CN106205459B - Correction method and correction device for display equipment - Google Patents

Correction method and correction device for display equipment Download PDF

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CN106205459B
CN106205459B CN201610821187.0A CN201610821187A CN106205459B CN 106205459 B CN106205459 B CN 106205459B CN 201610821187 A CN201610821187 A CN 201610821187A CN 106205459 B CN106205459 B CN 106205459B
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齐季
聂玉阳
肖毅
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Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/16—Calculation or use of calculated indices related to luminance levels in display data

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Abstract

A correction method and a correction device for a display device are provided, the correction method for the display device comprises the following steps: calculating an expected brightness value by using a gray standard display function and the test brightness value, and then obtaining an expected gray value by using the test brightness value, the expected brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample; determining a gray scale transformation relation according to the expected gray scale value and the initial gray scale value of the test sample; and adjusting the gray value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray conversion relation so as to finish the correction of the display equipment. The technical scheme of the invention can effectively improve the efficiency of correcting the medical display equipment, simplify the correction process of the medical display equipment, ensure that the common display equipment can also meet the requirement of a medical digital image system for displaying images and reduce the cost of the medical image system.

Description

Correction method and correction device for display equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical display equipment, in particular to a correction method and a correction device of display equipment.
Background
With the development of computer technology, medical Digital imaging systems have become mature, and conventional film systems are rapidly being replaced by Computed Radiography (CR) systems, Digital Radiography (DR) systems, Computed Tomography (CT) systems, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) systems.
The image obtained by the image system is processed, and finally, a monochrome image displayed in a gray value form is displayed by the medical display equipment, and the display quality of the medical display equipment has the most direct and important influence on the effectiveness and the accuracy of the whole medical digital image system.
Because of the lower contrast and lower resolution of the common display equipment, the common display equipment can not meet the requirements of doctors for reading and diagnosing, compared with the common display equipment, the medical display equipment has better performance, and because the medical display equipment is the final presenter of medical images in a digital system, the medical display equipment bears the alternative film, ensures the image quality and enables the doctors to observe and diagnose patients in a 'soft reading' mode. A professional medical display device must support the standard for displaying gray scale images, specifically, the standard of DICOM PART14, which is introduced by Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM), that is, the medical display device must have the capability of adjusting the DICOM standard curve to be in accordance with the DICOM standard, so as to ensure the display quality of the images. Therefore, the medical display device has the characteristics of higher brightness, higher contrast, higher resolution, supporting higher-bit gray scale display and the like, and more importantly, the medical display device has the stability and consistency which are difficult to achieve by common display devices. The stability mainly means that the brightness of the medical display device can be stably maintained at an ideal reading brightness value. Consistency means that in a medical digital imaging system, all medical images are kept visually consistent whether on display devices of image acquisition devices such as DR machines, CT machines and the like or display devices used by outpatients, that is, the display effects of the display devices are consistent. Consistency is important for proper diagnosis by the physician because inconsistent medical images can lead to inconsistent, unreliable, or erroneous diagnoses.
In the existing medical image display systems, medical display devices are commonly used, and since each individual display element can limit or reduce the image quality of the system, it becomes extremely important to measure and correct the display device in a suitable way. If the image display system can be properly adjusted and maintained, different display devices can be made to display the same image substantially consistently.
In the prior art, because the detection and correction work of the medical display equipment is complicated and complicated, the medical display equipment is generally sent to a manufacturer of the medical display equipment for detection and correction only when the medical display equipment is purchased or a display image has a large error at present, however, the display equipment actually influences the accuracy and stability of display when the display image has an error, and if the display equipment does not correct the display image in time, the diagnosis is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that the medical display equipment is complicated in correction process in the prior art.
To solve the above problem, the present invention provides a method for correcting a display device, comprising:
calculating an expected brightness value when the display equipment displays a test sample by using a gray standard display function and a test brightness value, wherein the test brightness value is a brightness value measured when the display equipment displays the test sample;
obtaining an expected gray value when the test sample is displayed by the display device according to the test brightness value, the expected brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample;
determining a gray scale transformation relation according to the expected gray scale value and the initial gray scale value of the test sample;
and adjusting the gray value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray conversion relation.
Optionally, the calculating an expected brightness value when the display device displays the test sample by using the gray scale standard display function and the test brightness value includes:
taking the maximum value and the minimum value of the test brightness value as input values, respectively obtaining the minimum value and the maximum value of the just noticeable difference value JND through the inverse function of the following gray scale standard display function:
j(L)＝A+B×Log10(L)+C×(Log10(L))2+D×(Log10(L))3+E×(Log10(L))4+F×(Log10(L))5+G×(Log10(L))6+H×(Log10(L))7+I×(Log10(L))8
wherein, L represents an input test luminance value, j (L) represents a JND value corresponding to the luminance value L, a-71.498068, B-94.593053, C-41.912053, D-9.8247004, E-0.28175407, F-1.1878455, G-0.18014349, H-0.14710899, and I-0.017046845;
determining a JND value between the minimum value and the maximum value of the JND according to the number of the test samples;
respectively obtaining expected brightness values of the display device when the display device displays the test sample through the following gray scale standard display functions:
Figure BDA0001113887240000031
where j denotes an input JND value, l (j) denotes a desired luminance value corresponding to j, and a-1.3011877 and b-2.5840191E denote JND values-2，c＝8.0242636E-2，d＝-1.0320229E-1，e＝1.3646699E-1，f＝2.8745620E-2，g＝-2.5468404E-2，h＝-3.1978977E-3，k＝1.2992634E-4，m＝1.3635334E-3。
Optionally, the method for correcting the display device further includes: and updating the gray scale conversion relation by an interpolation fitting method before adjusting the gray scale value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray scale conversion relation.
Optionally, the obtaining, by the test brightness value, the expected brightness value, and the initial gray-scale value of the test sample, an expected gray-scale value when the test sample is displayed by the display device includes:
determining the corresponding relation between the gray value displayed by the display equipment and the brightness value according to the test brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample;
by the formula gsi＝index(min(abs(lsi-lk) ) to obtain an expected gray value when the display device displays the test sample, wherein i is an index value of the test sample, k is a gray value displayed by the display device, and l is a gray value displayed by the display devicekIs the corresponding brightness value, ls, when the gray value is kiExpected brightness value gs when displaying test sample with index value i for display deviceiThe expected gray value at the time of the test sample with index value i is displayed for the display device.
Optionally, the number of test samples is related to the number of data bits of the display device.
The technical solution of the present invention also provides a correction device for a display device, including:
the calculating unit is used for calculating an expected brightness value when the display equipment displays the test sample by using a gray standard display function and a test brightness value, wherein the test brightness value is a brightness value measured when the display equipment displays the test sample;
the gray value obtaining unit is used for obtaining an expected gray value when the test sample is displayed by the display equipment according to the test brightness value, the expected brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample;
a determining unit for determining a gray-scale transformation relation from the desired gray-scale value and the initial gray-scale value of the test sample;
and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the gray value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray conversion relation.
Optionally, the correction unit further includes: and the updating unit is used for updating the gray conversion relation by an interpolation fitting method before the gray value of the pixel when the display device displays the image is adjusted according to the gray conversion relation.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the method comprises the steps of testing the brightness of the display equipment by using a certain amount of test samples, obtaining expected brightness values by using the test brightness values and the gray standard function, obtaining expected gray values by using the test brightness values, the expected brightness values and the initial gray values of the test samples, further determining a gray conversion relation, and adjusting the gray values of pixels of the display equipment when the display equipment displays images according to the gray conversion relation, so that the correction of the display equipment is realized, the correction process of the medical display equipment is simplified, the correction efficiency is improved, an operator can regularly maintain the display performance of the medical display equipment, and the stability and the accuracy of the medical display equipment are ensured.
Furthermore, the technical scheme of the invention is also suitable for correcting the common display equipment, and the corrected common display equipment can also achieve good stability and consistency, so that the common display equipment can also meet the requirement of displaying images of the medical digital image system, namely the common display equipment can be used for replacing medical display equipment, and the cost of the medical image system can be reduced to a certain extent.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a calibration method for a medical display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a calibration method of a medical display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a specific calibration process after evaluation of a medical display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Because the prior art needs to obtain complex parameters at a manufacturer in the correction process of the medical display device, the correction of the medical display device can be completed through the complicated correction process, and the detection and correction work of the medical display device can not be completed at a client, so if the detection and correction of the medical display device can be completed through simple operation, the stability and the accuracy of the medical display device can be effectively ensured, the maintenance work of the medical display device by a user can be effectively simplified, and the working efficiency is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a correction method of display equipment. The display device may be either a medical display device or a general display device. The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking a medical display device as an example. For simplicity, in the following discussion, the medical display device is simply referred to as a display device.
As shown in fig. 1, step S1 is first executed to evaluate the display device.
The display device may be evaluated by visual evaluation or quantitative evaluation. Further, in order to obtain a better evaluation result, the display device may be evaluated by two methods, i.e., a visual evaluation and a quantitative evaluation, for example, the display device may be evaluated more accurately by performing the visual evaluation, the macroscopic evaluation by eye observation, the quantitative evaluation, the measurement, the calculation, and the like.
Then in step S2, it is judged whether the display device needs to be corrected according to the evaluation result of step S1, and if so, step S3 is performed; if not, the display equipment is determined not to need to be corrected, and the correction process is finished.
Step S3, calculating an expected brightness value when the display device displays the test sample by using a gray scale standard display function and a test brightness value, where the test brightness value is a brightness value measured when the display device displays the test sample.
The test brightness value may be obtained by a brightness measurement tool such as a brightness meter while the display device displays the test sample.
The number of the test samples can be selected correspondingly according to the data bit number of the display image of the display device. For a display device capable of displaying 256 color images, each pixel on the screen may be represented by an 8-bit binary number, i.e., may be represented by 28Values represent all color values displayed by the display device, which can display 256 color images also referred to as an 8-bit display device. Because the image obtained by the medical image system is processed and finally displayed as a monochrome image in the form of gray scale values by the display device, namely, the medical image system finally presents a black-and-white image through the display device, the black-and-white image contains different gray scale values, the gray scale value is the very important characteristic of the black-and-white medical image and reflects the gradation between the black-and-white images, and for an 8-bit display device, 2 can be displayed when the image shot by the medical image system is displayed8256 gray scale images, and for a 16-bit display device, 2 gray scale images can be displayed when images taken by the medical imaging system are displayed1665536 images with different gray values.
Typically, the number of test samples is less than or equal to 2xWhere x is the number of data bits. For example, for an 8-bit display device, the number of test samples may be selected to be 256 test samples, i.e. one test sample is selected for each gray value that the display device may display. However, it is also possible to select a small measurement in view of facilitating the measurement and reducing the amount of calculationAnd sampling the sample, and then carrying out operations such as interpolation, fitting and the like to obtain all gray values required by the display device to display the image. In the embodiment of the present invention, taking an 8-bit display device as an example, about 10 to 20 test samples may be selected. In other embodiments, a 16-bit or other-bit display device may also be used, and the test samples having the same number of gray values that can be displayed by the display device may be selected, or a small number of test samples may be selected accordingly, which is not limited herein.
After the test samples are selected, the brightness value of each test sample displayed by the display device can be measured to obtain the test brightness value.
Then, the maximum value and the minimum value of the just noticeable difference JND are obtained by the inverse function of the gradation standard display function shown in formula (1) with the maximum value and the minimum value of the test luminance values as input values, respectively.
Figure BDA0001113887240000061
Where L denotes an input test luminance value, j (L) denotes a JND value corresponding to the luminance value L, a-71.498068, B-94.593053, C-41.912053, D-9.8247004, E-0.28175407, F-1.1878455, G-0.18014349, H-0.14710899, and I-0.017046845.
The Just not Noticeable Difference (JND) is the smallest amount of Difference between two stimuli that can be perceived by the sense, and is defined as the number of gray levels that the human eye can distinguish at different luminance values when the luminance value changes. The value of JND is luminance-dependent, i.e., the higher the luminance value, the higher the value of JND.
Then determining all JND values between the minimum value and the maximum value of the JND according to the number of the test samples; and respectively obtaining expected brightness values of the display device when the test sample is displayed through the gray scale standard display function shown in the formula (2).
Figure BDA0001113887240000062
Where j denotes an input JND value, l (j) denotes a desired luminance value corresponding to j, and a-1.3011877 and b-2.5840191E denote JND values-2，c＝8.0242636E-2，d＝-1.0320229E-1，e＝1.3646699E-1，f＝2.8745620E-2，g＝-2.5468404E-2，h＝-3.1978977E-3，k＝1.2992634E-4，m＝1.3635334E-3。
The determining of all JND values between the minimum value and the maximum value of the JND according to the number of the test samples may be equally dividing the value between the minimum value and the maximum value of the JND into the same number of pieces as the test samples, and then obtaining the JND value as an input value by equally dividing the JND value, and substituting the JND value into formula (2) to obtain an expected luminance value when the display device displays the test samples.
After step S3, continuing to step S4, the desired gray scale value when the test sample is displayed by the display device is obtained from the test brightness value, the desired brightness value and the initial gray scale value of the test sample.
Specifically, determining the corresponding relation between the gray value displayed by the display equipment and the brightness value according to the test brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample; the expected gray value of the display device when displaying the test sample is then obtained by equation (3).
gsi＝index(min(abs(lsi-lk))) (3)
Where i is the index value of the test sample, k is the gray scale value displayed by the display device, and lkIs the corresponding brightness value, ls, when the gray value is kiExpected brightness value gs when displaying test sample with index value i for display deviceiThe expected gray value at the time of the test sample with index value i is displayed for the display device.
Step S5 is performed to determine a gray-scale transformation relationship from the desired gray-scale value and the initial gray-scale value of the test sample.
Specifically, the initial gray value may be used as an abscissa, the desired gray value is used as an ordinate, discrete points in a coordinate system represent the corresponding relationship between the initial gray value and the desired gray value of the test sample, and a curve obtained by fitting the discrete points is a gray conversion curve, where the gray conversion curve represents the gray conversion relationship between the desired gray value and the initial gray value.
In specific implementation, since the gray scale conversion curve is determined according to the expected gray scale value and the initial gray scale value of the test sample, and the number of the test samples may be a certain number of selected test samples, instead of all test samples corresponding to the number of data bits of the image that can be displayed by the display device, at this time, operations such as interpolation, fitting, and the like may be performed on the gray scale conversion curve to obtain the corresponding relationship between all initial gray scale values and the expected gray scale values that are required by the display device to display the image, so as to obtain the gray scale conversion curve, and the new gray scale conversion curve is used as the finally determined gray scale conversion curve.
Through the interpolation and fitting operations, the gray scale conversion curve can be determined only by calculating the expected gray scale values of a small number of test samples, so that the situation that in the prior art, all the expected gray scale values required by the display equipment for displaying the image are required to be calculated in the process of determining the gray scale conversion curve can be avoided, the measurement and calculation processes can be effectively simplified, and the calculation amount is reduced.
Step S6 is executed to adjust the gray-scale value of the pixel when the image is displayed by the display device according to the gray-scale transformation relation.
Through the gray scale conversion relationship determined in step S5, before the display device displays the image, the gray scale value of the image displayed by the display device is adjusted according to the gray scale conversion relationship, and the gray scale value of the pixel when the display device displays the image is adjusted, so that the display device meets the display requirement of displaying the image captured by the medical imaging system, thereby completing the correction of the display device.
In the embodiment, the medical display device is evaluated by two methods, namely, visual evaluation and quantitative evaluation, and whether the medical display device needs to be corrected is determined according to an evaluation result through the visual evaluation; after the visual evaluation, in order to obtain a more accurate evaluation result, quantitative evaluation may be performed again, and whether the medical display device needs to be corrected is determined again according to the result of the quantitative evaluation. Further, after the medical display device is corrected according to the evaluation result, visual evaluation or quantitative evaluation may be performed again, and the corrected medical display device is evaluated to evaluate whether the display performance of the corrected medical display device meets the requirement, so as to determine whether the medical display device needs to be corrected again, thereby obtaining a more accurate correction result.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the calibration method of the medical display device according to this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 2, step S210 is executed first to start the calibration function. Specifically, with regard to the activation of the calibration function of the display device, in actual use, it is common practice to calibrate the medical display device at regular intervals, for example, every quarter, or to determine when to calibrate the medical display device according to actual conditions.
After the correction function is started, step S220 is performed to set a detection environment.
In order to better evaluate the display device and further correct the display device according to the evaluation result, the detection environment needs to be set correspondingly, for example, before evaluating the display device, it is ensured that the display device to be detected has operated constantly for a period of time. It can be understood that if the detection work such as evaluation is started immediately after the display device is turned on, the brightness of the displayed image may be unstable due to the instability of the turn-on current, voltage and the like when the display device is turned on, which may result in the inaccuracy of obtaining the test brightness value and the like, and may finally result in the evaluation and correction results of the display deviceIs inaccurate. The corresponding setting of the detection environment may further comprise setting the brightness of the display device to be detected to a predetermined brightness value, which may be an ideal reading brightness value for clinical needs, such as a value set at 400cd/m2(candela per square meter) to 500cd/m2Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the predetermined luminance value LpreSet to 500cd/m2In other embodiments, the predetermined brightness value of the display device may be set according to the actual needs of the doctor during reading, the usage habit of the doctor, and the like. In this step, in order to obtain a more accurate detection result, other light sources except for the light source of the display device itself should be shielded when the detection environment is set, so as to ensure the accuracy of the test brightness value and the like.
After the detection environment is set, the evaluation of the display device is started to evaluate whether the display device needs to be corrected. In this example, TG18 test standards were used for evaluation. The TG18 detection standard is a relevant detection standard that is specified explicitly by the american society for medical and physics, taking into account the human eye visual system, environmental factors, liquid crystal panel characteristics, etc., and is an optical detection standard given for the display quality of images of medical imaging systems. Specifically, the following description will be given taking a display device in which the number of data bits of a display image is 8 bits as an example, in which a relevant test sample of TG18 is used for detection work such as evaluation.
And step S230 is executed, a visual evaluation method is adopted for evaluation, and whether the display device needs to be corrected or not is macroscopically judged.
The visual assessment includes at least one of an overall quality assessment, a grayscale resolution assessment, a luminance response assessment, a luminance consistency assessment, and a dead-spot detection assessment. Specifically, it is possible to determine the state of the current display device by visually observing details when the test sample is displayed, using a relevant test sample of TG18, and thereby determine whether the display device needs to be subjected to a corrective operation.
The overall quality evaluation may be performed by using the TG18-QC test sample to perform overall quality evaluation on the display device, for example, when the display device displays the TG18-QC test sample, it may be observed whether the high contrast mode at the center and four corners is clearly visible, whether the black-white and white-black conversion is clear, whether the gray scale conversion bars are continuously and uniformly changed, whether the lines at the edge and the center are all straight lines, and the like. Whether the high-contrast mode at the center and the four corners is clearly visible or not means whether lines for judging the contrast effect can be clearly seen at the center and the four corners of the image or not when the display is observed to display the test sample in the higher brightness mode. The grayscale resolution evaluation may be evaluated using a TG18-MP test sample. The evaluation of the luminance response can be carried out by adopting a TG18-CT test sample, or can be carried out by adopting a TG18-QC test sample, and the adoption of a TG18-CT test sample is a more complete visual response evaluation method, and particularly, whether all four square blocks and the central half-month in 16 luminance blocks of the TG18-CT test sample displayed by a display device are visible or not can be evaluated. The brightness consistency evaluation can be carried out by adopting TG18-UN80 test samples, for example, TG18-UN80 test samples are displayed by a display device, obvious inconsistent areas are searched from the center to the edge, and whether the TG18-UN80 test samples displayed by the display device are consistent in brightness or not is evaluated. The dead pixel detection is evaluated by adopting TG18-UN10 and TG18-UN80 test samples, for example, TG18-UN10 and TG18-UN80 are adopted to count the number of dead pixels and the type of the dead pixels, and in specific implementation, a magnifying glass can be used for detecting the dead pixels of the test samples displaying corresponding TG18-UN10 and TG18-UN 80.
After the visual evaluation through step S230, step S240 is performed to determine whether the display apparatus needs to be corrected.
If yes, step S270 may be directly performed to correct the display device; if the judgment result is no, step S250 is executed, and it is further determined whether the display device needs to be corrected through quantitative evaluation.
In other embodiments, if the determination result in step S240 is yes, that is, it is determined that the display device needs to be corrected, step S250 may be performed, that is, after the display device is visually evaluated, quantitative evaluation is performed in step S250, so that the display device is more accurately evaluated, and whether the display device needs to be corrected is accurately evaluated. If the determination result in step S240 is no, that is, it is determined that the display device does not need to be corrected, the present correction process may also be directly ended, that is, the display device is not corrected.
Step S250, quantitative evaluation. And evaluating the display equipment by adopting a quantitative evaluation method, wherein the quantitative evaluation is to obtain a corresponding measured value by measuring the brightness value, the illumination value and the like of the display equipment when the display equipment displays the test sample, then comparing the measured value with an index value, and determining whether the display equipment needs to be corrected according to the comparison result. In this embodiment, a corresponding index value is set for each measurement value, and whether the index requirement is met is determined by comparing the measurement value with the corresponding index value.
In quantitative evaluation, it is necessary to obtain the brightness L of the test environment lightambSpecifically, the illuminance E of the display device in a test environment is first measured, and then the intrinsic parameters of the display device, such as the diffuse reflection coefficient R, are obtained from the specification of the display devicedAnd then calculating the brightness of the test environment light through the formula (4).
Lamb＝E×Rd(4)
In this embodiment, the quantitative evaluation may include a basic brightness evaluation, a brightness response evaluation, a brightness consistency evaluation, and the like.
The basic brightness evaluation may be evaluated by a maximum brightness value deviation, a brightness ratio, and a safety factor.
Specifically, the minimum luminance L 'under test ambient light is acquired first'minThe test sample TG18-LN12-01 can be adopted, and the minimum brightness value L of the test sample TG18-LN12-01 displayed by the display equipment can be measured by using a brightness meterminThen the light is displayed under the test environment calculated by the formula (5)Device displays minimum brightness value L 'of TG18-LN12-01 test sample'min。
L′min＝Lmin+Lamb(5)
Obtaining the maximum brightness value L 'under test environment light'maxSpecifically, the maximum luminance value L of the TG18-LN12-18 test sample displayed on the display device can be measured by using a luminance meter using the TG18-LN12-18 test samplemaxThen, the maximum brightness value L 'of the test sample displayed by the display device under the test environment light is calculated by the formula (6) and is TG18-LN 12-18'max。
L′max＝Lmax+Lamb(6)
Calculating the maximum brightness value deviation L by the formula (7)maxdevision, wherein L in formula (7)preIs a predetermined brightness value; calculating to obtain a brightness ratio r' by a formula (8); and calculating a safety factor a by using a formula (9).
Figure BDA0001113887240000112
Figure BDA0001113887240000113
In this embodiment, the index value of the maximum luminance value deviation is ± 5%, the index value of the safety factor is 0.4, and the index value of the luminance ratio is 250.
And according to the calculation result, evaluating the display equipment: when the value of the maximum brightness value deviation is out of the range of +/-5%, namely the index requirement of the maximum brightness value deviation is not met, determining that the display equipment needs to be corrected; when the safety coefficient value is larger than 0.4, namely the index requirement of the safety coefficient is not met, confirming that the display equipment needs to be corrected; and when the value of the brightness ratio is less than 250, namely the index requirement of the brightness ratio is not met, confirming that the display equipment needs to be corrected.
The luminance response evaluation may be evaluated using a luminance deviation maximum value, and specifically, 18 test samples may be adopted for TG18-LN12-01 to TG18-LN12-18, luminance values L (LN01) to L (LN18) when each test sample is displayed by the display device are measured separately in a dark room using a luminance meter, and 18 luminance values are obtained from formula (10) for luminance values L '(LN 01) to L' (LN18) under test environment light, and 18 luminance values under test environment light.
L′＝L+Lamb(10)
Then, from the luminance values L '(LN 01) to L' (LN18) under test environment light, the maximum luminance value and the minimum luminance value; calculating according to a formula (1) to obtain a maximum value J of the JND corresponding to the maximum brightness value and the minimum brightness value under the test environment lightmaxAnd minimum value J of JNDminThe maximum value J of JND is obtained by equation (11)maxAnd minimum value J of JNDminValue J of JND in betweeni。
Figure BDA0001113887240000121
Where i is the index value of the test sample (1, 2, … …, 18), JminThe minimum value J of JND corresponding to the minimum brightness value under the test environment lightmin，PiIs the difference between the index value i of the test sample and the minimum index value of the test sample, and Δ J is JmaxAnd JminI.e. Δ J equals Jmax—JminAnd Δ P is the difference between the maximum index value of the test sample and the minimum index value of the test sample.
In practical implementation, equation (11) can also be converted to equation (12), and J can be determined from equation (12)i。
Figure BDA0001113887240000122
Where i is the index value of the test sample, JminFor testing the minimum brightness value under the ambient lightMinimum value J of the corresponding JNDmin，JmaxMaximum value J of JND corresponding to maximum brightness value under test environment lightmaxAnd y is the number of test samples.
The measured contrast δ is calculated by the formula (13)iThe desired contrast δ is calculated by equation (14)i d。
Figure BDA0001113887240000131
Wherein, L'iA test brightness value, L, corresponding to the test sample with index value ii′dExpected luminance value, J, corresponding to a test sample having an index value of iiThe JND value corresponding to the test sample with index value i.
Then, the luminance deviation is calculated by the following equation (15)i。
Figure BDA0001113887240000133
Wherein i is greater than or equal to 2, deltaiMeasured contrast, δ, corresponding to a test sample with index value ii dThe expected contrast corresponding to the test sample with index value i. Taking the percentage of brightness deviation corresponding to all test samplesiThe maximum value of (1) is taken as the maximum value of the luminance deviation.
In the present embodiment, the index value of the maximum value of the luminance deviation is 15%. And when the maximum brightness deviation value is larger than 15%, namely the index requirement of the maximum brightness deviation value is not met, confirming that the display equipment needs to be corrected.
The brightness uniformity evaluation may be evaluated by a maximum value of uniformity deviation, and specifically, the centers of the display devices displaying the test samples TG18 to ULN80 may be acquired by using the test samples TG18 to ULN80, respectivelyAnd the brightness values of the four corners (L)Center，LTop-left，LTop-right，LBottom-left，LBottom-right) Taking the maximum value L of the 5 luminance valueshighestAnd a minimum value LlowestThen, the maximum value of the uniformity deviation is calculated by the formula (16).
Figure BDA0001113887240000134
In this embodiment, the index value of the maximum consistency deviation value is 30%, and when the maximum consistency deviation value is greater than 30%, that is, the index requirement of the maximum consistency deviation value is not met, it is determined that the display device needs to be corrected.
In other embodiments, the setting of the index value may be adaptively changed according to the system performance of the display device, which is not limited herein.
After the quantitative evaluation in step S250, step S260 is executed to determine whether the display device needs to be corrected, that is, each measured value is compared with the corresponding index value to determine whether the index requirement is met, and if not, it is determined that the display device needs to be corrected, step S270 is executed; and if all the measured values meet the respective index requirements, judging that the display equipment does not need to be corrected, and ending the correction process.
Step S270, correcting the display device.
In specific implementation, a gray scale conversion curve is obtained through steps S310 to S370 shown in fig. 3, and then the display device is corrected using the gray scale conversion curve, and the steps are described in detail below.
In the process of correcting the display device, 18 TG18 standard test templates of TG18-LN 12-01-TG 18-LN12-18 are adopted as test samples in the embodiment.
Step S310 is executed to obtain test brightness values of the test samples, the brightness values of the test samples corresponding to TG18-LN 12-01-TG 18-LN12-18 displayed by the display device can be measured by a brightness meter in a dark room, then the brightness values are added with the brightness values of the test environment light to be used as the test brightness values of the test samples, namely the brightness values measured when the test samples are displayed by the display device, 18 test brightness values are obtained in total, and the test brightness values respectively correspond to TG18-LN 12-01-TG 18-LN 12-18.
It should be noted that, if the process of quantitative evaluation has been performed before the correction of the display device, here, the luminance values L '(LN 01) to L' (LN18) under test environment light of the test samples corresponding to TG18-LN12-01 to TG18-LN12-18 displayed by the display device obtained in the luminance response evaluation in the quantitative evaluation process may also be used directly as the test luminance values without further measurement.
Then, step S320 is executed to calculate a JND value corresponding to the maximum value of the test luminance values and a JND value corresponding to the minimum value of the test luminance values by using the inverse function of the gray scale standard display function.
Calculating a JND value corresponding to the maximum value of the test brightness value by taking the maximum value of the test brightness value as an input through an inverse function of a gray standard display function, namely formula (1), and the JND value is called as a maximum JND value; the JND value corresponding to the minimum value of the test luminance values, referred to herein as the minimum JND value, is calculated using the minimum value of the test luminance values as input.
Step S330 is executed to equally divide the value between the maximum JND value and the minimum JND value. Since 18 test samples in total are adopted in this embodiment from TG18-LN12-01 to TG18-LN12-18, the difference between the maximum JND value and the minimum JND value is equally divided into 17 parts here to obtain 18 JND values in total including the maximum JND value and the minimum JND value, and specifically, formula (12) can be adopted.
Step S340 is executed to calculate the desired brightness value from the gray scale standard display function. I.e. by equation (2), the desired luminance value is calculated.
In step S330, a total of 18 JND values can be obtained, which correspond to TG18-LN12-01 to TG18-LN12-18 in sequence from small to large, and the expected brightness values of 18 test samples can be obtained through formula (2). Specifically, the 1 st JND value (i.e., the minimum value of JND) is substituted into formula (2) to obtain a desired luminance value at the time of display device display TG18-LN12-01, the 2 nd JND value is substituted into formula (2) to obtain a desired luminance value at the time of display device display TG18-LN12-02, … …, and the last 1 JND value (i.e., the maximum value of JND) is substituted into formula (2) to obtain a desired luminance value at the time of display device display TG18-LN 12-18.
Step S350 is executed to obtain an expected gray-scale value when the test sample is displayed by the display device from the test brightness value, the expected brightness value and the initial gray-scale value of the test sample.
Since the TG18 test specification gives one initial gray value for each test sample, there are 18 corresponding initial gray values for TG18-LN12-01 to TG18-LN12-18 in total. The 18 test brightness values obtained in step S310 correspond to TG18-LN 12-01-TG 18-LN12-18, respectively, so that the corresponding relationship between the initial gray value and the test brightness value can be established.
Since 18 test samples of TG18-LN12-01 to TG18-LN12-18 are used in this embodiment, only 18 initial gray values and 18 test brightness values can be obtained, and since these initial gray values and corresponding test brightness values are discrete points and the corresponding relationship between the gray values and brightness values that can be displayed by the display device cannot be accurately described, a curve of the gray values and the brightness values can be obtained from the 18 initial gray values and the 18 test brightness values by means of interpolation fitting or the like, for example, a curve of the gray values and the brightness values corresponding to the gray values can be obtained by means of interpolation algorithm, the display device in this embodiment with 8 bits of data bits of the display image needs to be obtained, the whole curve of 256 gray values and a corresponding curve of the 256 brightness values corresponding to the gray values are obtained, and then the formula (3) is combined, and obtaining 18 expected gray values corresponding to all the test samples TG18-LN 12-01-TG 18-LN12-18 by the 18 expected brightness values obtained in step S340. The specific description of equation (3) is as follows:
gsi＝index(min(abs(lsi-lk))) (3)
wherein i is an index value of the test sample and takes a value of 1-18, k takes a value of 0-255, and lkThe luminance value, ls, corresponding to a gray value k among the 256 gray values obtained by the above interpolationiThe desired brightness value gs when the index value is i among the 18 desired brightness values obtained in step S340iIs the expected gray scale value corresponding to the expected brightness value when the index value is i.
The formula (3) has the meaning of (ls)i-lk) Indicating a desired luminance value ls when the index value is iiAnd a luminance value l corresponding to 256 gray values k from 0 to 255, where k is the value obtained by the interpolationkRespectively calculating difference values to obtain 256 difference values in total; abs represents taking the absolute value of each of the 256 differences; min represents the minimum value of 256 difference values obtained after the absolute value is obtained; index indicates when the minimum value of the difference is obtained, lkThe value of the corresponding subscript value k.
By the formula (3), 18 desired gray-scale values corresponding to the 18 desired brightness values obtained in step S340 can be obtained.
Step S360 is executed to calculate a gray-scale transformation curve from the initial gray-scale value corresponding to the test sample and the expected gray-scale value corresponding to the test sample.
Establishing a corresponding relation between the initial gray value corresponding to the TG18-LN 12-01-TG 18-LN12-18 test sample and the expected gray value corresponding to the TG18-LN 12-01-TG 18-LN12-18 test sample obtained in step S350, that is, determining a transformation relation between the initial gray value and the expected gray value, where the transformation relation may be represented by a gray transformation curve, and specifically, the gray transformation curve may be determined by using the initial gray value and the expected gray value as different coordinate axes. The transformation relationship between the initial gray value and the desired gray value can also be denoted as a Look-Up Table (LUT), denoted as gsi＝LUT(gi) Wherein g isiIs the ith initial gray value, gsiIs the expected gray scale value corresponding to the ith initial gray scale value. The LUT is actually a mapping table of the gray values of pixels of an image, and in general, in a medical display device, the gray scale conversion curve is also referred to as an LUT curve.
Step S370 is performed to update the gradation conversion curve.
Since the correspondence between the initial gray scale values and the expected gray scale values of 18 test samples TG18-LN12-01 to TG18-LN12-18 is obtained in step S360, for a display device with 8 bits of data bits for displaying an image, it is necessary to establish the correspondence between the 256 initial gray scale values and the expected gray scale values required for displaying the image by an interpolation algorithm, for example, 256 discrete points in a coordinate system can be obtained by interpolation to respectively represent the correspondence between the initial gray scale values and the expected gray scale values, and then the discrete points are fitted into a new gray scale conversion curve. Further, it is also possible to create a new LUT curve from 256 discrete points, replacing the existing LUT curve of the display device with the new LUT curve.
To this end, the calibration process of the display device is completed, in the above steps, the steps S320 to S370 may be packaged, and then the display device system automatically executes the steps S320 to S370, and for the user, only the test brightness value obtained in the step S310 needs to be input.
It should be noted that, for an 8-bit display device, in this embodiment, for convenience of measurement, calculation, and the like, 18 test samples are selected, and then all gray values required by the display device to display an image are obtained through operations such as interpolation, fitting, and the like. In other embodiments, the number of the test samples may also be selected to be 256 test samples, that is, one test sample is selected for each gray scale value that can be displayed by the display device, and the number of the test samples is selected, which is not limited herein.
In the above embodiment, the display device may be evaluated macroscopically through visual evaluation, or may be accurately evaluated through quantitative evaluation, so that the evaluation of the display device may be evaluated differently according to different requirements; in the correction process, a user can finish the correction of the display equipment by an interpolation and fitting method only through test brightness values obtained by a small number of test samples, compared with the prior art, the conventional correction process of the display equipment needs to test all test brightness values corresponding to the number of data bits of the display image of the display equipment.
In addition, in the process of actually using the display device in the prior art, it often occurs that when different display devices display the same sub-image, the brightness values of the images are different, that is, the display effects when different display devices display the same sub-image are inconsistent, so that inconsistent results are brought to the doctor for reading or diagnosing, and further unreliable or wrong diagnosis is caused. In this embodiment, the value between the minimum value of the JND and the maximum value of the JND is equally divided, a desired luminance value is obtained by using GSDF (gray scale standard display function), a desired gray value is further obtained, and an LUT curve is established based on the initial gray value and the desired gray value. Before the display device displays the image, the LUT curve transformation is carried out on the image, so that the gray value of the finally displayed image is the expected gray value, and the brightness value is the expected brightness value, thereby realizing the consistency of the display effect of the same image on different display devices.
The method is also applicable to the correction of the common display device, and the correction of the common display device by the method can make the corrected common display device have the same good stability and consistency as the medical display device, so that the common display device can also meet the requirements of the medical digital imaging system for displaying images, and when the images shot by the medical digital imaging system are processed, the common display device can be used to replace the medical display device.
Corresponding to the correction method of the display device, the technical scheme of the invention also provides a correction device of the display device, and the correction device comprises an evaluation unit, a calculation unit, a gray value acquisition unit, a determination unit and an adjustment unit.
The evaluation unit is used for evaluating whether the display equipment needs to be corrected, and the evaluation comprises at least one of visual evaluation and quantitative evaluation. And the calculating unit is used for calculating an expected brightness value when the display device displays the test sample by using a gray standard display function and a test brightness value when the evaluation result of the evaluating unit is yes, wherein the test brightness value is a brightness value measured when the display device displays the test sample. The gray value obtaining unit is used for obtaining the expected gray value when the test sample is displayed by the display equipment according to the test brightness value, the expected brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample. The determining unit is used for determining a gray scale transformation relation according to the initial gray scale value and the expected gray scale value of the test sample. And the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the gray value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray conversion relation.
For the implementation of the specific functions of each unit in the correction apparatus of the display device, reference may be made to the specific implementation provided in the correction method of the display device, and details are not described here again.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method of calibrating a display device, comprising:
after a correction function of the display equipment is started, setting a detection environment to enable the display equipment to carry out correction evaluation in a stable operation environment;
when the evaluation result is that the display equipment needs to be corrected, calculating an expected brightness value when the display equipment displays a test sample by using a gray standard display function and a test brightness value, wherein the test brightness value is a brightness value measured when the display equipment displays the test sample;
obtaining an expected gray value when the test sample is displayed by the display device according to the test brightness value, the expected brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample;
determining a gray scale transformation relation according to the expected gray scale value and the initial gray scale value of the test sample;
and adjusting the gray value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray conversion relation.
2. The method of calibrating a display device according to claim 1, wherein said calculating a desired luminance value of the display device when displaying the test sample using the gray scale standard display function and the test luminance value comprises:
taking the maximum value and the minimum value of the test brightness value as input values, respectively obtaining the minimum value and the maximum value of the just noticeable difference value JND through the inverse function of the following gray scale standard display function:
j(L)＝A+B×Log10(L)+C×(Log10(L))2+D×(Log10(L))3+E×(Log10(L))4+F×(Log10(L))5+G×(Log10(L))6+H×(Log10(L))7+I×(Log10(L))8
wherein, L represents an input test luminance value, j (L) represents a JND value corresponding to the luminance value L, a-71.498068, B-94.593053, C-41.912053, D-9.8247004, E-0.28175407, F-1.1878455, G-0.18014349, H-0.14710899, and I-0.017046845;
determining a JND value between the minimum value and the maximum value of the JND according to the number of the test samples;
respectively obtaining expected brightness values of the display device when the display device displays the test sample through the following gray scale standard display functions:
Figure FDA0002253566480000011
where j denotes an input JND value, l (j) denotes a desired luminance value corresponding to j, and a-1.3011877 and b-2.5840191E denote JND values-2，c＝8.0242636E-2，d＝-1.0320229E-1，e＝1.3646699E-1，f＝2.8745620E-2，g＝-2.5468404E-2，h＝-3.1978977E-3，k＝1.2992634E-4，m＝1.3635334E-3。
3. The correction method for a display device according to claim 1, further comprising: and updating the gray scale conversion relation by an interpolation fitting method before adjusting the gray scale value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray scale conversion relation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the desired gray scale value when the display device displays the test sample from the test brightness value, the desired brightness value, and the initial gray scale value of the test sample comprises:
determining the corresponding relation between the gray value displayed by the display equipment and the brightness value according to the test brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample;
by the formula gsi＝index(min(abs(lsi-lk) ) to obtain an expected gray value when the display device displays the test sample, wherein i is an index value of the test sample, k is a gray value displayed by the display device, and l is a gray value displayed by the display devicekIs the corresponding brightness value, ls, when the gray value is kiExpected brightness value gs when displaying test sample with index value i for display deviceiThe expected gray value at the time of the test sample with index value i is displayed for the display device.
5. The calibration method for a display device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the test samples is related to the number of bits of data of the display device.
6. A correction apparatus of a display device, comprising:
the correction evaluation unit is used for setting a detection environment after a correction function of the display equipment is started, so that the display equipment is subjected to correction evaluation in a stable operation environment;
the calculation unit is used for calculating an expected brightness value when the display equipment displays a test sample by using a gray standard display function and a test brightness value when the evaluation result is that the display equipment needs to be corrected, wherein the test brightness value is a brightness value measured when the display equipment displays the test sample;
the gray value obtaining unit is used for obtaining an expected gray value when the test sample is displayed by the display equipment according to the test brightness value, the expected brightness value and the initial gray value of the test sample;
a determining unit for determining a gray-scale transformation relation from the desired gray-scale value and the initial gray-scale value of the test sample;
and the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the gray value of the pixel when the display equipment displays the image according to the gray conversion relation.
7. The correction apparatus of a display device according to claim 6, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises: and the updating unit is used for updating the gray conversion relation by an interpolation fitting method before the gray value of the pixel when the display device displays the image is adjusted according to the gray conversion relation.
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