CN106244757A - The pyrolysis of a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block and reduction reaction system and method - Google Patents

The pyrolysis of a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block and reduction reaction system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106244757A
CN106244757A CN201610819103.XA CN201610819103A CN106244757A CN 106244757 A CN106244757 A CN 106244757A CN 201610819103 A CN201610819103 A CN 201610819103A CN 106244757 A CN106244757 A CN 106244757A
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China
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reduction
pyrolysis
district
temperature
rotary hearth
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CN201610819103.XA
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Inventor
宋文臣
王静静
李红科
曹志成
薛逊
吴道洪
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/10Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
    • C21B13/105Rotary hearth-type furnaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B23/00Obtaining nickel or cobalt
    • C22B23/02Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
    • C22B23/023Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt

Abstract

The present invention relates to chemical industry metallurgical field, be specifically related to a kind of System and method for utilizing the pyrolysis of lateritic nickel ore block and reduction reaction.For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes pyrolysis and the reduction reaction system and method for a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block, realizes pyrolysis and the reduction melting of lateritic nickel ore block of coal during lateritic nickel ore coal-based direct reduction.In this system, lateritic nickel ore block directly enters stove, shortens the operation such as molding and drying process, reduces energy consumption.Semicoke after pyrolysis continues to participate in the direct reduction reactor of lateritic nickel ore in rotary hearth furnace and obtains being reduced directly product.This system can realize the pyrolysis of coal at lateritic nickel ore Direct Reduction, the petroleum resources making preciousness is reclaimed, increase the side-product of rotary hearth furnace coal-based DR process, and, the fume afterheat that furnace interior produces can effectively be recycled, thus, it is achieved that environmental protection, indirectly reduce process energy consumption and cost.

Description

The pyrolysis of a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block and reduction Response system and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical industry metallurgical field.In particular it relates to one utilize lateritic nickel ore block pyrolysis and The System and method for of reduction reaction.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the exhausted of high-grade nickel sulfide ore and the fast development of domestic rustless steel industry, low-grade laterite Nickel minerals has become as the primary raw material producing ferro-nickel product.In order to solve the Rational Utilization of lateritic nickel ore, with lateritic nickel ore For raw material, coal dust is reducing agent, uses direct-reduction process that the ferrum in Ore and nickel have been reduced into metallic iron and metallic nickel, then warp Superfusion point or mill choosing make nickel be enriched in ferro-nickel product.
Now, coal-based DR process has multiple, and wherein, owing to rotary hearth furnace reduction technique has, equipment is simple, operation Easily, with short production cycle, response speed fast, advantages of environment protection, so rotary hearth furnace reduction technique has caused widely Pay close attention to.The ultimate principle of rotary hearth iron making is that the high temperature of flame is passed by radiation by being positioned at the burning of the flat flame burner of furnace sidewall To the pelletizing on bed of material surface, the metal-oxide in carbonaceous pelletizing is made at high temperature to be reduced, heating energy source many employings natural gas, Cracked gas, coke-stove gas, coal gas of converter and coal gas etc., energy sources is quite varied.Use rotary hearth furnace equipment DRI (DRI) technique mainly comprises the steps that and Iron Ore Powder is mixed homogeneously with reducing agent coal dust, is pressed into carbonaceous pelletizing ore deposit, dries; Dry carbonaceous pelletizing is layered on rotary hearth furnace equably, make carbonaceous pelletizing reduced zone in rotary hearth furnace (temperature up to 1300 DEG C~1400 DEG C) in be reduced 15min ~ 30min, i.e. can get the direct-reduction product that degree of metalization is more than 85%. Rotary hearth furnace equipment is for the advantage producing DRI, reduction temperature is high, the time is short, furnace charge is relative with furnace bottom holding static not Dynamic, thus avoid the problems such as rotary kiln, fluid bed bonding, shaft furnace dross.Chinese patent CN 102212636A discloses one The iron smelting method that point stove melts point is melted in kind of lateritic nickel ore rotary hearth furnace coal-based direct reduction combustion gas, by lateritic nickel ore and coal and flux Pelletizing after mixing, dry bulb carries out direct-reduction and obtains being reduced directly product, is reduced directly product feeding coal in being distributed into rotary hearth furnace Gas is made the molten point stove of regenerative gas of fuel and is carried out molten point, finally gives nickelic dilval.
But, existing rotary hearth furnace processes in lateritic nickel ore technology and yet suffers from some problems.On the one hand, reduction coal is at laterite Nickel minerals rotary hearth furnace Direct Reduction only serves reduction mineral and the effect of part supply heat, self preciousness Petroleum resources does not obtain more efficiently utilization;On the other hand, because lateritic nickel ore block enters stove and can cause cigarette in rotary hearth furnace Dust quantity is excessive, thus blocks burner impact and produce, so the material molding to be first passed through entering stove, dried etc. are a series of additional Treatment process, increases energy consumption.Therefore, existing rotary hearth furnace process lateritic nickel ore technology is further improved.
Summary of the invention
Process in lateritic nickel ore technology for existing rotary hearth furnace and do not account in Direct Reduction reclaims reduction coal Petroleum resources and can not realize block and enter the present situation of stove, the present invention proposes a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type laterite nickel The pyrolysis of nugget material and reduction reaction system and method, realize coal during lateritic nickel ore coal-based direct reduction pyrolysis and The reduction melting of lateritic nickel ore block.In this system, lateritic nickel ore block directly enters stove, shortens the work such as molding and drying process Sequence, reduces energy consumption.Semicoke after pyrolysis continues to participate in the direct reduction reactor of lateritic nickel ore in rotary hearth furnace and is reduced directly Product.This system can achieve the pyrolysis of coal at lateritic nickel ore Direct Reduction, makes the petroleum resources of preciousness be reclaimed, Add the side-product of rotary hearth furnace coal-based DR process, and, the fume afterheat that described rotary hearth furnace furnace interior produces can Effectively to be recycled, thus, this system achieves environmental protection, indirectly reduces process energy consumption and cost.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The invention provides pyrolysis and the reduction reaction system of a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block, It is characterized in that including: dispensing mixing device, there is pyrolysis and the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function, oil gas dust arrester, petroleum vapor recovery Device, slag sluicing system device and fume dust remover, wherein:
Described dispensing mixing device includes: lateritic nickel ore entrance, reduction coal entrance, additive entrance and mixing block outlet, uses In lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and additive are carried out dispensing mixing treatment, obtain mixing block;
Described have pyrolysis and the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function includes: the most adjacent feed zone, dry thermal cracking district, low-temperature reduction District, high temperature reduction district and discharge zone, wherein, described dry thermal cracking district is respectively and between described feed zone, described low-temperature reduction district Being provided with partition wall, being provided with barricade, described partition wall and described barricade between described high temperature reduction district and described discharge zone is all by described The roof of rotary hearth furnace downwardly extends, and keeps certain intervals with the cloth tray of described rotary hearth furnace;Wherein, described dry thermal cracking district and It is provided with inside the furnace wall in described low-temperature reduction district and multiple adds heat pipe, for described dry thermal cracking district and described low-temperature reduction district are entered Row adds heat pipe mode and heats;Described high temperature reduction district is provided with multiple burner inside furnace wall, for carrying out described high temperature reduction district Burner mode heats;Described feed zone furnace wall is provided with mixing block entrance, and furnace wall, described dry thermal cracking district is provided with and adds heat pipe High-temperature dust removal smoke inlet and pyrolysis oil gas vent, furnace wall, described low-temperature reduction district is provided with and adds heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet Exporting with high-temperature flue gas, furnace wall, described discharge zone is provided with direct-reduction product exit, and described mixing block entrance is mixed with described Close block outlet to be connected;
Described oil gas dust arrester includes: dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas entrance and dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent, described dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas Entrance is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent of described rotary hearth furnace, carries out dust removal process for dust-laden is pyrolyzed oil gas entrance, is removed Dirt pyrolysis oil gas;
Described device for recovering oil and gas includes: dedusting pyrolysis oil gas entrance, tar outlet and gas outlet, described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas Entrance is connected with described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent, for being collected and separating treatment by described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas, in order to Obtain tar and combustion gas;
Described slag sluicing system device includes: direct-reduction product inlet, ferro-nickel product outlet and tailings outlet, described direct-reduction Product inlet is connected with described direct-reduction product exit, for described direct-reduction product is carried out slag sluicing system process, To ferro-nickel product and tailings;
Described fume dust remover includes: high-temperature flue gas entry and high-temperature dust removal exhanst gas outlet, described high-temperature flue gas entry and institute The high-temperature flue gas outlet stating rotary hearth furnace is connected, and for high-temperature flue gas is carried out dust removal process, obtains high-temperature dust removal flue gas, described height Temperature dedusting exhanst gas outlet respectively with described dry thermal cracking district and described low-temperature reduction district add heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet phase Even, it is used for described high-temperature dust removal flue gas as the thermal source adding heat pipe, the dry thermal cracking district of heating rotary hearth furnace and low-temperature reduction district Material.
Inventor finds, system structure according to embodiments of the present invention is simple, and easy to operate, lateritic nickel ore block directly enters Stove, shortens the operation such as molding and drying process.Semicoke after pyrolysis continues to participate in directly going back of lateritic nickel ore in rotary hearth furnace Former reaction obtains being reduced directly product.This system can achieve the pyrolysis of coal at lateritic nickel ore Direct Reduction, makes preciousness Petroleum resources reclaimed, add the side-product of rotary hearth furnace coal-based DR process, and, in described rotary hearth furnace body The fume afterheat that portion produces can effectively be recycled, thus, this system achieves environmental protection, indirectly reduces process energy consumption And cost.
According to embodiments of the invention, described in there is pyrolysis and restoring function the horizontal cross-section of rotary hearth furnace be annular, The annulus angle 60-150 in described dry thermal cracking district.
According to embodiments of the invention, described in there is pyrolysis and restoring function the horizontal cross-section of rotary hearth furnace be annular, The annulus angle 80-130 in described low-temperature reduction district.
According to embodiments of the invention, described in there is pyrolysis and restoring function the horizontal cross-section of rotary hearth furnace be annular, The annulus angle 80-200 in described high temperature reduction district.
In another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides one and utilize foregoing system to carry out lateritic nickel ore block Material pyrolysis and the method for reduction reaction, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and additive addition dispensing mixing device is carried out batch mixing and dispensing processes, obtain mixture Material;
(2) mixed material is joined have pyrolysis and restoring function rotary hearth furnace in carry out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment, obtain heat Solve oil gas and direct-reduction product;
(3) direct-reduction product addition slag sluicing system device is carried out slag sluicing system process, obtain ferro-nickel product and tailings.
According to embodiments of the invention, the block a size of 10 ~ 50mm of lateritic nickel ore and reduction coal in described step (1).
According to embodiments of the invention, the reduction coal in described step (1) is middle low-order coal, and volatile matter is not less than 20%, excellent Select brown coal.
According to embodiments of the invention, the weight proportion of lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and additive in described step (1) is Lateritic nickel ore: reduction coal: additive=100:10-40:3-15.
According to mixing block in embodiments of the invention, described step (3) at the rotary hearth furnace with pyrolysis and restoring function The reaction condition carrying out pyrolysis and reduction treatment is: dry thermal cracking district temperature 500-900 DEG C, time of staying 10-30min;Low temperature Reducing zone temperature 1000 DEG C-1150 DEG C, time of staying 10-20min;High temperature reduction district temperature 1200-1400 DEG C, the time of staying 10-20min。
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) the invention provides pyrolysis and the reduction reaction system of a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block System and method, it is achieved that lateritic nickel ore block can directly enter stove, is effectively shortened the operation such as molding and drying process, thus Reduce energy consumption.
(2) pyrolysis and the reduction that the invention provides a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block are anti- Answer system and method, it is possible to realize the pyrolysis of coal at lateritic nickel ore Direct Reduction so that valuable petroleum resources is returned Receive, add the side-product of rotary hearth furnace coal-based DR process, thus, indirectly reduce process energy consumption and cost.
(3) pyrolysis and the reduction that the invention provides a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block are anti- Answering system and method, the semicoke after pyrolysis continues to participate in the direct reduction reactor of lateritic nickel ore in rotary hearth furnace, obtains directly also Originate in thing.
(4) pyrolysis and the reduction that the invention provides a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block are anti- Answering system and method, rotary hearth furnace uses high-temperature dust removal flue gas to heat heat pipe so that the flue gas that rotary hearth furnace furnace interior produces Waste heat can effectively be recycled, thus, this system achieves energy-saving and emission-reduction, environmental protection, reduces cost.
(5) pyrolysis and the reduction that the invention provides a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block are anti- Answer system and method, make use of cheap brown coal as raw material, reduce cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is pyrolysis and the reduction reaction system of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block of the present invention Structure chart.
Fig. 2 is pyrolysis and the reduction reaction system of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block of the present invention Simple diagram.
Fig. 3 is pyrolysis and the reduction reaction system of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block of the present invention Workflow diagram.
Wherein, 10, add heat pipe, 20, partition wall, 30, burner, 40, flue, 50, barricade, 100, dispensing mixing device, 101, Lateritic nickel ore entrance, 102, reduction coal entrance, 103, additive entrance, 104, mixing block outlet, 200, there is reduction and heat Solve the rotary hearth furnace of function, 201, mixing block entrance, 202, add heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet, 203, pyrolysis oil gas vent, 204, high-temperature flue gas outlet, 205, direct-reduction product exit, 300, oil gas dust arrester, 301, dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas entrance, 302, dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent, 400, device for recovering oil and gas, 401, dedusting pyrolysis oil gas entrance, 402, tar outlet, 403, Gas outlet, 500, slag sluicing system device, 501, direct-reduction product inlet, 502, ferro-nickel product outlet, 503, tailings outlet, 600, fume dust remover, 601, high-temperature flue gas entry, 602, high-temperature dust removal exhanst gas outlet.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art be more fully understood that technical scheme, below in conjunction with specific embodiment to this Invention is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not understood that For limitation of the present invention.Unreceipted concrete technology or condition in embodiment, according to the skill described by the document in this area Art or condition or carry out according to product description.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the invention provides fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block Pyrolysis and reduction reaction system, its structure is as it is shown in figure 1, include: dispensing mixing device 100, have pyrolysis and restoring function Rotary hearth furnace 200, oil gas dust arrester 300, device for recovering oil and gas 400, slag sluicing system device 500 and fume dust remover 600. Fig. 2 is pyrolysis and the simple diagram of reduction reaction system of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block of the present invention, As it can be seen, described dispensing mixing device includes: lateritic nickel ore entrance 101, reduction coal entrance 102, additive entrance 103 and mixed Close block outlet 104, for lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and additive are carried out dispensing mixing treatment, obtain mixing block;Described There is pyrolysis and the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function includes: the most adjacent feed zone, dry thermal cracking district, low-temperature reduction district, high temperature are also Former district and discharge zone;Described oil gas dust arrester includes: dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas entrance 301 and dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent 302, institute State dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas entrance to be connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent of described rotary hearth furnace;Described device for recovering oil and gas includes: dedusting heat Solving oil gas entrance 401, tar outlet 402 and gas outlet 403, described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas entrance is pyrolyzed oil gas with described dedusting Outlet is connected, for being collected and separating treatment by described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas, in order to obtain tar and combustion gas;Described slag ferrum Segregation apparatus includes: direct-reduction product inlet 501, ferro-nickel product outlet 502 and tailings outlet 503, and described direct-reduction is produced Thing entrance is connected with described direct-reduction product exit,;Described fume dust remover includes: high-temperature flue gas entry 601 and high temperature Dedusting exhanst gas outlet 602, described high-temperature flue gas entry exports with the high-temperature flue gas of described rotary hearth furnace and is connected, described high-temperature dust removal cigarette The gas outlet heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet that adds with described dry thermal cracking district and described low-temperature reduction district respectively is connected.
Inventor finds, system structure according to embodiments of the present invention is simple, and easy to operate, lateritic nickel ore block directly enters Stove, shortens the operation such as molding and drying process.Semicoke after pyrolysis continues to participate in directly going back of lateritic nickel ore in rotary hearth furnace Former reaction obtains being reduced directly product.This system can achieve the pyrolysis of coal at lateritic nickel ore Direct Reduction, makes preciousness Petroleum resources reclaimed, add the side-product of rotary hearth furnace coal-based DR process, and, in described rotary hearth furnace body The fume afterheat that portion produces can effectively be recycled, thus, this system achieves environmental protection, indirectly reduces process energy consumption And cost.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the rotary hearth furnace described in pyrolysis and restoring function includes: the most adjacent Feed zone, dry thermal cracking district, low-temperature reduction district, high temperature reduction district and discharge zone, wherein, described dry thermal cracking district is respectively with described It is provided with partition wall 20 between feed zone, described low-temperature reduction district, between described high temperature reduction district and described discharge zone, is provided with barricade 50, Described partition wall and described barricade are all to be downwardly extended by the roof of described rotary hearth furnace, and keep one with the cloth tray of described rotary hearth furnace Fixed interval.Thus, the barricade between described high temperature reduction district and discharge zone can separate Liang Ge district effectively, it is possible to ensures high temperature Reducing zone and low-temperature reduction district atmosphere are stable.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, described feed zone furnace wall is provided with mixing block entrance 201, described mixed block Material entrance is connected with the outlet of described mixing block, and described mixing block entrance is for joining mixing block in described rotary hearth furnace React;Furnace wall, described dry thermal cracking district is provided with and adds heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet 202 and pyrolysis oil gas vent 203, The described heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet that adds is for the dry thermal cracking district by adding the heat pipe high-temperature dust removal flue gas described rotary hearth furnace of feeding Interior adding in heat pipe is heated, and described pyrolysis oil gas vent is for discharging the pyrolysis oil gas produced in described rotary hearth furnace; Furnace wall, described low-temperature reduction district is provided with and adds heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet and high-temperature flue gas outlet 204, described in add heat pipe high Temperature dedusting smoke inlet is for adding the low-temperature reduction district added in the heat pipe high-temperature dust removal flue gas described rotary hearth furnace of importing in heat pipe Heating, the outlet of described high-temperature flue gas for discharging described low-temperature reduction district by high-temperature flue gas;Described discharge zone sets on furnace wall Having direct-reduction product exit 205, described direct-reduction product exit for discharging the discharge zone of described rotary hearth furnace by product.By This, flue 40 is located at low-temperature reduction district by described rotary hearth furnace, the flue gas of generation after dedusting directly as dry thermal cracking district and Low-temperature reduction district adds the thermal source of heat pipe, it is achieved that the fume afterheat that furnace interior produces can effectively be recycled, thus, this is System achieves environmental protection, indirectly reduces process energy consumption and cost.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the concrete shape of the rotary hearth furnace described in pyrolysis and restoring function is not had The restriction of body, as long as being capable of being pyrolyzed lateritic nickel ore block and reduction reaction.Some enforcements in the present invention In example, described in have the horizontal cross-section of rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function be annular, and, the annulus folder shared by each district Angle is not particularly limited.Preferably, the annulus angle 60-150 in described dry thermal cracking district, the annulus folder in described low-temperature reduction district Angle 80-130, the annulus angle 80-200 in described high temperature reduction district.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, there is described in adding of the pyrolysis dry thermal cracking district with the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function Hot mode is the most particularly limited, as long as hot charge can be added.In some embodiments of the invention, described dry thermal cracking District uses and adds the mode of heat pipe and heat, further, described in add heat pipe and may be mounted at the furnace wall in described dry thermal cracking district Inner side, can arrange and multiple add heat pipe 10.Thus, it is achieved that the raw material in described dry thermal cracking district is heated.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, there is described in adding of the pyrolysis low-temperature reduction district with the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function Hot mode is the most particularly limited, as long as hot charge can be added.In some embodiments of the invention, described reducing zone is adopted Heat by the mode adding heat pipe, further, described in add heat pipe and may be mounted at inside the furnace wall in described low-temperature reduction district, Can arrange and multiple add heat pipe 10.Thus, it is achieved that the raw material in described low-temperature reduction district is heated.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, there is described in adding of the pyrolysis high temperature reduction district with the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function Hot mode is the most particularly limited, as long as hot charge can be added.In some embodiments of the invention, described high temperature reduction District uses the mode of burner to heat, and further, described burner may be mounted at inside the furnace wall in described high temperature reduction district, Multiple burner 30 can be set.In some embodiments of the invention, the heat using burner combustion to produce passes through radiant heat transfer Mode pass to pelletizing.Because the burning of burner naked light has burning capacity is big, heating-up temperature is high advantage (up to 1500 DEG C), thus, it is achieved that the raw material in described high temperature reduction district is heated.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, this system also includes described oil gas dust arrester, for by dust-laden pyrolysis oil Gas carries out dust removal process, obtains dedusting pyrolysis oil gas.In some embodiments of the invention, described oil gas dust arrester includes: Dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas entrance and dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent, described dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas entrance and the pyrolysis oil gas of described rotary hearth furnace Outlet is connected, and the dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas that can effectively the pyrolysis of coal in the dry thermal cracking district of described rotary hearth furnace be produced is transported to institute State oil gas dust arrester and carry out oil gas dust removal process.In some embodiments of the invention, this system also includes that petroleum vapor recovery fills Put, be connected with described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent, for described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas is collected and separating treatment, in order to To tar and combustion gas, the petroleum resources of preciousness is made to be reclaimed.Thus, effectively described rotary hearth furnace will produce dust-laden pyrolysis oil Gas carries out dust removal process, obtains dedusting pyrolysis oil gas, and makes the petroleum resources of preciousness be reclaimed, thus, add and turn the end The side-product of stove coal-based DR process, reduces process energy consumption and cost indirectly.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, this system also includes described fume dust remover, for entering high-temperature flue gas Row dust removal process, obtains high-temperature dust removal flue gas.In some embodiments of the invention, described fume dust remover includes: high temperature Smoke inlet and high-temperature dust removal exhanst gas outlet, described high-temperature flue gas entry exports with the high-temperature flue gas of described rotary hearth furnace and is connected, uses In high-temperature flue gas is carried out dust removal process, obtaining high-temperature dust removal flue gas, described high-temperature dust removal exhanst gas outlet is dried with described respectively Pyrolysis zone is connected with the heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet that adds in described low-temperature reduction district, for using described high-temperature dust removal flue gas as Add the thermal source of heat pipe, heat dry thermal cracking district and the material in low-temperature reduction district of described rotary hearth furnace.Thus, described rotary hearth furnace body of heater The internal fume afterheat produced can effectively be recycled, thus, this system achieves environmental protection, reduces cost.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, this system also includes described slag sluicing system device, for directly going back described Original thing carries out slag sluicing system process, obtains ferro-nickel product and tailings.In some embodiments of the invention, described slag sluicing system Device includes: direct-reduction product inlet, ferro-nickel product outlet and tailings outlet, described direct-reduction product inlet with described directly Connect reduzate outlet to be connected, for described direct-reduction product is carried out slag sluicing system process, obtain ferro-nickel product and tailings. Thus, this system achieves the effective process to lateritic nickel ore, has obtained ferro-nickel product.
According to embodiments of the invention, the lateritic nickel ore in described system is not subject to the weight proportion of reduction coal and additive Concrete restriction.In some embodiments of the invention, the lateritic nickel ore in described system and reduction coal and the weight of additive Proportioning is lateritic nickel ore: reduction coal: additive=100:10-40:3-15.Thus, the raw material in this ratio range was reacting The gathering of Cheng Zhong, beneficially ferronickel granule and growing up.
According to embodiments of the invention, lateritic nickel ore in described system and the block size of reduction coal be not by concrete limit System, as long as can be used in carrying out reacting.In some embodiments of the invention, the block size of lateritic nickel ore and reduction coal It is 10 ~ 50mm.
According to embodiments of the invention, the kind of the reduction coal in described system is the most particularly limited, as long as can use React in carrying out.In some embodiments of the invention, described reduction coal is middle low-order coal.Further, described reduction The volatile matter of coal is not less than 20%, it is preferred that for brown coal.
In another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides one and utilize foregoing system to carry out lateritic nickel ore heat Solving and the method for reduction reaction, its workflow is as it is shown on figure 3, comprise the following steps:
(1) lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and additive addition dispensing mixing device is carried out batch mixing and dispensing processes, obtain mixture Material.
According to embodiments of the invention, described system includes dispensing mixing device, is used for lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and adds Add agent and carry out batch mixing and dispensing process, obtain mixed material.In some embodiments of the invention, the laterite nickel in described system Ore deposit is lateritic nickel ore with the weight proportion of reduction coal and additive: reduction coal: additive=100:10-40:3-15.Thus, at this Raw material in ratio range in course of reaction, the beneficially gathering of ferronickel granule and growing up.Further, lateritic nickel ore and reduction coal Block a size of 10 ~ 50mm, described reduction coal is middle low-order coal.Further, the volatile matter of described reduction coal is not less than 20%, it is preferred that for brown coal.Owing to the lateritic nickel ore block in this system can directly enter stove, thus, shorten molding and do The operations such as dry flow process, reduce cost indirectly.
(2) mixed material is joined have pyrolysis and restoring function rotary hearth furnace in carry out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment, To pyrolysis oil gas and direct-reduction product.
According to embodiments of the invention, described in there is the rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis-restoring function be specifically divided into along traffic direction Feed zone, dry thermal cracking district, low-temperature reduction district, high temperature reduction district and discharge zone, described dry thermal cracking district and low-temperature reduction district Mode of heating is for adding heat pipe, and the mode of heating in described high temperature reduction district is burner heating.Described lateritic nickel ore block has heat The rotary hearth furnace of solution and restoring function carries out the reaction condition of pyrolysis and reduction treatment: dry thermal cracking district temperature 500-900 DEG C, stops Stay time 10-30min, in order to first preheat in dry thermal cracking district entering stove lateritic nickel ore block, remove lateritic nickel ore block In table water and water of crystallization, simultaneously to enter stove wet bulb group in reduction coal carry out pyrolysis processing obtain be pyrolyzed oil gas;Low-temperature reduction District's temperature 1000 DEG C-1150 DEG C, time of staying 10-20min, for the lateritic nickel ore block after pyrolysis is carried out low-temperature reduction, To reach good reduction effect, i.e. the percent reduction of nickel is to more than 90%, the percent reduction of ferrum to more than 50%;Finally, high temperature reduction District's temperature 1200-1400 DEG C, time of staying 10-20min, it is used for that lateritic nickel ore block is carried out drastic reduction and ferronickel crystal grain is long Greatly, the mode of heating in described high temperature reduction district is burner heating, lateritic nickel ore pelletizing in high temperature reduction district through drastic reduction and Ferronickel crystal grain finally gives direct-reduction product and discharges rotary hearth furnace in discharge zone after growing up.Thus, this system can be at laterite nickel Ore deposit Direct Reduction achieves the pyrolysis of coal, and, the semicoke after pyrolysis continues to participate in the straight of lateritic nickel ore in rotary hearth furnace Connect reduction reaction to obtain being reduced directly product.
Described oil gas dust arrester, removes for the dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas pyrolysis of coal in described dry thermal cracking produced Dirt processes, and obtains dedusting pyrolysis oil gas, can be reclaimed by described device for recovering oil and gas, thus so that this system achieves Valuable petroleum resources is reclaimed, and adds the side-product of rotary hearth furnace coal-based DR process, indirectly reduces technique energy Consumption and cost.Described fume dust remover, carries out dust removal process for the high-temperature flue gas producing described rotary hearth furnace furnace interior, Obtain high-temperature dust removal flue gas, then using described high-temperature dust removal flue gas as the thermal source adding heat pipe, heat being dried of described rotary hearth furnace Pyrolysis zone and the material in low-temperature reduction district, it is achieved that the fume afterheat that rotary hearth furnace furnace interior produces can effectively be recycled, Thus, this system achieves environmental protection, reduces cost.
(3) direct-reduction product addition slag sluicing system device is carried out slag sluicing system process, obtain ferro-nickel product and tailings. According to embodiments of the invention, described slag sluicing system device, for described direct-reduction product is carried out slag sluicing system process, To ferro-nickel product and tailings.Thus, this system achieves the efficient recovery to lateritic nickel ore, has obtained ferro-nickel product.
Inventor finds, system structure according to embodiments of the present invention is simple, and easy to operate, lateritic nickel ore block directly enters Stove, shortens the operation such as molding and drying process.Semicoke after pyrolysis continues to participate in directly going back of lateritic nickel ore in rotary hearth furnace Former reaction obtains being reduced directly product.This system can achieve the pyrolysis of coal at lateritic nickel ore Direct Reduction, makes preciousness Petroleum resources reclaimed, add the side-product of rotary hearth furnace coal-based DR process, and, in described rotary hearth furnace body The fume afterheat that portion produces can effectively be recycled, thus, this system achieves environmental protection, indirectly reduces process energy consumption And cost.
Embodiment 1
Ni 1.85% lateritic nickel ore block (particle diameter 10-50mm), volatile matter 25% bituminous coal block (particle diameter 10-50mm) and carbon will be contained Acid sodium 100:10:5 in mass ratio carries out dispensing in blend ingredients device, mixing treatment obtains mixing block, then will mixing Block carries out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment in having the rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function, rotary hearth furnace pyrolysis zone and low-temperature reduction district Add the heat heat exchange from the high-temperature dust removal flue gas of rotary hearth furnace of heat pipe, dry thermal cracking district annulus angle 60, dry thermal cracking district temperature Spend 900 DEG C, time of staying 10min;Low-temperature reduction district annulus angle 100, low-temperature reduction district temperature 1100 DEG C, the time of staying 10min;High temperature reduction district annulus angle 180, high temperature reduction district temperature 1350 DEG C, time of staying 20min.Dry thermal cracking district obtains To pyrolysis oil gas first pass around after oil gas dust arrester carries out dust removal process again through device for recovering oil and gas process obtain tar and Combustion gas, direct-reduction product feeding slag sluicing system device carries out slag sluicing system process and obtains ferronickel powder (containing Ni 5.62%, TFe 64.73%) and tailings, whole flow process nickel recovery 95%.
Embodiment 2
Ni 2.45% lateritic nickel ore block (particle diameter 10-50mm), volatile matter 40% brown coal block (particle diameter 10-50mm) and stone will be contained Lime stone 100:20:15 in mass ratio carries out dispensing in blend ingredients device, mixing treatment obtains mixed material, then will mixing Block carries out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment in having the rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function, rotary hearth furnace pyrolysis zone and low-temperature reduction district Add the heat heat exchange from the high-temperature dust removal flue gas of rotary hearth furnace of heat pipe, dry thermal cracking district annulus angle 100, dry thermal cracking district Temperature 800 DEG C, time of staying 25min;Low-temperature reduction district annulus angle 110, low-temperature reduction district temperature 1150 DEG C, the time of staying 20min;High temperature reduction district annulus angle 140, high temperature reduction district temperature 1400 DEG C, time of staying 10min.Dry thermal cracking district obtains To pyrolysis oil gas first pass around after oil gas dust arrester carries out dust removal process again through device for recovering oil and gas process obtain tar and Combustion gas, direct-reduction product feeding slag sluicing system device carries out slag sluicing system process and obtains ferronickel powder (containing Ni 6.82%, TFe 65.64%) and tailings, whole flow process nickel recovery 96%.
Embodiment 3
To contain Ni 1.12% lateritic nickel ore block (particle diameter 10-50mm), volatile matter 35% ub-bituminous coal block (particle diameter 10-50mm) and Calx 100:30:9 in mass ratio carries out dispensing in blend ingredients device, mixing treatment obtains mixed material, then will mixing Block carries out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment in having the rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function, rotary hearth furnace pyrolysis zone and low-temperature reduction district Add the heat heat exchange from the high-temperature dust removal flue gas of rotary hearth furnace of heat pipe, dry thermal cracking district annulus angle 150, dry thermal cracking district Temperature 750 DEG C, time of staying 30min;Low-temperature reduction district annulus angle 80, low-temperature reduction district temperature 1000 DEG C, the time of staying 10min;High temperature reduction district annulus angle 120, high temperature reduction district temperature 1350 DEG C, time of staying 15min.Dry thermal cracking district obtains To pyrolysis oil gas first pass around after oil gas dust arrester carries out dust removal process again through device for recovering oil and gas process obtain tar and Combustion gas, direct-reduction product feeding slag sluicing system device carries out slag sluicing system process and obtains ferronickel powder (containing Ni 3.83%, TFe 75.83%) and tailings, whole flow process nickel recovery 97%.
Embodiment 4
Ni 1.85% lateritic nickel ore block (particle diameter 10-50mm), volatile matter 25% bituminous coal block (particle diameter 10-50mm) and carbon will be contained Acid sodium 100:40:5 in mass ratio carries out dispensing in blend ingredients device, mixing treatment obtains mixing block, then will mixing Block carries out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment in having the rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function, rotary hearth furnace pyrolysis zone and low-temperature reduction district Add the heat heat exchange from the high-temperature dust removal flue gas of rotary hearth furnace of heat pipe, dry thermal cracking district annulus angle 120, dry thermal cracking district Temperature 600 DEG C, time of staying 15min;Low-temperature reduction district annulus angle 90, low-temperature reduction district temperature 1100 DEG C, the time of staying 10min;High temperature reduction district annulus angle 140, high temperature reduction district temperature 1300 DEG C, time of staying 20min.Dry thermal cracking district obtains To pyrolysis oil gas first pass around after oil gas dust arrester carries out dust removal process again through device for recovering oil and gas process obtain tar and Combustion gas, direct-reduction product feeding slag sluicing system device carries out slag sluicing system process and obtains dilval (containing Ni 18.62%, TFe 79.73%) and ferronickel slag, whole flow process nickel recovery 96%.
Embodiment 5
Ni 2.45% lateritic nickel ore block (particle diameter 10-50mm), volatile matter 40% brown coal block (particle diameter 10-50mm) and stone will be contained Lime stone 100:25:15 in mass ratio carries out dispensing in blend ingredients device, mixing treatment obtains mixed material, then will mixing Block carries out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment in having the rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function, rotary hearth furnace pyrolysis zone and low-temperature reduction district Add the heat heat exchange from the high-temperature dust removal flue gas of rotary hearth furnace of heat pipe, dry thermal cracking district annulus angle 130, dry thermal cracking district Temperature 500 DEG C, time of staying 25min;Low-temperature reduction district annulus angle 120, low-temperature reduction district temperature 1100 DEG C, the time of staying 20min;High temperature reduction district annulus angle 100, high temperature reduction district temperature 1250 DEG C, time of staying 15min.Dry thermal cracking district obtains To pyrolysis oil gas first pass around after oil gas dust arrester carries out dust removal process again through device for recovering oil and gas process obtain tar and Combustion gas, direct-reduction product feeding slag sluicing system device carries out slag sluicing system process and obtains dilval (containing Ni 24.82%, TFe 73.24%) and ferronickel slag, whole flow process nickel recovery 97%.
Embodiment 6
To contain Ni 1.12% lateritic nickel ore block (particle diameter 10-50mm), volatile matter 35% ub-bituminous coal block (particle diameter 10-50mm) and Calx 100:35:9 in mass ratio carries out dispensing in blend ingredients device, mixing treatment obtains mixed material, then will mixing Block carries out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment in having the rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function, rotary hearth furnace pyrolysis zone and low-temperature reduction district Add the heat heat exchange from the high-temperature dust removal flue gas of rotary hearth furnace of heat pipe, dry thermal cracking district annulus angle 70, dry thermal cracking district temperature Spend 900 DEG C, time of staying 10min;Low-temperature reduction district annulus angle 110, low-temperature reduction district temperature 1100 DEG C, the time of staying 20min;High temperature reduction district annulus angle 170, high temperature reduction district temperature 1350 DEG C, time of staying 20min.Dry thermal cracking district obtains To pyrolysis oil gas first pass around after oil gas dust arrester carries out dust removal process again through device for recovering oil and gas process obtain tar and Combustion gas, direct-reduction product feeding slag sluicing system device carries out slag sluicing system process and obtains dilval (containing Ni 15.35%, TFe 82.83%) and ferronickel slag, whole flow process nickel recovery 98%.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and can not It is interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " the One ", the feature of " second " can express or implicitly include one or more this feature.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " install ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " etc. Term should be interpreted broadly, and connects for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or integral;Can be that machinery connects Connect, it is also possible to be electrical connection;Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, in can being two elements The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to concrete feelings Condition understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score permissible It is that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature exists Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show Example " or the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes specific features, structure, material or spy Point is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be arbitrary Individual or multiple embodiment or example combine in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of the most conflicting, the skill of this area The feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be tied by art personnel Close and combination.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is impossible to being interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, revises, replaces and modification, simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the think of of the application Think, the most all will change.

Claims (9)

1. the pyrolysis of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block and a reduction reaction system, its feature exists In, including: dispensing mixing device, there is pyrolysis and the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function, oil gas dust arrester, device for recovering oil and gas, slag Ferrum segregation apparatus and fume dust remover, wherein:
Described dispensing mixing device includes: lateritic nickel ore entrance, reduction coal entrance, additive entrance and mixing block outlet, uses In lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and additive are carried out dispensing mixing treatment, obtain mixing block;
Described have pyrolysis and the rotary hearth furnace of restoring function includes: the most adjacent feed zone, dry thermal cracking district, low-temperature reduction District, high temperature reduction district and discharge zone, wherein, described dry thermal cracking district is respectively and between described feed zone, described low-temperature reduction district Being provided with partition wall, being provided with barricade, described partition wall and described barricade between described high temperature reduction district and described discharge zone is all by described The roof of rotary hearth furnace downwardly extends, and keeps certain intervals with the cloth tray of described rotary hearth furnace;Wherein, described dry thermal cracking district and It is provided with inside the furnace wall in described low-temperature reduction district and multiple adds heat pipe, for described dry thermal cracking district and described low-temperature reduction district are entered Row adds heat pipe mode and heats;Described high temperature reduction district is provided with multiple burner inside furnace wall, for carrying out described high temperature reduction district Burner mode heats;Described feed zone furnace wall is provided with mixing block entrance, and furnace wall, described dry thermal cracking district is provided with and adds heat pipe High-temperature dust removal smoke inlet and pyrolysis oil gas vent, furnace wall, described low-temperature reduction district is provided with and adds heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet Exporting with high-temperature flue gas, furnace wall, described discharge zone is provided with direct-reduction product exit, and described mixing block entrance is mixed with described Close block outlet to be connected;
Described oil gas dust arrester includes: dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas entrance and dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent, described dust-laden pyrolysis oil gas Entrance is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent of described rotary hearth furnace, carries out dust removal process for dust-laden is pyrolyzed oil gas entrance, is removed Dirt pyrolysis oil gas;
Described device for recovering oil and gas includes: dedusting pyrolysis oil gas entrance, tar outlet and gas outlet, described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas Entrance is connected with described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas vent, for being collected and separating treatment by described dedusting pyrolysis oil gas, in order to Obtain tar and combustion gas;
Described slag sluicing system device includes: direct-reduction product inlet, ferro-nickel product outlet and tailings outlet, described direct-reduction Product inlet is connected with described direct-reduction product exit, for described direct-reduction product is carried out slag sluicing system process, To ferro-nickel product and tailings;
Described fume dust remover includes: high-temperature flue gas entry and high-temperature dust removal exhanst gas outlet, described high-temperature flue gas entry and institute The high-temperature flue gas outlet stating rotary hearth furnace is connected, and for high-temperature flue gas is carried out dust removal process, obtains high-temperature dust removal flue gas, described height Temperature dedusting exhanst gas outlet respectively with described dry thermal cracking district and described low-temperature reduction district add heat pipe high-temperature dust removal smoke inlet phase Even, it is used for described high-temperature dust removal flue gas as the thermal source adding heat pipe, the dry thermal cracking district of heating rotary hearth furnace and low-temperature reduction district Material.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in there is the level of rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function Cross section is annular, the annulus angle 60-150 in described dry thermal cracking district.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in there is the level of rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function Cross section is annular, the annulus angle 80-130 in described low-temperature reduction district.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in there is the level of rotary hearth furnace of pyrolysis and restoring function Cross section is annular, the annulus angle 80-200 in described high temperature reduction district.
5. utilize the system according to any one of claim 1-4 to carry out lateritic nickel ore pyrolysis and a method for reduction reaction, It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and additive addition dispensing mixing device is carried out batch mixing and dispensing processes, obtain mixture Material;
(2) mixed material is joined have pyrolysis and restoring function rotary hearth furnace in carry out being pyrolyzed and reduction treatment, obtain heat Solve oil gas and metallized pellet;
(3) metallized pellet is added slag sluicing system device and carry out slag sluicing system process, obtain ferro-nickel product and tailings.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that lateritic nickel ore and the block of reduction coal in described step (1) A size of 10 ~ 50mm.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the reduction coal in described step (1) is middle low-order coal, volatilization Divide and be not less than 20%, preferably brown coal.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that lateritic nickel ore, reduction coal and the interpolation in described step (1) The weight proportion of agent is lateritic nickel ore: reduction coal: additive=100:10-40:3-15.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in described step (3), mixing block has pyrolysis and going back The rotary hearth furnace of former function carries out the reaction condition of pyrolysis and reduction treatment: dry thermal cracking district temperature 500-900 DEG C, the time of staying 10-30min;Low-temperature reduction district temperature 1000 DEG C-1150 DEG C, time of staying 10-20min;High temperature reduction district temperature 1200-1400 DEG C, time of staying 10-20min.
CN201610819103.XA 2016-09-13 2016-09-13 The pyrolysis of a kind of fume afterheat furnace interior recycling type lateritic nickel ore block and reduction reaction system and method Pending CN106244757A (en)

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