CN106207494A - A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array - Google Patents
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN106207494A CN106207494A CN201610668715.3A CN201610668715A CN106207494A CN 106207494 A CN106207494 A CN 106207494A CN 201610668715 A CN201610668715 A CN 201610668715A CN 106207494 A CN106207494 A CN 106207494A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array, aerial array is constituted according to planar rectangular grid arrangement mode by antenna element, the total number of array element is M*N, and wherein M represents array element number in X direction, and N represents along Y-direction array element number；Described antenna element length and width is respectively set to L and W, and span is L < λh/ 2, W=λh/ 2, wherein λhIt it is maximum operating frequency corresponding wavelength；Antenna element is along X-direction unit interval Dx=L, along Y direction unit interval Dy=W.Antenna element includes upper strata impedance matching layer, intermediate gap layer and the lower floor's flaggy reflectingly being sequentially overlapped；Distributing point negative pole and distributing point positive pole it is connected in the rectangular metal sheet of intermediate gap layer.Array of the present invention can expand impedance bandwidth, reduce array antenna bore face and section size, reduce the fluctuation problem of input impedance, decrease the complexity of feed structure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, be specifically related to a kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of wireless communication technology, new generation of wireless communication system is to bandwidth, power system capacity and transmission speed
Rate demand presents the growth of explosion type.In order to meet ever-increasing performance requirement, more effective way is for communication system
Distribute more bandwidth of operation and improve the availability of frequency spectrum, the most just becoming the most wireless around the research in terms of the two
Communication technology focus.On the one hand, new radio communication standard constantly proposes and applies and examine the compatibility of existing standard
Considering, wireless communication system typically requires and is operated in multiple different frequency band, and realizes institute with the use of broadband or multiband antenna
The covering having frequency range is to reduce system complexity, the ideal style of reduction use cost.On the other hand, MIMO technology is the most preferably
The problem solving spectrum utilization efficiency, and have been obtained for being widely applied.And during MIMO technology evolution in future,
Breaking through existing power system capacity bottleneck with the use of the large-scale array antenna in broadband will as following (5G) of future generation at a high speed
The key technology of Large Copacity radio communication.
But for its antenna itself designs, many limitation letters that traditional array antenna design method exists are waited to solve
Certainly: (1) aerial array bore face is oversize, carry out setting up particularly difficult in the environment of base station space resources growing tension.
(2) bandwidth of operation of aerial array is not enough, causes to cover whole system working frequency range with common antenna actinal surface.(3) antenna
Array structure is complicated, causes with high costs.Antenna is as the pith of wireless communication system, the limitation in its performance and structure
Property largely constrains the combination property of whole system.Therefore, explore and propose a kind of small size, broadband and low cost
The method for designing of large-scale antenna array have great importance.
Summary of the invention
For solving drawbacks described above present in prior art, the broadband that it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of miniaturization is low
Profile antenna array, mainly solves the technical problem that existing array antenna size is big and impedance bandwidth is narrow.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposals.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array, is constituted sky by antenna element according to planar rectangular grid arrangement mode
Linear array, the total number of array element is M*N, and wherein M represents array element number in X direction, and N represents along Y-direction array element
Number；
Described antenna element length and width is respectively set to L and W, and span is L < λh/ 2, W=λh/ 2, wherein λhIt is
Maximum operating frequency corresponding wavelength；Antenna element is along X-direction unit interval Dx=L, along Y direction unit interval Dy=W；
Described antenna unit structure includes upper strata impedance matching layer, intermediate gap layer and the lower floor's reflection floor being sequentially overlapped
Layer；Described lower floor flaggy reflectingly is the base plate of array；Intermediate gap layer is stitched according to certain by the rectangular metal sheet of a pair symmetry
Gap interval is arranged and is constituted, and several intermediate gap layers are spaced and parallel being distributed on lower floor's flaggy reflectingly；Upper strata impedance matching
Layer is spaced apart along the gap of intermediate gap layer；The rectangular metal sheet of both sides, described gap is symmetrically arranged with feed positive pole
Junction point and feed negative pole junction point.Antenna element uses standard coaxial feeder line to be fed by direct coupling system.
Further, described lower floor flaggy reflectingly uses the flat board of all-metal plate, after arranging by rectangular grid, and antenna element
Flaggy reflectingly finally splice the array base plate being connected into a monoblock, backward electromagnetic wave is played reflection.
Further, described intermediate gap layer distance lower floor flaggy height reflectingly is less than lowest operating frequency wavelength very
One of, the distance between intermediate gap layer and upper strata impedance matching layer is less than 1/10th of lowest operating frequency wavelength.
Further, described intermediate gap layer includes that a pair rectangular metal sheet, a pair rectangular metal sheet middle ware are separated with radiation
Gap, a pair rectangular metal sheet two ends is provided with isolation gap, feed positive pole junction point and feed negative pole with adjacent rectangle sheet metal
Junction point is arranged respectively against radiating slot both sides.
Further, described radiating slot length is equal with element length L, and radiating slot width is less than cell width W
1/10th.
Further, described isolation gap be arranged in unit both sides of the edge and with radiating slot keeping parallelism, isolate gap
Length is identical with element length L, and width is set to 1st/20th of antenna element width.
Further, described upper strata impedance matching layer is made up of the single sheet metal of square, rectangle or circle, sheet metal area
Account for the 20%-30% of antenna element area L*W, and be arranged in the upper area of radiating slot.
Further, floor is reflected with lower floor in the geometric center of the sheet metal of upper strata impedance matching layer, the center of radiating slot
The coaxial placement of metallic plate geometric center of layer.
Further, keep being parallel to each other between upper strata impedance matching layer, intermediate gap layer and lower floor's flaggy reflectingly placement,
It is fixed with insulated screw between three interlayers.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) traditional method of the half-wavelength radiating slot independently divided compared to employing, adjacent radiation slot element of the present invention
Presenting the mode of non-cellular-type arrangement, the amplitude-phase fluctuation of slit aperture diametric plane equivalent magnetic current tends towards stability, the impedance band of array
Width is significantly widened.
2) compared to the sparse arrangement mode of traditional array, the present invention uses sub-wavelength antenna element close-packed arrays, sky
Line unit interval is less than λh/2(λhIt is maximum operating frequency corresponding wavelength), in the case of same antenna element number, reduce
Array antenna bore and section size.
3) present invention is based on gap mechanism radiation mechanism, compared to using doublet antenna unit, can effectively reduce
Distance between antenna and ground, reduction integrated antenna section size, section size is smaller than λl/10(λlIt it is lowest operating frequency
Wavelength).
4) between unit, addition isolation gap structure is to suppress mode of resonance, and the fluctuation reducing input impedance is asked
Topic.
5) use the mode of direct-coupling feed between radiating slot and 50 Ω coaxial cables, decrease answering of feed structure
Miscellaneous degree.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that array element arranges grid shape schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 (a) is array antenna unit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 (b) is Fig. 2 (a) described upper strata impedance matching layer top view；
Fig. 2 (c) is Fig. 2 (a) described intermediate layer gap structure top view；
Fig. 2 (d) is Fig. 2 (a) described lower floor reflection floor top view；
Fig. 3 (a) is 2*2 subarray top view；
Fig. 3 (b) is 2*2 subarray side view；
Fig. 4 is 8*8 example array top view.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not intended as doing invention any limit
The foundation of system.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array, antenna element arrange according to planar rectangular grid
Mode constitutes aerial array, and the total number of array element is M*N, and wherein M represents array element number in X direction, and N represents along Y side
To array element number.Antenna element length and width is set to L and W, and span is L < λh/ 2, W=λh/ 2, λhIt is the highest
Operating frequency corresponding wavelength；Antenna element is along X-direction unit interval Dx=L, along Y direction unit interval Dy=W.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a), antenna element is three-decker: include that the upper strata impedance matching layer 104 being sequentially overlapped is (such as Fig. 2
(b)), intermediate gap layer 103 (such as Fig. 2 (c)) and lower floor's flaggy 101 (such as Fig. 2 (d)) reflectingly.Lower floor's flaggy 101 reflectingly is adopted
With the flat board of all-metal construction, after arranging by rectangular grid, the flaggy reflectingly of antenna element finally splices and is connected into a monoblock
Array base plate, sees shown in Fig. 3 (a), backward electromagnetic wave is risen reflection.Intermediate gap layer 103 is by a pair symmetrical structure
Rectangular metal sheet according to certain gap in interval arrange constitute, upper strata impedance matching layer 104 is along the gap of intermediate gap layer 103
In spaced apart；The rectangular metal sheet of both sides, gap is connected to feed positive pole junction point 106 and feed negative pole connects
Point 107.Wherein, a pair rectangular metal sheet midfeather is radiating slot 102, a pair rectangular metal sheet two ends and adjacent rectangle gold
Belong to sheet and be provided with isolation gap 105.Radiating slot 102 is positioned at unit middle position, places along coordinate axes X, gap length and unit
Length L is equal, and gap width is less than 1/10th of cell width W.Isolation gap 105 is arranged in unit both sides of the edge and and spoke
Penetrating gap 102 keeping parallelism, isolation gap 105 length is identical with element length L, and width is set to the two of antenna element width W
1/10th.Rectangular metal sheet is between radiating slot and isolation gap.Upper strata impedance matching layer 104 is by square, rectangle, circle
Shape or other shapes of single sheet metal composition, sheet metal area accounts for the 20%-30% of cellar area L*W, and is arranged in spoke
Penetrate the upper area in gap 102.Intermediate gap layer 103 is less than lowest operating frequency ripple apart from lower floor's height of flaggy 101 reflectingly
Long 1/10th, the distance between intermediate gap layer 103 and upper strata impedance matching layer 104 is less than lowest operating frequency wavelength
1/10th.Flaggy 104, intermediate gap layer 103 and upper strata impedance matching layer 104 both can be by PCB typographies reflectingly, also
Useful sheet metal stock is processed making.The wherein dielectric constant range 1～12 of dielectric board material, dielectric thickness can basis
Practical situation selects in the range of 0.5～3mm.
Fig. 3 (a) shows a kind of minimized wide-band array antenna example of the present invention, and antenna element number is 4, unit
Square grid periodic arrangement in 2*2.Bottom is lower floor flaggy 101 reflectingly, and intermediate gap layer 103 is provided with two pairs of rectangle gold
Belong to sheet, in each pair of rectangular metal sheet, two upper strata impedance matching layers 104 are distributed along radiating slot 102 length direction.Such as Fig. 3
B, shown in (), feed positive pole junction point 106 is positioned on the left of each unit radiating slot central point and contacts with sheet metal, feeds negative pole
Junction point 107 is positioned at radiating slot central right and contacts with sheet metal, and each antenna element all uses 50 Ω coaxial lines 310 direct
Feed, coaxial inner core 308 connects distributing point positive pole junction point 106, screen layer crust conductor 309 and distributing point negative pole junction point
107 keep good electrical contact.
Present invention advantage compared with traditional structure:
(1) based on electromagnetic field image theory, the magnetic current of radiating slot equivalence, near desired metallic floor surface, permissible
Stronger radiation effect is produced with mirror image in-phase stacking.Therefore gap radiation mechanism is used to replace doublet antenna, can be effective
Antenna radiation efficiency is not reduced while reducing section.
(2) theoretical according to Current compliance actinal surface, the metal band of a length of several wavelength of electricity consumption is arranged in a linear and executes
In the way of cycle feed, building adjacent radiation unit is the array antenna of form of joining end to end in the cycle, it is achieved input impedance exists
Keep stable in relative broad range, thus expand the impedance bandwidth of array antenna.
(3) use direct-coupled mode between adjacent cells gap, make port input electromagnetic wave energy can pass through strong coupling
Mechanism of closing is propagated to edge, array bore face, thus effectively reduces the reflection of central location port.
The present invention is further illustrated below by a specific embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows a kind of minimized wide-band array antenna example of the present invention, and antenna element number is 64, unit in
The square grid periodic arrangement of 8*8.Cycle Length calculates according to maximum operating frequency, comprises the concrete steps that: aerial array
Default bandwidth of operation is 2GHz～3.75GHz, and calculating maximum operating frequency corresponding wavelength is λh=80mm, lowest operating frequency pair
Answer wavelength Xl=150mm, element length L and width H are set to 1/2nd of this wavelength, i.e. L=W=80/2=40mm.
The total length on lower arrays floor is M*L=8*40=320mm, and width is M*L=8*40=320mm；Intermediate layer
Radiating slot width is set to W/10=4mm, and radiating slot total length is M*L=320m, and edge slot width is set to W/20
=2mm, the total length of edge slot is M*L=320mm, and front caliber size is 320mm*320mm.
The upper strata impedance matching layer of the present embodiment uses square metal sheet, this square sheet metal geometric center, radiating slot
Center is disposed as W/2=20mm with the unit coaxial placement of reflective metal geometric center, the length of square metal blade and width, side
Shape sheet metal area accounts for the 25% of cellar area.Upper strata impedance matching layer can also use the sheet metal structure of rectangle or circle.
Keep being parallel to each other between upper strata, intermediate layer, understructure placement, and intermediate layer and lower floor are at a distance of less than λl/ 10=
15mm, at a distance of λ between intermediate layer and upper stratal/ 10=15mm, between three interlayers, available insulated screw is fixed.
Upper, middle and lower layer material all selects thickness to be 1mm, and dielectric constant is the politef double face copper of 2.65, warp
Typography is made.
Each unit feed all uses 50 Ω coaxial cable direct feeds, coaxial inner core to be connected with intermediate layer feed positive pole,
Coaxial metal crust welds with intermediate layer feed negative pole.
Final realistic model can use known technology to carry out structure optimization, calls something lost for example with full wave analysis simulation software
Propagation algorithm, structure bandwidth fitness function optimizes further, to obtain the widest array impedance bandwidth.
Effect of the present invention is further illustrated below by experimental data contrast.
Verified with test experiments by model emulation contrast, in the case of each port constant amplitude homophase feeds, this array phase
Impedance bandwidth (VSWR < 3) can be reached more than 60%, compared with conventional waveguide slot array antenna impedance bandwidth, impedance band
Width significantly improves.Calculating with mid frequency, Antenna aperture size relatively traditional array reduces 30%.Antenna section is less than minimum work
/ 10th of working frequency wavelength.Additionally, antenna has stable antenna pattern in working band, its radiation efficiency is more than
70%.
The invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, on the basis of technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the skill of this area
Art personnel are according to disclosed technology contents, it is not necessary to some of which technical characteristic just can be made one by performing creative labour
A little replacements and deformation, these are replaced and deformation is the most within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a minimized wide-band low profile antenna array, it is characterised in that: arranged according to planar rectangular grid by antenna element
Mode constitutes aerial array, and the total number of array element is M*N, and wherein M represents array element number in X direction, and N represents along Y side
To array element number；
Described antenna element length and width is respectively set to L and W, and span is L < λh/ 2, W=λh/ 2, wherein λhIt is the highest
Operating frequency corresponding wavelength；Antenna element is along X-direction unit interval Dx=L, along Y direction unit interval Dy=W；
Described antenna unit structure includes upper strata impedance matching layer, intermediate gap layer and the lower floor's flaggy reflectingly being sequentially overlapped；
Described lower floor flaggy reflectingly is the base plate of array；Intermediate gap layer by the rectangular metal sheet of a pair symmetry according to certain gap between
Constituting every arranging, several intermediate gap layers are spaced and parallel being distributed on lower floor's flaggy reflectingly；Impedance matching layer edge, upper strata
The gap of intermediate gap layer is spaced apart；The rectangular metal sheet of both sides, described gap is respectively arranged with feed positive pole connect
Point and feed negative pole junction point.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described lower floor reflects
Floor layer uses the flat board of all-metal plate, and after arranging by rectangular grid, the flaggy reflectingly of antenna element finally splices and is connected into one
The array base plate of monoblock, plays reflection to backward electromagnetic wave.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described intermediate gap
Layer distance lower floor flaggy height reflectingly is less than 1/10th of lowest operating frequency wavelength, intermediate gap layer and upper layer impedance
Join the distance between layer less than 1/10th of lowest operating frequency wavelength.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described intermediate gap
Layer includes that a pair rectangular metal sheet, a pair rectangular metal sheet middle ware are separated with radiating slot, a pair rectangular metal sheet two ends and phase
Adjacent rectangular metal sheet is provided with isolation gap, feed positive pole junction point and feed negative pole junction point and sets respectively against radiating slot both sides
Put.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described radiating slot
Length is equal with element length L, and radiating slot width is less than 1/10th of cell width W.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described isolation gap
Be arranged in unit both sides of the edge and with radiating slot keeping parallelism, isolation gap length identical with element length L, width is set to
/ 20th of antenna element width.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described upper layer impedance
Matching layer is made up of the single sheet metal of square, rectangle or circle, and sheet metal area accounts for the 20%-of antenna element area L*W
30%, and it is arranged in the area just above of radiating slot.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: antenna element upper strata
The geometric center of the sheet metal of impedance matching layer, the center of radiating slot are total to the metallic plate geometric center of lower floor's flaggy reflectingly
Axle is placed.
A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: upper strata impedance matching
Layer, keep between intermediate gap layer and lower floor's flaggy reflectingly being parallel to each other placements, carry out consolidating with insulated screw between three interlayers
Fixed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610668715.3A CN106207494A (en) | 2016-08-15 | 2016-08-15 | A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array |
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| CN201610668715.3A CN106207494A (en) | 2016-08-15 | 2016-08-15 | A kind of minimized wide-band low profile antenna array |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107453043A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-12-08 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile side back radars aerial array and antenna plane |
| CN108565560A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-21 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of antenna |
| CN109301474A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-01 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of antenna for mobile phone suitable for 5G millimeter-wave communication system |
| CN110034377A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-19 | 株式会社Kmw | Antenna assembly |
| CN110086000A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of wide bandwidth scan angle phased array antenna |
| WO2022237559A1 (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic device |
| TWI811693B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2023-08-11 | 國立雲林科技大學 | Patch array antenna to compensate for weak signal area |
| WO2023240792A1 (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Satellite navigation antenna and satellite navigation transceiving device |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107453043A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-12-08 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile side back radars aerial array and antenna plane |
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| CN108565560A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-09-21 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of antenna |
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| CN110034377A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-19 | 株式会社Kmw | Antenna assembly |
| CN109301474A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-01 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of antenna for mobile phone suitable for 5G millimeter-wave communication system |
| CN109301474B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2023-12-01 | 南京信息工程大学 | Mobile phone antenna suitable for 5G millimeter wave communication system |
| CN110086000A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of wide bandwidth scan angle phased array antenna |
| WO2022237559A1 (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic device |
| TWI811693B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2023-08-11 | 國立雲林科技大學 | Patch array antenna to compensate for weak signal area |
| WO2023240792A1 (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Satellite navigation antenna and satellite navigation transceiving device |
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Application publication date: 20161207 |