CN106207205A - A kind of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106207205A CN106207205A CN201610521094.6A CN201610521094A CN106207205A CN 106207205 A CN106207205 A CN 106207205A CN 201610521094 A CN201610521094 A CN 201610521094A CN 106207205 A CN106207205 A CN 106207205A
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- catalyst
- ptpd
- eelctro
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst and preparation method thereof.The method comprises the steps: that taking triblock copolymer P123 is dissolved in redistilled water, stirring, and control temperature, at 30 120 DEG C, is added dropwise over K in P123 solution2PdCl4Solution, after being added dropwise to complete, drips K2PtCl6Solution, stirring reaction 26 h, i.e. obtain fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst by after centrifugal for reacted black suspension, washing three to five times.Triblock copolymer P123 serves as protective agent, utilizes it can effectively reduce K simultaneously2PdCl4But can not reduce K2PtCl6Reaction selectivity, Pd and K that obtain of reduction2PtCl6Current potential displacement reaction, obtained PtPd eelctro-catalyst can be occurred to possess strange hollow network structure, and have excellent Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol performance, be the fuel-cell catalyst of a kind of great development prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology, relate to the preparation method of catalyst, especially relate to a kind of fuel
The battery preparation method of PtPd eelctro-catalyst.
Background technology
The energy and environment are the focuses of research and development in current world wide.Fuel battery energy is directly by the chemistry of fuel
Can be converted into electric energy, not limited by Carnot cycle, efficient pollution-free, is one of direction of giving priority to of current fungible energy source.
Direct alcohol fuel cell has (DAFC) low raw-material cost, wide material sources, and it is excellent that cryogenic property is good, energy density is high etc.
Point, is most possibly to be applied to the power source of electric vehicle, distributed power station and Portable movable power supply at present.At fuel
During battery research and development, catalyst is one of its most key bottleneck with wait breakthrough, at direct Aalcohols fuel electricity
Chi Zhong, Pt based nano-material is the catalyst that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is difficult to substitute, but owing to Pt belongs to noble metal, reserves
Low, cost is high, seriously constrains the commercialization process of fuel cell.How to be effectively improved while reducing precious metals pt consumption
The electro catalytic activity of catalyst and its anti-poisoning capability of enhancing have become the focus of current research.
Due to electronic effect and difunctional mechanism, introduce non-Pt metal and form intermetallic compound or alloy energy pole with Pt
The earth promotes catalytic performance.Prepare catalyst that is homogeneous, regular and that have special appearance and be also an up the weight of catalyst efficiency
Want method.Some special structures (nucleocapsid structure, hollow-core construction, reticulated porous structures etc.) can increase the ratio of catalyst greatly
Surface area, thus carry high catalytic activity.
Summary of the invention
While it is an object of the invention to reduce catalyst noble metal consumption, by controlling synthetic mesh hollow-core construction,
A kind of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst having higher catalytic activity is provided.
It is as follows that the present invention realizes the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose used:
The preparation of a kind of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst uses current potential displacement reactive synthesis technique, by introducing autocatalysis
Superior activity and price are only the metal Pd of Pt 1/3rd, utilize protectiveness and the preferably reaction of triblock copolymer P123
Selectivity, controls synthesis and obtains possessing strange hollow network structure and possess the PtPd of Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol performance of excellence
Catalyst.The method comprises the following steps:
(1) take triblock copolymer P123 ultrasonic dissolution in redistilled water, transfer them to three-necked bottle and be placed in temperature
Stir on the magnetic stirring apparatus of degree controller, control temperature at 30 DEG C.
(2) in P123 solution, K dropwise it is slowly added to2PdCl4Solution, after being added dropwise to complete, immediately continues with dropping K2PtCl6
Solution, magnetic agitation reaction 2h.
(3) by the centrifugation under 5000 r/min ~ 11000 r/min of reacted black suspension, with water and anhydrous
Washing with alcohol three to five times, i.e. can get fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst.
In step (1), triblock copolymer P123, simultaneously as protective agent and reducing agent, present invention discover that similar three blocks
Copolymer F127, P103 and F108 are likewise supplied with above-mentioned effect.
In step (2), metal front liquid solution constant pressure funnel is dropwise slowly added to, and drips speed and controls to drip at 5-10 s/.
In step (3), in centrifugal separation processes, first wash 1-2 time with redistilled water, then use absolute ethanol washing 3-
4 times, it is ensured that the complete triblock copolymer P123 of unreacted removes from catalyst surface.
Described fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst dispersibility is preferable, and mean diameter is at 2 nm-10 nm.
Described fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst electrochemical surface area is 2-30 cm2。
In described fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst, the atomic ratio of Pt, Pd is 1:1.
Described fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst is in the protectiveness of triblock copolymer P123 and preferable reaction selectivity
Effect under, by current potential displacement reaction, can the webbed hollow-core construction of shape.
A kind of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst involved in the present invention and preparation method thereof has a following outstanding feature:
(1) preparation method is light water phase reaction, and generated time is short, easy, efficiently, fast.
(2) triblock copolymer P123 is simultaneously as protective agent and the reducing agent possessing high reaction selectivity, green non-poisonous
Pollution-free.
(3) current potential displacement reaction feature in prepared by metal nano material and advantage, the PtPd prepared are made full use of
Catalyst is netted hollow-core construction intermetallic compound.
(4) catalyst prepared by possesses the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol performance of excellence, has in direct alcohol fuel cell
Bigger application and development prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the transmission electron microscope picture of the fuel cell PtPd-1 eelctro-catalyst prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 2: the transmission electron microscope picture of the fuel cell PtPd-2 eelctro-catalyst prepared by embodiment 2.
Fig. 3: the transmission electron microscope picture of the fuel cell PtPd-100 eelctro-catalyst prepared by embodiment 3.
Fig. 4: for fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst and commercialization Pt/C (JM) catalyst of embodiment 1,2,3 preparation
The cyclic voltammetric comparison diagram of catalysis Oxidation of Methanol.
Fig. 5: for fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst and Pt, Pd standard card (JCPDS) of embodiment 1,2,3 preparation
X-ray diffraction (XRD) figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and be embodied as case, the present invention is expanded on further, it should be understood that these embodiments are only used for
The bright present invention rather than restriction the scope of the present invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art are to the present invention's
The amendment of the various equivalent form of values all falls within the application claims limited range.
Embodiment 1
(1) take 1.0 g triblock copolymer P123s stirring ultrasonic dissolutions in 30 mL redistilled waters, transfer them to three necks
It is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus with temperature controller stirring in Ping, controls temperature at 30 DEG C.
(2) in P123 solution, 10 mL K dropwise it are slowly added to2PdCl4Solution (0.02mmol/ L), is added dropwise to complete
After, immediately continue with dropping 10 mL K2PtCl6Solution (0.02mmol/ L), magnetic agitation reaction 2h.
(3) room temperature is naturally cooled to, the black suspension centrifugation under 10000 r/min that will obtain after reaction, first
Wash 2 times with redistilled water, then with absolute ethanol washing 3 times, finally the product addition dehydrated alcohol after washes clean is divided
Scattered protection i.e. obtains fuel cell PtPd-1 eelctro-catalyst.
Fig. 1 show the present embodiment and prepares transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure of gained fuel cell PtPd-1 eelctro-catalyst,
By Fig. 1 a, b it can be seen that prepare the eelctro-catalyst good dispersion of gained, it is 4.8 nm for its mean diameter of network structure, by
In Fig. 1 c, square constituency enlarged drawing understands gained PtPd-1 eelctro-catalyst is hollow-core construction, and Fig. 1 d is high resolution electron microscopy figure, measures
Its spacing of lattice obtains d=0.23 nm, (111) crystal face of corresponding PtPd-1.
Prepared working electrode modified on glass-carbon electrode by the PtPd-1 eelctro-catalyst that the present embodiment is prepared gained, its electrification
Learn active area and be measured as 19.7cm-2, to it at the saturated 0.1 mol/L H of nitrogen2SO4+0.1 mol/LCH3OH solution is carried out
Cyclic voltammetry, test condition: sweep limits is-0.2-1.0 V (vs SCE), and scanning speed is 50 mV/s, test knot
Fruit is as shown in Fig. 4.
As seen from Figure 4, preparation-obtained PtPd-1 eelctro-catalyst occurs maximum methanol under the current potential of 0.58 V
Oxidation peak current density, about 347 mA/mgPt, show higher Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol activity.
Embodiment 2
(1) take 1.0 g triblock copolymer P123s stirring ultrasonic dissolutions in 30 mL redistilled waters, transfer them to three necks
It is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus with temperature controller stirring in Ping, controls temperature at 30 DEG C.
(2) in P123 solution, 10 mL K dropwise it are slowly added to2PdCl4(0.02mmol/ L) and 10 mL K2PtCl6
The mixed solution of solution (0.02mmol/ L), magnetic agitation reaction 2h.
(3) room temperature is naturally cooled to, the black suspension centrifugation under 10000 r/min that will obtain after reaction, first
Wash 2 times with redistilled water, then with absolute ethanol washing 3 times, finally the product addition dehydrated alcohol after washes clean is divided
Scattered protection i.e. obtains fuel cell PtPd-2 eelctro-catalyst.
Fig. 2 show the present embodiment and prepares transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure of gained fuel cell PtPd-2 eelctro-catalyst,
By Fig. 2 a it can be seen that the eelctro-catalyst preparing gained has slight reunion, its mean diameter is 7.8 nm, by granule enlarged drawing
Understanding gained PtPd eelctro-catalyst is hollow-core construction, and Fig. 2 b is high resolution electron microscopy figure, measures its spacing of lattice and obtains d=0.23 nm,
(111) crystal face of corresponding PtPd-2.
Prepared working electrode modified on glass-carbon electrode by the PtPd-2 eelctro-catalyst that the present embodiment is prepared gained, its electrification
Learn active area and be measured as 21.1 cm-2, to it at the saturated 0.1 mol/L H of nitrogen2SO4+0.1 mol/LCH3OH solution enters
Row cyclic voltammetry, test condition: sweep limits is-0.2-1.0 V (vs SCE), and scanning speed is 50 mV/s, test
Result is as shown in Fig. 4.
As seen from Figure 4, preparation-obtained PtPd-2 eelctro-catalyst occurs maximum methanol under the current potential of 0.57 V
Oxidation peak current density, about 217 mA/mgPt。
Embodiment 3
(1) take 1.0 g triblock copolymer P123s stirring ultrasonic dissolutions in 30 mL redistilled waters, transfer them to three necks
It is placed on the magnetic stirring apparatus with temperature controller stirring in Ping, controls temperature at 100 DEG C.
(2) in P123 solution, 10 mL K dropwise it are slowly added to2PdCl4(0.02mmol/ L) and 10 mL K2PtCl6
The mixed solution of solution (0.02mmol/ L), magnetic agitation reaction 2h.
(3) room temperature is naturally cooled to, the black suspension centrifugation under 10000 r/min that will obtain after reaction, first
Wash 2 times with redistilled water, then with absolute ethanol washing 3 times, finally the product addition dehydrated alcohol after washes clean is divided
Scattered protection i.e. obtains fuel cell PtPd-100 eelctro-catalyst.
Fig. 3 show the present embodiment and prepares the transmission electron microscope (TEM) of gained fuel cell PtPd-100 eelctro-catalyst
Figure, by Fig. 3 a it can be seen that prepare the eelctro-catalyst favorable dispersibility of gained, size is homogeneous, and its mean diameter is 3.4 nm,
Fig. 3 b is high resolution electron microscopy figure, measures its spacing of lattice and obtains d=0.23 nm, (111) crystal face of corresponding PtPd-100.
Prepared working electrode modified on glass-carbon electrode by the PtPd-100 eelctro-catalyst that the present embodiment is prepared gained, its electricity
Chemism area is measured as 5.3 cm-2, to it at the saturated 0.1 mol/L H of nitrogen2SO4+0.1 mol/LCH3OH solution enters
Row cyclic voltammetry, test condition: sweep limits is-0.2-1.0 V (vs SCE), and scanning speed is 50 mV/s, test
Result is as shown in Fig. 4.
As seen from Figure 4, preparation-obtained PtPd-100 eelctro-catalyst occurs maximum first under the current potential of 0.69 V
Alcohol oxidation peak current density, about 139 mA/mgPt。
Fig. 4 show embodiment 1,2,3 catalyst and prepares three kinds of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalysts and the business of gained
The cyclic voltammetric comparison diagram of industry Pt/C (JM) catalyst Oxidation of Methanol.From Fig. 4, the fuel of embodiment 1 gained
Battery PtPd Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol spike potential is less and peak current density peak performance best, exceeds than commercialization Pt/C
2.7 times, have optimal catalysis Oxidation of Methanol ability, prepare the morphology analysis of gained PtPd eelctro-catalyst in conjunction with three embodiments
Understanding, the performance using the PtPd netted hollow-core construction catalyst that 30 DEG C of methods of fractional steps prepare is optimal.
Fig. 5 show embodiment 1,2,3 and prepares three kinds of fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalysts and Pt, Pd mark of gained
X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) figure of quasi-card (JCPDS), as seen from the figure, contrast Pt, Pd standard card, PtPt-1,
The diffraction maximum of PtPt-2 has negative shifting, the diffraction maximum of PtPd-100 is then between Pt, Pd standard card, it was demonstrated that PtPt-
1, PtPt-2 is intermetallic compound, and PtPd-100 is then alloy structure.
Claims (7)
1. a fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst, it is characterised in that described fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst belongs to net
Shape hollow-core construction, mean diameter is at 2 nm-10 nm, and electrochemical surface area is 2-30 cm2, the atomic ratio of Pt, Pd is 1/3-
3:1.
2. the preparation method of PtPd eelctro-catalyst of the fuel cell described in claim 1, it is characterised in that its preparation method is
Current potential displacement reaction synthesis process, concrete grammar step is as follows:
(1) take triblock copolymer P123 ultrasonic dissolution in redistilled water, transfer them to container is placed in temperature
Stirring on the agitator of degree controller, control temperature, at 30-120 DEG C, obtains P123 solution；
(2) in P123 solution, it is added dropwise over K2PdCl4Solution, after being added dropwise to complete, immediately continues with dropping K2PtCl6Solution, magnetic force
Stirring reaction 2-4 h, obtains black suspension；
(3) by the centrifugation under 5000 r/min ~ 11000 r/min of reacted black suspension, with water and dehydrated alcohol
Wash three to five times, i.e. can get fuel cell PtPd eelctro-catalyst.
The fuel cell preparation method of PtPd eelctro-catalyst the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1),
In mixed solution, triblock copolymer P123 concentration is 33 mg/mL, the K used by the middle dropping of step (2)2PdCl4Concentration is 0.02
mmol/L、K2PtCl6Concentration is 0.02 mmol/L.
The fuel cell preparation method of PtPd eelctro-catalyst the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that triblock copolymer
Thing P123 can also use triblock copolymer F127, P103 and F108 to substitute.
The fuel cell preparation method of PtPd eelctro-catalyst the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2),
Metal front liquid solution drips speed and controls to drip at 5-10 s/.
The fuel cell preparation method of PtPd eelctro-catalyst the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3),
In centrifugal separation processes, first wash 1-2 time with redistilled water, then use absolute ethanol washing 3-4 time, it is ensured that unreacted is complete
Triblock copolymer P123 removes from catalyst surface.
7. the fuel cell described in any one of claim 1-6 with PtPd eelctro-catalyst on electrocatalytic oxidation alcohol type organic
Application, described alcohol type organic includes methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol.
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| CN108598501A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-28 | 三峡大学 | A kind of fuel cell PdRh method for preparing catalyst and its application |
| CN109638297A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of mesoporous platinum nickel phosphorus nanocages elctro-catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN109659573A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-19 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of mesoporous platinum porpezite elctro-catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN109802143A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-24 | 三峡大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of fuel cell 3D reticular structure PdRh alloy elctro-catalyst |
| CN114361487A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-15 | 三峡大学 | PdAg/AgCl alloy electrocatalyst for fuel cell and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108598501A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-28 | 三峡大学 | A kind of fuel cell PdRh method for preparing catalyst and its application |
| CN109638297A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of mesoporous platinum nickel phosphorus nanocages elctro-catalyst and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109802143A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-24 | 三峡大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of fuel cell 3D reticular structure PdRh alloy elctro-catalyst |
| CN114361487A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-15 | 三峡大学 | PdAg/AgCl alloy electrocatalyst for fuel cell and application thereof |
| CN114361487B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-03-15 | 三峡大学 | Fuel cell PdAG/AgCl alloy electrocatalyst and application |
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