CN106208759B - A kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction - Google Patents
A kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction Download PDFInfo
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- CN106208759B CN106208759B CN201610639654.8A CN201610639654A CN106208759B CN 106208759 B CN106208759 B CN 106208759B CN 201610639654 A CN201610639654 A CN 201610639654A CN 106208759 B CN106208759 B CN 106208759B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
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- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction, including circuit of power factor correction PFC, filter circuit 200, main power stage 300, and indicating circuit 400,400 include terminal 1,2, resistance R1, capacitor C1, diode D1 and Light-emitting diode LED, in parallel with R1 again after LED and D1 reverse parallel connection, then is connected with C1;400 is in parallel with filtering electrolysis CA2, and the capacity of C1 is small, and power frequency frequency multiplication Sinusoidal Ripple caused by PFC, minimum by the electric current of C1, the pressure drop generated on R1 is not enough to light LED;With the ESR rise of CA2, the pressure drop that high frequency charging and discharging currents generate on ESR is synchronous to be increased, and the high frequency ripple voltage of formation increases, C1 has the function of logical high frequency, when high frequency ripple voltage on ESR reaches certain threshold values, LED is lighted, adjusts the size of the adjustable threshold values of resistance value of R1.To which the ESR for reminding user to be electrolysed CA2 has gone up, the existing failure risk of Switching Power Supply, the circuit cost is low, implements to be easy, and does not use inductance detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of switch power, in particular to the exchange of the high reliability with active power factor correction or straight
Rheology is changed to the Switching Power Supply of direct current.
Background technique
Currently, Switching Power Supply application is very wide, for input power in 75W hereinafter, to power factor (PF, Power
Factor, also referred to as power factor (PF)) occasion that is not required, inverse-excitation type (Fly-back) Switching Power Supply accounts for mainstream.For input work
Rate is greater than the power supply of 75W, even many illuminating switch power supply type drivers, although power is in 75W hereinafter, national standard
Its power factor is required.
Have at present and this is solved the problems, such as using circuit of power factor correction, circuit of power factor correction is referred to as PFC electricity
Road is the abbreviation of Power Factor Correction.A kind of mode of low cost is: between rectifier bridge and filter capacitor
It connects an inductance, due to being all passive device, still referred to as passive power factor correction.Active power factor correction is
The Chinese of " Active Power Factor Correction ", abbreviation APFC are common is defined as: in rectifier and negative
A DC-DC switch converters are accessed between load, applied current feedback technique makes input terminal electric current iiWaveform tracking exchange input
Sinusoidal voltage waveform can make iiClose to sine wave.To make the total harmonic distortion THD of input terminal electric current less than 5%.And power
Factor can be improved to 0.99 or higher.Due to having used active device in this scheme, therefore referred to as active power factor correction,
General PF value accomplishes 0.9 or more, so that it may meet the standard of many countries, if load is Switching Power Supply, then, system is exactly band
The Switching Power Supply of active power factor correction is called Two Stages formula Switching Power Supply, and the second level as first order PFC load is opened
Powered-down source is commonly referred to as main power stage converter, referred to as main power stage.
PFC inductance is sealed in rectifier bridge, still belongs to passive power factor correction, is not active power factor school
Just.The Switching Power Supply and rectifier bridge that directly filter after rectification are sealed in PFC inductance by we, then the switch filtered
Power supply, because only that level-one power conversion circuit, all is defined as: direct filtering type Switching Power Supply.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of Boost APFC circuit of mainstream, Boost pfc circuit is generally all written as, this is because band
There is Boost circuit, must be active power factor correction circuit, in the output end vo of the circuit of Fig. 1, then connects other function
Rate grade DC-DC converter, i.e., main power stage are exactly the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction of standard.Flyback converter,
Half-bridge converter, LLC converter, asymmetrical half-bridge, single tube forward converter can become main power stage.
Rectifier bridge Z101 is generally made of four rectifier diodes, the authorization invention description of application number 201210056555.9
Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2, Fig. 4-3 in book give several known techniques of painting of rectifier bridge.
Traditional BOOST circuit of power factor correction, working principle may refer to " the switch electricity of Electronic Industry Press
The principle and design in source " page 190, page 191, book ISBN 7-121-00211-6.
Because the capacitance of electrolytic capacitor unit volume is very big, so in the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction
In, electrolytic capacitor is also used, the C101 in Fig. 1 is the filter capacitor of PFC, generally electrolytic capacitor, is hereinafter referred to as electrolysed.
BOOST circuit of power factor correction needs to be up to the electrolysis of input AC electricity peak value or more using pressure resistance, for China
220VAC alternating current, consider once in a while voltage can rise to 264VAC, peak value 373V, need to use the electrolysis of pressure resistance 400V or more as
The output filter capacitor of BOOST circuit of power factor correction;In order to obtain good power factor, BOOST PFC electricity
The output voltage on road is generally scheduled on 400V or so, and the electrolysis used is generally 450V pressure resistance, and some manufacturers ordinatedly release 420V
The electrolysis of pressure resistance.Due to the height that the output voltage of BOOST circuit of power factor correction has been 400V, to the subsequent second level
Main power stage topology selection makes troubles, and if computer output voltage is 12V, 5V and 3.3V, drops to from 400V so low
Voltage, need to use high voltage, high current, low internal resistance metal-oxide-semiconductor as switching tube.Just because of this, the whole world is to buck power
Factor correcting circuit research is increasingly reinforced.
Such as " CONTROLIED ON-TIME BUCK PFC " United States Patent (USP) of U.S. Patent Publication No. US 2010123448
Prospectus shows a kind of buck pfc circuit, by its disclosed technical solution, has used BUCK circuit, PWM mode control
Switch in BUCK circuit processed.
What China had authorized for another example is also a kind of drop application No. is 201210271808.4 " a kind of buck pfc circuit "
Pressure type circuit of power factor correction equally uses the filter capacitor being electrolysed as PFC.
With the popularization of intellectualizing system in industrial circle, use electrolysis as the shortcoming of the filter capacitor of PFC
It embodies therewith, sees Fig. 1, because having used electrolysis C101, and the characteristic of the electrolysis hence limits the use of Switching Power Supply
On the way, service life of the electrolysis under high temperature and low temperature is always industry problem, it is well known that it is resistance to that capacitor C101 is often 400V to 450V
The electrolysis of pressure, and pressure resistance is greater than the electrolysis of 250V, low temperature can only generally work to -25 DEG C.I.e. in the environment of -40 DEG C, such as
The countries and regions of three provinces in the northeast of China, Xinjiang and high latitude, the use of Switching Power Supply become intractable, of course, it is possible to using such as
CBB thin-film capacitor filters, but volume is excessive, cost is excessively high.
For using the Switching Power Supply of buck power factor correcting circuit, since buck PFC output voltage is low, filter
The PFC electrolysis ripple current to be born of wave is bigger, and service life also can not be ignored.
Certainly, there are also a kind of circuit of power factor correction, use BUCK-BOOST as the master of circuit of power factor correction
Topology can be depressured, and can also be boosted, but control complexity, and there is no universal at present.
For convenience, with the Switching Power Supply of active power factor correction, we are simply divided into three parts: power factor
Correcting circuit, filter circuit, main power stage.As shown in figure 1, rectifier bridge Z101, L101, diode D101 and switching tube Q101 and
Pwm control circuit constitutes circuit of power factor correction;The application is for convenience, electric PFC is belonged to originally
The electrolysis C101 of the filtering on road is independent, regards that filter circuit, filter circuit can be an electrolysis, be also possible to electricity as
The parallel connection of solution and high pressure patch capacitor, the thin-film capacitor for being also possible to electrolysis and CBB class is in parallel, is also possible to π type filter circuit,
It can also be in parallel with other high-voltage capacitances again after low-voltage electrolysis is connected;In the output end vo of the circuit of Fig. 1, other function of connection
Rate grade DC-DC converter is exactly the main power stage, infuses, in Fig. 1 and is not drawn into power stage.
When designing a Switching Power Supply, the life problems of electrolysis C101 are often faced, in actual use, many switch electricity
Service life is not achieved in source, and main cause is exactly the electrolysis premature failure of filtering.Many more demanding occasions, use redundancy
Design, is mutually backups using two Switching Power Supplies, is broken one, can also worked normally.Cost is too high, and does not still know it
Middle Switching Power Supply is when to fail, and is also inconvenient to prepare spare unit.
Common nonredundancy designs occasion, once Switching Power Supply fails, it will cause many related failures, so that damage
Mistake is extended, and according to statistics, the Switching Power Supply of qualification design fails, and 97% or more is to be failed to cause in advance by the electrolysis filtered
's.
Existing most Switching Power Supply using electrolysis cannot still carry out the failure of electrolysis effectively informing in advance.
In inventor, application No. is a kind of 201610040059.2 existing patent application " switch electricity with active power factor correction
Source " in, a solution is provided, for convenience, the hereinafter referred to as existing patent A of the patent application 201610040059.2.
Referring to Fig. 2 of existing patent A, for convenience, the Fig. 2 of Fig. 2 of existing patent A as the application is referred to, is gone forward side by side
Number of having gone adjusts: the C1 of existing patent A is adjusted to the CA1 in the application Fig. 2, and the C2 of existing patent A is adjusted to the application Fig. 2
In CA2, i.e. CA1 in the application Fig. 2 indicates that the C1 of existing patent A, the CA2 in the application Fig. 2 indicate existing patent A's
C2。
The solution of existing patent A describes: sealing in indicating circuit in the PFC current supply circuit of electrolysis C101, and increases
Capacitor CA1, indicating circuit are composed in parallel by luminescence unit and inductance L, it is ensured that PFC direct current supply passes through the current direction of inductance L
Conducting direction with luminescence unit is on the contrary, electrolysis C101 is also just at CA2, and when electrolysis CA2 is normal, the excitation of main power stage is electric
Stream is substantially not present in inductance L, and LED does not shine;When the ESR rise of electrolysis CA2 is larger, the excitation current of main power stage goes out
When power tube shutdown in present L, and in main power stage, the excitation current for flowing through L can not be mutated, by photophore LED afterflow,
LED is driven to shine simultaneously, remind user in this way: the ESR of the electrolysis CA2 of Switching Power Supply has gone up, the wind of existing failure
Danger avoids the expansion of loss, has the characteristics that low cost, efficiency is constant, implementation is easy.
Existing patent A has used inductance L, and increases capacitor CA1 and constitute π type filter circuit, is just able to achieve in filtered electrical
Entirely ineffective preceding offer instruction is provided, is informed in advance before Switching Power Supply is entirely ineffective.Since CA1 will bear the high frequency of pfc circuit
Ripple, it is desirable that the largest ripple current of CA1 is big, it is desirable that the ESR of CA1 is very low, and the capacity of CA1 would not be too low, and the cost of CA1 is just
It can be very high.The circuit will be series between pfc circuit and electrolytic capacitor filter simultaneously, be modified to original circuit.
In addition, because having used inductance L, under the higher hamonic wave of Switching Power Supply pfc circuit and main power stage, so that electric
Hold CA1 and CA2 individual absorption higher hamonic wave, is unfavorable for the raising of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, being mentioned the invention solves deficiency existing for the existing Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction
For a kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction, realizes and instruction is provided before electrolytic capacitor filter is entirely ineffective, simultaneously
Without using π type filter circuit, there is no the inductance L and capacitor CA1 that influence EMC performance, to be more realized with a low cost in Switching Power Supply
Preparatory informing before entirely ineffective.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction, including power because
Number correcting circuit, filter circuit, main power stage, there are two the indicating circuits of terminal for a tool, and exchange input is through power factor school
Positive circuit connects filter circuit, and filter circuit and main power stage are in parallel, one is included at least in filter circuit with main power stage simultaneously
The electrolytic capacitor of connection, it is characterized in that: indicating circuit is in parallel with electrolytic capacitor.
Preferably, indicating circuit scheme one includes first resistor, first capacitor, first diode and the first light-emitting diodes
Pipe, first resistor and first diode and the first light emitting diode this three device parallel connections, wherein the first light emitting diode and
First diode reverse parallel connection, the both ends sub-network formed after in parallel are referred to as parallel network, and the terminal of parallel network is with first
The anode of diode, the cathode of first diode distinguish, and parallel network is connected with first capacitor again, and form a series connection
Both ends sub-network, the concatenated both ends sub-network is referred to as series network, and two terminals of series network are respectively
One terminal, Second terminal.
Preferably, indicating circuit scheme two includes first resistor, second resistance;First capacitor, the second capacitor;One or two pole
Pipe and the second diode and the first light emitting diode;Its connection relationship are as follows: second resistance is connected with the first light emitting diode,
The first network with two-terminal is formed, first network is in parallel simultaneously with first resistor with the second capacitor, and being formed has two-terminal
The second network, the second network again with the second Diode series, formed have two-terminal third network, the feature of third network
It is that the second diode and the first light emitting diode are in the same direction;Third network and first diode reverse parallel connection, being formed has both ends
4th network of son, the 4th network are connected with first capacitor again, and form a concatenated both ends sub-network, and described is concatenated
Both ends sub-network is referred to as series network, and two terminals of series network are respectively first terminal, Second terminal.
Working principle will be explained in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.
The invention has the benefit that
Cost is lower than using the prior art of π type filter circuit, and there is no the inductance L for influencing EMC performance, does not also deposit capacitor
CA1, it is at low cost, it is small in size, it is same to realize: before electrolytic capacitor failure, in the indicator light lumination of light emitting diode or optocoupler
Light emitting diode has electric current to flow through, and optocoupler exports the signal of an isolation to prompt user or other circuits.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the PFC part of the Switching Power Supply of existing active power factor correction;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction of existing patent A;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is main power stage switching tube driving voltage and excitation current timing diagram in first embodiment;
Fig. 5 is PFC in first embodiment to the excitation current i of electrolysis charging, main power stageMPath schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the relevant equivalent circuit diagram of high frequency charge and discharge electric current of the main power stage of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7-1 is corresponding one schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme one of the present invention;
Fig. 7-2 is corresponding two schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme one of the present invention;
Fig. 7-3 is corresponding three schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme one of the present invention;
Fig. 7-4 is corresponding four schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme one of the present invention;
Fig. 7-5 is corresponding five schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme one of the present invention;
Fig. 7-6 is corresponding six schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme one of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8-1 is corresponding one schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme two of the present invention;
Fig. 8-2 is corresponding two schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme two of the present invention;
Fig. 8-3 is corresponding three schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme two of the present invention;
Fig. 8-4 is corresponding four schematic diagram of embodiment of indicating circuit scheme two of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction of third embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
First embodiment
Fig. 3 shows first embodiment of the invention, is the schematic diagram of the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction, including
Circuit of power factor correction PFC, filter circuit 200, main power stage 300, there are two the indicating circuits 400 of terminal for a tool, hand over
Stream input IN is through circuit of power factor correction PFC connection filter circuit 200, and filter circuit 200 and main power stage 300 are in parallel, filter
An electrolytic capacitor CA2 in parallel with main power stage is included at least in wave circuit, it is characterized in that: indicating circuit 400 and electrolysis electricity
It is in parallel to hold CA2, indicating circuit 400 includes at least first resistor R1, first capacitor C1, first diode D1 and the first light-emitting diodes
Pipe LED.
The scheme one of indicating circuit: first resistor R1, first capacitor C1, first diode D1 and the first light emitting diode
LED, first resistor R1 and first diode D1 and the first Light-emitting diode LED this three device parallel connections, wherein first shines
Diode (LED) and first diode D1 reverse parallel connection, the both ends sub-network formed after in parallel are referred to as parallel network 24, parallel-connection network
The terminal of network 24 is distinguished with the cathode of the anode of first diode D1, first diode D1, and parallel network 24 is again with first
Capacitor C1 series connection, and a concatenated both ends sub-network is formed, the concatenated both ends sub-network is referred to as series network, just
It is indicating circuit 400, two terminals of series network 400 are respectively first terminal 1, Second terminal 2, the series network 400
It is the function body of the Switching Power Supply of the invention with active power factor correction.
First capacitor C1 hereinafter referred to as C1, first resistor R1 hereinafter referred to as R1, letter below the first Light-emitting diode LED
Referred to as LED, other devices are similar.
LED is highlighted using Φ 3mm red, and for convenience, light emitting diode is referred to as luminous tube, model 3AR2UD,
Capacitor C1 is the patch capacitor of 333/630V, and nominal capacity 0.033uF, D1 1N4148, R1 are the Chip-R of 12K, is pressed
Fig. 3 forms the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction, has used 120W power supply, model LI 120-10B12, master control
Chip uses TEA1716, and filtering is 150uF/400V with electrolysis CA2, is domestic quality capacitance, and PFC working frequency is 60-
100KHz, main power stage are LLC circuit, working frequency 100-120KHz.
It is noted that yes: indicating circuit 400 is directly in parallel with CA2 is electrolysed in Switching Power Supply in Fig. 3, positive in parallel or reversed
Parallel connection is ok, positive in parallel: i.e. the anode of the connection of terminal 1 filtering electrolysis, the cathode of the connection filtering electrolysis of terminal 2;Or it is reversed
It is in parallel: the cathode of the connection filtering electrolysis of terminal 1, the anode of the connection filtering electrolysis of terminal 2.Hereafter can specially it explain.
When first embodiment is solded into positive parallel way, the various aspects index of the power supply is surveyed, and before identical,
There is not the decline being observed that, remains at 93.7%, and luminous tube LED does not shine in especially conversion efficiency.
It can work to verify the present invention, inventor uses method pioneering before to test the first implementation
Example:
Since the electrolytic capacitor of failure is difficult to find, in above-mentioned filtering electrolytic capacitor, adjustable resistance is sealed in, mould is carried out
The electrolytic capacitor that quasi- performance has declined, the adjustable extent of adjustable resistance herein is 0-39 Ω, when the resistance value adjustable resistance
When being transferred to 5.1 Ω, 0.4 Ω or so when being equivalent to the ESR of the electrolytic capacitor of 150uF/400V from non-defective unit has risen to 5.5 Ω,
The performance of electrolytic capacitor has been approached non-serviceable edge.
At this point, the luminous tube LED in Fig. 3 shines, and the average value actual measurement of operating current is 1.9mA.
By choosing the capacitor C1 of different capabilities, the preliminary sensitivity for adjusting instruction, the capacity of capacitor C1 is small, sensitivity
It is low;The capacity of capacitor C1 is big, high sensitivity.Since luminous tube is when luminous, there are the forward voltage drop of 1.6V to 2.2V, Ke Yi
The both ends luminous tube LED parallel resistance R1 adjusts sensitivity, in this example, R1 according to 1.6K resistance, then, 1mA or less
The voltage that generates at the both ends R1 of peak point current in 1.6V hereinafter, at this moment luminous tube LED does not shine.
Note: the conduction voltage drop of white-light emitting pipe is 3.0V or so, red also different from green, and the hair inside optocoupler
Light device conduction voltage drop is 1.1V or so.
Working principle: referring to Fig. 3, when electrolytic capacitor is normal, then its ESR is 0.4 Ω, the filtering electrolysis both ends CA2
Ripple current there are three types of, illustrate for when Switching Power Supply is fully loaded with work.
A kind of electric current for electrolysis CA2 charging, comes from pfc circuit, and PFC working frequency is 60-100KHz, that is, charges
The frequency of electric current is in the section 60-100KHz;Second is that electrolysis CA2 discharges to main power stage 300, and the electric current of electric discharge is main power
The excitation current of grade 300, working frequency 100-120KHz, i.e. charge and discharge are high frequency ripple current;The third: is in CA2
Both ends, by the existing theory of PFC, there is also the low-frequency ripple of pfc circuit output, frequency be to input the alternating current of IN frequently
2 times of rate, and be the sine wave of standard, referred to as 2 times of big ripples of power frequency, are in fact the envelope of the first, i.e. the high frequency of the first
Ripple current requires the electric current and arc in phase of input, the i.e. output of pfc circuit by the filtered low-frequency ripple of CA2, pfc circuit
Power is the product of voltage and electric current, and two sinusoidal products are that the cosine of 2 frequencys multiplication adds a constant, and constant is as straight
Fraction amount.
The excitation current i of main power stageMAs shown in Figure 4, wherein Ugs be main power stage in switching tube upper tube grid with
The driving voltage of source electrode, excitation current iMPath see Fig. 5, charging current is also high-frequency current: from PFC to CA2 formed loop.
It is 0.033uF since C1 capacity is smaller, the charging, discharge current in the 150uF compared to CA2, C1 are only CA2's
The charging of 2/10000ths, CA2, discharge current are about 0.34A, then, flow through the charging of C1, discharge current is only 0.07mA, this
When, LED is because there are R1 without shining.
Being electrolysed capacitive reactance of the CA2 under the switching frequency of 60KHz is 1/ (2 π fC), calculates as 17.7m Ω, is much smaller than it
ESR, at 60KHz, ESR plays a major role;Waveform shown in Fig. 4 is not sine wave, and fundamental wave is sine wave, harmonic frequency
All than 60KHz high, so only estimating here.
Electric current, collectively referred to as i are charged and discharged to CA2ALL, the pressure drop that this electric current is formed on the ESR of CA2, referring to Fig. 6,
For U=IR=0.34 × 0.4=0.136V.I.e. in Fig. 6, the high frequency ripple fluctuated between terminal 1 and 2 there are one, wave
Shape shape is the same as i in Fig. 4MWaveform, this is discharge waveform, complicated more than the waveform in Fig. 4 in fact, there is also charge waveforms,
The average value of obvious 0.136V is not enough to that LED is allowed to be connected and shine.
5.5 Ω are had risen to when being electrolysed 0.4 Ω or so of the ESR of CA2 from non-defective unit when, i.e., electrolysis CA2 has been approached failure side
Edge.The pressure drop that this charge and discharge electric current is formed on the ESR of CA2, referring to Fig. 6, is U=IR=0.34 by taking discharge current as an example
× 5.5=1.87V.I.e. in Fig. 6, the high frequency ripple fluctuated between terminal 1 and 2 there are one, waveform shape is the same as i in Fig. 4M
Waveform, it is clear that 1.87V is average value, and peak value is about its 1.4 to 2 times, about 3.2V, this voltage is after C1, it is sufficient to allow
LED is connected and shines.
C1 is 0.033uF, and capacity is smaller, but under the frequency of 60KHz, and capacitive reactance is 80.4 Ω, can be provided for LED
Enough operating currents and shine, and rise metering function, adjust the available different operating current of its capacity.
For the working principle of the invention not counting complexity, the capacity of C1 is small, and C1 has the function of logical high frequency, resistance low frequency;CA2's
Both ends, by the existing theory of PFC, there is also the low-frequency ripple of pfc circuit output, frequency is to input the mains frequency of IN
2 times, and be the sine wave of standard, referred to as 2 times of big ripples of power frequency, the electric current that 2 times of big ripples of power frequency caused by pfc circuit pass through C1
Minimum, the pressure drop generated on resistance R1 is not enough to light LED, and with the ESR rise of electrolysis CA2, the high frequency of power stage 300
Excitation current is synchronous with the pressure drop that the high frequency charging current of PFC generates on ESR to be increased, and the high frequency ripple voltage of formation is with electricity
It solves the aging of CA2 and increases, C1 has the function of logical high frequency, can point when the high frequency ripple voltage on ESR reaches certain threshold values
Bright LED and shine, adjust the size of the adjustable threshold values of resistance value of R1, i.e., high frequency ripple voltage is by the electric current of capacitor C1 in R1
The pressure drop that both ends are formed is lower than the conducting voltage of LED, and LED is not turned on, and LED also can not shunt not shine for R1.
The obtaining value method of C1: 2 times of power frequency of alternating current are up to 120Hz, and the working frequency of Switching Power Supply is generally can at present
It listens except audio, is 22KHz, then, the ratio of frequency is (22000/120)=183.3 times, and the value of C1 is in monitored electricity
Solve 1/183.3rd or less capacitor CA2.If CA2 is 150uF, then C1 should be in (150uF/183.3)=0.818uF
Hereinafter, since the nominal value of capacitor is can to take 0.82uF or less here by the serial value such as E-3, E-6, E-12.
Driving luminous tube LED in this way shines to realize goal of the invention, and remind user: the ESR of electrolysis CA2 has risen to
Focus, so that user determines the measure of next step.In this example, the load of the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction
It is down to 30%, LED still to shine, operating current is down to 0.45mA, still very eye-catching using the luminous tube of high brightness.
At this point, electrolytic capacitor remains to work, but due to the excitation current of main power stage on ESR there are larger calorific value,
It is 0.24W in this example, which has been under golf calorific value, under normal circumstances, can be small tens in accelerating aging
Up in several hundred hours, ESR rapid increase causes further increasing of generating heat, until failure, capacity is lost, so as to cause such as opening
Close a series of failures such as pipe demolition.
C1 and the series connection explanation of parallel network 24: C1 and parallel network 24 are connected, due to being series loop, function after transposition
Can be identical, so there are many series systems that the scheme one of indicating circuit includes, but function is all identical, such as following:
(a) cathode of D1 is downward, and C1 is in top, and as shown in 400 or independent Fig. 7-1 in Fig. 3, the anode of D1 connects
One end of C1 is connect, the other end of C1 is the first terminal 1 of indicating circuit, and the cathode of D1 is the first terminal 2 of indicating circuit;
(b) cathode of D1 is downward, and C1 is following, and as shown in Fig. 7-2, one end of the cathode connection C1 of D1, the anode of D1 is
The first terminal 1 of indicating circuit, the other end of C1 are the Second terminal 2 of indicating circuit;
(c) cathode of D1 is upward, and C1 is in top, as shown in Fig. 7-3, one end of the cathode connection C1 of D1, and the other end of C1
For the terminal 1 of indicating circuit;The anode of D1 is the terminal 2 of indicating circuit;In fact, the mode of this and the Fig. 7-2 of above-mentioned (b) are
Identical, (b) terminal 1 of mode is equal to the terminal 2 of (c), and (b) terminal 2 of mode is equal to the terminal 1 of (c), i.e., Fig. 7-
3 terminal 1 and 2 exchanges, completely identical as (b) of Fig. 7-2;
(d) cathode of D1 is upward, and C1 is following, as shown in Fig. 7-4, one end of the anode connection C1 of D1, and the other end of C1
For the terminal 2 of indicating circuit;The cathode of D1 is the terminal 1 of indicating circuit;In fact, (a) mode of this and above-mentioned Fig. 7-1 are
Identical, the terminal 1 of (a) mode is equal to the terminal 2 of (d), and the terminal 2 of (a) mode is equal to the terminal 1 of (d), i.e., (d)
The 1 of mode and 2 exchange, completely identical as (a) of Fig. 7-1.
I.e. really effective connection type only has (a) of above-mentioned Fig. 7-1 and (b) mode of Fig. 7-2, capacitor C1 and network
24 series connection, due to being series loop, function is identical after device transposition, this is well-known technique, and (b) mode of Fig. 7-2 is exactly
24 transposition of C1 and network of (a) mode of Fig. 7-1, i.e., substantially, (a) of Fig. 7-1 and (b) mode of Fig. 7-2
It is equivalent.That is the scheme one of indicating circuit includes four kinds of above-mentioned connection types.
In addition, capacitor C1 can connect to obtain with two capacitors, then, the capacitor C1 of Fig. 7-1, gone here and there with capacitor C1a and C1b
Connection substitution, just obtains the embodiment of Fig. 7-5, the circuit of Fig. 7-1 and the circuit of Fig. 7-5 are equivalent.As previously mentioned, it goes here and there
Join circuit, function is identical after device transposition, further, 24 transposition of capacitor C1b and network, just obtains figure
Embodiment shown in 7-6.
The circuit of the circuit of Fig. 7-2, the circuit of Fig. 7-3, the circuit of Fig. 7-4, the circuit of Fig. 7-5, Fig. 7-6 are replaced Fig. 3
Middle indicating circuit 400, can work normally, it is seen then that goal of the invention may be implemented in six circuits of first embodiment.Fig. 7-6
Circuit replace the embodiment that indicating circuit 400 obtains in Fig. 2, have its advantage: when the switching frequency of power supply is relatively high, electricity
Hold C1a and C1b respectively in bottom and upper segment, and capacity very little, the electrical isolation of light emitting diode and Switching Power Supply may be implemented,
Because the frequency of alternating current is low, it is easy to control below limit value by the leakage current of capacitor C1a and C1b to realize that safety is up to standard.
Equally, power stage 300 is changed to by LLC circuit the power stage of common power supply adapter for notebook computer, substantially are as follows:
Power 65W, main control chip NCP1234, flyback topologies, output voltage 19V, 3.42A, and its current rectifying and wave filtering circuit has been removed,
Only retain power stage.Adjusting R1 is 22K, and the present invention shown in Fig. 3, the i.e. Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction are equally real
Existing goal of the invention.In Fig. 3, power stage can also be changed to semi-bridge alternation circuit or single tube forward converter or full-bridge circuit, real
Slowdown monitoring circuit is possible to goal of the invention;Pfc circuit is changed to buck pfc circuit, and circuit is also that can work normally.
It include numerous embodiments in fact in the content of first embodiment, it is only total with one in order to save length
" first embodiment " is summarized, is a series embodiment in fact.It is not straight that the electric current of luminous tube LED is flowed through in first embodiment
Galvanic electricity, but with PFC, power stage 300 with frequency, complicated high frequency superimposed current, when the lead of LED is longer, electromagnetism spoke
Penetrating can not be ignored;When luminous tube LED being changed into the photophore in optocoupler, the output electric current of optocoupler is also periodical appearance, is not
One stable signal, this can cause trouble to subsequent circuit.Second embodiment shows solution.
Second embodiment
Second embodiment shows first embodiment of the invention referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 8, is opening with active power factor correction
The schematic diagram in powered-down source, including circuit of power factor correction PFC, filter circuit 200, main power stage 300, there are two ends for a tool
The indicating circuit 400 of son, IN is through circuit of power factor correction PFC connection filter circuit 200,200 He of filter circuit for exchange input
Main power stage 300 is in parallel, an electrolytic capacitor CA2 in parallel with main power stage is included at least in filter circuit, it is characterized in that: referring to
Show that circuit 400 is in parallel with electrolytic capacitor CA2, indicating circuit 400 includes at least first resistor R1, first capacitor C1, the one or two pole
Pipe D1 and the first Light-emitting diode LED.
Indicating circuit uses scheme two: indicating circuit 400 further includes second resistance R2, the second capacitor C2, the second diode
D2;If putting together description, i.e., are as follows: indicating circuit 400 includes first resistor R1, second resistance R2;First capacitor C1, the second electricity
Hold C2;First diode D1 and the second diode D2 and the first Light-emitting diode LED;Its connection relationship are as follows: second resistance R2
It connects with the first Light-emitting diode LED, the first network 21 with two-terminal is formed, for sake of simplicity, the indicating circuit in Fig. 8
400 is independent, and referring to Fig. 8-1, first network 21 and the second capacitor C2 and first resistor R1 are in parallel simultaneously, and being formed has both ends
Second network 22 of son, the second network 22 are connected with the second diode D2 again, form the third network 23 with two-terminal, third
Network 23 is characterized in that the second diode D2 and the first Light-emitting diode LED are in the same direction;Third network 23 and first diode D1
Reverse parallel connection forms the 4th network 24 with two-terminal, and the 4th network 24 is connected with first capacitor C1 again, and forms a string
The both ends sub-network of connection is exactly indicating circuit 400, and the concatenated both ends sub-network 400 is referred to as series network, net of connecting
Two terminals of network 400 are respectively first terminal 1, Second terminal 2, the series network 400 be also present invention band active power because
The function body of the Switching Power Supply of number correction.
Main power stage 300 uses circuit of reversed excitation topology.
Second diode D2 and the first Light-emitting diode LED are in the same direction: in third network 23, it is assumed that R1 open circuit, capacitor C2
For direct current, it is equivalent to open circuit, then, the electric current flowed into from 23 lower end of third network, after LED, using D2, from
The outflow of 23 upper end of third network, D2 and LED are cried in the same direction all in forward conduction state, this series system.D2 and LED locate
In forward conduction state, it is equivalent to a bigger diode of pressure drop, its cathode is exactly the cathode of third network 23, direct current
Stream can be flowed outwardly from the cathode of network, its anode is exactly the anode of third network 23, and DC current can be from network
Anode flows inward into.
Third network 23 and first diode D1 reverse parallel connection, just refer to: 23 cathode of third network connects the anode of D1, the
The cathode of the anode connection D1 of three networks 23.
Working principle: being 68uF/400V when electrolysis CA2 is normal referring to Fig. 8, ESR is about 0.5 Ω, is electrolysed CA2 two
There are three types of the ripple currents at end, the first is pfc circuit to the high-frequency current of electrolysis CA2 charging, frequency 60-100KHz;The
Two kinds are the high-frequency current for being electrolysed CA2 and discharging main power stage 300, frequency 65KHz;The third is the high frequency ripple of the first
Electric current is the sine wave of standard, 2 times of big ripples of power frequency by the filtered low-frequency ripple of CA2.
C1 capacity is smaller, is 100Hz or 120Hz, the capacitive reactance of C1 is big, flows through C1's under the low frequency of 2 times of big ripples of power frequency
Electric current is minimum, after D2 is rectified, after C2 filtering, in the undertension that the both ends of R1 are formed to light LED.
And with the ESR rise of electrolysis CA2, the pressure drop that the high-frequency excitation electric current of power stage 300 generates on ESR is synchronous to rise
The high frequency ripple voltage of height, formation is increased with the aging of electrolysis CA2, and C1 has the function of logical high frequency, the high frequency line on ESR
It when wave voltage reaches certain threshold values, is rectified by D2, after C2 filtering, is enough to light LED, R2 in the voltage that the both ends of R1 are formed
Play metering function.
In this way, the electric current for flowing through luminous tube LED is pure direct current, electromagnetic radiation is directly reduced to zero, luminous tube
When LED changes the photophore in optocoupler into, the output electric current of optocoupler is also extremely stable direct current signal, this can be to subsequent circuit
It offers convenience.
Component parameters are as follows: CA2 is just 68uF/400V, and C1 is the patch capacitor of 473/630V, nominal capacity 0.047uF,
C2 is the patch capacitor of 104/16V, and D1 and D2 are 1N4148, R2 1K, R1 10K, LED 3AR2UD.Power stage 300 is
The power stage of common power supply adapter for notebook computer, substantially are as follows: power 65W, main control chip NCP1234, flyback topologies are defeated
Voltage is 19V, 3.42A out, and has removed its current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, only retains power stage.
When the load of Switching Power Supply is 100%, when being electrolysed the ESR rise of CL to 5 Ω, the electric current in LED is 1.2mA;?
The load of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction is down to 30%, LED and still shines, and operating current is down to 0.32mA, uses
The luminous tube of high brightness is still very eye-catching.Driving luminous tube LED in this way shines to realize goal of the invention, reminds user: the electricity
The ESR of solution CA2 has risen to focus, so that user determines the measure of next step.
Second embodiment constitutes series of embodiments also there are many embodiment, and the R2 in network 21 connects presence with LED
Two kinds of connection types:
(a) cathode of LED is connected with one end of R2, referring to shown in the network 21 in Fig. 8-1;
(b) anode of LED is connected with one end of R2, referring to shown in Fig. 8-2;
Both are equivalent.Network 21 is in parallel simultaneously with C2 with R1, forms the network 22 with two-terminal, network 22 is again
It connects with diode D2, in network 22, it is assumed that R1 open circuit, capacitor C2 is equivalent to open circuit for direct current, then 22 phase of network
When in a diode, with unilateal conduction performance, the cathode side of LED is exactly the cathode of the second network 22, direct current
Stream can be flowed outwardly from the cathode of network, and the anode side of LED is exactly the anode of third network 23, and DC current can be with
It is flowed inward into from the anode of network.Due to being limited to series aiding connection, there is also two ways by network 22 and D2:
(a) cathode of network 22 is connected with the sun of D2, referring to shown in Fig. 8-1;
(b) anode of network 22 is connected with the yin of D2, referring to shown in Fig. 8-3;
4th network 24 is connected with first capacitor C1 again, and there is also two ways:
(a) the D1 anode of network 24 is connected with the one end C1, referring to shown in Fig. 8-1;
(b) the D1 cathode of network 24 is connected with the one end C1, referring to shown in Fig. 8-2;
In second embodiment, 3 independent series connection in indicating circuit 400, each series connection is there are two types of mode, the 3 of totally 2 time
Side, totally 8 kinds of connection types, they are equivalent.
In fact, resistance R1 as Fig. 8-4, from original in parallel with C2, be changed to it is in parallel with D1, it is same to realize invention
Purpose, the size of the equally adjustable threshold values of R1, due to having provided technical inspiration in scheme one, here no longer with technical solution come
Carry out rights protection.
The circuit of the circuit of Fig. 8-2, the circuit of Fig. 8-3, Fig. 8-4 are replaced indicating circuit 400 in Fig. 8, it can be normal
Work, it is seen then that goal of the invention may be implemented in the circuit of 8 kinds of modes of second embodiment.
As it can be seen that the present invention can solve the problems of the prior art really, have with what lesser element, cost acquisition were wanted
Beneficial effect.It is that power stage 300 and filter circuit 200 are all changed into other embodiment simultaneously shown in 3rd embodiment.
3rd embodiment
See the Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction for showing third embodiment of the invention referring to Fig. 9, Fig. 9
Schematic diagram, including circuit of power factor correction PFC, filter circuit 200, main power stage 300, there are two the instructions of terminal for a tool
Circuit 400, IN is through circuit of power factor correction PFC connection filter circuit 200, filter circuit 200 and main power stage for exchange input
300 is in parallel, an electrolytic capacitor CA2 in parallel with main power stage is included at least in filter circuit, it is characterized in that: indicating circuit
400 is in parallel with electrolytic capacitor CA2, indicating circuit 400 include at least first resistor R1, first capacitor C1, first diode D1 and
First Light-emitting diode LED.
Indicating circuit uses scheme one: indicating circuit includes first resistor R1, first capacitor C1, first diode D1 and the
One Light-emitting diode LED, first resistor R1 and first diode D1 and the first Light-emitting diode LED this three device parallel connections,
Wherein the first Light-emitting diode LED and first diode D1 reverse parallel connection, the both ends sub-network formed after in parallel are referred to as parallel connection
The terminal of network 24, parallel network 24 is distinguished with the cathode of the anode of first diode D1, first diode D1, parallel-connection network
Network 24 is connected with first capacitor C1 again, and forms a concatenated both ends sub-network, and the concatenated both ends sub-network is referred to as
It is exactly indicating circuit 400 for series network, two terminals of series network 400 are respectively first terminal 1, Second terminal 2, are somebody's turn to do
Series network 400 is also the function body of the Switching Power Supply of the invention with active power factor correction.
Filter circuit 200 and main power stage 300 are in parallel, are careful not to when in parallel reversed, it is ensured that main power stage 300 does not connect
Instead, this is basic skills for those skilled in the art.
The main power stage 300 of the present embodiment is half-bridge circuit, in order to adapt to the connection type of half-bridge circuit, filter circuit 200
It is connected in series by electrolytic capacitor CA21, CA22 of the identical lower pressure resistance of two capacity, tie point is connected on half-bridge circuit, figure
In do not draw the equalizing resistance in parallel with electrolytic capacitor;C31 is the coupled capacitor for improving bias magnet properties, and transformer B's is another
Side is general output rectification circuit.
Indicating circuit 400 is in parallel with electrolysis CA2, and electrolysis CA2 is that electrolytic capacitor CA21, CA22 are connected in series, and is based on first
The working principle of embodiment, 3rd embodiment equally realize goal of the invention.
Equally, the circuit of Fig. 7-2, the circuit of Fig. 7-3, the circuit of Fig. 7-4, the circuit of Fig. 7-5, the circuit of Fig. 7-6, figure
The circuit of 8-1, the circuit of Fig. 8-2, the circuit of Fig. 8-3, Fig. 8-4 circuit replace indicating circuit 400 in Fig. 9, can be normal
Work.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, also
Several improvements and modifications can be made, such as by the photophore in optocoupler, i.e., the light emitting diode in optocoupler is as first luminous two
Pole pipe;Resistance is also sealed in first diode, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention, here no longer
It is repeated with embodiment, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction, including circuit of power factor correction, filter circuit, main power
Grade, there are two the indicating circuit of terminal, exchange inputs to connect filter circuit, filter circuit through circuit of power factor correction for a tool
It is in parallel with main power stage, an electrolytic capacitor in parallel with main power stage is included at least in filter circuit, it is characterised in that: instruction
Circuit is in parallel with electrolytic capacitor;Indicating circuit includes first resistor, first capacitor, first diode and the first light emitting diode,
First resistor and first diode and the first light emitting diode this three device parallel connections, wherein the first light emitting diode and first
Diode reverse parallel connection, the both ends sub-network formed after in parallel are referred to as parallel network, and the terminal of parallel network is with the one or two pole
The anode of pipe, the cathode of first diode distinguish, and parallel network is connected with first capacitor again, and form one concatenated two
Terminal network, the concatenated both ends sub-network are referred to as series network, and two terminals of series network are respectively first end
Son, Second terminal;The value of the first capacitor is 1/183.3rd or less the electrolytic capacitor.
2. the Switching Power Supply according to claim 1 with active power factor correction, it is characterised in that: further include another electricity
Hold, another capacitor also connects with parallel network, and another capacitor and first capacitor respectively with two terminal phases of series network
Connection.
3. a kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction, including circuit of power factor correction, filter circuit, main power
Grade, there are two the indicating circuit of terminal, exchange inputs to connect filter circuit, filter circuit through circuit of power factor correction for a tool
It is in parallel with main power stage, an electrolytic capacitor in parallel with main power stage is included at least in filter circuit, it is characterised in that: instruction
Circuit is in parallel with electrolytic capacitor, and indicating circuit includes first resistor, second resistance;First capacitor, the second capacitor;First diode
With the second diode and the first light emitting diode;Its connection relationship are as follows: second resistance is connected with the first light emitting diode, shape
At the first network with two-terminal, first network is in parallel simultaneously with first resistor with the second capacitor, and being formed has two-terminal
Second network, the second network with the second Diode series, form the third network with two-terminal, the feature of third network again
It is that the second diode and the first light emitting diode are in the same direction;Third network and first diode reverse parallel connection, being formed has both ends
4th network of son, the 4th network are connected with first capacitor again, and form a concatenated both ends sub-network, and described is concatenated
Both ends sub-network is referred to as series network, and two terminals of series network are respectively first terminal, Second terminal;Described first
The value of capacitor is 1/183.3rd or less the electrolytic capacitor.
4. the Switching Power Supply according to claim 3 with active power factor correction, it is characterised in that: change first resistor
It is in parallel with first diode.
5. the Switching Power Supply according to claim 3 with active power factor correction, it is characterised in that: further include another electricity
Hold, another capacitor also with the 4th series network, and another capacitor and first capacitor respectively with two terminal phases of series network
Connection.
6. the Switching Power Supply according to claim 1-5 with active power factor correction, it is characterised in that: first
Light emitting diode is the photophore in optocoupler, i.e. light emitting diode in optocoupler.
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CN106208759B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-04-19 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of Switching Power Supply with active power factor correction |
CN108513407B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2024-05-07 | 深圳市必易微电子股份有限公司 | Low-frequency ripple suppression circuit and control method |
CN109617389A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-12 | 湖南晟和电源科技有限公司 | I type specially gets higher power factor power circuit, method of supplying power to and its measuring instrument |
CN110535351B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2024-01-26 | 江苏华电戚墅堰发电有限公司 | Circuit for improving service life reliability of direct-current power supply |
CN112758112B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-15 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Urban rail train power supply processing method, device and system, storage medium and processor |
CN113992027B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-09-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Isolation switch power supply control circuit, method and device and isolation switch power supply |
CN114925007A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-19 | 盈帜科技(常州)有限公司 | Signal conversion circuit |
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US7855514B2 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2010-12-21 | Yfc-Boneagle Electric Co., Ltd. | LED indicator device for AC power plug or socket |
CN202975207U (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-06-05 | 上海辰光医疗科技股份有限公司 | Failure detecting circuit for common-mode signal suppression devices |
CN105577003A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-11 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Switch power supply with active power factor correction function |
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BRPI0901619A2 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2011-01-25 | Tai-Her Yang | bidirectional split power impedance bidirectional LED driver circuit |
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US7855514B2 (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2010-12-21 | Yfc-Boneagle Electric Co., Ltd. | LED indicator device for AC power plug or socket |
CN202975207U (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-06-05 | 上海辰光医疗科技股份有限公司 | Failure detecting circuit for common-mode signal suppression devices |
CN105577003A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-11 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Switch power supply with active power factor correction function |
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