CN106203729A - A kind of assistance carries out the method and system of underground water pollution assessment - Google Patents
A kind of assistance carries out the method and system of underground water pollution assessment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to subsoil water evaluation areas, be can be with the expert evaluation system realized under the self-service specialist system of realization on line, and necessary line by the flowsheet simulation that underground water pollution is assessed.On line in specialist system, underground water pollution evaluation work is split into 8 big classes, 35 subclasses and up to a hundred segmentation tasks according to time and logical order.For each segmentation task, specialist system each provides sample answer and explains in detail.Consigner's technology represents after accepting unified training, can independently carry out underground water pollution entry evaluation utilizing on line on the basis of resource.The technical documentation that entry evaluation is full and accurate by producing piece of content, becomes the blank of assessment report.On this basis, subsoil water assessment experts and consigner's technology represent online under carry out project communication, groundwater numerical simulation is carried out cross-examination and perfect, assessment report first draft is modified and processes.At the end of evaluation work, complete the capacity building to consigner and results transferring simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water Contamination Assessment field, be specifically related to a kind of assistance and carry out the method for underground water pollution assessment and be
System.
Background technology
Subsoil water is as water body important on the earth, and groundwater flow is important water cycle process；Subsoil water is actively joined
With geological process and earth evolution process；There are important ecological functions；Subsoil water is composed the ground deposited and is collectively formed earth's surface with it
Stress equilibrium system.Subsoil water and human society also have close relationship simultaneously.The storage of subsoil water is just like in underground shape
Become a huge reservoir, with its stable water supply conditions, good water quality, and become agricultural irrigation, industrial and mining establishment and city
The important water source of city's domestic water, becomes the requisite important water resources of human society, especially earth's surface hydropenia arid,
Semiarid zone, subsoil water usually becomes local main resource of water supply.
The water yield of surface water and water quality are relatively easy to measure, and subsoil water is disguised strong, except the centralized discharge such as spring water, well water
Outside area, it is not available for the natural window directly observed.In a very long time, it is believed that soil on water-bearing layer and
Deposit can stop pollutant to migrate to subsoil water with current as naturally " filter ".But it is left to the seventies in last century
The right side, people gradually form common recognition, it is understood that these filter courses tend not to effectively stop the pollutant migration to underground reservoir.
While it is true, there have been fairly large number of pollutant to enter in soil and groundwater.These contaminated sites are being ground
During studying carefully, scientists comes to realise once underground reservoir and is contaminated, and its harm may continue decades very
To the longer time, and it is difficult to find cost-effective treating method.
Up to the present, carry out the Main Basis of underground water pollution assessment remain boring and based on boring carry out each
Planting observation and test, the information source of this point-like is doomed to be sparse, and within the quite a long time, underground water pollution is assessed
Principal contradiction will be the contradiction between high investigation cost and the data relatively lacked；What professional faced mainly chooses
War also would be how to use limited operating budget to obtain polluted information as much as possible.
Subsoil water run-off in same water-bearing layer is the main study subject of subsoil water science, is also underground water pollution
The theoretical basis of assessment.People get used to using linear relationship groundwater flow amount to be connected with underground hydraulic gradient, this
One relation is referred to as " Darcy's law ", is the scientific law on basis the most in subsoil water science.Darcy's law introduces one
The parameter " infiltration coefficient (K) " fabricated is used for describing the water guide character in water-bearing layer.When the infiltration coefficient in water-bearing layer is big, its transmissibility
Can be good.Theoretically, as long as the level of ground water in well is monitored in time sight locality, it is possible to obtain corresponding hydraulic gradient letter
Breath, adds the understanding to AQUIFER HYDRAULIC, and we just can be with the run-off holding subsoil water of outline.To carry out more
Fine flow rate calculation, then so can obtain mould by room and time discretization and then set up groundwater numerical simulation
Groundwater Flow state on optional position in type.
Jointly act in subsoil water data scarcity and numerical model high speed development two aspect based on large-scale matrix computing
Under, groundwater Numerical Simulation has become as the Main Means of underground water pollution assessment.
After the eighties, groundwater quality pollution problem occurs rapidly, and the important pole being quickly become in problem of groundwater,
But China's subsoil water education system is still taken as the leading factor with environmental problem from taking as the leading factor slowly to turn to water supply problem in following, this
It is on the weak side that one resource mispairing result in China's overall subsoil water Contamination Assessment ability, needs badly and carries out capacity building.
In China's system, the investigation of underground water pollution, assessment and prevention and cure of pollution are responsible for by environmental administration.When connecing
After comprising the task that underground water pollution is assessed, owing to lacking Hydrogeological Work basis, environmental assessment unit (" is entrusted
Unit ") general by this part working delegation to Geological And Mineral Resources Departments In Their subordinate unit (" trustee "), designated contact is carried out simultaneously
Contact.Trustee entrusts according to unit recipient, on-site investigation writes four steps with project analysis, prediction and evaluation and report
Carry out underground water pollution evaluation work.Unit recipient is entrusted and is collection related data, understands project overview；On-site investigation and work
Journey analysis is then to investigate and analyse projects present situation；Prediction and evaluation is gained data and survey data to be carried out project
Generally modeling is changed, according to project purpose forecast assessment result；Final step is by writing of assessment report.
Current current underground water pollution estimation flow has the disadvantage in that
1. consigner and the entrusted information asymmetry, cause work quality the highest.
Consigner typically can appoint one technical staff of our unit as project contacts, and this contact person is by experience and subject
Background limits, it is impossible to effectively supervise the entrusted.On the other hand, underground water pollution is assessed it is generally required to set up mathematical modulo
Type, needs a large amount of field data, and the entrusted is frequently encountered difficulty when requiring data to consigner.Above-mentioned information asymmetry
Reality cause underground water pollution evaluation work of low quality become high discovery as.
2. assessment cannot be carried out substantive result transfer after terminating.
After evaluation item terminates, the entrusted provides the files such as report, map, electronic document to consigner, but this is not
Substantial results transferring.Due to consigner, nobody deeply participates in evaluation item, so consigner has no ability to obtaining into one
After step data, the mathematical model producing assessment result is modified and perfect.
3. consigner independently cultivate underground water pollution assessment the talent extremely difficult.
Underground water pollution based on numerical simulation assessment is the technical professional activity the strongest with practicalness, not only needs to comment
Estimate people and have hydrogeological specialty background and numerical computations basis, in addition it is also necessary to consigner's unit has this intermediate item of supervision and cultivates this type of
The ability of the talent, it is unpractical for relying solely on existing Simulation is assessed technology short-term training course (duration is within a week) on market.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of high efficiency assistance carries out underground water pollution
The method of assessment.
For achieving the above object, the invention discloses following technical scheme:
A kind of assistance carries out the method for underground water pollution assessment:
Consigner utilizes on the line that the entrusted provides expert evaluation system under self-service specialist system and line dirty to subsoil water
Dye is estimated, and on line, underground water pollution evaluation work is split by specialist system according to time and logical order, is split as 8
Big class, up to a hundred segmentation tasks, for each segmentation task, on line, expert evaluation system provides sample answer respectively and solves in detail
Releasing, consigner's technology represents after accepting unified training, independently carries out subsoil water on the basis of the most self-service specialist system resource
Polluting entry evaluation, entry evaluation, by producing the full and accurate technical documentation of piece of content (model audit table), becomes assessment report
Blank, on this basis, under line, expert evaluation system carries out project ditch based on technology files under representing online with consigner's technology
Logical, groundwater numerical simulation is carried out cross-examination and perfect, assessment report first draft is modified and processes, in evaluation work result
Time, complete capacity building and the results transferring of consigner simultaneously.
Further, described line is assisted during self-service specialist system to carry out comprising the steps: during underground water pollution assessment
S1 model is planned, determines modelling purposes, simulated target and initially models spatial and temporal scales, and according to existing information, commenting
Estimate the reliability of model；
S2 model is generally changed, conceputal modeling, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, to ground water regime
Geology, the hydrology, hydrogeologic condition carry out generality description, including hydrogeology framework and subsoil water physical process；
S3 model construction, in the model construction stage, modeler makes mathematically to quantify conceptual model, and uses computer
Groundwater model set up by software, selects appropriate modeling software platform, determines model district and discrete way, the setting of boundary condition
And model parameter assignment；
S4 model calibration and sensitivity analysis, after model calibration is model construction, adjusts model parameter, make model prediction
The process that result is coincide with observation data；Sensitivity analysis is carried out, with the reliability of model during detection calibration after model calibration；
S5 solute transfer is simulated, and for the project of underground water pollution assessment to be carried out, needs to increase solute transport model
Building and analyze, solute transport model describes and is dissolved in underground water pollutant (including contaminant ion, metal and Organic substance)
Kinestate；
S6 model prediction and uncertainty analysis, by revising stress or the boundary condition of calibrating patterns, modeler energy
Enough board designs or the imaginary disturbance impact on ground water regime, by uncertainty analysis testing model forecasting reliability；
S7 simulation result analysis and displaying, by using model that project is predicted assessment, reasonably simulated knot
Really, select the model display software being suitable for, show predicting the outcome of project；
S8 completes model audit table, according to the help of specialist system on line, completes model audit table.
Further, in model planning step, determine that described simulated target includes but not limited to portray ground water regime
Ground water regime response under flow field, quantization stress effect, prediction pollutant Transport And Transformation process in water-bearing layer
When determining described initial modeling spatial and temporal scales, space scale reference target ground water regime and the scope of stress,
Potential receptor or the position of sensitive target；The persistent period of time scale Reference Stress, the response time of ground water regime.
During the reliability of assessment models, related personnel discusses and according to data volume, calibration steps, model prediction scene and should
External force and the consistency information of calibration process, reach an agreement with regard to simulated target reliability, in work subsequently, with reference to mould
The target reliability degree of type is carried out the work.
Further, described model is generally changed in step, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, to hydrogeology
Unit is generally changed, and the scope of hydrogeology framework should contain the process of leading study area subsoil water behavior, and system as far as possible
In main stress and the region by these stress influences, described hydrogeology framework at least include hydrogeology body structure and
Attribute, boundary condition and stress:
Hydrogeology body structure i.e. describes the Concentration of the material with similar hydraulic property, for generally changing water
The data of literary composition structure of geological body include geologic report and map, probing and state properties, elevation information etc..At numerical model
In, the layering of hydrogeology body determines the division of model layer position；Hydrogeology body attribute include infiltration coefficient, specific yield,
Storativity and the relevant parameter of solute transfer；Generalization on border includes subsoil water is passed in and out the region of system, the sky on border
Between be distributed, the process that occurs on border and the Time Change of these processes；Stress includes nature stress and artificial stress.
Further, when described model construction, select finite difference or finite element model for solving groundwater flow and molten
Matter migration equation builds numerical model, and model district scope includes at least study area, and extends out to reduce Artificial Boundaries to model knot
The impact of fruit, can estimate to extend out scope by analytical model if desired；The discrete way of model is according to model district size, simulation mesh
Mark, simulated target reliability, the hydrogeology heterogeneity of body, boundary condition and data determine；When setting up groundwater model, need
Head or hydraulic gradient information at boundary solve subsurface flow equation, need to determine model district when model starts to simulate
Hydraulic Head Distribution, i.e. initial head.
Further, the head of different inspection wells in described model calibration process at least needs model district, by testing
To water-bearing layer hydrology geological property, geophysical exploration result, pump-out and irrigation volume, precipitation infiltration recharge and evapotranspire, river
Road flow and subsoil water/surface water solute concentration, these information are directly used in model calibration, or are the span of model parameter
Reference is provided.
Further, for the project of underground water pollution assessment to be carried out, need to walk at model calibration and sensitivity analysis
Increasing structure and the analytical procedure of solute transport model after rapid, solute transport model describes and is dissolved in the motion of material in subsoil water
State；The general chemical industry of simulating of solute transport model is made to include identifying the process of solute transfer in study area that controls, and determines that solute is dense
The boundary condition of degree and solute source are converged, and collect solute transfer procedure parameter and solute concentration data.
Further, carrying out model prediction and uncertainty analysis when, according to simulated target and ground water regime
Feature-set forecast model simulation period and time step；The hydrologic(al) budget situation predicted by inspection model, hydraulic Head Distribution and
Flow location form is to reduce the risk that model is made mistakes.Model calibration can only reduce part large scale parameter or parameter combination uncertain
Property, it is impossible to reduce the uncertainty of model simplification, and the uncertainty of little scale parameter.Therefore, the grinding of model uncertainty
Study carefully and cannot replace with model calibration.
Further, by using model that project is predicted assessment, obtain rational analog result, fill in model and examine
Meter table, and use suitable software to show analog result.
Further, under described line, specialist system is, the ground that relevant groundwater environment assessment experts is filled in based on consigner
Lower water model audit table, it is provided that first trial is advised；Consigner carries out model report the same period and writes work, and after having reported, expert goes out
Tool review suggestion, the modification and perfection of guidance model report.
The invention also discloses a kind of assistance and carry out the system of underground water pollution assessment, including specialist system self-service on line and
Expert evaluation system under line, on its center line, self-service specialist system includes:
Model planning module, is used for determining modelling purposes, simulated target and initially modeling spatial and temporal scales, and according to having believed
Breath, the reliability of assessment models；
Module generally changed by model, for conceputal modeling, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, to subsoil water
The geology of system, the hydrology, the generality of hydrogeologic condition describe, including hydrogeology framework and subsoil water physical process；
Model construction module, in the model construction stage, modeler makes mathematically to quantify conceptual model, and uses
Computer software sets up groundwater model, selects appropriate modeling software platform, determines model district and discrete way, boundary condition
Setting and model parameter assignment；
Model calibration and sensitivity analysis module, after model calibration is model construction, adjusts model parameter, make model pre-
Survey the process that result is coincide with observation data；Sensitivity analysis is carried out, with model reliable during detection calibration after model calibration
Property；
Solute transfer analog module, for the project of underground water pollution assessment to be carried out, needs to increase solute transport model
Structure and analysis, solute transport model describes and is dissolved in underground water pollutant and (includes contaminant ion, metal and organic
Thing) kinestate；
Model prediction and uncertainty analysis module, by revising stress or the boundary condition of calibrating patterns, modeler
Can board design or the imaginary disturbance impact on ground water regime, by uncertainty analysis testing model predict reliable
Property；
Simulation result analysis and display module, by using model that project is predicted assessment, reasonably simulated
As a result, select the model display software being suitable for, show predicting the outcome of project；
Model audit table generation module, according to the help of specialist system on line, completes model audit table.
The flowsheet simulation that underground water pollution is assessed by the present invention is can be with the self-service specialist system realized on line, and must line
The expert evaluation system of lower realization.On line in specialist system, underground water pollution evaluation work is torn open according to time and logical order
It is divided into 8 big classes, 35 subclasses and up to a hundred segmentation tasks.For each segmentation task, specialist system each provides sample and answers
Case and explaining in detail.Consigner's technology represents after accepting unified training, independently can carry out ground utilizing on line on the basis of resource
Lower water pollutes entry evaluation.Entry evaluation will produce the full and accurate technical documentation of piece of content (model audit table), becomes assessment report
The blank accused.On this basis, subsoil water assessment experts carries out project communication, to subsoil water under representing online with consigner's technology
Numerical model carries out cross-examination and perfect, modifies assessment report first draft and processes.At the end of evaluation work, complete simultaneously
Capacity building and results transferring to consigner.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of specialist system on line；
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of specialist system under line.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and referring to the drawings the invention will be further described.
Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
A kind of assistance carries out the method for underground water pollution assessment:
The flowsheet simulation that underground water pollution is assessed by the present invention is can be with the self-service specialist system realized on line, and must line
The expert evaluation system of lower realization.Consigner utilizes on the line that the entrusted provides expert under self-service specialist system and line to assess system
Uniting to pollute water and be estimated, on line, underground water pollution evaluation work is torn open by specialist system according to time and logical order
Point, it is split as 8 big classes, 35 subclassification and up to a hundred segmentation tasks, for each segmentation task, on line, expert evaluation system divides
You can well imagine for sample answer and explain in detail, consigner's technology represents after accepting unified training, can the most self-service specialist system money
Underground water pollution entry evaluation is independently carried out, the technical documentation (mould that entry evaluation is full and accurate by producing piece of content on the basis of source
Type audit table), become the blank of assessment report, on this basis, under line, expert evaluation system and consigner's technology represent online
Under carry out project communication based on technology files, groundwater numerical simulation is carried out cross-examination and perfect, assessment report first draft is carried out
Amendment and processing, when evaluation work result, complete capacity building and the results transferring of consigner simultaneously.
On line in the present invention, specialist system is consigner based on the model audit form received, and supports system on line
Under help, independently carry out model development, and fill in model audit table the same period.On line, specialist system will be entrusted in following aspect specification
The modeling process of side.On line, self-service specialist system assists to carry out comprising the steps: during underground water pollution assessment
S1 model is planned, determines modelling purposes, simulated target and initially models spatial and temporal scales, and according to existing information, commenting
Estimate the reliability of model；
One groundwater model can not answer all problem of groundwater.Model for survey region ground water field can not
For predicting the impact of place yardstick pumped well.Specify modelling purposes and contribute to follow-up collection of data, modelling, model foundation
With carrying out of model calibration work.
Simulated target determines the intension of modeling work, provides for follow-up modeling work and instructs, and provides for model evaluation
Judgment criteria.Typical simulated target includes: portray ground water regime flow field, quantifies ground water regime response under stress effect,
Prediction pollutant Transport And Transformation process in water-bearing layer etc..
Should determine according to modelling purposes, simulated target in the model planning stage and initially model spatial and temporal scales.Space scale should
Reference target ground water regime and the scope of stress, potential receptor or the position of sensitive target；Time scale answers Reference Stress
Persistent period, the response time of ground water regime.
The reliability of groundwater model is reflected as the credibility of analog result, and in the model planning stage, related personnel should
Discuss and according to information such as data volume, calibration steps, model prediction scene and the concordance answering external force and calibration process, with regard to model
Target reliability degree is reached an agreement.In work subsequently, particularly in model audit process, the target answering reference model can
Carry out the work by degree.
Expected results:
Specify project objective and simulated target；
Select the groundwater model of optimum described project and simulated target；
Object module is the most reliable；
Specify limitation and the exclusiveness of model.
S2 model is generally changed, conceputal modeling, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, to ground water regime
Geology, the hydrology, the generality of hydrogeologic condition describe, and reflect modeler to main hydrogeological process and stress in system
The understanding of impact.Conceptual model includes hydrogeology framework and subsoil water physical process.Setting up appropriate conceptual model is underground
Water model realizes the essential condition of simulated target.
The foundation of conceptual model based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, and should improve concept by data check
The reliability of model.Generally change the stage at model, by analyzing, search the contact between data, contribute to confirming in conceptual model
Contact between different objects.
The scope of hydrogeology framework should contain 1 as far as possible) process of leading study area subsoil water behavior, and 2) in system
Main stress and the region by these stress influences.Hydrogeology framework should include herein below: the structure of hydrogeology body
With attribute, boundary condition and stress.Generalization hydrogeology body structure i.e. describe the material with similar hydraulic property level and
Vertical distribution.The data that can be used for generally changing hydrogeology body structure include geologic report and map, probing and state properties, elevation
Information etc..In numerical model, the layering of hydrogeology body determines the division of model layer position.
Based on to the understanding of groundwater flow process in system, the border that should establish conceptual model generally changed by model.Border
Generalization should include the process occurred on subsoil water the turnover region of system, the spatial distribution on border, border and these processes
Time Change.
The attribute of hydrogeology body includes the relevant parameter of infiltration coefficient, specific yield, storativity and solute transfer.This
A little attributes determine the migration process of the wherein flowing of subsoil water, storage and solute.Owing to these attributes can not be recorded
Region-wide distribution, so generally need to change these property distribution.
Stress includes nature stress (such as evapotranspiring and precipitation recharges) and artificial stress (such as pumped well).Take an examination during generalization stress
Consider the time-varying process of stress, the flow of stress and solute load, the space distribution situation etc. of stress.
When generalization physical process, real process should be elaborated.
Expected results:
Complete the review of literature including investigating before；
Collect and analytically descend water stress, water level, water flow data；
Specify the uncertainty of measuring error and data；
Accurately illustrate aquifer System:
The hydrology, stratum and water-bearing layer type；
Scope, border and internal feature；
Water-bearing layer geometric attribute；
Diving is mutual with artesian water；
It is expressly recited conceptual model；
Confirm that conceptual model and simulated target, object module reliability are consistent.
S3 model construction, in the model construction stage, modeler makes mathematically to quantify conceptual model, and uses computer
Groundwater model set up by software, and its focus is to select appropriate modeling software platform, determines model district and discrete way, limit
The setting of boundary's condition and model parameter assignment；Model construction mode directly influences model calibration and subsequent prediction process.If building
Can not correctly reflect the key component of conceptual model during mould, then the credibility of model result will be affected.
The conventional mathematical method solving groundwater flow and solute transfer equation has two kinds: finite difference calculus and finite element
Method.Both main difference is that the method in discrete model district is different.Based on different mathematical methods, Vehicles Collected from Market have a lot
Subsoil water graphic user interface, these graphical interfaces are basic simlarity in basic function and software kit, but is respectively arranged with again feature.Build
Mould software is typically based on simulated target and Software functional requirements selects.
Model district scope should comprise study area, and suitably extends out the impact reducing Artificial Boundaries to model result, necessary
Time can by analytical model estimate extend out scope.The discrete solution of model should be according to model district size, simulated target, simulated target
Reliability, the hydrogeology heterogeneity of body, boundary condition and data determine.Model facetization the thinnest, PROJECT TIME and funds need
Asking the biggest, the requirement to computing power is the highest simultaneously.For transient flow models, also need according to stress, head and
The speed of solute concentration change and model output it needs to be determined that the time step of unsteady fluid flow.
Groundwater model needs head or hydraulic gradient information at boundary to solve subsurface flow equation, needs at model
The hydraulic Head Distribution in model district, i.e. initial head is determined when starting to simulate.Mathematically, boundary condition can be divided three classes:
Determine head boundary condition, constant flow boundary condition and mixed boundary condition.When setting up numerical model, same physical boundary is past
Toward being represented by different mathematical methods, optimal representation need to be selected according to simulation purpose and data.
Initial head is model hydraulic Head Distribution in model district when starting to simulate.For stationary flow is simulated, initial head is not
Affect final result, but affect model rate of convergence.For unsteady fluid flow is simulated, the analog result of model will be affected, non-
In stable model, change of water level is STRESS VARIATION and the model initial head coefficient result of deviation.Therefore, unsteady fluid flow mould
The initial head intended should be consistent with boundary condition, model parameter and observed result.
Expected results:
Select appropriate mathematical method and software；
Rational model district scope, spatial spreading and time discrete are set；
Rational boundary condition, initial head and characteristic parameter are set；
Obtain rational model value solution.
S4 model calibration and sensitivity analysis, after model calibration is model construction, adjusts model parameter, make model prediction
The process that result is coincide with observation data.By model calibration, modeler it will be seen that modeling is predicted energy by model parameter
The impact of power.In general, after model calibration, carry out sensitivity analysis, with the reliability of model during detection calibration；
Model calibration needs to reflect the observation data of ground water regime behavior, as inspection wells different in model district head,
Water-bearing layer hydrology geological property, geophysical exploration result, pump-out and irrigation volume, the precipitation infiltration recharge obtained by test
With evapotranspire, the discharge of river and subsoil water/surface water solute concentration etc..Some data is used directly for model calibration, some
It can be then the span offer reference of model parameter.
In some cases, the behavior of ground water regime is only affected by partial routine.Can only be determined this by model calibration
The ratio of a little process correspondence parameters rather than single parameter value.Now, the combination that there is multiple parameter makes the good matching of model
Observed result.To this end, ground water regime observation data when by all process influences need to be increased, estimate all parameter values.
The statistical value of analog calibration, such as RMS etc., is commonly used to the quality of Simulation result.But should excessively not emphasize these
The importance of statistical value, and should from the reliability of many aspects evaluation model, as the convergence situation of model, hydrologic(al) budget situation and
The degree of agreement of conceptual model, analog result and the error size of observation data and distribution etc..
Expected results:
Suitably observation data are selected to be used for calibrating；
Select optimal calibration steps；
The sensitivity to parameter of correct evaluation model key output；
Accurately report calibration result, use multiple method to draw calibration result figure to show the reliability of result；
It is calibrated reasonably well parameter, the water yield in believable hydrologic(al) budget and flow；
Evaluation model the most accurately is obtained by checking.
S5 solute transfer is simulated, and for the project of underground water pollution assessment to be carried out, needs to increase solute transport model
Building and analyze, solute transport model describes and is dissolved in underground water pollutant (including contaminant ion, metal and Organic substance)
Kinestate；
Solute migration process in subsoil water is affected by series of physical and hydrogeochemical process.Wherein, thing
Reason process includes convection current, diffusion and disperse, hydrogeochemical process include adsorption/desorption, dissolve, degraded etc., in some instances it may even be possible to
Relate to the conversion between the liquid of solute and non-liquid.The general chemical industry of solute transfer simulation is made to identify solute in control study area
The process of migration, determines that the boundary condition of solute concentration and solute source are converged, and collects solute transfer procedure parameter and solute concentration
Data.Because solute transport model will inevitably omit some significant process (such as some chemical reaction), so model is general
Change and also should describe these processes simplified in numerical model.
The method of value solving of solute transfer equation (ADE) can be generally divided into three classes: Euler method, Lagrangian method and mixed
Legal Eulerian-Lagrangian approach.Due to the mathematical property of ADE, all there is certain defect in these three numerical method, may bring
Numerical dispersion, artificial vibration and the problem of numerical stability.Answer this, whether the error that need to go through numerical method causes not conforming to
The solute transfer analog result of reason.
The stress and strain model of solute transfer simulation should portray main solute fortune in the case of considering computing capability as far as possible
Move past journey.The plane refinement of model meshes unit and vertical subdivision should be enough to portray contaminant density field.In addition, numerical solution
The degree of grid subdivision is also claimed by method.
Solute transport model generally uses pollutant levels and derivative observation data, as polluted smoke plume mass, penetrating song
Lines etc., as calibration target.Due to data deficiencies, solute transport model tends not to or can not fully calibrate.Now, need to pass through
Uncertainty analysis is to assess the impact on predicting the outcome of the solute transport model parameter.
Expected results:
Collect and analyze the data about solute Distribution, source and migration process；
Portray appropriate model area scope, use believable solute concentration border；
Select appropriate software and numerical method；
Rational grid and accuracy Design are set；
Determine suitable solver and parameter；
The importance associated of assessment convection current, disperse and diffusion；
Consider variable density situation；
Obtain the solute concentration change that the most initial solute concentration, analysis solute boundary condition and stress are interim.
S6 model prediction and uncertainty analysis, by revising stress or the boundary condition of calibrating patterns, modeler energy
Enough board designs or the imaginary disturbance impact on ground water regime, because forecast model cannot use observation, data carry out school
Standard, thus modeling it is crucial that accurately portraying following ground water regime stress and boundary condition.The reliability of model prediction
Checked by uncertainty analysis；
Period and time step should be simulated according to the feature-set forecast model of simulated target and ground water regime.Prediction is long
During ground water regime response under stress that the phase is stable or boundary condition, it was predicted that model can be steady flow model.If model
The simulation construction project impact on water resource, then need transient flow models simulation to set up simulation project construction and the ground of runtime
Lower hydrodynamic(al) state.If ground water regime dynamically can affect groundwater level, such as tide, seasonal supply etc., then unsteady fluid flow
The time step of model should be consistent with the fluctuation of groundwater level.
Owing to forecast model cannot be calibrated, hydrologic(al) budget situation, hydraulic Head Distribution and the flow field shape should predicted by inspection model
State is to reduce the risk that model is made mistakes.In the case of conditions permit, mould can be confirmed by comparing numerical solution and analytic solutions
Intend result the most reasonable.
Mistake when generally changing of the uncertainty of model comes from modeling or calibration uses error of observation data and model and letter
Change processes.Model calibration can only reduce part large scale parameter or the uncertainty of parameter combination, it is impossible to reduces model simplification
Uncertainty, and the uncertainty of little scale parameter.Therefore, the research of model uncertainty cannot replace with model calibration.
Expected results:
It is met the forecast model of simulated target；
Obtain the mass balance component of believable prediction；
Assume the suitable climatic stress phase；
The clear and definite replacement scheme whether using particles track to simulate as solute transfer；
Prediction scene can be defined according to simulated target and confidence level；
The model of Select Error variance minimum is predicted；
Specify the qualitative of uncertainty in traffic and amount of content；
Specify probabilistic source.
S7 simulation result analysis and displaying, by using model that project is predicted assessment, reasonably simulated knot
Really, select the model display software being suitable for, show predicting the outcome of project；
Expected results:
Obtain suitable model display software；
Simple and clear displaying model simulation results.
S8 completes model audit table, according to the help of specialist system on line, completes model audit table, model audit memorial to the emperor joint
Arrange as follows:
Model is planned
Modelling purposes
Simulated target
The spatial and temporal scales of simulation
Collection of data
Pattern of water flow is generally changed
Model area
Hydrogeologic structure is generally changed
The supply of subsoil water, runoff and Escape condition
Mining of groundwater utilizes
The behavioral characteristics of subsoil water
Model boundary condition and generally change foundation
Hydrogeological test data (water flow simulation) collects
Pattern of water flow builds
The mathematical expression of subsurface flow conceptual model
Modeling interface software selects
Model establishment step
Pattern of water flow characteristic parameter is arranged
Pattern of water flow is calibrated
Calibration target
Calibration steps
Calibration result is evaluated
The final value of parameter
Solute transport model is generally changed
Polluter identification
Flyway identification
Contaminant transportation conversion process
Transport model characteristic parameter data collects
Receptor assay
Prediction sight is generally changed
Solute transport model builds
The mathematical expression of solute transfer conceptual model
Structure based on pattern of water flow is changed
Transport model characteristic parameter is arranged
Source item is arranged
The solute transfer simulation phase delimited
Model prediction
Interpretation of result and displaying
Model sensitivity analysis
Sensitivity factor selects
Variation coefficient sets
Interpretation of result and displaying
Uncertainty analysis
Under the line of the present invention, specialist system is the subsoil water mould that relevant groundwater environment assessment experts is filled in based on consigner
Type audit table, it is provided that first trial is advised；Consigner carries out model report the same period and writes work, and after having reported, expert provides review
Suggestion, the modification and perfection of guidance model report.
Carrying out audit table in the first instance, the groundwater environment assessment experts with many years of experience will be for audit table and mould
Type file carries out deep assessment, if desired for requiring that consigner supplements raw data.
Under line, specialist system will propose amendment and suggestion according to model report.Model report be evaluate modeling work quality and
The basis of model quality.It is the set of groundwater simulation achievement, should describe the achievement of work of each stage in detail, and provide
Data used, gained information and model, to guarantee that analog result can be reappeared in research in the future.
Groundwater model report should include such as lower part:
Summary
Simulated target
Hydrogeologic condition is generally changed
Simulation softward and model construction
Model calibration and sensitivity analysis
Model prediction
Uncertainty analysis
Model limitation
Conclusion and suggestion
List of references
Model report further relates to that model obtains achievement and achieves.Achieving based on these, other workers can be with playback model
Analog result, assessment models quality, and provide help for research in the future.Model achieves the data, soft that should include that modeling uses
Part and version thereof and model itself.Compatibility due to business software, it is proposed that use standardized data form preservation model.
Expected results:
The project objective that is expressly recited, simulated target；
Build model report structure clearly；
The report map form of high-quality；
Model concept model accurately；
The unknown distribution of model parameters that fairly sets out, stress data；
Report model calibration, hydrologic(al) budget, mass balance and uncertainty；
It is met the analog result of project objective and perfect assessment report.
The invention discloses a kind of assistance and carry out the system of underground water pollution assessment, including specialist system self-service on line and line
Lower expert evaluation system, on its center line, self-service specialist system includes:
Model planning module, is used for determining modelling purposes, simulated target and initially modeling spatial and temporal scales, and according to having believed
Breath, the reliability of assessment models；
Module generally changed by model, for conceputal modeling, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, to subsoil water
The geology of system, the hydrology, the generality of hydrogeologic condition describe, including hydrogeology framework and subsoil water physical process；
Model construction module, in the model construction stage, modeler makes mathematically to quantify conceptual model, and uses
Computer software sets up groundwater model, selects appropriate modeling software platform, determines model district and discrete way, boundary condition
Setting and model parameter assignment；
Model calibration and sensitivity analysis module, after model calibration is model construction, adjusts model parameter, make model pre-
Survey the process that result is coincide with observation data；Sensitivity analysis is carried out, with model reliable during detection calibration after model calibration
Property；
Solute transfer analog module, for the project of underground water pollution assessment to be carried out, needs to increase solute transport model
Structure and analysis, solute transport model describes and is dissolved in underground water pollutant and (includes contaminant ion, metal and organic
Thing) kinestate；
Model prediction and uncertainty analysis module, by revising stress or the boundary condition of calibrating patterns, modeler
Can board design or the imaginary disturbance impact on ground water regime, by uncertainty analysis testing model predict reliable
Property；
Simulation result analysis and display module, by using model that project is predicted assessment, reasonably simulated
As a result, select the model display software being suitable for, show predicting the outcome of project；
Model audit table generation module, according to the help of specialist system on line, completes model audit table.
The present invention makes the fuzzyyest underground water pollution evaluation work procedure, sharpening, modularity, changes consigner
With the present situation of consignee's Asymmetry information etc., improve evaluation work quality.After the self-service generation assessment report of specialist system on line,
Consigner can be sufficiently introduced into the market competition based on this bid of giving out a contract for a project open to evaluation part under line, change current trade monopoly
Present situation, and set up underground water pollution evaluation capacity Construction Mechanism for consigner.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit；Although it should be pointed out that, with reference to above-mentioned respectively
The present invention has been described in detail by embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, its still can to above-mentioned respectively
Technical scheme described in embodiment is modified, or the most some or all of technical characteristic is carried out equivalent；And this
A little amendments and replacement, do not make the essence of corresponding technical scheme depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. the method that an assistance carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that:
Consigner utilizes on the line that the entrusted provides expert evaluation system under self-service specialist system and line to enter underground water pollution
Row assessment, on line, underground water pollution evaluation work is split by specialist system according to time and logical order, is split as segmentation
Task, for each segmentation task, on line, expert evaluation system provides sample answer respectively and explains in detail, consigner's technology generation
After table accepts unified training, independently carry out underground water pollution entry evaluation on the basis of the most self-service specialist system resource, just
The technical documentation that step assessment is full and accurate by producing piece of content, becomes the blank of assessment report, on this basis, expert's assessment under line
System and consigner's technology represent online under carry out project communication based on technology files, groundwater numerical simulation is carried out cross-examination and
Perfect, assessment report first draft is modified and processes, when evaluation work result, complete simultaneously consigner capacity building and
Results transferring.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 1 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that on described line
Assist during self-service specialist system to carry out comprising the steps: during underground water pollution assessment
S1 model is planned, determines modelling purposes, simulated target and initially models spatial and temporal scales, and according to existing information, assesses mould
The reliability of type；
S2 model is generally changed, conceputal modeling, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, to the geology of ground water regime,
The hydrology, hydrogeologic condition carry out generality description, including hydrogeology framework and subsoil water physical process；
S3 model construction, in the model construction stage, modeler makes mathematically to quantify conceptual model, and uses computer software
Set up groundwater model, select appropriate modeling software platform, determine model district and discrete way, the setting of boundary condition and mould
Shape parameter assignment；
S4 model calibration and sensitivity analysis, after model calibration is model construction, adjusts model parameter, make model prediction result
The process coincideing with observation data；Sensitivity analysis is carried out, with the reliability of model during detection calibration after model calibration；
S5 solute transfer is simulated, and for the project of underground water pollution assessment to be carried out, increases the structure of solute transport model and divides
Analysis, solute transport model describes the kinestate being dissolved in underground water pollutant；
S6 model prediction and uncertainty analysis, by revising stress or the boundary condition of calibrating patterns, modeler can mould
Propose meter or the imaginary disturbance impact on ground water regime, by uncertainty analysis testing model forecasting reliability；
S7 simulation result analysis and displaying, by using model that project is predicted assessment, obtain rational analog result, choosing
Select applicable model display software, show predicting the outcome of project；
S8 completes model audit table, according to the help of specialist system on line, completes model audit table.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 2 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that:
In described model planning step, determine that simulated target includes but not limited to portray ground water regime flow field, quantify to answer masterpiece
By the response of lower ground water regime, prediction pollutant Transport And Transformation process in water-bearing layer；
When determining described initial modeling spatial and temporal scales, space scale reference target ground water regime and the scope of stress, potential
Receptor or the position of sensitive target；The persistent period of time scale Reference Stress, the response time of ground water regime.
During the reliability of assessment models, related personnel discusses and according to data volume, calibration steps, model prediction scene and answer external force
With the consistency information of calibration process, simulated target reliability is reached an agreement, in work subsequently, reference model
Target reliability degree is carried out the work.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 2 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that described model
In generalization step, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, geohydrologic unit is generally changed, hydrogeology framework
Scope contain the process of leading study area subsoil water behavior, and stress main in system and the district by these stress influences
Territory, wherein hydrogeology framework at least includes the hydrogeology structure of body and attribute, boundary condition and stress:
Hydrogeology body structure i.e. describes the Concentration of the material with similar hydraulic property, for generalization hydrology ground
The data of plastid structure include geologic report and map, probing and state properties, elevation information etc..In numerical model, water
The layering of literary composition geologic body determines the division of model layer position；The attribute of hydrogeology body includes infiltration coefficient, specific yield, releases water system
Number and the relevant parameter of solute transfer；Generalization on border include to subsoil water turnover the region of system, the spatial distribution on border,
The process occurred on border and the Time Change of these processes；Stress includes nature stress and artificial stress.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 2 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that at described mould
When type builds, finite difference or finite element model for solving groundwater flow and solute transfer equation is selected to build numerical model；Model
District's scope includes at least study area, and extends out the impact reducing Artificial Boundaries to model result, if desired can be by resolving mould
Type is estimated to extend out scope；The discrete way of model is according to model district size, simulated target, simulated target reliability, hydrogeology
The heterogeneity of body, boundary condition and data determine；When setting up groundwater model, head or hydraulic gradient at boundary is needed to believe
Breath solves subsurface flow equation, needs to determine the hydraulic Head Distribution in model district, i.e. initial head when model starts to simulate.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 2 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that described model
Calibration process at least need the head of different inspection wells in model district, the water-bearing layer hydrology geological property obtained by test,
Ball physical prospecting result, pump-out and irrigation volume, precipitation infiltration recharge and evapotranspire, the discharge of river and subsoil water/surface water solute
Concentration, these information are directly used in model calibration, or the span for model parameter provides reference.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 2 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that for enter
The project of row underground water pollution assessment, needs to increase the structure of solute transport model after model calibration and sensitivity analysis step
And analytical procedure, solute transport model describes and is dissolved in the kinestate of material in subsoil water；The simulation of solute transport model is general
Chemical industry is made to include identifying the process of solute transfer in study area that controls, and determines that the boundary condition of solute concentration and solute source are converged, and
Collect solute transfer procedure parameter and solute concentration data.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 2 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that carrying out mould
The when of type prediction and uncertainty analysis, simulate the period according to the feature-set forecast model of simulated target and ground water regime
And time step；The wind that hydrologic(al) budget situation, hydraulic Head Distribution and the flow location form predicted by inspection model is made mistakes with minimizing model
Danger.
The method that a kind of assistance the most according to claim 1 carries out underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that under described line
Specialist system is the groundwater model audit table that relevant groundwater environment assessment experts is filled in based on consigner, it is provided that first trial is built
View；Consigner carries out model report the same period and writes work, and after having reported, expert provides review suggestion, guidance model report
Modification and perfection.
10. an assistance carries out the system of underground water pollution assessment, it is characterised in that include on line under self-service specialist system and line
Expert evaluation system, on its center line, self-service specialist system includes:
Model planning module, is used for determining modelling purposes, simulated target and initially modeling spatial and temporal scales, and according to existing information,
The reliability of assessment models；
Module generally changed by model, for conceputal modeling, based on existing observation, measurement and interpretation result, to ground water regime
Geology, the hydrology, the generality of hydrogeologic condition describes, including hydrogeology framework and subsoil water physical process；
Model construction module, in the model construction stage, modeler makes mathematically to quantify conceptual model, and uses calculating
Groundwater model set up by machine software, selects appropriate modeling software platform, determines model district and discrete way, setting of boundary condition
Determine and model parameter assignment；
Model calibration and sensitivity analysis module, after model calibration is model construction, adjusts model parameter, make model prediction tie
The process that fruit coincide with observation data；Sensitivity analysis is carried out, with the reliability of model during detection calibration after model calibration；
Solute transfer analog module, for the project of underground water pollution assessment to be carried out, needs to increase the structure of solute transport model
Building and analyze, solute transport model describes the kinestate being dissolved in underground water pollutant；
Model prediction and uncertainty analysis module, by revising stress or the boundary condition of calibrating patterns, modeler can
Board design or the imaginary disturbance impact on ground water regime, by uncertainty analysis testing model forecasting reliability；
Simulation result analysis and display module, by using model that project is predicted assessment, obtain rational analog result,
Select the model display software being suitable for, show predicting the outcome of project；
Model audit table generation module, according to the help of specialist system on line, completes model audit table.
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| CN107463614A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-12-12 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Eco-hydrological Model structure and parameter simulation method based on modeling framework |
| CN107761693A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-06 | 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of underground water pollution migrates appraisal procedure |
| CN108733888A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-11-02 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of undercurrent exchange influence factor Sensitivity Analysis based on orthogonal experiment |
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| CN107463614A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-12-12 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Eco-hydrological Model structure and parameter simulation method based on modeling framework |
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| CN108733888A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-11-02 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of undercurrent exchange influence factor Sensitivity Analysis based on orthogonal experiment |
| CN110929377A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-03-27 | 西安理工大学 | Morris method based beach hydrothermal migration influence sensitivity analysis method |
| CN110929377B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-03-23 | 西安理工大学 | Morris method based beach hydrothermal migration influence sensitivity analysis method |
| CN112557612A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-26 | 中南大学 | Method for analyzing heavy metal pollution source and pollution boundary of underground water in metal mining area by using water system sediments |
| CN112557612B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-06-03 | 中南大学 | Method for analyzing heavy metal pollution source and pollution boundary of underground water in metal mining area by using water system sediments |
| CN113516347A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-10-19 | 江苏省地质调查研究院 | Groundwater quality assessment method based on geophysical and hydrological data fusion |
| CN113516347B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-01-14 | 江苏省地质调查研究院 | Groundwater quality assessment method based on geophysical and hydrological data fusion |
| CN113588875A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-02 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Experimental device for verifying accuracy of exposure evaluation of PRAESS model on carpropamid |
| CN113588875B (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-03-14 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Experimental device for verifying accuracy of exposure evaluation of PRAESS model on carpropamid |
| CN114169794A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-11 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心 | Method and device for evaluating contamination possibility, computer device and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20161207 |