CN106212100B - Slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing planting matrix and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing planting matrix and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106212100B CN106212100B CN201610598741.3A CN201610598741A CN106212100B CN 106212100 B CN106212100 B CN 106212100B CN 201610598741 A CN201610598741 A CN 201610598741A CN 106212100 B CN106212100 B CN 106212100B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing planting matrix and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the mixture comprises an asphalt material and the planting matrix, and the asphalt material comprises the following components: 80-84 parts of rock asphalt, 7-8 parts of E-51 epoxy resin, 1-4 parts of methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride and 1-4 parts of hydrophilic auxiliary agent; the planting substrate comprises: 3-5 parts of vermiculite powder, 4-6 parts of perlite powder, 2-4 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4-7 parts of soilless culture nutrient solution, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 58-64 parts of nutrient soil, 8-11 parts of long-acting organic compound fertilizer, 1-5 parts of kieselguhr and 2-6 parts of coal cinder; the asphalt material is soaked in the plant matrix or the plant matrix is poured on the asphalt material. The invention has the advantages of good durability, vigorous plant production and strong applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an environment-friendly vegetation type asphalt mixture, in particular to a slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing a planting matrix and a preparation method thereof, which are mainly applied to greening and protecting the surfaces of houses, municipal works slope structures, river both banks, revetments and the like.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of socio-economy in China, the load of the civil and architectural engineering activities of large scale and unprecedented quantity, which are developed in large and medium cities, on the environment is not negligible. Traditional engineering components such as roads, estuaries, revetments and the like are generally made of concrete prepared from materials such as cement, stones, reinforcing steel bars, sand and the like, are closed and impermeable, and plants cannot grow, so that the natural water and soil environment is thoroughly destroyed, and the ecological environment is obviously negatively influenced; modern cities are covered by buildings and dense and waterproof roads and terraces, the closed concrete building materials have no water permeability and air permeability, the surface temperature can reach 40-60 ℃ in summer, the 'heat island effect' of the cities is aggravated, and urban rainwater is easy to accumulate to cause waterlogging. In addition, some cities also experience a constant drop in groundwater level due to unsupplemented groundwater, resulting in cracking and tilting of the building.
The plant-grass ecological asphalt mixture is an ecological friendly asphalt mixture in which plants can directly grow, and is essentially a porous asphalt mixture with continuous pores, water and air can easily pass through or exist in continuous channels of the porous asphalt mixture, and the plant-grass ecological asphalt mixture is a novel technology for introducing plants into the asphalt mixture. The ecological environment is improved and restored, water and soil resources are protected and sustainable development is maintained in a real sense, and the ecological environment is a hot point for studying by scholars at home and abroad.
In the existing plant growing type mixture of the same type, the plant growing base material formula and the structure (200410022453.0) of the patent slope protection vegetation concrete are invented, and the plant growing base material formula and the structure of the slope protection vegetation concrete, which have the advantages of simple structure, easy preparation, good water retention performance and erosion resistance, are provided. The invention discloses a plant culture medium (200510047466.8) for mountain greening vegetation, which mainly considers the adverse factors of vegetation growth in mountains, but the change of vegetation growth environment caused by river water in river course slope protection engineering is not fully considered in the mixture ratio of the culture medium, so that the applicability is greatly restricted. The invention discloses a rock slope spray-mixed plant raw material and a preparation and construction method (02115391.4) thereof, which develops the spray-mixed plant raw material which can grow and develop on the surface of a rock slope rapidly and is not easy to be washed by rainwater, but the proportion of the plant raw material has no good economy and can not exert the advantages in projects such as river bank protection, roofs, highway slopes and the like.
In conclusion, the existing ecological plant growth mixture or vegetation culture medium of the same type has a plurality of defects in economy, technology or operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing a planting matrix, which has the advantages of good durability, vigorous plant production and strong applicability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing planting matrix comprises a vegetation type asphalt mixture (asphalt material) and the planting matrix, wherein the asphalt material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the planting matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the asphalt material is soaked in the planting matrix or the planting matrix is poured on the asphalt material.
The hydrophilic assistant of the invention can be selected from amino modified organic silicon emulsion, polyester resin and the like.
The soilless culture nutrient solution of the invention is a nutrient solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and can be purchased from commercial products directly, such as Meile Ke nutrient solution.
The nutrient soil is nutrient soil with the particle size of less than 0.1mm, and can adopt commercially available nutrient soil.
The long-acting organic compound fertilizer mainly refers to a fertilizer formed by fermenting and decomposing various animals, plants and the like for a certain period of time; commercially available products such as microbial organic compound fertilizer, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and the like sold by green Tao organic Compound fertilizers, Inc. in Yulin may be used.
The diatomite has a specific surface area of 40-58m2Per gram of diatomaceous earth.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing the planting matrix, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, according to the formula proportion, the rock asphalt, the E-51 epoxy resin, the methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride and the hydrophilic auxiliary agent are stirred in a shearing and stirring mode, the stirring speed is controlled to be 800-;
(2) pouring the plant growing type asphalt mixture prepared in the step (1) into a container, developing for 0.5-1.5h in a constant temperature box at the temperature of 130-;
(3) preparing a solution from the soilless culture nutrient solution and ferrous sulfate particles according to the formula proportion;
(4) uniformly mixing and stirring the vermiculite powder, the perlite, the nutrient soil, the long-acting organic compound fertilizer, the diatomite, the coal cinder and the plant seeds to be planted according to the formula proportion, pouring the prepared mixture into the solution prepared in the step (3) in batches, adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a thickening agent, and stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain a planting matrix containing the plant seeds to be planted;
(5) and finally, pouring the uniformly stirred viscous planting matrix on the surface of the asphalt mixture, wherein the planting matrix enters the interior of the asphalt material along the porous asphalt material, or placing the asphalt material in the planting matrix for 25-35 minutes and then taking out.
The prepared slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing the planting matrix is used for planting plants under different conditions according to different river channel side slope forms.
Water can also be added into the solution in the step (3) of the invention, if water is added, the amount of the water is determined according to the concentration of the nutrient solution, and components are not necessarily added, the concentration of the nutrient solution is 3-10 g of fertilizer added into each liter of water, and if the concentration of the nutrient solution is higher than the concentration, the nutrient solution can be properly diluted with the water to the concentration.
The seeds in the step (4) of the invention are festuca arundinacea, zoysia japonica, eremochloa ophiuroides and the like, and the specific addition amount of the seeds in the planting substrate is 20-35 g/square meter of the festuca arundinacea, 15-25 g/square meter of the eremochloa ophiuroides and 10-25 g/square meter of the zoysia japonica.
The slope protection vegetation form asphalt mixture containing the plant matrix is applied to greening and protection of surfaces of houses, urban municipal engineering slope structures, river two-bank slope protection and the like.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture is based on polymer materials science, mineralogy and inorganic non-metal materials science, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride is introduced into the mixture preparation for the first time so as to realize the macroporosity of the slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture, the surfaces of aggregates are fully wrapped by asphalt, and a continuous void structure is formed by utilizing point contact among the aggregates and certain strength is formed, so that the purpose of plant growth is achieved; the hydrophilic auxiliary agent is added, and amino modified organic silicon emulsion, polyester resin and the like can be selected, so that the water stability, the peel resistance and the water permeability can be obviously improved, and the durability of the vegetation type asphalt mixture under the condition of long-term river water soaking can be met. In addition, the density of each raw materials of pitch material is rationally injectd for the bank protection vegetation type bituminous mixture of preparation has reasonable intensity and mechanical properties, can also compromise the void structure simultaneously, makes the adhesion performance of planting the matrix strong, and is more lasting.
2. The requirements of planting matrixes suitable for different plants are different, and the planting matrixes have good physicochemical and biological characteristics, so that the water retention, drainage and ventilation of the matrixes, the germination rate of seeds, the adhesion of roots and the like are improved by selecting the vermiculite powder and the perlite powder; chemical additives such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, soilless culture nutrient solution, ferrous sulfate and the like are added, so that the pH value, the conductivity, the cation exchange capacity and the nutrient composition of the planting matrix can be adjusted, and the growth speed, the height and the flourishing degree of plants can be effectively improved; the addition of the nutrient soil and the long-acting organic compound ensures that the planting matrix keeps good biological characteristics, can promote the dense growth of plants, enhance nutrient absorption, improve the survival rate, disease resistance and the like, and ensure the healthy growth of the plants. The planting substrate does not need to supply nutrient components for the vegetation independently, and the substrate and the soilless culture nutrient solution can fill the pores in the porous asphalt mixture in a penetration mode, so that a carrier and needed nutrients are provided for the growth and later development of plant roots.
3. The substrate of the invention adopts two components of diatomite and coal cinder, wherein the specific surface area of the diatomite is 40-58m2The diatomite with the fineness is a porous substance, can enter pores of the asphalt material and plays a role in preserving moisture, water and nutrient components in the planting matrix, so that the whole vegetation type asphalt mixture is more durable; the adoption of the coal cinder is one of the important nutrient components of the soilless culture substrate, and the porous structure of the coal cinder can facilitate the entering of the root system of the planted vegetation, improve the culture firmness of the vegetation and improve the rain wash resistance.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated below:
example (b):
plant growing type asphalt mixture: the invention relates to a plant growing type asphalt mixture, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps of (1) cutting and stirring rock asphalt, E-51 epoxy resin, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride and a hydrophilic auxiliary agent, controlling the stirring speed to be 2500r/min, and stirring for 60-70 minutes at the stirring temperature of 100-150 ℃ until the mixture is good in uniformity;
and pouring the prepared vegetation type asphalt mixture into a container, developing in a thermostat at 150 ℃ for about 1 hour, taking out, then stirring for 10 minutes at 150 ℃ in a common way, pouring a building block structure of the vegetation type asphalt mixture, and finally controlling stable environment temperature and humidity for maintenance.
The specific raw material formula is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Examples | 1 (Unit portion) | 2 (Unit parts) | 3 (Unit parts) |
| Rock asphalt | 80 | 82 | 84 |
| E-51 epoxy resin | 8 | 7 | 7.5 |
| Methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride | 4 | 3 | 3.5 |
| Hydrophilic auxiliary | 4 | 3 | 3 |
The plant growing type asphalt mixture containing the planting matrix comprises the following components: firstly, preparing a solution from a soilless culture nutrient solution, ferrous sulfate particles and water according to a formula ratio; then, uniformly mixing and stirring the vermiculite powder, the perlite, the nutrient soil, the long-acting organic compound fertilizer, the diatomite, the coal cinder, the plant seeds to be planted and the like according to the formula proportion, pouring the mixture into the solution in batches, adding a CMC-Na thickening agent and stirring the mixture uniformly; and finally, infiltrating the uniformly stirred viscous planting matrix into the surface of the macroporous asphalt mixture block, or putting the porous asphalt into a matrix solution for 30 minutes, then taking out, and planting the plants under different conditions according to different river slope forms.
The specific planting substrate has the following components in percentage by weight as shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
| Examples | 1 (Unit portion) | 2 (Unit parts) | 3 (Unit parts) |
| Vermiculite powder | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Perlite powder | 6 | 5 | 4 |
| Sodium carboxymethylcellulose | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| Soilless culture nutrient solution | 7 | 6 | 5 |
| Ferrous sulfate | 2 | 3 | 2.5 |
| Nutrient soil | 59 | 61 | 63 |
| Long-acting organic compound fertilizer | 8 | 10 | 11 |
| Diatomite | 2 | 4 | 3 |
| Coal cinder | 2 | 4 | 5 |
The performance parameters of the plant growing type asphalt mixture containing the planting matrix prepared by the invention are as follows: the water permeability coefficient is within the range of 1-1.5 cm/s, the porosity is 11% -20%, the stability is more than or equal to 5kN, and the dynamic stability is more than or equal to 1600 times.mm < -1 >. According to the parameters, the product prepared by the invention fully wraps the surface of the aggregates by asphalt, and forms a continuous gap structure and certain strength by utilizing point contact among the aggregates, so that the aim of plant growth is fulfilled; the hydrophilic auxiliary agent is added, and amino modified organic silicon emulsion, polyester resin and the like can be selected, so that the water stability, the peel resistance and the water permeability can be obviously improved, and the durability of the vegetation type asphalt mixture under the condition of long-term river water soaking can be met.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a bank protection vegetation type bituminous mixture that contains planting matrix which characterized in that: the mixture comprises an asphalt material and a planting matrix, wherein the asphalt material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-84 parts of rock asphalt,
7-8 parts of E-51 epoxy resin,
1-4 parts of methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride,
1-4 parts of a hydrophilic auxiliary agent;
the planting matrix consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
3-5 parts of vermiculite powder
4-6 parts of perlite powder
2-4 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose
4-7 parts of soilless culture nutrient solution
1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate
58-64 parts of nutrient soil
8-11 parts of long-acting organic compound fertilizer
1-5 parts of diatomite
2-6 parts of coal slag;
the asphalt material is immersed in the planting matrix or the planting matrix is poured on the asphalt material to obtain a slope protection vegetation type asphalt mixture containing the planting matrix;
the hydrophilic auxiliary agent is one of amino modified organic silicon emulsion and polyester resin;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, according to the formula proportion, the rock asphalt, the E-51 epoxy resin, the methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride and the hydrophilic auxiliary agent are stirred in a shearing and stirring mode, the stirring speed is controlled to be 800-;
(2) pouring the plant growing type asphalt mixture prepared in the step (1) into a container, developing for 0.5-1.5h in a constant temperature box at the temperature of 130-;
(3) preparing a solution from the soilless culture nutrient solution and ferrous sulfate particles according to the formula proportion;
(4) mixing and stirring the vermiculite powder, the perlite, the nutrient soil, the long-acting organic compound fertilizer, the diatomite, the coal cinder and the plant seeds to be planted uniformly according to the formula proportion, and pouring the prepared mixture into the step in batches
(5) Adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the prepared solution as a thickening agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a planting matrix containing plant seeds to be planted;
(6) finally, pouring the uniformly stirred viscous planting matrix on the surface of the asphalt mixture, wherein the planting matrix enters the interior of the asphalt material along the porous asphalt material, or placing the asphalt material in the planting matrix for 25-35 minutes and then taking out;
the nutrient soil is nutrient soil with the particle size of less than 0.1 mm; the specific surface area of the diatomite is 40-58m2/g。
2. The slope-protecting vegetation form asphalt mixture containing planting media according to claim 1, wherein: the soilless culture nutrient solution is a nutrient solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
3. The slope protection vegetation form asphalt mixture containing the planting matrix according to claim 1 is applied to greening and protection of slope protection surfaces of houses, urban municipal works and rivers.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108401850A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-17 | 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 | A kind of long-acting nutritious planting matrix of flower planting |
| CN110240451B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-04-07 | 福建省顺天亿建设有限公司 | Greening concrete and construction method thereof |
| CN113149750A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-07-23 | 甘肃土木工程科学研究院有限公司 | Vegetation concrete plant growth improver |
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| CN102518139B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-05-14 | 董发达 | Manufacture method for ecological vegetated protective slope |
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| CN204163051U (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-02-18 | 山东省水利科学研究院 | A kind of novel grass-planting concrete precast block |
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| FR2591064A1 (en) * | 1985-12-10 | 1987-06-12 | Rhone Poulenc Fibres | Means and its method of implementation for stabilising sloping pulverulent ground by implanting durable vegetation |
| EP0248777A2 (en) * | 1986-06-02 | 1987-12-09 | Knut Colling | A growth medium, and a method for producing the same |
| CN1371882A (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2002-10-02 | 天津市水利科学研究所 | Environmental protection type green vegetation concrete |
| CN1775705A (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2006-05-24 | 东南大学 | Green plant growth pervious asphalt concrete and its preparing method |
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Effective date of registration: 20221117 Address after: Gao Qiao Zhen Qi Hu Cun, Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province 315100 Patentee after: Ningbo Dongxing asphalt products Co.,Ltd. Address before: 315100, Qian 1, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, Hunan Road Patentee before: Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University |