CN106212380A - A kind of Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification - Google Patents
A kind of Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 108091064702 1 family Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 210000001991 scapula Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Small-fat-tail sheep and select excellent method of purification, first it select appropriate number of one-level stud ram and appropriate number of one-level ewe to set up Small-fat-tail sheep selection-breeding underlying group, selection-breeding underlying group one is selected, and each generation is not the most re-introduced into kind of a sheep, carries out locking and breeds；Select and remain in the next generation bred from selection-breeding underlying group a number of G1For ram and G1Godmother sheep；G1Godmother sheep once oestruses, and randomly chooses from G0The seminal fluid breeding of in the stud ram in generation, is not intended to the inbreeding of any degree；From G2Select and remain in Dai a number of Small-fat-tail sheep ram and ewe, the sheep obtained through above step only and underlying group sheep only, constitute together Small-fat-tail sheep select excellent with purify colony.Advantages of the present invention: utilize the Small-fat-tail sheep of the method selection-breeding of the present invention, between the generation, faster, the concordance of population, kind performance are improved the genetic progress relatively traditional method of Specific character, and Seed practical value gets a promotion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to herding breeding field, particularly relate to a kind of Small-fat-tail sheep and select excellent method of purification.
Background technology
In meat sheep produces, " hybrid vigor " refers to the hybridization between different mutton sheep kind, strain or monoid, and its offspring exists
The aspects such as vitality, growth potential and production performance exceed the offspring of parent pure breeding group.But hybridization not necessarily hybridizes excellent
Gesture, hybrid vigor is strong and weak in addition to the certainly genetic distance between parent, also relevant with the performance of parent itself and hereditary homozygosity, with
The selection of hybrid strain group (male parent, female parent), parent flock select excellent with purify, the selection of Crossing system etc. relevant, factors above
All crossbreeding effect is played directly impact.Wherein, hybrid Population pure and impure, the impact on crossbreeding effect is the hugest.
Domestic animal kind is the most distributed more widely, variation is relatively big, so that its Purification is difficult to be made ideal.And population is impure, hybridization effect
Fruit is impossible to ideal, is embodied in: the gene frequency difference between (1) population is impossible to too big, and hybrid vigor is impossible
Significantly；(1) concordance of hybrid is poor, it is impossible to reach the normalization of commodity；(3) mensuration of combining ability is difficult to accurately and reliably；
(4) crossbreeding effect is unstable, it is impossible to accomplish planned, have pre-insight to carry out heterosis utilization work；(5) individual seed selection choosing
Joining the most bothersome, mistake is selected, the probability of mispairing is the biggest.Therefore, parent is the purest, and the advantage of filial generation is more obvious, and concordance is more
Good.In animal breeding, select excellent referring to by for many generations selecting defect individual to improve the flat of hybrid strain colony major traits
All levels, reach to improve the purpose of general combining ability.Purify the method referring to be added by inbreeding selection and improve parental population
Genetic similarity between heredity homozygosity and individuality.
Small-fat-tail sheep is China or even the most famous fur coat, meat dual-purpose kind, has ripe morning, early growth and development
The characteristics such as hurry up, physique is tall and big, and meat is good, and the four seasons oestrus, and reproductive capacity is strong, genetic stability.Production performance: with the west and south, Shandong Province
As a example by the Small-fat-tail sheep that is produced from area, its weight average one full year of life ram is 65 kilograms, and ewe is 46 kilograms；Adult ram is 95,000
Gram, ewe is 49 kilograms.The average ram of clip 3.5 kilograms, ewe 2 kilograms；Early sexual maturity, just oestruses and then may be used for 5-6 month
Lambing lambing percentage 260-270%.But the Small-fat-tail sheep population of various places at present, due to the selection-breeding of long-term lacking systematic science, produces
There is degeneration in various degree in performance and Seed practical value, are embodied in shirtfront undeveloped, and body body is narrow, and rear quarters is the most plentiful,
Meat build is not good enough.Although Small-fat-tail sheep relative growth rate is very fast, but dressing percentage low be its clearly disadvantageous part.
Many research worker are thought, carrying out two-way cross with Small-fat-tail sheep for parent is to improve Mutton yield, Development of Mutton Sheep
The effective measures produced.But the effect of the crossing performance Small-fat-tail sheep of various places shows, the crossing performance of Small-fat-tail sheep is worth far away
Less than theory expectation.One of them important reason is, selecting of Small-fat-tail sheep colony is excellent inadequate with purification, causes the kind of colony to be used
Hydraulic performance decline, affects the effect of crossing performance.The present invention is according to the biological characteristics of Small-fat-tail sheep and the little tail of various places crossing performance
The achievements and experiences lesson that cold sheep obtains, according to animal breeding principle and animal productiong specification, has invented one and has selected excellent purification little
Tail is trembled with fear the technology of sheep.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem, it is provided that a kind of method selecting excellent purification Small-fat-tail sheep, utilizes this
The Small-fat-tail sheep of bright method selection-breeding, the concordance of population, kind performance improved, and crossing performance effect is significantly carried
Rise.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification,
Comprise the following steps:
(1) set up Small-fat-tail sheep selection-breeding underlying group: only select Small-fat-tail sheep stud ram N, only select Small-fat-tail sheep ewe Y,
Composition selection-breeding underlying group, wherein, Y is X times of N, N and X is the natural number more than 2；Selected stud ram is age 3～5 years old, comes
From the individuality more than triplet or triplet, and selected ram need to meet following condition: in one week, described stud ram is adopted by interval for 3 days
When smart twice, semen volume is not less than 1.2 milliliters, motility of sperm more than 60%, and density is that every milliliter of seminal fluid reaches hundred million essences of 20-40
Son, rate of teratosperm≤15%, the appearance traits of described stud ram is close, does not has blood relationship each other；Selected ewe is
Age 4-5 year, more than continuous 4 each product sheep 10 lambs, wean survives more than 9 lambs, is born record without genetic defect offspring；Selection-breeding
Underlying group one is selected, and each generation is not the most re-introduced into kind of a sheep, carries out locking and breeds；
(2) selection:
A, hive off: the every X of described ewe is only a family, and Y ewe forms N number of family altogether, N number of family once it is determined that,
It is not allow for sheep exchange only each other；In any one family, it is to avoid the individuality having relationship by blood occurs simultaneously, ram, mother
Sheep is separately raised, and artificial insemination is implemented in breeding；Being bred by the seminal fluid of 1 stud ram in 1 family, this generation is defined as G0Generation；
B, each family equivalent are reserved seed for planting: G0The next generation in generation is denoted as G1Generation, the G of each stud ram1For ram stays public affairs
Sheep as standby stud ram, the standard of selecting and remain of standby stud ram is: use composite index law to select and remain G1For ram: each family 1
Only, only, concrete way is N number of family N altogether, respectively in N number of family, and the comprehensive choosing of all rams of participating in evaluation and electing in calculating family
Select index, ram the highest for exponential quantity in each family is reserved seed for planting；When using composite index law to calculate, select following 3 indexs: just
Raw weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
G0Each the of future generation of ewe of breeding for each family is all selected and remain according to the standard of independent culling method, G1Godmother
The standard of selecting and remain of sheep particularly as follows: hip width when chest measurement when birth weight, 6 monthly age and 6 monthly age all all participate in evaluation and electing individual flat
On average；Every ewe simultaneously meeting three above standard is selected in, and those who do not meet eliminate, if each family meets independence
The ewe number of culling level more than X only, is as the criterion with birth weight, X position before selecting and remain；
c、G1In generation, breeds and G2Select and remain for individuality:
Implement random packet artificial insemination breeding: come from the G of N number of family1Godmother sheep once oestruses, and only randomly chooses N
From G0The seminal fluid breeding of in the stud ram in generation, is not intended to the inbreeding of any degree；
G2Select and remain quantity and method and the G of godmother sheep0Godmother sheep select and remain quantity and method identical, G2Selecting and remain for ram
For based on all of G2For the composite index score of ram, according to exponential quantity order from high to low, top N of selecting and remain, use and combine
When hop index method calculates, the index of selection is: birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
Described G2In generation, refers to G1The next generation in generation；Described birth weight is the connatae body weight of lamb, and unit is kg；Described testis
Ball encloses and refers to one year old ram testis scrotum girth, and measurement site is maximum in the middle part of testis scrotum, and moccasin chi measures, unit li
Rice；Described chest measurement is scapula rear end, around the chest length of one week, unit centimetre；Between described hip width refers to that two hipbones are prominent
Air line distance；
(3) sheep obtained through above step only and underlying group sheep only, constitute together Small-fat-tail sheep select excellent with purify
Colony.
At the end of the Small-fat-tail sheep using the present invention selects excellent method of purification selection-breeding, the stud ram of colony is 3N, breeds mother
Sheep about 3Y is only.The important production traits of colony is improved, and appearance traits is basically identical, and heredity homozygosity gets a promotion, for opening
The utilization of exhibition heterosis, hybrid vigor is had laid a good foundation.The present invention is according to the biological characteristics of Small-fat-tail sheep and various places crossing performance
The achievements and experiences lesson that Small-fat-tail sheep obtains, according to animal breeding principle and animal productiong specification, utilizes modern animal breeding
Principle, for biological characteristics and the market demand of Small-fat-tail sheep, has invented a kind of technical method selecting excellent purification Small-fat-tail sheep,
By this method, the community average, all of the important economical trait such as Growth Traits of Small-fat-tail sheep colony can be effectively improved
Evenness and heredity homozygosity, the crossing performance improving Small-fat-tail sheep is worth.
Preferably, described N is the natural number more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6, and described X is more than or equal to 15 and to be less than
In the natural number of 25.
Preferably, described N is 5, and Y is 100, and X is 20.
Preferably, described N is 4, and Y is 88, and X is 22.
Preferably, described N is 6, and Y is 90, and X is 15.
Some vocabularies of terms relevant with the present invention:
General combining ability: after referring to a certain parental breed and some other mixing breeds, magazine offspring is quantitative at certain
The meansigma methods of performance on shape.
Independent culling method: refer in the selection course of animal, selects several character simultaneously, respectively provides minimum standards, only
There is a character not up to standard, i.e. give superseded.This method is simple, can receive the effect comprehensively improving Selection effect.But this
Some are easily only had indivedual character to be not reaching to standard by the result of kind of method choice, and the most outstanding individuality of other aspects is washed in a pan
Eliminate, and each character often got off of selecting and remain all shows medium individuality.This method shortcoming is to each character economically
The height of importance and heritability is all not given to consider.
Index selection method: refer to some character to be selected to carry out respectively marking or weight (weighting system by its degree
Number method).And the scoring of each character or weighted value be added draw total score or total weighted value, it is alternatively that index, index
High individuality is selected and remain kind of a use, and remaining is eliminated.Index selection method is based on multiple selection index and selects.This index is should
Using number genetics principle, the phenotypic number of the some character that will select, according to its heritability, significant levels economically and property
Phenotypic correlation between shape and heredity is relevant and work out one can make the numerical value that is compared to each other between individuality, then determine by exponential size
Determine selecting and remain of animal.
In index selection method, the computing formula of selection index is:
WiIt it is the economic weight of i-th character；
h2 iIt it is the hereditary weighted value (heritability) of i-th character；
PiIt it is the individual phenotypic number of i-th character；
It it is colony's average of i-th character；
I is multiple selection index.
During in order to select the most conveniently, the index of each trait phenotypes average can be set to 100, method is by formula
It is multiplied by a crossing-over value a, makes I=100, it may be assumed that
WhenThen:
Make a1=aW1h2 1, a2=aW2h2 2..., an=aWnh2 n, then
Small-fat-tail sheep is the Local Excellent kind of Shandong Province.Any domestic animal kind, due to natural selection and artificial choosing
The antagonistic effect selected, as long as artificially breeding improper measures, the production performance of kind and adaptability etc. arise that decline.Existing
Select excellent purification technique, general main wait assortative mating individuality by whether strong the traditional appearance traits according to sheep is and carry out
Apolegamy, lacks clear and definite selection traits, also lacks concrete selection standard, dare not utilize inbreeding, and the accuracy of seed selection is the highest, generation
Between Dai, genetic progress is slow, and variety purification effect is the most notable.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention utilizes modern animal breeding principle, for little tail
The biological characteristics of cold sheep and the market demand, invented a kind of technical method selecting excellent purification Small-fat-tail sheep.This method for public,
Ewe has clear and definite different selection traits, and the selection of male and female sheep all uses index selection method, the kind of male and female sheep is used
Performance is quantified, and the accuracy of seed selection is improved；Secondly, this technology allows suitable inbreeding to promote gene when apolegamy
Isozygoty, be effectively increased the community average of important economical trait such as Growth Traits of Small-fat-tail sheep colony, the uniformity
With heredity homozygosity, it is notable that breed selection purifies effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Below example facilitates a better understanding of the present invention, but does not limit the present invention.Experiment in following embodiment
Method, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification, comprises the following steps:
(1) set up Small-fat-tail sheep selection-breeding underlying group: select Small-fat-tail sheep stud ram 5, select Small-fat-tail sheep ewe 100
Only, selection-breeding underlying group is formed；Selected stud ram is age 3～5 years old, come from triplet or more than triplet individuality, and selected public affairs
Sheep need to meet following condition: when in one week, interval 3 days is to described stud ram semen collection twice, semen volume is not less than 1.2 milliliters, sperm
Vigor more than 60%, density is that every milliliter of seminal fluid reaches hundred million sperms of 20-40, rate of teratosperm≤15%, and described stud ram
Appearance traits close, there is no blood relationship each other；Selected ewe be age 4-5 year, continuous 4 each product sheep 10 lambs with
On, wean survives more than 9 lambs, is born record without genetic defect offspring；Selection-breeding underlying group one is selected, and each generation is not re-introduced into
Plant sheep, carry out locking and breed；
(2) selection:
A, hive off: every 20 of described ewe is a family, and 100 ewes form 5 familys altogether, and 5 familys are the most true
Fixed, it is not allow for sheep exchange only each other；In any one family, it is to avoid the individuality having relationship by blood occurs simultaneously, ram,
Ewe is separately raised, and artificial insemination is implemented in breeding；Being bred by the seminal fluid of 1 stud ram in 1 family, this generation is defined as G0
Generation.
B, each family equivalent are reserved seed for planting: G0The next generation in generation is denoted as G1Generation, the G of each stud ram1For ram stays one
Ram as standby stud ram, the standard of selecting and remain of standby stud ram is: use composite index law to select and remain G1For ram: each family
1,5 familys totally 5, concrete way is, respectively in 5 familys, calculates the comprehensive of all rams of participating in evaluation and electing in family
Select index, ram the highest for exponential quantity in each family is reserved seed for planting；When using composite index law to calculate, following 3 indexs of selection:
Birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
G0Each the of future generation of ewe of breeding for each family is all selected and remain according to the standard of independent culling method, G1Godmother
The standard of selecting and remain of sheep particularly as follows: hip width when chest measurement when birth weight, 6 monthly age and 6 monthly age all all participate in evaluation and electing individual flat
On average；Every ewe simultaneously meeting three above standard is selected in, and those who do not meet eliminate, if each family meets independence
The ewe number of culling level, more than 20, is as the criterion with birth weight, selects and remain first 20, eliminates the ewe not having offspring to be selected and remain；
c、G1In generation, breeds and G2Select and remain for individuality:
Implement random packet artificial insemination breeding: come from the G of 5 familys1Godmother sheep once oestruses, and randomly chooses 5
From G0The seminal fluid breeding of in the stud ram in generation, is not intended to the inbreeding of any degree, is beneficial to promote colony the purest
Close；
G2Select and remain quantity and method and the G of godmother sheep0Godmother sheep select and remain quantity and method identical, G2Selecting and remain for ram
For based on all of G2For the composite index score of ram, according to decision queue from high to low, select and remain first 5, use comprehensive
When index method calculates, select following 3 indexs: birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
Described G2In generation, refers to G1The next generation in generation；Described birth weight is the connatae body weight of lamb, and unit is kg；Described testis
Ball encloses and refers to one year old ram testis scrotum girth, and testis encloses and measure in mating season, and now testis metabolism is vigorous,
Measurement site is maximum in the middle part of testis scrotum, and moccasin chi measures, unit centimetre；Described chest measurement is scapula rear end, around breast
Portion's length of one week, unit centimetre；Described hip width refer to two hipbones prominent between air line distance；
(3) sheep obtained through above step only and underlying group sheep only, constitute together Small-fat-tail sheep select excellent with purify
Colony.
Now, the stud ram of colony is 15, breeds ewe about 300.The important production traits of colony is improved, body
Type appearance is basically identical, and heredity homozygosity gets a promotion, and haves laid a good foundation for carrying out the utilization of heterosis, hybrid vigor.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification, comprises the following steps:
(1) set up Small-fat-tail sheep selection-breeding underlying group: select Small-fat-tail sheep stud ram 4, select Small-fat-tail sheep ewe 88,
Composition selection-breeding underlying group；Selected stud ram is age 3～5 years old, come from triplet or more than triplet individuality, and selected ram needs
Meet following condition: when interval 3 days is to described stud ram semen collection twice in one week, semen volume is not less than 1.2 milliliters, motility of sperm
More than 60%, density is that every milliliter of seminal fluid reaches hundred million sperms of 20-40, rate of teratosperm≤15%, and the body of described stud ram
Type appearance is close, does not has blood relationship each other；Selected ewe be age 4-5 year, more than continuous 4 each product sheep 10 lambs,
Wean survives more than 9 lambs, is born record without genetic defect offspring；Selection-breeding underlying group one is selected, and each not the most being re-introduced into from generation to generation is planted
Sheep, carries out locking and breeds；
(2) selection:
A, hive off: every 22 of described ewe is a family, and 88 ewes form 4 familys altogether, and 4 familys are the most true
Fixed, it is not allow for sheep exchange only each other；In any one family, it is to avoid the individuality having relationship by blood occurs simultaneously, ram,
Ewe is separately raised, and artificial insemination is implemented in breeding；Being bred by the seminal fluid of 1 stud ram in 1 family, this generation is defined as G0
Generation.
B, each family equivalent are reserved seed for planting: G0The next generation in generation is denoted as G1Generation, the G of each stud ram1For ram stays one
Ram as standby stud ram, the standard of selecting and remain of standby stud ram is: use composite index law to select and remain G1For ram: each family
1,4 familys totally 4, concrete way is, respectively in 4 familys, calculates the comprehensive of all rams of participating in evaluation and electing in family
Select index, ram the highest for exponential quantity in each family is reserved seed for planting；When using composite index law to calculate, following 3 indexs of selection:
Birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
G0Each the of future generation of ewe of breeding for each family is all selected and remain according to the standard of independent culling method, G1Godmother
The standard of selecting and remain of sheep particularly as follows: hip width when chest measurement when birth weight, 6 monthly age and 6 monthly age all all participate in evaluation and electing individual flat
On average；Every ewe simultaneously meeting three above standard is selected in, and those who do not meet eliminate, if each family meets independence
The ewe number of culling level, more than 22, is as the criterion with birth weight, selects and remain first 22, eliminates the ewe not having offspring to be selected and remain；
c、G1In generation, breeds and G2Select and remain for individuality:
Implement random packet artificial insemination breeding: come from the G of 4 familys1Godmother sheep once oestruses, and randomly chooses 4
From G0The seminal fluid breeding of in the stud ram in generation, is not intended to the inbreeding of any degree, is beneficial to promote colony the purest
Close；
G2Select and remain quantity and method and the G of godmother sheep0Godmother sheep select and remain quantity and method identical, G2Selecting and remain for ram
For based on all of G2For the composite index score of ram, according to decision queue from high to low, select and remain first 4, use comprehensive
When index method calculates, select following 3 indexs: birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
Described G2In generation, refers to G1The next generation in generation；Described birth weight is the connatae body weight of lamb, and unit is kg；Described testis
Ball encloses and refers to one year old ram testis scrotum girth, and testis encloses and measure in mating season, and now testis metabolism is vigorous,
Measurement site is maximum in the middle part of testis scrotum, and moccasin chi measures, unit centimetre；Described chest measurement is scapula rear end, around breast
Portion's length of one week, unit centimetre；Described hip width refer to two hipbones prominent between air line distance；
(3) sheep obtained through above step only and underlying group sheep only, constitute together Small-fat-tail sheep select excellent with purify
Colony.
Now, the stud ram of colony is 12, breeds ewe about 264.The important production traits of colony is improved, body
Type appearance is basically identical, and heredity homozygosity gets a promotion, and haves laid a good foundation for carrying out the utilization of heterosis, hybrid vigor.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification, comprises the following steps:
(1) set up Small-fat-tail sheep selection-breeding underlying group: select Small-fat-tail sheep stud ram 6, select Small-fat-tail sheep ewe 90,
Composition selection-breeding underlying group；Selected stud ram is age 3～5 years old, come from triplet or more than triplet individuality, and selected ram needs
Meet following condition: when interval 3 days is to described stud ram semen collection twice in one week, semen volume is not less than 1.2 milliliters, motility of sperm
More than 60%, density is that every milliliter of seminal fluid reaches hundred million sperms of 20-40, rate of teratosperm≤15%, and the body of described stud ram
Type appearance is close, does not has blood relationship each other；Selected ewe be age 4-5 year, more than continuous 4 each product sheep 10 lambs,
Wean survives more than 9 lambs, is born record without genetic defect offspring；Selection-breeding underlying group one is selected, and each not the most being re-introduced into from generation to generation is planted
Sheep, carries out locking and breeds；
(2) selection:
A, hive off: described ewe 15 is only a family, and 90 ewes form 6 familys altogether, 6 familys once it is determined that,
It is not allow for sheep exchange only each other；In any one family, it is to avoid the individuality having relationship by blood occurs simultaneously, ram, mother
Sheep is separately raised, and artificial insemination is implemented in breeding；Being bred by the seminal fluid of 1 stud ram in 1 family, this generation is defined as G0Generation.
B, each family equivalent are reserved seed for planting: G0The next generation in generation is denoted as G1Generation, the G of each stud ram1For ram stays one
Ram as standby stud ram, the standard of selecting and remain of standby stud ram is: use composite index law to select and remain G1For ram: each family
1,6 familys totally 6, concrete way is, respectively in 6 familys, calculates the comprehensive of all rams of participating in evaluation and electing in family
Select index, ram the highest for exponential quantity in each family is reserved seed for planting；When using composite index law to calculate, following 3 indexs of selection:
Birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
G0Each the of future generation of ewe of breeding for each family is all selected and remain according to the standard of independent culling method, G1Godmother
The standard of selecting and remain of sheep particularly as follows: hip width when chest measurement when birth weight, 6 monthly age and 6 monthly age all all participate in evaluation and electing individual flat
On average；Every ewe simultaneously meeting three above standard is selected in, and those who do not meet eliminate, if each family meets independence
The ewe number of culling level, more than 15, is as the criterion with birth weight, selects and remain first 15, eliminates the ewe not having offspring to be selected and remain；
c、G1In generation, breeds and G2Select and remain for individuality:
Implement random packet artificial insemination breeding: come from the G of 6 familys1Godmother sheep once oestruses, and randomly chooses 6
From G0The seminal fluid breeding of in the stud ram in generation, is not intended to the inbreeding of any degree, is beneficial to promote colony the purest
Close；
G2Select and remain quantity and method and the G of godmother sheep0Godmother sheep select and remain quantity and method identical, G2Selecting and remain for ram
For based on all of G2For the composite index score of ram, according to decision queue from high to low, select and remain first 6, use comprehensive
When index method calculates, select following 3 indexs: birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
Described G2In generation, refers to G1The next generation in generation；Described birth weight is the connatae body weight of lamb, and unit is kg；Described testis
Ball encloses and refers to one year old ram testis scrotum girth, and testis encloses and measure in mating season, and now testis metabolism is vigorous,
Measurement site is maximum in the middle part of testis scrotum, and moccasin chi measures, unit centimetre；Described chest measurement is scapula rear end, around breast
Portion's length of one week, unit centimetre；Described hip width refer to two hipbones prominent between air line distance；
(3) sheep obtained through above step only and underlying group sheep only, constitute together Small-fat-tail sheep select excellent with purify
Colony.
Now, the stud ram of colony is 18, breeds ewe about 270.The important production traits of colony is improved, body
Type appearance is basically identical, and heredity homozygosity gets a promotion, and haves laid a good foundation for carrying out the utilization of heterosis, hybrid vigor.
Composite index law computational methods:
Example: certain crowd of Small-fat-tail sheep birth weight average out to 2.0kg, one full year of life ram testis encloses average out to 26cm, chest measurement average out to
110cm, their heritability is respectively 0.25,0.40,0.50, according to breeding objective and Economic Importance, three individual characteies given
" power " number of shape is respectively 0.40,0.40,0.20.The birth weight (kg) of this group of sheep is ordered in trial-production, testis encloses (cm), chest measurement (cm) three
The selection index of individual character.
Step 1 calculates a value
W1Represent the weighting of first character, W2Represent the weighting of second individual character shape, W3Represent the weighting of the 3rd character.
h1 2Represent the heritability of first character, h2 2Represent the heritability of second individual character shape, h3 2: represent the heritability of the 3rd character.
Step 2 is proportionately distributed to three character a value (277.78), obtains a1, a2 and a3 respectively,
A1=aW1h2 1=277.78 × 0.4 × 0.25=27.78
A2=aW2h2 2=277.78 × 0.4 × 0.4=44.44
A3=aW3h2 3=277.78 × 0.5 × 0.2=27.78
Step 3 calculates and selects index formula, by aiValue substitutes into formula
Step 4 calculates the I value of individuality, the aggregative index value that the most all evaluations are individual.Every sheep to be determined
The phenotypic number of corresponding character, be directly substituted into aggregative index computation formula above, i.e. can get the index of every sheep；Then,
By exponential size discharge ranking, according to sheep number of reserving seed for planting number, determine ranking of reserving seed for planting.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvement, these improve the guarantor that should be regarded as the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (5)
1. a Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) set up Small-fat-tail sheep selection-breeding underlying group: only select Small-fat-tail sheep stud ram N, only select Small-fat-tail sheep ewe Y, composition
Selection-breeding underlying group, wherein, Y is X times of N, N and X is the natural number more than 2；Selected stud ram is age 3～5 years old, comes from
Individuality more than triplet or triplet, and selected ram need to meet following condition: in one week, interval 3 days is to described stud ram semen collection two
Time secondary, semen volume is not less than 1.2 milliliters, motility of sperm more than 60%, and density is that every milliliter of seminal fluid reaches hundred million sperms of 20-40,
Rate of teratosperm≤15%, the appearance traits of described stud ram is close, does not has blood relationship each other；Selected ewe is the age
4-5 year, more than continuous 4 each product sheep 10 lambs, wean survives more than 9 lambs, is born record without genetic defect offspring；Selection-breeding basis
Group one is selected, and each generation is not the most re-introduced into kind of a sheep, carries out locking and breeds；
(2) selection:
A, hive off: the every X of described ewe is only a family, and Y ewe forms N number of family altogether, N number of family once it is determined that, mutually
Between be not allow for sheep exchange only；In any one family, it is to avoid the individuality having relationship by blood occurs simultaneously, ram, ewe are divided
Opening raising, artificial insemination is implemented in breeding；Being bred by the seminal fluid of 1 stud ram in 1 family, this generation is defined as G0Generation；
B, each family equivalent are reserved seed for planting: G0The next generation in generation is denoted as G1Generation, the G of each stud ram1Make for ram stays a ram
For standby stud ram, the standard of selecting and remain of standby stud ram is: use composite index law to select and remain G1For ram: each family 1, N
Only, concrete way is individual family N altogether, and respectively in N number of family, the combined selection calculating all rams of participating in evaluation and electing in family refers to
Number, reserves seed for planting ram the highest for exponential quantity in each family；When using composite index law to calculate, select following 3 indexs: nascent
Weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
G0Each the of future generation of ewe of breeding for each family is all selected and remain according to the standard of independent culling method, G1Godmother sheep
Standard of selecting and remain is particularly as follows: hip width when chest measurement when birth weight, 6 monthly age and 6 monthly age is all in the individual meansigma methods that all participates in evaluation and electing
On；Every ewe simultaneously meeting three above standard is selected in, and those who do not meet eliminate, if each family meets independent eliminating
The ewe number of standard more than X only, is as the criterion with birth weight, X position before selecting and remain；
c、G1In generation, breeds and G2Select and remain for individuality:
Implement random packet artificial insemination breeding: come from the G of N number of family1Godmother sheep once oestruses, and randomly chooses N and only is from G0
The seminal fluid breeding of in the stud ram in generation, is not intended to the inbreeding of any degree；
G2Select and remain quantity and method and the G of godmother sheep0Godmother sheep select and remain quantity and method identical, G2Selecting and remain as base for ram
In all of G2For the composite index score of ram, according to exponential quantity order from high to low, top N of selecting and remain, use and comprehensively refer to
When number method calculates, the index of selection is: birth weight, testis enclose, chest measurement；
Described G2In generation, refers to G1The next generation in generation；Described birth weight is the connatae body weight of lamb, and unit is kg；Described testis encloses
Referring to one year old ram testis scrotum girth, measurement site is maximum in the middle part of testis scrotum, and moccasin chi measures, unit centimetre；
Described chest measurement is scapula rear end, around the chest length of one week, unit centimetre；Described hip width refer to two hipbones prominent between straight
Linear distance；
(3) sheep obtained through above step only and underlying group sheep only, constitute together Small-fat-tail sheep select excellent with purify colony.
Small-fat-tail sheep the most according to claim 1 selects excellent method of purification, it is characterised in that: described N is more than or equal to 4 and little
In the natural number equal to 6, described X is the natural number more than or equal to 15 and less than or equal to 25.
Small-fat-tail sheep the most according to claim 1 selects excellent method of purification, it is characterised in that: described N is 5, and Y is 100, and X is
20。
Small-fat-tail sheep the most according to claim 1 selects excellent method of purification, it is characterised in that: described N is 4, and Y is 88, and X is
22。
Small-fat-tail sheep the most according to claim 1 selects excellent method of purification, it is characterised in that: described N is 6, and Y is 90, and X is
15。
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| CN107006428A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-08-04 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of breeding method of meat sheep for breeding |
| CN107581151A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 广西金诚双丰农牧科技有限公司 | The paternal breeding method of Rhizomys sinesis terminal |
| CN108713525A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-30 | 内蒙古东达獭兔循环产业研究院 | A kind of select index rabbit method and rabbit breeding management system improving breeding effect |
| CN109804971A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 杨博辉 | A kind of quick breeding method based on high mountain Merino early growth traits |
| CN110214744A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-10 | 临沂市农业科学院 | A kind of Yimeng black goat purification and rejuvenation method |
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| CN110214744A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-10 | 临沂市农业科学院 | A kind of Yimeng black goat purification and rejuvenation method |
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