CN106226218A - A kind of method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction - Google Patents
A kind of method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005386 paleomagnetism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction, comprise the following steps: 1. prepared by sample, demarcate with standard column plug-like sample and direction including caked sample；2. paleomagnetism azimuthal measurement corrects with bottom surface, standard plunger piston sample top；3. evacuation pressurization saturated brine after pie rock sample is dried；4. two pole methods measure the relative resistivities of pie rock sample corresponding sides；5. 3 azimuthal point permeability validation test；6. tight sand circumference permeability principal direction major and minor axis determines method.The present invention utilizes resistivity anisotropy that the anisotropism of Sandstone Gas Reservoir itself causes to determine the permeability principal direction of its circumference, it is extended to measuring direction in the circumference of 360 degree, have bigger observation scope than conventional X/Y/Z tri-orientation measurement, the production development of Sandstone Gas Reservoir is had important directive function.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing petrophysics experiment to determine tight sand circumference permeability principal direction, specifically
Say it is that a kind of application determines fine and close sand based on tight sand electrical conductivity anisotropic circumference rock electricity Physical Experiment means
The method of rock circumference permeability principal direction.
Background technology:
In the production development to Sandstone Gas Reservoir, the anisotropy of reservoir rock permeability is to restrict its output increased
One of important factor in order.In anisotropic rock, the maximum of permeability is mainly obtained by laboratory experiment with minimum principal direction
, but laboratory experiment is limited by conditions such as coring direction, specimen shape, test time-consumingly length, constrains permeability principal direction
Quick obtaining and application.
The most domestic square rock core X/Y/Z tri-direction permeability anisotropy test carried out is only capable of acquisition level and vertical two
The permeability in individual direction, can not get the maximum of permeability and minimum principal direction, and the method have ignored and deposits equally in horizontal direction
The fact that permeability anisotropy；And the full diameter non-uniform radial flow anisotropic permeability mensuration side proposed in recent years
Though method is more directly perceived, but experimental period is longer, it is complicated to calculate and impact that is that have ignored fluid flowing on vertical.Foreign scholar
Propose multiple similar being specifically designed to for the determination method of permeability in anisotropic medium and measure formation plane respectively to different
The method of property permeability tensor, wherein the Typical Representative of test analysis mathed is least square fitting experimental station logos, but the party
Experimental data needed for method is more, and the mathematical algorithm related to is complicated, it is difficult to realize.
For the Sandstone Gas Reservoir that this class permeability is low and anisotropy is prominent using horizontal well development now more,
Conventional tri-directional permeability anisotropic measurement acquired results of X/Y/Z excessively simplify, and lack and cover oozing of more direction
Rate anisotropy principal direction determines method thoroughly, therefore needs a kind of method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction badly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
1. full diameter tight sand rock sample is made the rock sample needed for experiment, including block length 25mm, diameter 100mm
Pie rock sample and two block length diameters are the standard plunger piston sample of 25mm, and draw the markings representing correspondence direction, wherein cake
Shape rock sample with the process step of standard plunger piston sample is:
The first step: full diameter tight sand rock sample is upright, draws a main ginseng being parallel to this rock sample axis in its side
Examining line, then the bottom surface end points that pushes up with this main reference line drew the system of kernel of section point on this rock sample cross section for starting point
One markings, and draw arrow at markings away from main reference line one end；
Second step: cut out the pie rock sample of diameter 100mm, high 25mm from full diameter tight sand rock sample one end, and surplus
On the facet of remaining full diameter tight sand rock sample, polishing crosses mark line and the arrow of central point；
3rd step: have on the cross section of markings circumferentially numeral 1 to 24 on bearing mark at pie rock sample, make two differences
The digital line of 12 crosses central point, cuts out 24 smooth rectangle side planes by numeral at pie rock sample periphery；
4th step: drill through 2 block length diameters along full diameter tight sand rock sample axis direction and be the standard plunger piston of 25mm
Sample, and accurately mark relative position and the markings direction of good every piece of standard plunger piston sample；
2. standard plunger piston sample is put into and the alternating magnetic field of nonmagnetic spaces carries out alternating demagnetization, then measure remanent magnetization strong
Degree vector also obtains its remanent magnetism mean direction, i.e. obtains average remanent magnetism drift angle and inclination angle, finally obtains required markings phase
Orientation for north geographic pole；The standard plunger piston sample that inclination angle is negative value is carried out pushing up the end and corrects and calculate the mark after correction
Line orientation.
3. go out pie rock sample level week with the relative position calculation of labelling on standard plunger piston sample according to labelling on pie rock sample
To the true geographic direction of all directions, wherein calculating pie rock sample circumference all directions method is:
First determine that in plane, markings arrow refers to according to pie rock sample with the relative position of markings on standard plunger piston sample
To true bearing, then according to each direction differs the relation of 15 degree once calculates pie rock sample circumference all directions in original place
True bearing in Ceng is pointed to.
θ (i+1)=θ (i)+15 (1)
In formula, θ, for refer to sideways orientation from the center of circle, is clockwise adjacent relation between θ (i+1) and θ (i).
4. use drying baker, pie rock sample is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C 24h；The saline of configuration 5000mg/L, by pie
Rock sample is evacuation the saturated brine that pressurizes together with saline.
5. measure the relative resistance in upper 12 directions of pie rock sample circumference with " two pole methods ", and measure two-by-two between measuring surface
Distance and the area of each measuring surface, thus calculate the relative resistivities between all directions or relative conductivity.By all directions
True bearing do radar map with corresponding electrical measurement result, thus obtain electrical anisotropy figure in pie rock sample circumference,
Find resistivity minimum principal direction or perhaps electrical conductivity maximum principal direction；The measurement of the most circumferentially opposed resistivity is use two
Pole method measures the relative resistance R between 12 groups of corresponding surfaces (two sides of face number difference 12), and (i j), and measures each side plane
Area S (i, j), then the relative resistivities size in all directions is:
ρ (i, j)=R (i, j) * S (i, j)/L (i, j) (2)
σ (i, j)=1/ ρ (i, j) (3)
In formula, i Yu j is side number, | i-j |=12；
(i j) is the relative resistivities between i face and j face to ρ；
(i j) is the spacing in i face and j face to L；
(i j) is the relative conductivity between i face and j face to σ.
6. according to electrical anisotropy test result, select resistivity maximum azimuthal point, resistivity minimum azimuthal point and with
Machine azimuthal point, then according to these three azimuthal point drills through 3 selected orientation on remaining full diameter column rock sample same plane
Standard plunger piston sample, the gas testing these 3 standard plunger piston samples respectively is surveyed absolute permeability, and is made radar map according to measurement result.
7. on electrical conductivity radar map with permeability radar map, all draw major and minor axis, then two width figures are compared checking point
Analysis, using the major axis that overlaps as the maximum principal direction of permeability in circumference, using the short axle that overlaps as permeability in circumference
Little principal direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the azimuth measured by the present invention has been extended in the circumference of 360 degree, than routine
X/Y/Z tri-orientation measurement has bigger observation scope, simultaneously without considering the vertical flow of fluid in the measurement of radial penetration rate
Dynamic impact.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is markings and standard plunger piston sample sample position schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is pie rock sample and standard plunger piston sample markings direction corresponding diagram.
Fig. 3 is that permeability survey samples schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is circumference electrical conductivity and permeability direction major and minor axis comparison diagram.
Detailed description of the invention:
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment.
A kind of utilization circumference rock electricity Physical Experiment proposed by the invention determines tight sand circumference permeability main formula
To method, it is achieved method flow is as follows:
1. prepared by sample
The initial sample of this experiment is diameter 105mm, the full diameter tight sand rock sample of length 100mm.In order to obtain standard
Special rock shape needed for true azimuth information and experiment, rock sample preparation method includes:
The first step: full diameter tight sand rock sample is upright, draws one in its side and is parallel to full diameter tight sand rock
The main reference line of sample axis, then transversal at full diameter tight sand rock sample with bottom surface, the top end points of this main reference line for starting point
Draw the unified markings of kernel of section point on face, and draw arrow, such as Fig. 1 at markings away from main reference line one end
Shown in, described main reference line 1 is in full diameter tight sand rock sample side, and unified markings 2 were full diameter tight sand
The band arrow indicatrix of rock sample kernel of section point, the vertical direction that Z-direction instruction is downward；
Second step: cut out the pie rock sample of diameter 100mm height 25mm from full diameter tight sand rock sample one end, and in residue
On full diameter facet, polishing crosses mark line and the arrow of central point；
3rd step: have on the cross section of markings circumferentially numeral 1 to 24 on bearing mark at pie rock sample, make two differences
The digital line of 12 crosses central point, cuts out 24 flat surfaces by numeral at pie rock sample periphery；
4th step: drill through 2 block length diameters along full diameter tight sand rock sample axis direction and be the standard plunger piston of 25mm
Sample, and accurately mark relative position and the markings direction of good every piece of standard plunger piston sample, as in figure 2 it is shown, Fig. 2 a is pie rock sample
Sectional view, Fig. 2 b is standard plunger piston sample sectional view, and 2 is unified markings.
2. paleomagnetism azimuthal measurement corrects with bottom surface, standard plunger piston sample top
Standard plunger piston sample is put in the alternating magnetic field of nonmagnetic spaces and carry out alternating demagnetization, then measure remanent magnetization
Vector also obtains its remanent magnetism mean direction, i.e. obtains average remanent magnetism drift angle and inclination angle, and the final markings that obtain are relative to geography
The orientation of the arctic.
The standard plunger piston sample that inclination angle is negative value is carried out pushing up the markings orientation after bottom surface corrects and calculate correction.
3. relative to position calculation
According to labelling on pie rock sample go out with the relative position calculation of labelling on standard plunger piston sample pie rock sample circumference each
The true geographic direction in direction, orientation comparison is as in figure 2 it is shown, the corresponding orientation of described pie rock sample and standard plunger piston sample is by uniting
One markings 2 determine.
Determine that on pie rock sample, markings arrow refers to according to pie rock sample with the relative position of markings on standard plunger piston sample
To true bearing, then according to each direction differs the relation of 15 degree once calculates pie rock sample circumference all directions in original place
True bearing in Ceng is pointed to,
θ (i+1)=θ (i)+15 (1)
In formula, θ, for refer to sideways orientation from the center of circle, is clockwise adjacent relation between θ (i+1) and θ (i).
The most saturated pie rock sample
Use drying baker, caked sample is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C 24h；The saline of configuration 5000mg/L, by pie rock
Sample is evacuation the saturated brine that pressurizes together with saline.
5. week galvanotropism is measured
Measure the relative resistance in upper 12 directions of pie rock sample circumference with " two pole methods ", and measure two-by-two between measuring surface
Distance L (i, j) and each measuring surface area S (i, j), use two pole methods measure 12 groups of corresponding surfaces (face number difference 12 two sides
Face) between relative resistance R (i, j), thus calculates the relative resistivities between all directions or electrical conductivity,
ρ (i, j)=R (i, j) * S (i, j)/L (i, j) (2)
σ (i, j)=1/ ρ (i, j) (3)
In formula: i Yu j is side number, | i-j |=12；
(i j) is the relative resistivities between i face and j face to ρ；
(i j) is the spacing in i face and j face to L；
(i j) is the relative conductivity between i face and j face to σ.
Do radar map by the true bearing of pie rock sample circumference all directions with corresponding electrical measurement result, thus obtain cake
Electrical anisotropy figure in shape rock sample circumference, finds resistivity minimum principal direction or electrical conductivity maximum principal direction.
6.3 azimuthal point permeability validation tests
First according to electrical anisotropy test result select resistivity maximum azimuthal point, resistivity minimum azimuthal point and with
Machine azimuthal point；Then according to these three azimuthal point bores on the remaining full diameter tight sand rock sample same plane being oven-dried
Take the standard plunger piston sample in 3 selected orientation, as it is shown on figure 3, label 3 represents the standard column that resistivity maximum orientation is drilled through in figure
Plug sample, in figure, label 4 represents the standard plunger piston sample that resistivity minimum orientation is drilled through, and in figure, label 5 represents that random orientations is bored
The standard plunger piston sample taken, the direction of arrow represents and drills through direction；The gas testing these 3 standard plunger piston samples the most respectively surveys Absolute permeation
Rate K, and make radar map according to measurement result.
7. tight sand circumference permeability principal direction major and minor axis determines method
Electrical conductivity radar map is stacked by direction corresponding relation with permeability radar map, removes value icons with projected direction
Property, draw major axis 6 and short axle 7 as shown in Figure 4, using major axis as the maximum principal direction θ of permeability in circumferencemax, using short axle as
Minimum principal direction θ of permeability in circumferencemin。
The present invention only illustrates with above-described embodiment, and operations and sequencing all can be varied from,
On the basis of technical solution of the present invention, all improvement individual operations carried out according to the principle of the invention and equivalents, the most should not
Get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention utilizes resistivity anisotropy that the anisotropism of Sandstone Gas Reservoir itself causes to determine its circumference
Permeability principal direction, by measure direction be extended in the circumference of 360 degree, the production development of Sandstone Gas Reservoir is had important
Directive function.
Claims (4)
1. the method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction, it is characterised in that realize according to the following steps:
(1) full diameter tight sand rock sample is made the rock sample needed for experiment, including a block length 25mm, the pie of diameter 100mm
Rock sample and two block length diameters are the standard plunger piston sample of 25mm, and draw the markings representing correspondence direction；
(2) standard plunger piston sample is put in the alternating magnetic field of nonmagnetic spaces and carry out alternating demagnetization, then measure remanent magnetization
Vector also obtains its remanent magnetism mean direction, i.e. obtains average remanent magnetism drift angle and inclination angle, finally obtains required markings relative
Orientation in north geographic pole；The standard plunger piston sample that inclination angle is negative value is carried out pushing up the end and corrects and calculate the markings after correction
Orientation；
(3) pie rock sample level circumference is gone out respectively according to labelling on pie rock sample with the relative position calculation of labelling on standard plunger piston sample
The true geographic direction in individual direction:
First determine that with the relative position of markings on standard plunger piston sample markings arrow in plane points to according to pie rock sample
True bearing, then according to each direction differs the relation of 15 degree once calculates pie rock sample circumference all directions in the layer of original place
True bearing point to,
θ (i+1)=θ (i)+15
In formula, θ, for refer to sideways orientation from the center of circle, is clockwise adjacent relation between θ (i+1) and θ (i)；
(4) use drying baker, pie rock sample is dried under 105 degrees celsius 24h；The saline of configuration 5000mg/L, by cake
Shape rock sample is evacuation the saturated brine that pressurizes together with saline；
(5) measure the relative resistance in upper 12 directions of pie rock sample circumference with " two pole methods ", and measure two-by-two between measuring surface
Distance and the area of each measuring surface, thus calculate the relative resistivities between all directions or relative conductivity；By all directions
True bearing does radar map with corresponding electrical measurement result, thus obtains electrical anisotropy figure in pie rock sample circumference, looks for
To resistivity minimum principal direction or perhaps electrical conductivity maximum principal direction；
(6) according to electrical anisotropy test result, select resistivity maximum azimuthal point, resistivity minimum azimuthal point and at random side
Site, then according to these three azimuthal point drills through 3 selected orientation on remaining full diameter tight sand rock sample same plane
Standard plunger piston sample, the gas testing these 3 standard plunger piston samples respectively is surveyed absolute permeability, and is made radar map according to measurement result；
(7) on electrical conductivity radar map with permeability radar map, all draw major and minor axis, then two width figures compared checking and analyzes,
Using the major axis of coincidence as the maximum principal direction of permeability in circumference, main as the minimum of permeability in circumference using the short axle overlapped
Direction.
The method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
(1) in, pie rock sample with the process step of standard plunger piston sample is:
S21: full diameter tight sand rock sample is upright, draws one in its side and is parallel to full diameter tight sand rock sample axis
Main reference line, then drew with bottom surface, the top end points of this reference line for starting point on full diameter tight sand rock sample cross section
The unified markings of kernel of section point, and draw arrow at markings away from main reference line one end；
S22: cut out the pie rock sample of diameter 100mm, high 25mm from full diameter tight sand rock sample one end, and remaining full diameter
On facet, polishing crosses mark line and the arrow of central point；
S23: have on the cross section of markings circumferentially numeral 1 to 24 on bearing mark at pie rock sample, make the numbers of two differences 12
Word line crosses central point, cuts out 24 smooth rectangle side planes by numeral at pie rock sample periphery；
S24: drill through 2 block length diameters along full diameter tight sand rock sample axis direction and be the standard plunger piston sample of 25mm, and accurate
Really mark relative position and the markings direction of good every piece of standard plunger piston sample drilled through out.
The method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
(5) in, the measurement of circumferentially opposed resistivity is as follows:
Use relative resistance R that two pole methods measure between 12 groups of corresponding surfaces (i, j), and measure each side plane area S (i, j),
Then the relative resistivities size in all directions is:
ρ (i, j)=R (i, j) * S (i, j)/L (and i, j)
σ (i, j)=1/ ρ (i, j)
In formula, i Yu j is side number, | i-j |=12；
(i j) is the relative resistivities between i face and j face to ρ；
(i j) is the spacing in i face and j face to L；
(i j) is the relative conductivity between i face and j face to σ.
The method determining tight sand circumference permeability principal direction the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
(6) in, the method for 3 permeability validation tests is: according to electrical anisotropy test result, select resistivity maximum azimuthal point,
Resistivity minimum azimuthal point and random orientations point, then according to these 3 azimuthal points are same at remaining full diameter tight sand rock sample
Drilling through the standard plunger piston sample in 3 selected orientation in one plane, the gas testing these 3 standard plunger piston samples respectively surveys absolute permeability,
And make radar map according to measurement result.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112925040A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sandstone reservoir permeability anisotropy parameter prediction method and device |
| CN114088595A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-02-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating permeability of alluvial fan-phase overflow sandstone reservoir based on granularity data |
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| CN114088595A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-02-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating permeability of alluvial fan-phase overflow sandstone reservoir based on granularity data |
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| CN106226218B (en) | 2018-10-30 |
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