CN106217217B - A kind of constant pressure simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut - Google Patents
A kind of constant pressure simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut Download PDFInfo
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- CN106217217B CN106217217B CN201610649074.7A CN201610649074A CN106217217B CN 106217217 B CN106217217 B CN 106217217B CN 201610649074 A CN201610649074 A CN 201610649074A CN 106217217 B CN106217217 B CN 106217217B
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- grinding
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- cut
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/003—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving acoustic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to grinding technology and Metallographic Analysis field, refer in particular to a kind of to keep constant pressure grinding state and pass through to change the metallographic grinding and polishing device tried out in corase grinding to fine grinding, rough polishing to finishing polish whole process that grinding angle correction eliminates cut.It includes workbench, grinding mechanism, detecting system, automatic correction system and cooling system.The grinding mechanism includes electric rotating machine, shaft coupling and grinding and polishing disk；The detecting system includes pressure sensor and ultrasonic detecting probe and data collector；Automatic correction system includes sample holding device, spiral vertical movement apparatus, horizontally moving device and rotating mechanism；Cooling system takes away the heat and Cutting Medium when grinding sample by constant stream, in order to avoid influence sample preparation precision.The present invention can adjust contact in real time with the stock removal of sample, and sample is made to be in constant pressure grinding state always；And sample grinding angle can be adjusted by rotating mechanism, it is symmetrical to eliminate the cut generated in grinding process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grinding technology and Metallographic Analysis field, refering in particular to one kind can keep constant pressure grinding state simultaneously can be with
It is ground by changing trying out for grinding angle correction elimination cut in the metallographic roughly ground to fine grinding, rough polishing to finishing polish whole process
Grinding and polishing electro-optical device.
Background technology
Metallographic microanalysis is one of research most important method of metal inside tissue.It is observed and studied with light microscope
The step of metal inside tissue is to prepare materialsed surface first, then selects suitable etchant specimen surface, is used in combination
Metallography microscope sem observation and research specimen surface tissue.
When specimen surface is relatively rough, due to incident light generate diffusing reflection, its interior tissue of micro- sem observation can not be used,
Therefore specimen surface is processed, the method for generally use polishing and polishing, so as to obtain as bright as a sixpence specimen surface.This
Surface can only see a piece of of Bai Liang and can't see its textual details under the microscope, it is therefore necessary to use suitable etchant pair
The surface of sample carries out etch, and specimen surface is made selectively to dissolve some parts (such as crystal boundary), small so as to present
It is uneven, these uneven tissue topographies that style can be shown in the field depth of light microscope, size and
Distribution.
Mechanical lapping polishing refers on certain mechanical device, with the corresponding way of contact, and makees in certain pressure
Under, sample work surface is made to be contacted with the polishing wheel to run at high speed and generates friction, most at last the surplus of finished surface by
It gradually abrades or rubbing down is smooth.Pressure during mechanical lapping between sample and grinding and polishing disk becomes with the variation of stock removal
Change, be difficult to realize constant pressure grinding；The smooth degree and cut of specimen surface have very big shadow to the observation of metallographic structure
It rings, but it is difficult to avoid generating the cut of arc-shaped in specimen surface during being cut using grinding and polishing mill.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of constant pressure and automatically correct eliminate cut accurate metallographic grinding
Burnishing device includes workbench, grinding mechanism, detecting system, automatic correction system and cooling system.
The grinding mechanism includes electric rotating machine, shaft coupling and grinding and polishing disk；Electric rotating machine is installed on the table, passes through it
The shaft coupling of top is connected with grinding and polishing disk, drives grinding and polishing disc spins.
The detecting system includes the pressure sensor at sample holding device and the ultrasound examination at grinding and polishing panel surface
Probe and data collector, pressure sensor and ultrasonic detecting probe are connected respectively with data collector, data collector
The metallographic sand that contact and ultrasonic detecting probe between sample and grinding and polishing disk that reception pressure sensor measures measure
Paper or polishing cloth wear intensity.
Automatic correction system include sample holding device, spiral vertical movement apparatus, horizontally moving device, rotating mechanism with
And electric machine control system；Horizontally moving device includes carrying platform, slide bar, ball-screw, shaft coupling, the first stepper motor and pushes away
Bar；Second stepper motor is fixed on the slide bar of top by spiral vertical movement apparatus by bolt, spiral vertical movement apparatus
Lower section is equipped with sample holding device, and push rod is by the movement of spiral vertical movement apparatus and the ball-screw on carrying platform
Block links together；Ball-screw is connected by shaft coupling with the first stepper motor；The one side of slide bar is fixed on rotation axis
On；Ball-screw is fixed together by carrying platform and rotation axis, and rotating mechanism is mounted on rotation axis bottom and positioned at work
On platform, rotating mechanism is made of rotation gear and the 3rd stepper motor, and rotation gear is fixed in rotation axis, in the 3rd stepping electricity
Gear is installed on machine rotor head, is allowed to engage with rotation gear；Data collector is connected with computer processor, computer disposal
Device is connected with electric machine control system；Electric machine control system is connected with each stepper motor, realizes movement tune of the sample in all directions
Section；The first stepper motor, the second stepper motor and the 3rd stepper motor is controlled to control respectively respectively by electric machine control system
Horizontally moving device processed, vertical movement apparatus and rotating mechanism movement, realize the mutually strain of speed, grinding force and grinding angle
Change.
Spiral vertical movement apparatus is fixed on slide bar to meet the movement requirement of horizontal direction；Spiral vertical movement apparatus
According to the contact between the real-time adjusting sample of variation and grinding and polishing disk of sample stock removal, constant pressure grinding shape is at
State.
Cooling system takes away the heat and Cutting Medium when grinding sample by constant stream, in order to avoid influence sample preparation precision.
Its technical solution is：Grinding and polishing panel surface is placed abrasive paper for metallograph or polishing cloth and is fixed with platen, and sample is tried
Sample clamping device is fixed on above grinding and polishing disk, and sample exceeds sample holding device bottom surface 1mm；Spiral vertical movement apparatus is adjusted,
Sample is made to be contacted with grinding and polishing surface, the contact between sample that pressure sensor measures and grinding and polishing surface passes through data acquisition
Device is transferred to computer processor, and processor sends electric machine control system to after handling data, by controlling second step
Contact between stepper motor adjusting sample and abrasive paper for metallograph adjusts contact with the stock removal of sample, makes in real time
Sample is in constant pressure grinding state always.
Ball-screw apparatus is fixed together by carrying platform and rotation axis, and the first stepper motor passes through shaft coupling and rolling
Ballscrew is connected, and push rod links together the movable block of spiral vertical movement apparatus and ball-screw, and spiral vertically moves dress
It puts and the second stepper motor is fixed on slide bar by fastening bolt, fastening bolt specification is M8 × 45, by controlling the first step
Movable block and push rod in the operating drive ball-screw of stepper motor do transverse movement, so as to fulfill the shifting of sample horizontal direction
It moves and obtains different grinding speeds.
Rotating mechanism is mounted on rotation axis bottom, and rotation axis radius is 14mm, length 300mm, and rotating mechanism is hollow straight
Footpath is 28mm, allows torque 0.9N.m, permissible revolution 200r/min；Rotation gear is fixed in rotation axis, in the 3rd stepping electricity
Gear is installed on machine rotor head, is allowed to engage with rotation gear, and rotation axis is driven by the rotation for controlling the 3rd stepper motor
It rotates；Sample holding device under the constraint of spiral vertical movement apparatus and horizontally moving device with the rotation of rotation axis and
It rotates, so as to realize the change of sample grinding angle, the cut that specimen surface generation is gradually changed with grinding angle, angle
The symmetrical variation of degree can make to generate the symmetrical quantity for eliminating, greatly reducing cut between the cut of specimen surface.
Cooling system is mounted on the right side of grinding and polishing disk, and the heat and Cutting Medium when grinding sample are taken away by constant stream,
So as to improve sample preparation precision；Ultrasonic detecting probe is mounted on above grinding and polishing panel surface at 5mm, abrasive paper for metallograph or polishing cloth mill
Damage amount sends signal prompt replacement when excessive.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention provides a set of gold for being suitable for, from corase grinding to fine grinding, throwing from rough polishing to essence
Phase grinding burnishing device, the device can adjust contact in real time with the stock removal of sample, and sample is made to be in constant pressure always
Power grinding status, and sample grinding angle can be adjusted by rotating mechanism, it is symmetrical to eliminate the cut generated in grinding process.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device structure principle chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Novel spiral vertical movement apparatus structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is Novel horizontal mobile device structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 eliminates schematic diagram for the new cut correction of the present invention.
In figure：1. workbench, 2. electric rotating machines, 3. shaft couplings, 4. grinding and polishing disks, 5. cooling systems, 6. ultrasound examinations are visited
Head, 7. pressure sensors, 8. data collectors, 9. computer processors, 10. electric machine control systems, 11. slide bars, 12. fastening spiral shells
Bolt, 13. second stepper motors, 14. spiral vertical movement apparatus, 15. sample holding devices, 16. push rods, 17. ball-screws,
18. shaft coupling, 19. fastening bolts, 20. first stepper motors, 21. rotating mechanisms, 22. the 3rd stepper motors, 23. rotation axis.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of constant pressure simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut, includes workbench 1, grinding
Mechanism, detecting system, automatic correction system and cooling system 5.
The grinding mechanism includes electric rotating machine 2, shaft coupling 3 and grinding and polishing disk 4.
The pressure sensor 7 that the detecting system includes at sample holding device 15 is examined with ultrasonic wave at 4 surface of grinding and polishing disk
Probing first 6 and data collector 8, data collector 8 receive connecing between the sample that measures of pressure sensor 7 and grinding and polishing surface
The abrasive paper for metallograph or polishing cloth wear intensity that touch pressure and ultrasonic detecting probe 6 measure.
Automatic correction system includes sample holding device 15, spiral vertical movement apparatus 14, horizontally moving device and rotation
Rotation mechanism 21.
Cooling system 5 takes away the heat and Cutting Medium when grinding sample by constant stream, in order to avoid influence sample preparation precision.
AZ31B magnesium alloys are chosen as metallographic experimental study object, magnesium alloy is made to the bulk of 20mm × 10mm × 3mm
Grinding and polishing sample；The abrasive paper for metallograph that granularity is 500# is placed in grinding and polishing panel surface and is fixed with platen, by magnesium alloy sample sample
Clamping device 15 is fixed on 4 top of grinding and polishing disk, and sample exceeds 15 bottom surface 1mm of sample holding device；Adjustment spiral vertically moves dress
14 are put, sample is made to be contacted with grinding and polishing surface, the contact between sample that pressure sensor 7 measures and grinding and polishing surface passes through number
Computer processor 9 is transferred to according to collector 8, computer processor 9 sends electric machine control system to after handling data
10, by the way that the contact between 13 adjusting sample of the second stepper motor and abrasive paper for metallograph is controlled to remain at 200N.
Ball-screw 17 is fixed together by carrying platform and rotation axis 23, and the first stepper motor 20 passes through shaft coupling 18
It is connected with ball-screw 17, push rod 16 links together spiral vertical movement apparatus 14 and the movable block of ball-screw 17, spiral shell
Second stepper motor 13 is fixed on slide bar 11 by rotation vertical movement apparatus 14 by fastening bolt 12, and fastening bolt specification is M8
× 45, horizontal fortune is done by the movable block operated in drive ball-screw 17 and push rod 16 that control the first stepper motor 20
It is dynamic, so as to fulfill sample horizontal direction movement and obtain different grinding speeds, first sample is placed at 1/4 radius of grinding and polishing disk
Carry out preliminary grinding, progress grinding and polishing be then gradually moved at 1/2 radius under the control of horizontally moving device, realize grinding speed by
Gradually increased process avoids initial cut speed is excessive from causing grinding force excessive, and specimen surface grinding is unstable.
Rotating mechanism 21 be mounted on 23 bottom of rotation axis, 23 radius of rotation axis be 14mm, length 300mm, rotating mechanism
21 hollow diameters are 28mm, using zanjon ball bearing, allow torque 0.9N.m, permissible revolution 200r/min；In the 3rd stepping
22 rotor head of motor installs gear, is allowed to engage with rotation gear, rotation gear is fixed together with rotation axis, passes through control
The rotation of 3rd stepper motor 22 drives the rotation of rotation axis；Sample holding device 15 is in vertical movement apparatus 14 and horizontal shifting
As rotation axis 23 rotates under the constraint of dynamic device 17, so as to realize the change of sample grinding angle, specimen surface generates
The cut gradually changed with grinding angle, the symmetrical variation of angle can make to generate between the cut of specimen surface symmetrically to disappear
It removes, greatly reduces the quantity of cut.
Cooling system 5 is mounted on the right side of grinding and polishing disk, and the heat and Cutting Medium when grinding sample are taken away by constant stream,
So as to improve sample preparation precision；Ultrasonic detection device 7 is mounted at 4 surface 5mm of grinding and polishing disk, abrasive paper for metallograph or polishing cloth
Signal prompt replacement is sent when wear extent is excessive.
The abrasive paper for metallograph that granularity is 800#, 1500# and 2000# is replaced after corase grinding respectively, realizes magnesium alloy from corase grinding
To the process of fine grinding；Polishing cloth is replaced, magnesium alloy sample is carried out by rough polishing to essence using 2.5~0.5 μm different of polishing agents
The process of throwing, the final metallographic surface for obtaining high quality.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of constant pressure simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut, it is characterised in that：Described device
Include workbench, grinding mechanism, detecting system and automatic correction system；
The grinding mechanism includes electric rotating machine, shaft coupling and grinding and polishing disk；Electric rotating machine is installed on the table, passes through its top
Shaft coupling be connected with grinding and polishing disk, drive grinding and polishing disc spins；
The detecting system includes the pressure sensor at sample holding device and the ultrasonic detecting probe at grinding and polishing panel surface
And data collector, pressure sensor and ultrasonic detecting probe are connected respectively with data collector, data collector receives
Abrasive paper for metallograph that contact and ultrasonic detecting probe between sample and grinding and polishing disk that pressure sensor measures measure or
Person's polishing cloth wear intensity；
Automatic correction system includes sample holding device, spiral vertical movement apparatus, horizontally moving device, rotating mechanism and electricity
Machine control system；Horizontally moving device includes carrying platform, slide bar, ball-screw, shaft coupling, the first stepper motor and push rod；
Second stepper motor is fixed on the slide bar of top by spiral vertical movement apparatus by bolt, below spiral vertical movement apparatus
Sample holding device is installed, push rod connects spiral vertical movement apparatus and the movable block of the ball-screw on carrying platform
It is connected together；Ball-screw is connected by shaft coupling with the first stepper motor；The one side of slide bar is fixed in rotation axis；Rolling
Ballscrew is fixed together by carrying platform and rotation axis, and rotating mechanism is mounted on rotation axis bottom and on workbench,
Rotating mechanism is made of rotation gear and the 3rd stepper motor, and rotation gear is fixed in rotation axis, is turned in the 3rd stepper motor
Gear is installed in subheader portion, is allowed to engage with rotation gear；Data collector is connected with computer processor, computer processor with
Electric machine control system connects；Electric machine control system is connected with each stepper motor, realizes motor adjustment of the sample in all directions.
2. a kind of constant pressure as described in claim 1 simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut,
It is characterized in that：Cooling system is additionally provided with, cooling system is mounted on the right side of grinding and polishing disk, is taken away by constant stream when grinding sample
Heat and Cutting Medium, in order to avoid influence sample preparation precision；Ultrasonic detecting probe is mounted on above grinding and polishing panel surface at 5mm.
3. a kind of constant pressure as described in claim 1 simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut,
It is characterized in that：Grinding and polishing panel surface is placed abrasive paper for metallograph or polishing cloth and is fixed with platen, and sample sample holding device is consolidated
It is scheduled on above grinding and polishing disk, sample exceeds sample holding device bottom surface 1mm；Spiral vertical movement apparatus is adjusted, makes sample and grinding and polishing
Surface contacts, and the contact between sample that pressure sensor measures and grinding and polishing surface is transferred to calculating by data collector
Machine processor, processor send electric machine control system to after handling data, by the way that the second stepper motor is controlled to adjust examination
Contact between sample and abrasive paper for metallograph or polishing cloth adjusts contact with the stock removal of sample, makes sample in real time
Always it is in constant pressure grinding state.
4. a kind of constant pressure as described in claim 1 simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut,
It is characterized in that：Transverse movement is done by the movable block operated in drive ball-screw and push rod that control the first stepper motor,
So as to fulfill sample horizontal direction movement and obtain different grinding speeds.
5. a kind of constant pressure as described in claim 1 simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut,
It is characterized in that：Rotation axis radius is 14mm, and length 300mm, rotating mechanism hollow diameters are 28mm, use zanjon ball axis
It holds, allows torque 0.9N.m, permissible revolution 200r/min；Turning for rotation axis is driven by the rotation for controlling the 3rd stepper motor
It is dynamic；Sample holding device turns under the constraint of spiral vertical movement apparatus and horizontally moving device with the rotation of rotation axis
It is dynamic, so as to realize the change of sample grinding angle, the cut that specimen surface generation is gradually changed with grinding angle, angle
Symmetrical variation can make to generate the symmetrical quantity for eliminating, greatly reducing cut between the cut of specimen surface.
6. a kind of constant pressure as described in claim 1 simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut,
It is characterized in that：First, second, and third stepper motor length 39mm, motor statical moment 8500mNm, electric current 5.5A；The mill
Electric rotating machine the length 68mm, motor torque 26460mNm, power 40w to dump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610649074.7A CN106217217B (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2016-08-10 | A kind of constant pressure simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610649074.7A CN106217217B (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2016-08-10 | A kind of constant pressure simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106217217A CN106217217A (en) | 2016-12-14 |
| CN106217217B true CN106217217B (en) | 2018-06-01 |
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| CN201610649074.7A Expired - Fee Related CN106217217B (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2016-08-10 | A kind of constant pressure simultaneously automatically corrects the accurate metallographic grinding and polishing device for eliminating cut |
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| CN106217217A (en) | 2016-12-14 |
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