abstract
The smelting endpoint that the invention discloses a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system and method.This system includes electric furnace, determines oxygen determinator, data acquisition unit and arithmetical unit；Determine oxygen determinator and be positioned at the top of described electric furnace, including Determining oxygen probe, survey rifle and lift actuator；Described data acquisition unit is connected with described Determining oxygen probe by being arranged on the wire surveyed in rifle, is used for collecting and record dense oxygen difference electromotive force information and temperature information, and is transferred to described arithmetical unit；Arithmetical unit is connected with data acquisition unit, is used for calculating oxygen gesture, and compared with the threshold values in the data base of arithmetical unit, to judge smelting endpoint.The method includes: 1) measure temperature, dense oxygen difference electromotive force；2) oxygen gesture is calculated；3) smelting endpoint is judged.The present invention need not blowing out and gathers under conditions of slag specimen carries out component analysis, can accurately, quickly judge smelting endpoint, and stable, shorten the heat about 30min, significantly improves production efficiency, applied widely.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to titanium slag electric furnace and smelt automatic control technology field, be specifically related to the smelting of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove
Endpoint system and method.
Background technology
Titanium is a kind of strategic resource, and titanium-containing materials is all widely used in each department of national defence and national economy.Metal
Titanium has important use at aspects such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, navigation, medical treatment；Titanium dioxide is mainly used in chemical industry, weaving, medical treatment, food
In field.China's titanium resource is the abundantest, and explored titanium resource 9.65 hundred million tons is (with TiO2Meter, as follows), account for World Titanium money
The 38.85% of source, has the reserves 6.30 hundred million tons of economic use value the most at present, accounts for the 45.59% of the similar reserves in the world.Gold
Belonging to titanium and the production of titanium dioxide, be both needed to the enrichment process through titaniferous ore → rich-titanium material, high titanium slag is the main product of rich-titanium material
Product form.Therefore, the production of high titanium slag is the starting point prepared of titanium-containing materials and basic.
China started just to research and develop the Technology of smelting titanium slag with electric stove from the fifties in last century, titanium slag smelting
Refining endpoint is exactly one of one of them key technology.The smelting endpoint smelted, namely titanium slag taste (mainly TiO2, FeO
Content) reach moment of production requirement.The at present titanium slag factory judgement to titanium slag smelting endpoint, mainly according to continuous smelting 3h with
On, power consumption overrate, melting enters high current stabilization phase about 1h, and electrode position fluctuation is less and tends towards stability and waits manually
Experience.Actual production and theoretical research find, judges smelting endpoint according to above-mentioned knowhow, this and field worker
The problems such as experience and duty have close relationship, there is smelting endpoint hit rate low, production stability difference.Additionally smelt
The defective meeting of process titanium slag grade is examined, so in order to increase titanium slag grade qualification rate, many times will blowing out sample, profit
With chemical analysis method, it is carried out component analysis, thus judge to smelt whether reach smelting endpoint.This process required time
Length, means are loaded down with trivial details, serious reduction titanium slag production efficiency.
Therefore, how to develop and a set of can judge smelting endpoint accurately and rapidly, improve production efficiency, product matter
The smelting endpoint of the smelting titanium slag with electric stove of amount judges system, becomes the technical problem that those skilled in the art are urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
For deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides the smelting endpoint of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove to judge system
System and method, to solve the problems such as the smelting endpoint judgement of existing titanium slag factory is the longest, means are loaded down with trivial details, production stability is poor.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The smelting endpoint of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system, including for smelting titanium slag electric furnace, determine oxygen measure dress
Put, data acquisition unit and arithmetical unit: described oxygen determinator of determining is positioned at the top of described electric furnace, including Determining oxygen probe, surveys rifle
And lift actuator；This survey rifle is vertically arranged, and lower end is connected with described Determining oxygen probe, and upper end is connected with described lift actuator；
Described lift actuator moves back and forth at vertical direction for driving described survey rifle.Described survey rifle is hollow pipe, described
Data acquisition unit is connected with described Determining oxygen probe by the wire being arranged in this hollow pipe, is used for collecting and record and described determines oxygen
The dense oxygen difference electromotive force information of probe mensuration and temperature information, and it is transmitted to described arithmetical unit；Described arithmetical unit and described number
Connect according to harvester, be used for calculating oxygen gesture, and by it compared with the information in the data base of arithmetical unit, to judge to smelt eventually
Point.Described electric stove tops is provided with detection conduit, enters to complete calibrating with for described Determining oxygen probe.
Further, described Determining oxygen probe includes high temperature resistant sand body, for examining and determine dense oxygen difference electromotive force and the detection head of temperature；
Described high temperature resistant sand body in a tubular form, is installed with wire inside it, the upper end of this described high temperature resistant sand body is provided with connector, is used for
Formed with the lower end of described survey rifle and removably connect；Described detection head is fixed on the lower end of this high temperature resistant sand body.
Further, described detection head includes protection set, dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube and temperature detective tube；Described protection
The set tubular in open at one end, its blind end is fixed on the lower end of described high temperature resistant sand body, the opening of this tubular down and
It is provided with sealant, so that this cylindrical interior forms protection chamber；Described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube is in the hollow tube sealed
Shape, is additionally provided with vertical platinum filament in this dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube, and the lower end of this platinum filament is positioned at the calibrating of this dense oxygen difference electromotive force
The centre of pipe, its upper end passes described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube, and is connected with the wire being arranged in high temperature resistant sand body；?
It is also filled with Cr and Cr inside described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube2O3Powder, as negative pole Cr/Cr2O3Reference electrode；Described
Dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube be embedded on described sealant, described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube top is positioned at described protection
In chamber, bottom is positioned at outside protection chamber；Described temperature detective tube is the U-tube that bending section is arranged below, and of this U pipe is straight
The length of pipe is more than another, and the longest straight tube is long tube, and shorter straight tube is short tube；The upper end of described long tube is positioned at institute
In the protection chamber stated；The upper end of described short tube is fixed in described sealant；Described U pipe is provided with thermocouple, this heat
One end of galvanic couple passes and penetrates from the tube wall of short tube described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube, is connected to one with described platinum filament
Rise；The other end of this thermocouple passes from the top of long tube, and is connected with the wire being arranged in high temperature resistant sand body.
Further, the body of dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube is ZrO2-CaO makes, and described temperature detective tube is by boron nitride
Making, described sealant is made up of aluminium oxide；Described protection chamber is filled with high temperature resistant cement.
Further, described data acquisition unit is apparatus for determination of oxygen table analysis instrument；Described arithmetical unit is computer.
Further, outside described survey rifle, it is coated with CE paper tube, surveys rifle with protection.
A kind of smelting endpoint determination methods of smelting titanium slag with electric stove, the method smelting based on above-mentioned smelting titanium slag with electric stove
Endpoint system, comprises the following steps:
1) measure temperature, dense oxygen difference electromotive force: 1h before tradition smelting cycle terminates, start lift actuator and drive survey rifle edge
Vertical direction is fallen into electric furnace from detection conduit, makes detection head insert below slag surface 200～300mm, measures more than 10 groups
Temperature, dense oxygen difference electromotive force information be transferred to described data acquisition unit, described data acquisition unit is collected and records described
Dense oxygen difference electromotive force information that Determining oxygen probe measures and temperature information be transferred to described arithmetical unit.
2) oxygen gesture is calculated: use arithmetical unit titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model respectively to organize temperature, dense oxygen difference electromotive force letter to receive
Breath carries out Continuous plus to obtain the titanium slag oxygen gesture value of corresponding number, as measuring point.
3) smelting endpoint is judged: by step 2) measuring point that obtains compares, when extremely with the threshold range of storage in data base
When rare 5 measuring point continuous-stables are in threshold range, i.e. can determine whether to reach smelting endpoint.
Further, step 2) described in the formula of titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model be:
In formula, E is oxygen concentration potential, and unit is V, dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube record；R is gas constant, 8.314J/
(K·mol)；T is thermodynamic temperature, and unit is K, temperature detective tube record；F is Faraday constant, 96485C/mol；
For titanium slag partial pressure of oxygen to be measured, i.e. titanium slag oxygen gesture, dimensionless；For negative pole Cr/Cr2O3Reference electrode partial pressure of oxygen, by reference electrode
Material determines, for certain value；Pe is electron hole conductive features partial pressure of oxygen.
Wherein, the calculating formula of Pe is:
lgPe=-73.63+0.031/T.
Further, step 1) described in measure the predetermined group temperature of number, the operation of dense oxygen difference electromotive force information is: work as electric furnace
When interior temperature is 1600 DEG C～1800 DEG C, measuring predetermined group number is 15 groups；Surveying start by set date lift actuator drives survey rifle along perpendicular
Nogata, to detection head being inserted below slag surface 200～300mm and keeping 7s～9.5s, then starts lift actuator and drives
Survey rifle vertically to move upward, detection head is taken out from detection conduit；Front 30min carries out the most above-mentioned behaviour at interval of 6min
Make；After 30min, carry out an aforesaid operations at interval of 3min.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that
1, detection accuracy is high.The present invention be assembled with Determining oxygen probe survey rifle as detection means, complete titanium slag smelt after
Phase closes on the collection of smelting endpoint process data, computing, storage, thus replace artificial experience to judge smelting endpoint, compared with tradition
Determination methods, the present invention can improve smelting endpoint hit rate.
2, production stability is good, and efficiency is high.Due to the system and method for the present invention, need not blowing out power-off when detection,
Thus ensure that the stability of production, also improve production efficiency；Meanwhile, the present invention can accurately judge smelting endpoint, it is possible to
Substantially shorten smelting cycle, improve titanium slag production efficiency.
3, safety is high.The system and the detection method that there is provided due to the present invention need not manually detect, thus avoid
People's operation in high temperature environments, improves safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system schematic；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Determining oxygen probe；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of detection head；
Fig. 4 is titanium slag oxygen gesture and the graph of a relation of the duration of heat in embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is titanium slag oxygen gesture and the graph of a relation of the duration of heat in embodiment 2.
In accompanying drawing: 1 electric furnace；2 flip-arms；3 storage rooms；4 survey rifle；5 lift actuator；7 apparatus for determination of oxygen tables
Analyser；8 Determining oxygen probes；9 detection conduits；10 computers；11 protective covers；110 sealants；111 protection chambeies；
12 temperature detective tubes；121 thermocouples；13 high temperature resistant sand bodies；14 CE paper tubes, 15 dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tubes；
151 platinum filaments；16 connectors.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
One, the smelting endpoint of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system, as it is shown in figure 1, include the electricity for smelting titanium slag
Stove 1, determine oxygen determinator, data acquisition unit and arithmetical unit；Described oxygen determinator of determining is positioned at the top of described electric furnace 1, bag
Include Determining oxygen probe 8, survey rifle 4 and lift actuator 5；This survey rifle 4 is vertically arranged, and lower end is connected with described Determining oxygen probe 8, upper end with
Described lift actuator 5 connects；Described lift actuator 5 moves back and forth at vertical direction for driving described survey rifle 4；Described
Survey rifle 4 be hollow pipe, described data acquisition unit is by the wire that is arranged in this hollow pipe with described Determining oxygen probe 8 even
Connect, for collecting and record dense oxygen difference electromotive force information and the temperature information that described Determining oxygen probe 8 measures, and be transmitted to described
Arithmetical unit；Described arithmetical unit is connected with described data acquisition unit, is used for calculating oxygen gesture, and by its data base with arithmetical unit
Information compares, to judge smelting endpoint；Described electric furnace 1 top is provided with detection conduit 9, enters with for described Determining oxygen probe 8
Enter calibrating.
The lifting distance of described lift actuator 5 preferably controls within 500mm, it is ensured that survey rifle 4 elevating movement control accuracy
± 10mm, this is conducive to accurately controlling Determining oxygen probe 8 and probes into the degree of depth of slag when detection, thus ensures the standard of verification result
Really.Described lift actuator 5 can use the shuttle apparatus of various routine, such as cylinder, spiral lifting instrument, electro-hydraulic servo control
Device processed, crank connecting link structure etc..For improving control accuracy further, PLC control system can be used described lift actuator 5
It is controlled.
As optimization, as in figure 2 it is shown, described Determining oxygen probe 8 includes high temperature resistant sand body 13, for examining and determine dense oxygen difference electromotive force
Detection head with temperature；Described high temperature resistant sand body 13 in a tubular form, is installed with wire inside it, this described high temperature resistant sand body 13 upper
End is provided with connector 16, removably connects for being formed with the lower end of described survey rifle 4；Described detection head is fixed on this resistance to height
The lower end of temperature sand body 13.
Determining oxygen probe 8 (is probeed into titanium slag with surveying flimsy part when 4 points of points of two sections of designs of rifle are easy to change at any time use
In part), advantageously reduce cost, save maintenance time.
As optimization, as it is shown on figure 3, described detection head includes protection set, dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 and temperature inspection
Fixed tube 12；The described protection set tubular in open at one end, its blind end is fixed on the lower end of described high temperature resistant sand body 13, should
The opening of tubular down and is provided with sealant 110, so that this cylindrical interior forms protection chamber 111.So can make dense oxygen
Difference electromotive force detective tube 15 is placed in the coupling part of temperature detective tube 12 in protection chamber 111 avoids it directly to contact with slag, this
Be conducive to improving the reliability of its service life and connection.
Described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 is in the hollow tube shape sealed, in this dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 also
Being provided with vertical platinum filament 151, the lower end of this platinum filament 151 is positioned at the centre of this dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15, and its upper end passes
Described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15, and be connected with the wire being arranged in high temperature resistant sand body 13；At described dense oxygen difference electricity
Gesture detective tube 15 is internal is also filled with Cr and Cr2O3Powder, as negative pole Cr/Cr2O3Reference electrode；Described dense oxygen difference electromotive force
Detective tube 15 is embedded on described sealant 110, and described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 top is positioned at described protection chamber 111
In, bottom is positioned at outside protection chamber 111.When measuring, dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 forms galvanic element knot with the titanium slag of molten state
Structure, can accurately detect out dense oxygen difference electromotive force, and its accuracy of detection can reach 2mv.
The U-tube that described temperature detective tube 12 is arranged below for bending section, the length of a straight tube of this U pipe is more than
Another, the longest straight tube is long tube, and shorter straight tube is short tube；The upper end of described long tube is positioned at described protection chamber
In 111；The upper end of described short tube is fixed in described sealant 110；Described U pipe is provided with thermocouple 121, this thermoelectricity
One end of even 121 passes and penetrates described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 from the tube wall of short tube, with described platinum filament 151 even
It is connected together；The other end of this thermocouple 121 passes from the top of long tube, and with the wire being arranged in high temperature resistant sand body 13 even
Connect.This temperature being able to synchronously measure the titanium slag of molten state, thus combine titanium slag oxygen gesture and the temperature of titanium slag, more
Accurately judging that smelting endpoint, the certainty of measurement of thermocouple 121 is higher in addition, and up to 0 DEG C～4 DEG C, this is also beneficial to improve and surveys
Fixed accuracy.
Additionally, be additionally provided with protective cover 11 below sealant 110, this protective cover 11 is the cylinder of upper end open, opening
Place is connected with sealant 110, for protecting dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 and temperature detective tube 12 to be positioned at below sealant 110
Part, i.e. test section.When detection, take down protective cover 11, when depositing, protective cover 11 is loaded onto, be so conducive to protecting dense oxygen poor
Electromotive force detective tube 15 and temperature detective tube 12.
As optimization, the body of described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube 15 is ZrO2-CaO makes, described temperature calibrating
Pipe 12 is made up of resistant to elevated temperatures boron nitride material, and described sealant 110 is made up of aluminium oxide；Described protection chamber 111 is filled out
It is filled with high temperature resistant cement.
As optimization, described data acquisition unit is apparatus for determination of oxygen table analysis instrument 7；Described arithmetical unit can use single-chip microcomputer
Module, it is possible to use computer 10；The advantage using computer 10 is while calculating oxygen gesture, can be directly perceived by display
Ground, synchronously demonstrate data and figure, it is simple to operator observe and judge, furthermore, it is possible to data base is directly installed
In computer 10, it is simple to adjust；Further, it is also possible to computer 10 is connected with other equipment by network, the most permissible
Realize chain control and the remotely operation of each system, be conducive to improving automaticity further.
As optimization, described survey rifle 4 is outside is coated with CE paper tube 14, to improve the heat-resisting ability surveying rifle 4, thus prolongs
The long service life surveying rifle 4.
Additionally, native system can also include being arranged on Determining oxygen probe 8 storage and transportation apparatus surveyed between rifle 4 and electric furnace 1, it includes
Storage room 3 and flip-arm 2；Described storage room 3 is the casing of one end open, for depositing described Determining oxygen probe 8；This casing
One end relative with opening is fixed on hinge, and formation is rotatably connected；Described flip-arm 2 is positioned at the opening of described casing
Lower section, is provided with the clamp device for gripping described Determining oxygen probe 8；Described flip-arm 2 opening away from described casing
One end of mouth is fixed on another hinge, and formation is rotatably connected.
Before using, overturn storage room 3, Determining oxygen probe 8 is poured out from storage room 3 and is placed in flip-arm 2, on flip-arm 2
Clamp device clamp Determining oxygen probe 8, and be turned into vertical position, start lift actuator 5 drive survey rifle 4 vertically to
Lower motion, makes to survey on rifle 4 in Determining oxygen probe 8 grafting.
Two, the smelting endpoint determination methods of a kind of smelting titanium slag with electric stove, the method is based on above-mentioned smelting titanium slag with electric stove
Smelting endpoint judges system, comprises the following steps:
1) measure temperature, dense oxygen difference electromotive force: 1h before tradition smelting cycle terminates, start lift actuator 5 and drive survey rifle 4
Vertically fall into electric furnace 1 from detection conduit 9, make detection head insert below slag surface 200～300mm, measure predetermined
The group temperature of number, dense oxygen difference electromotive force information are also transferred to described data acquisition unit, and described data acquisition unit is collected and record
Dense oxygen difference electromotive force information that described Determining oxygen probe 8 measures and temperature information be transferred to described arithmetical unit；
2) oxygen gesture is calculated: use arithmetical unit the titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model temperature of predetermined group of number to receiving, dense oxygen poor
Electromotive force information carries out Continuous plus to obtain the titanium slag oxygen gesture value of corresponding number, as measuring point；Can also synchronously draw oxygen
Gesture-time-tendency graph, this facilitates look at the time dependent situation of oxygen gesture, is also beneficial to judge that oxygen gesture is the most stable.
3) judge smelting endpoint: by step 2) in the measuring point that obtains and data base the threshold range of storage (threshold values is usual
The average measured for laboratory many experiments) compare, when at least 5 measuring point continuous-stables are in threshold range, i.e.
Stable 4.538 × 10-8～7.355 × 10-8During pa, i.e. can determine whether to reach smelting endpoint.
The formula of the titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model described in wherein: step 2) is:
In formula, E is oxygen concentration potential, and unit is V, dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube record；R is gas constant, 8.314J/
(K·mol)；T is thermodynamic temperature, and unit is K, temperature detective tube record；F is Faraday constant, 96485C/mol；
For titanium slag partial pressure of oxygen to be measured, i.e. titanium slag oxygen gesture, dimensionless；For negative pole Cr/Cr2O3Reference electrode partial pressure of oxygen, by reference electrode
Material determines, for certain value；Pe is electron hole conductive features partial pressure of oxygen.
The calculating formula of Pe is:
lgPe=-73.63+0.031/T.
As optimization, step 1) described in measure the predetermined group temperature of number, the operation of dense oxygen difference electromotive force information is: work as electric furnace
When 1 in-furnace temperature is 1600 DEG C～1800 DEG C, measuring predetermined group number is 15 groups；Survey start by set date lift actuator 5 and drive survey rifle 4
Vertically detection head is inserted below slag surface 200～300mm (to contain according to the titanium slag recorded and ferrum water oxygen
Measure difference and the temperature difference adjust) and keep 7s～9.5s, then start lift actuator 5 and drive survey rifle 4 the most upwards to transport
Dynamic, detection head is taken out from detection conduit 9；Front 30min carries out an aforesaid operations at interval of 6min；After 30min, at interval of
3min carries out an aforesaid operations.
When titanium slag is smelted, along with the carrying out smelted, FeO is constantly reduced into metallic iron.In this process, titanium slag oxygen
Gesture, temperature all constantly change along with the reduction of FeO.When close to smelting endpoint, FeO reduction reaches capacity, titanium slag oxygen
Gesture slowly tends to be steady, and fluctuates minimum.I.e. when titanium slag oxygen gesture become the most steady almost unchanged time, smelt when also reaching smelting endpoint
Carve.Therefore, oxygen gesture can be as the important evidence judging titanium slag smelting endpoint.Above-mentioned mathematical model calculates by computer 10
Completing, computer 10 at set intervals, automatically obtains the data that Determining oxygen probe 8 collects, founding mathematical models, carries out titanium
The Continuous plus of slag oxygen gesture, and result of calculation is continuously displayed in user interface, instruct titanium slag smelter to carry out smelting endpoint and sentence
Disconnected, shorten the heat about 30min, improves production efficiency, reduces cost.
Three, embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt and judge that system and method judges that 85 type titanium slag electric furnaces are smelted eventually with the smelting endpoint of above-mentioned smelting titanium slag with electric stove
Point:
The mass percent of primary raw material (ilmenite concentrate) chemical composition is 47.09%TiO2, 34.64%FeO, 5.89%
MgO, 3.53%SiO2, 1.57%CaO, 1.7%Al2O3, 5.52%Fe2O3, the mass percent of ilmenite concentrate granularity is configured to: big
Accounting for 4.77% in 0.074mm, 0.074～0.045mm accounts for 37.98%, accounts for 57.25% less than 0.045mm；By above-mentioned titanium
Concentrate is mixed homogeneously with coke powder and Colophonium 100:11:7 in mass ratio, pressure ball, is dried in adding electric furnace after 4h and smashes at 105 DEG C
Real；Graphite electrode is fallen, energising by machinery.Control the duration of heat at about 150min, fluctuate as 120min～
180min；
1) 1h before tradition smelting cycle terminates, when electric furnace in-furnace temperature is 1600 DEG C～1800 DEG C, measures predetermined group
Number is 15 groups；Surveying start by set date lift actuator 5 drives survey rifle 4 vertically detection head to be inserted below slag surface 200
～300mm keep 7s～9.5s, then start lift actuator 5 and drive and survey rifle 4 and vertically move upward, head will be detected
Take out from detection conduit 9；
Front 30min carries out an aforesaid operations at interval of 6min；After 30min, carry out the most above-mentioned behaviour at interval of 3min
Make.
2) temperature of the titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model predetermined group of number to receiving, dense oxygen difference electromotive force information is used arithmetical unit to enter
Row Continuous plus is to obtain the titanium slag oxygen gesture value of corresponding number, as measuring point；Computer 10 is synchronously drawn oxygen gesture-time and is become
Gesture figure, and continuously display titanium slag oxygen gesture, the relevant parameter of temperature or trendgram in user interface, as shown in Figure 4；
3) by step 2) measuring point that obtains and the threshold range (4.538 × 10 of storage in data base-8～7.355 × 10-8Pa) compare, from fig. 4, it can be seen that oxygen gesture is stable 4.557 × 10 after the 8th data point-8About pa is constant, thus sentences
Disconnected smelting reaches smelting endpoint.
4) stop electric furnace smelting, pour out molten iron and titanium slag, carry out subsequent smelting operation.
Finishing slag after above-mentioned smelting is carried out chemical composition analysis, result display TiO2, Ti2O3 total content is about
84.79%, it is seen that the smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove of the present invention judges that system and method can judge to smelt accurately and rapidly
Terminal, thus obtain producing required product.
Embodiment 2
Adopt and judge that system and method judges that 74 type titanium slag electric furnaces are smelted eventually with the smelting endpoint of above-mentioned smelting titanium slag with electric stove
Point:
The mass percent of primary raw material (ilmenite concentrate) chemical composition is 46.82%TiO2, 34.52%FeO, 5.66%
MgO, 3.23%SiO2, 0.842%CaO, 1.0%Al2O3, 6.10%Fe2O3, the mass percent of ilmenite concentrate granularity is configured to :+
0.084mm about 3.77%, 0.084～0.042mm about 35.98% ,-0.042mm about 60.25%；By above-mentioned ilmenite concentrate and coke powder
With the Colophonium mix homogeneously of 100:11:7 in mass ratio, pressure ball, it is dried at 105 DEG C in adding electric furnace after 4h and consolidates；Pass through machine
Tool device falls graphite electrode, energising.Control the duration of heat at about 150min, fluctuate as 120min～180min；
1) 1h before tradition smelting cycle terminates, when electric furnace in-furnace temperature is 1600 DEG C～1800 DEG C, measures predetermined group
Number is 15 groups；Surveying start by set date lift actuator 5 drives survey rifle 4 vertically detection head to be inserted below slag surface 200
～300mm keep 7s～9.5s, then start lift actuator 5 and drive and survey rifle 4 and vertically move upward, head will be detected
Take out from detection conduit 9；
Front 30min carries out an aforesaid operations at interval of 6min；After 30min, carry out the most above-mentioned behaviour at interval of 3min
Make.
2) temperature of the titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model predetermined group of number to receiving, dense oxygen difference electromotive force information is used arithmetical unit to enter
Row Continuous plus is to obtain the titanium slag oxygen gesture value of corresponding number, as measuring point；Computer 10 is synchronously drawn oxygen gesture-time and is become
Gesture figure, and continuously display titanium slag oxygen gesture, the relevant parameter of temperature or trendgram in user interface, as shown in Figure 5；
3) by step 2) measuring point that obtains and the threshold range (4.538 × 10 of storage in data base-8～7.355 × 10-8Pa) compare, from fig. 5, it can be seen that oxygen gesture is stable 6.775 × 10 after the tenth data point-8About pa is constant, thus sentences
Disconnected smelting reaches smelting endpoint.
4) stop electric furnace smelting, pour out molten iron and titanium slag, carry out subsequent smelting operation.
Finishing slag after above-mentioned smelting is carried out chemical composition analysis, result display TiO2、Ti2O3Total content is about
73.79%, it is seen that the smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove of the present invention judges that system and method can judge to smelt accurately and rapidly
Terminal, thus obtain producing required product.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is described, and is not the enforcement to the present invention
The restriction of mode.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also be made other not on the basis of the above description
Change and variation with form.Here cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive.Every belong to technical scheme
That is amplified out obviously changes or changes the row still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the smelting endpoint of a smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system, it is characterised in that includes the electric furnace for smelting titanium slag, determine
Oxygen determinator, data acquisition unit and arithmetical unit；
Described oxygen determinator of determining is positioned at the top of described electric furnace, including Determining oxygen probe, surveys rifle and lift actuator；This survey rifle
Being vertically arranged, lower end is connected with described Determining oxygen probe, and upper end is connected with described lift actuator；Described lift actuator is used for carrying
Dynamic described survey rifle moves back and forth at vertical direction；
Described survey rifle is hollow pipe, and described data acquisition unit determines oxygen spy by the wire being arranged in this hollow pipe with described
Head connects, and for collecting and record dense oxygen difference electromotive force information and the temperature information that described Determining oxygen probe measures, and is transmitted to
Described arithmetical unit；Described arithmetical unit is connected with described data acquisition unit, is used for calculating oxygen gesture, and by itself and the data base of arithmetical unit
In information compare, to judge smelting endpoint；
Described electric stove tops is provided with detection conduit, enters to complete calibrating with for described Determining oxygen probe.
The smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 1 judges system, it is characterised in that described determines oxygen
Probe includes high temperature resistant sand body, for examining and determine dense oxygen difference electromotive force and the detection head of temperature；Described high temperature resistant sand body in a tubular form, its
Inside is installed with wire, and the upper end of this described high temperature resistant sand body is provided with connector, is formed removable for the lower end with described survey rifle
Unload connection；Described detection head is fixed on the lower end of this high temperature resistant sand body.
The smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 2 judges system, it is characterised in that described detection
Head includes protection set, dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube and temperature detective tube；The described protection set tubular in open at one end, it is closed
End is fixed on the lower end of described high temperature resistant sand body, and the opening of this tubular down and is provided with sealant, so that in this tubular
Portion forms protection chamber；
Described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube, in the hollow tube shape sealed, is additionally provided with perpendicular in this dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube
Straight platinum filament, the lower end of this platinum filament is positioned at the centre of this dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube, and its upper end passes described dense oxygen difference electromotive force
Detective tube, and be connected with the wire being arranged in high temperature resistant sand body；It is also filled with inside described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube
Cr and Cr2O3Powder, as negative pole Cr/Cr2O3Reference electrode；Described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube is embedded in described sealant
On, described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube top is positioned in described protection chamber, and bottom is positioned at outside protection chamber；
Described temperature detective tube is the U-tube that bending section is arranged below, and the length of a straight tube of this U pipe is more than another
Individual, the longest straight tube is long tube, and shorter straight tube is short tube；The upper end of described long tube is positioned in described protection chamber；Institute
The upper end stating short tube is fixed in described sealant；Being provided with thermocouple in described U pipe, one end of this thermocouple is from short tube
Tube wall pass and penetrate in described dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube, link together with described platinum filament；This thermocouple another
One end passes from the top of long tube, and is connected with the wire being arranged in high temperature resistant sand body.
The smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 3 judges system, it is characterised in that dense oxygen difference electromotive force
The body of detective tube is ZrO2-CaO makes, and described temperature detective tube is made up of boron nitride, and described sealant is by aluminium oxide
Make；Described protection chamber is filled with high temperature resistant cement.
The smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 1 judges system, it is characterised in that described data
Harvester is apparatus for determination of oxygen table analysis instrument；Described arithmetical unit is computer.
The smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 2 judges system, it is characterised in that described survey rifle
Outside is coated with CE paper tube, surveys rifle with protection.
7. the smelting endpoint determination methods of a smelting titanium slag with electric stove, it is characterised in that the method is based on described in claim 3
The smelting endpoint of smelting titanium slag with electric stove judges system, comprises the following steps:
1) measure temperature, dense oxygen difference electromotive force: 1h before tradition smelting cycle terminates, start lift actuator and drive survey rifle along vertically
Direction is fallen into electric furnace from detection conduit, makes detection head insert below slag surface 200～300mm, measures the temperature of more than 10 groups
Degree, dense oxygen difference electromotive force information are also transferred to described data acquisition unit, and described data acquisition unit is collected and recorded and described determines oxygen
The dense oxygen difference electromotive force information and temperature information measured of popping one's head in also is transferred to described arithmetical unit；
2) calculate oxygen gesture: use arithmetical unit titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model to receive respectively organize temperature, dense oxygen difference electromotive force information is entered
Row Continuous plus is to obtain the titanium slag oxygen gesture value of corresponding number, as measuring point；
3) smelting endpoint is judged: by step 2) measuring point that obtains compares with the threshold range of storage in data base, when at least 5
When individual measuring point continuous-stable is in threshold range, i.e. can determine whether to reach smelting endpoint.
The smelting endpoint determination methods of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step 2) in institute
The formula of the titanium slag oxygen gesture mathematical model stated is:
In formula, E is oxygen concentration potential, and unit is V, dense oxygen difference electromotive force detective tube record；R is gas constant, 8.314J/ (K
mol)；T is thermodynamic temperature, and unit is K, temperature detective tube record；F is Faraday constant, 96485C/mol；For treating
Survey titanium slag partial pressure of oxygen, i.e. titanium slag oxygen gesture, dimensionless；For negative pole Cr/Cr2O3Reference electrode partial pressure of oxygen, by reference electrode material
Determine, for certain value；Pe is electron hole conductive features partial pressure of oxygen.
The smelting endpoint determination methods of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the calculating formula of Pe
For:
lgPe=-73.63+0.031/T.
The smelting endpoint determination methods of smelting titanium slag with electric stove the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step 1) institute
Measuring of stating makes a reservation for the group temperature of number, the operation of dense oxygen difference electromotive force information is: when electric furnace in-furnace temperature is 1600 DEG C～1800 DEG C
Time, measuring predetermined group number is 15 groups；Surveying start by set date lift actuator drives survey rifle vertically detection head to be inserted slag
Below surface 200～300mm and keep 7s～9.5s, then start lift actuator and drive and survey rifle and the most upwards transport
Dynamic, detection head is taken out from detection conduit；
Front 30min carries out an aforesaid operations at interval of 6min；After 30min, carry out an aforesaid operations at interval of 3min.
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