CN106199714B - The method and apparatus that the equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates - Google Patents
The method and apparatus that the equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to seismic data analysis field, and in particular to the method and apparatus that the equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates.The present invention assesses the quality of geological data by the acquisition equivalent dominant frequency directly related with seismic wavelet time span and based on the equivalent dominant frequency, can obtain reliable, deterministic assessment result.The advantageous effects of the present invention are fully proved by theoretical model and actual seismic data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic data analysis field, the method that is calculated more particularly, to the equivalent dominant frequency of geological data and
The device that the equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates.
Background technology
Artificial earthquake method is one of major technique of oil and gas exploration.Artificial earthquake method oil and gas exploration data
(hereinafter referred to as：Geological data) geological information of substantial amounts of underground petroleum natural gas pool is contained, its quality height, directly affect
The success rate of oil-gas exploration.Information content that geological data includes is how many and its authenticity, is weigh geological data quality objective
Standard.The noise of geological data compares so as to see who is superior, the height of the order of accuarcy of stratigraphic structure form and longitudinal thickness resolution capability is
Weigh three main standards of geological data quality quality.
Longitudinal thickness resolution capability is commonly referred to as resolving power Tr (Resolution), and its inverse is referred to as resolution ratio Pa
(Resolving Power), it is consistent on two essence definitions.
With oil-gas field development enter middle and advanced stage, it is necessary to find oil ＆ gas pool size it is smaller, it is also more hidden, to earthquake number
According to resolution requirement with regard to more and more higher.Resolution ratio turns into the more and more important discrimination standard of geological data quality height.Such as
What calculates the resolution ratio of geological data, the result is that it is no true, the judgement of geological data quality will be directly affected.
Seismic wavelet is the baseband signal for forming geological data, and the resolution ratio of seismic wavelet just represents point of geological data
Resolution.
Seismic wavelet is a stabilization and has the signal of certain time delay (having regular hour length).Seismic wavelet
Length is bigger, adjacent earth formations reflection interfere will be more serious, obtained from geological data bed boundary reflectance factor and
The difficulty of formation thickness information is also bigger.Only adjacent reflection wavelet is kept completely separate, and will not just be interfered, has been only possible to
Accurately obtain bed boundary reflectance factor and formation thickness information entirely.So strict resolution ratio must with seismic wavelet when
Between continuity degree define.
Fig. 1 (a) is the reflectance factor of one thin Sandbody Reservoirs geological model and corresponding amplitude spectrum；Fig. 1 (b) is using short
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum that wavelet (dominant frequency 35Hz) obtains；Fig. 1 (c) is to use long wavelet (dominant frequency
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum 35Hz) obtained, i.e. Fig. 1 (b) is identical with Fig. 1 (c) dominant frequency but wavelet ripple
It is long different.As shown in Fig. 1 (b), in short wavelet composite traces, because wavelet lengths are short enough, all sand body interfaces reflection
Ripple does not interfere, and the top of sand body, bottom reflection can clearly define, even reflection is very weak, " it is anti-that sand body 3 " pushes up interface
Penetrate also high-visible.As shown in Fig. 1 (c), in long wavelet composite traces, because wavelet lengths are oversize, " sand body 2 " and " sand body 3 "
Interface reflection wavelet interferes, and the top of sand body, the position of bottom reflection and polarity can not define.
Fig. 2 (a) is the reflectance factor of one thin Sandbody Reservoirs geological model and corresponding amplitude spectrum；Fig. 2 (b) is using short
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum that wavelet (dominant frequency 30Hz) obtains；Fig. 2 (c) is to use long wavelet (dominant frequency
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum 15Hz) obtained, i.e. Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) wavelet wavelength and dominant frequency are all
Differ, Fig. 2 (b) is short wavelet high primary frequency, and Fig. 2 (c) is the low dominant frequency of long wavelet.As shown in Fig. 2 (b), dominant frequency is high, length is short
In wavelet composite traces, because wavelet lengths are short enough, all sand body interface reflections can clear definition.As shown in Fig. 2 (c),
Dominant frequency is low, in the wavelet composite traces of length length, because wavelet lengths are oversize, can not judge that " place of sand body 2 " reflectance signature is son
The reaction of wave phase change, or the reaction of more than one above interface reflection superposition；Also can not judge " existing for the place of sand body 3 "
It is a reflecting interface or two reflecting interfaces.
Strictly by seismic wavelet length come to define seismic data resolution be most accurately to define method, but in reality
It is difficult to effectively be applied in oil-gas exploration.Because subsurface reflective boundary is extremely complex, plus the interference of various noises, whether
It still all can not accurately be tried to achieve in frequency domain, the length of geological data neutron deficiency in time-domain, also can not just use wavelet
Length carrys out the accurate resolution ratio for estimating geological data.Therefore, generally seldom earthquake number is defined using strict earthquake wavelet lengths
According to resolution ratio.
In the prior art, it is more to define method for conventional seismic data resolution.The result of calculation of these methods is incomplete
Unanimously, but difference and little.In actual production, most intuitively, the resolution ratio that uses of most convenient define method should have it is following two,
It is respectively provided with the characteristics of directly perceived, convenient use, becomes the method that people are most accustomed to and are commonly used.
First, the dominant frequency based on time-domain wave character defines method
Sine wave generally use wavelength, cycle and frequency describe its characteristic, but seismic wavelet is different from sine wave, does not have
Single constant wavelength, cycle and frequency.The definition mode of sine wave is just copied in oil-gas seismic exploration, using dominant wavelength (
Referred to as apparent wavelength), primary period (also referred to as apparent cycle) and basic frequency (being also referred to as video frequency) feature of seismic wavelet is described.One
As to define the time intervals of adjacent peaks in wavelet waveforms (or trough) be main cycle Tb, its inverse referred to as basic frequency fb=1/Tb。
If it is known that the speed v of seismic wave, obtaining dominant wavelength is
λb=vTb=v/fb, (1)
Dominant wavelength, primary period and basic frequency are actually the reflection of the radio-frequency component to be played a major role in seismic wavelet.
In actual production, people are accustomed to first trying to achieve the basic frequency of seismic wavelet (namely geological data), then calculate it
Primary period or dominant wavelength, estimate the resolving power of geological data.Resolving power is represented by thickness or time span.Typically recognize
For neighboring reflection wavelet time interval is more than or equal to half of primary period, is taken as what can be differentiated.Because geological data is remembered
What is recorded is the two-way travel time of reflection wavelet, so time sense is Tr：
Tr=(Tb/ 2)/2=Tb/ 4=1/ (4fb)。 (2)
2nd, the mean center frequency based on frequency domain spectrum signature defines method
Mean center frequency f is defined firstmThe frequency of 1/2 boundary of area is included by curve of amplitude spectrum.Set and shake
Width spectral curve amplitude spectrum is a (f), comprising area be A：
Wherein, fl、fhRespectively low, the higher cutoff frequency of amplitude spectrum.
Then mean center frequency fmTo meet the frequency of below equation：
As known to those skilled in the art, the integration upper and lower limit in formula (3) and (4) can be according to the reality of geological data
Border situation (such as the factor such as signal to noise ratio) is adjusted, and to reduce the interference of other factors, improves estimation precision.
It is identical that the mode of method calculating resolving power is defined with dominant frequency, can obtain fmCorresponding primary period TbWith time sense Tr。
Tb=1/fm, Tr=1/ (4fm)。 (5)
Mean center frequency defines method based on the amplitude of all radio-frequency components, is influenceed by single-frequency amplitude
It is small, it is a relatively robust computational methods.The calculating of this method is very easy to, and it defines the result of calculation of method very with dominant frequency
Close, use is also very convenient.
Fig. 3 (a) is the evaluation method schematic diagram of dominant frequency method, its primary period Tb=20ms, basic frequency fb=50Hz, time point
Distinguish power Tr=10ms；Fig. 3 (b) is the evaluation method schematic diagram of mean center frequency method, its mean center frequency fm=50Hz, it is main
Cycle Tb=20ms, time sense Tr=10ms.As illustrated, group wave-amplitude spectral curve is complete on mean center frequency
When symmetrical, the result of two methods is completely the same.
But further analysis it can be found that the shape of wavelet amplitude curve (such as：Wavelet effective frequency belt width) and wavelet
Time span is directly related, can accurately reflect the resolving power of wavelet；And dominant frequency and average centre frequency mainly reflect wavelet
The width degree of crest or trough, there is no direct relation with wavelet lengths, it is impossible to the resolving power of true reflection wavelet.Cause
This, in some cases, defines method using such as dominant frequency and average centre frequency defines the prior art of method to assess earthquake number
According to resolution ratio and unreliable.
Fig. 4 (a) is the waveform and its amplitude spectrum for the wavelet that dominant frequency is 50Hz；Fig. 4 (b) is identical with Fig. 4 (a) time spans
But dominant frequency is the waveform and its amplitude spectrum of 100Hz wavelet, dominant frequency is the amplitude spectrum of 100Hz wavelets equivalent to being 50Hz by dominant frequency
The amplitude spectrum translation 50Hz of wavelet, so two wavelets have identical curve of amplitude spectrum shape and effective frequency belt width, also just has
Identical time span.As known to those skilled in the art, time span is identical, then two proper point of wavelets
Distinguish that power just should identical.Regardless of whether defining method using dominant frequency or mean center frequency defines method, its two son being calculated
The resolving power of ripple but differs one times, very big error be present, it is impossible to reflects the truth of geological data, gives geological data quality
Assessment bring very big uncertainty.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome defect present in prior art, the present invention proposes the method for being capable of reliable assessment geological data,
The invention also provides corresponding device.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is proposed that the method that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method include：
To the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；The equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：Wherein,flFor amplitude spectrum a (f) low cut-off frequency, fhFor amplitude spectrum a (f) height
Cut-off frequency,fpFor crest frequency corresponding to amplitude spectrum a (f) maximum, fesIt is
According toThe equivalent initial frequency determined；Based on equivalent dominant frequency febMore high then quality is higher
Principle assesses the quality of geological data.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it is full symmetric or substantially right on mean center frequency in the amplitude spectrum a (f)
In the case of title, equivalent dominant frequency f can be determined by following formulaeb：Wherein, fvhIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) termination
Effective frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency.
According to another aspect of the present invention, equivalent dominant frequency f can be determined by following formulaeb：feb=fb-fes, wherein, fbIt is to shake
Width spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fesIt is basisThe equivalent initial frequency determined.
According to another aspect of the present invention, equivalent dominant frequency f can be determined by following formulaeb：feb=fb-fvl, wherein, fbIt is to shake
Width spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is proposed that the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device include：Shake
Width composes acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for based on the amplitude spectrum
A (f) determines the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic waveleteb：Wherein,flFor amplitude spectrum a
(f) low cut-off frequency, fhFor amplitude spectrum a (f) higher cutoff frequency,fpFor amplitude
Compose crest frequency corresponding to a (f) maximum, fesIt is basisThe equivalent starting frequency determined
Rate；Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses geological data
Quality.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it is full symmetric or substantially right on mean center frequency in the amplitude spectrum a (f)
In the case of title, equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit can determine equivalent dominant frequency f by following formulaeb：Wherein, fvhIt is
Amplitude spectrum a (f) termination effective frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency.
According to an aspect of the present invention, equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit can determine equivalent dominant frequency f by following formulaeb：feb=fb-
fes, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fesIt is basisThe equivalent starting determined
Frequency.
According to another aspect of the present invention, equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit can determine equivalent dominant frequency f by following formulaeb：feb=
fb-fvl, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency.
Each aspect of the present invention is by obtaining the equivalent dominant frequency directly related with seismic wavelet time span and based on such
Dominant frequency is imitated to assess the quality of geological data, reliable, deterministic assessment result can be obtained.Theoretical model and actual seismic
The Calculation results of data also indicate that equivalent dominant frequency is a parameter that can accurately reflect the true resolution ratio of geological data, complete
The resolution capability of geologic body under seismic data can be characterized entirely.Further, the calculating of equivalent dominant frequency and ease in use, straight
See, be a convenient and practical Quality Weighting parameter.
Brief description of the drawings
Exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is of the invention above-mentioned and its
Its purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein, in exemplary embodiment of the invention, identical reference number
Typically represent same parts.
Fig. 1 (a) shows the reflectance factor of one thin Sandbody Reservoirs geological model and corresponding amplitude spectrum；Fig. 1 (b) is shown
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum obtained using short wavelet (dominant frequency 35Hz)；Fig. 1 (c) is shown using length
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum that wavelet (dominant frequency 35Hz) obtains.
Fig. 2 (a) shows the reflectance factor of one thin Sandbody Reservoirs geological model and corresponding amplitude spectrum；Fig. 2 (b) is shown
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum obtained using short wavelet (dominant frequency 30Hz)；Fig. 2 (c) is shown using length
The artificial synthesized E-selectin and corresponding amplitude spectrum that wavelet (dominant frequency 15Hz) obtains.
Fig. 3 (a) is the evaluation method schematic diagram of dominant frequency method；Fig. 3 (b) is the evaluation method signal of mean center frequency method
Figure.
Fig. 4 (a) is the waveform and its amplitude spectrum for the wavelet that dominant frequency is 50Hz；Fig. 4 (b) is identical with Fig. 4 (a) time spans
But dominant frequency is the waveform and its amplitude spectrum of 100Hz wavelet.
Fig. 5 (a) has the wavelet waveforms and curve of amplitude spectrum of secondary lobe；Fig. 5 (b) be have same time length without secondary lobe
The waveform and curve of amplitude spectrum of wavelet.
Fig. 6 (a)~(c) show obtain adjustment after curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f) schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 (a) is the time domain beamformer of dominant frequency 25Hz band logical theoretical wavelet；Fig. 7 (b) is shaking for wavelet shown in Fig. 7 (a)
Width spectral curve a (f)；Fig. 7 (c) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f)；Fig. 7 (d) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f) corresponding to time domain wavelet ripple
Shape, equivalent dominant frequency are 13Hz；Fig. 7 (e) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 7 (a)；Figure
7 (f) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 7 (d).
Fig. 8 (a) is the time domain beamformer of dominant frequency 25Hz band logical theoretical wavelet；Fig. 8 (b) is shaking for wavelet shown in Fig. 8 (a)
Width spectral curve a (f)；Fig. 8 (c) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f)；Fig. 8 (d) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f) corresponding to time domain wavelet ripple
Shape, equivalent dominant frequency are 13Hz；Fig. 8 (e) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 8 (a)；Figure
8 (f) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 8 (d).
Fig. 9 (a), (b) respectively illustrate the earthquake number of a certain river channel sand oil and gas reservoir under different earthquake wavelet with (c)
According to.
Figure 10 (a), (b) respectively illustrate the earthquake number on a certain address anomalous body stratum under different earthquake wavelet with (c)
According to.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing
Preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the present invention without the embodiment party that should be illustrated here
Formula is limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention is more thorough and complete, and can be by the present invention's
Scope is intactly communicated to those skilled in the art.
Herein, first general principle of the present invention is introduced.
Inventor, which studies, to be found, influenceing wavelet lengths has two factors：First, the width of crest, trough；Second, crest, ripple
The number of paddy.Crest outside main crest and main trough and trough are called secondary lobe by general custom, and the missing of low frequency component is son
Ripple produces the reason for secondary lobe.The basic frequency or mean center frequency for evaluating geological data quality mainly reflect in the prior art
Wavelet crest, the width of trough, and the number of crest, trough can not be reflected.Here it is big basic of its error calculated
Reason.
If wavelet waveforms can be made there was only a crest, it is possible to crest, trough number this influence factor are eliminated,
Can establishes a kind of direct relation between wavelet time span and basic frequency (or mean center frequency).Such basic frequency
The resolving power of (or mean center frequency) can accurate description geological data.
Fig. 5 (a) has the wavelet waveforms and curve of amplitude spectrum of secondary lobe；Fig. 5 (b) be have same time length without secondary lobe
The waveform and curve of amplitude spectrum of wavelet.One feature of wavelet for having secondary lobe is exactly that its low frequency component lacks, wavelet basic frequency (or it is flat
Equal centre frequency) it is not directly dependent upon with wavelet time span, it is impossible to reflect strict resolving power.Feature without secondary lobe wavelet is just
It is that low frequency component does not lack, only single main lobe, the width of crest is exactly the length of wavelet, its basic frequency (or mean center frequency
Rate) width of crest is directly determined, also just determine the length of wavelet.So no secondary lobe wavelet basic frequency (or it is average in
Frequency of heart) and wavelet lengths it is directly related, the strict resolving power of wavelet can be reflected completely.
According to having secondary lobe and without the respective curve of amplitude spectrum feature of secondary lobe wavelet, it is contemplated that obtained by following thinking
The equivalent dominant frequency f of seismic waveleteb。
The equivalent initial frequency f of definable firstes.Wavelet amplitude curve passes through after appropriate smoothing processing, relatively flat
Sliding, crest frequency corresponding to its maximum (being usually 1) is fp.Definable meets the frequency f of following conditionesFor equivalent starting frequency
Rate：As shown in Fig. 6 (a), if frequency fesVertical line segmentation region (1) and region (2) area equation, then fesIt can be described as
Effective initial frequency, i.e.,：
Obtain fesAfterwards, curve of amplitude spectrum a (f) can be moved to the left fes, obtain the new curve of amplitude spectrum shown in Fig. 6 (b).
In curve shown in Fig. 6 (b), from-fesRadio-frequency component to 0Hz is that physics is not achievable, without physical significance.By fesDetermine
Knowable to justice, the area equation of region (1) and region (2).Accordingly it is contemplated that by the movement of region (2) area and it is filled into region (1)
Area, it is possible to obtain the curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f after the adjustment shown in Fig. 6 (c)), it can be seen from said process
It is similar with formula (4), average eguivalent center dominant frequency f can be obtained by following formulaem：
In view of being difficult to try to achieve a'(f) practised in the basic frequency of time-domain, the in addition use in view of people in actual production
It is used, can be directly by frequency femAs equivalent dominant frequency feb, you can equivalent dominant frequency f is obtained by following formulaeb：
By equivalent dominant frequency febComputational methods understand, equivalent dominant frequency febIt is directly related with wavelet time span.In theory,
Equivalent dominant frequency febIdentical wavelet has identical wavelet lengths and identical time sense.Equivalent dominant frequency febMeet strict
Resolution ratio definition require, can truly reflect the resolution ratio of geological data.
Equivalent dominant frequency f strictly defined aboveeb.In actual production, its computational methods can suitably be adjusted, with
The computational accuracy for sacrificing very little obtains being substantially reduced for amount of calculation for cost.
It can be obtained on the basis of foregoing invention design, when curve of amplitude spectrum on mean center frequency (referring to formula
(4) definition) full symmetric or almost symmetry when, following very succinct equivalent dominant frequency f can be obtainedebApproximate calculation
Formula：
Wherein, fvhIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) termination effective frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency.Effectively
Frequency bandwidth is the concept being commonly used in practical application, as known to those skilled in the art, low, the amplitude point of front end half
Frequency be respectively defined as originating effective frequency fvlWith termination effective frequency fvh。
Inventor has found in general, equivalent dominant frequency f by a large amount of checkingsebCan be using approximate representation as basic frequency fb
(the basic frequency f defined in method is defined referring to dominant frequencyb) and equivalent initial frequency fesDifference, i.e.,：
feb=fb-fes。 (10)
In addition, in practice, starting effective frequency fvlWith equivalent initial frequency f as defined aboveesTypically very close to
, use fvlInstead of fes, its error very little introduced, the required precision of most of real data can be met, accordingly it is also possible to
Equivalent dominant frequency f is obtained by following formulaeb：
feb=fb-fvl。 (11)
Embodiment 1
According to one embodiment of present invention, the method that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method bag are disclosed
Include：
Step 101, the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet is obtained；
Step 102, the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein,flFor amplitude spectrum a (f) low cut-off frequency, fhFor amplitude spectrum
A (f) higher cutoff frequency,fpFor peak value frequency corresponding to amplitude spectrum a (f) maximum
Rate, fesIt is basisThe equivalent initial frequency determined；
Step 103, based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
In above-described embodiment, by obtaining the equivalent dominant frequency directly related with seismic wavelet time span and based on such
Dominant frequency is imitated to assess the quality of geological data, reliable, deterministic assessment result can be obtained.Above from theory
The advantageous effects of the present invention are described in detail angle, and following two examples enter the angle tested from real data
One step proves the advantageous effects of the present invention.
Fig. 7 (a) is the time domain beamformer of dominant frequency 25Hz band logical theoretical wavelet；Fig. 7 (b) is shaking for wavelet shown in Fig. 7 (a)
Width spectral curve a (f)；Fig. 7 (c) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f)；Fig. 7 (d) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f) corresponding to time domain wavelet ripple
Shape, equivalent dominant frequency are 13Hz；Fig. 7 (e) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 7 (a)；Figure
7 (f) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 7 (d).Comparison diagram 7 (e) and (f), can see
Go out, the composite traces of two wavelets is very close to the resolution situation of wedge body geologic body, equivalent dominant frequency identical difference wavelet
With very close resolution ratio.
Fig. 8 (a) is the time domain beamformer of dominant frequency 25Hz band logical theoretical wavelet；Fig. 8 (b) is shaking for wavelet shown in Fig. 8 (a)
Width spectral curve a (f)；Fig. 8 (c) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f)；Fig. 8 (d) is curve of amplitude spectrum a'(f) corresponding to time domain wavelet ripple
Shape, equivalent dominant frequency are 13Hz；Fig. 8 (e) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 8 (a)；Figure
8 (f) is the wedge body geological model synthetic seismogram of the wavelet generation shown in Fig. 8 (d).Comparison diagram 8 (e) and (f), can see
Go out, the composite traces of two wavelets is very close to the resolution situation of wedge body geologic body, equivalent dominant frequency identical difference wavelet
With very close resolution ratio.
Embodiment 2
According to one embodiment of present invention, the method that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method bag are disclosed
Include：
Step 201, the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet is obtained, wherein the amplitude spectrum a (f) is complete on mean center frequency
Holohedral symmetry or almost symmetry；
Step 202, the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein, fvhIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) termination effective frequency, fvlIt is that amplitude spectrum a (f) starting has
Imitate frequency；
Step 203, based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
Embodiment 3
According to one embodiment of present invention, the method that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method bag are disclosed
Include：
Step 301, the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet is obtained；
Step 302, the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fes, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fesIt is basis
The equivalent initial frequency determined；
Step 303, based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
Embodiment 4
According to one embodiment of present invention, the method that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method bag are disclosed
Include：
Step 401, the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet is obtained；
Step 402, the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fvl, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency；
Step 403, based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
Embodiment 5
According to one embodiment of present invention, the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device bag are disclosed
Include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein,flFor amplitude spectrum a (f) low cut-off frequency, fhFor amplitude spectrum
A (f) higher cutoff frequency,fpFor peak value frequency corresponding to amplitude spectrum a (f) maximum
Rate, fesIt is basisThe equivalent initial frequency determined；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses earthquake number
According to quality.
Embodiment 6
According to one embodiment of present invention, the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device bag are disclosed
Include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet, wherein the amplitude spectrum a (f) is on flat
Equal centre frequency is full symmetric or almost symmetry；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein, fvhIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) termination effective frequency, fvlIt is that amplitude spectrum a (f) starting has
Imitate frequency；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses earthquake number
According to quality.
Embodiment 7
According to one embodiment of present invention, the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device bag are disclosed
Include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fes, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fesIt is basis
The equivalent initial frequency determined；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses earthquake number
According to quality.
Embodiment 8
According to one embodiment of present invention, the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device bag are disclosed
Include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fvl, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses earthquake number
According to quality.
Using example
For ease of understanding the scheme of the embodiment of the present invention and its effect, a concrete application example given below.This area
It should be understood to the one skilled in the art that the example, only for the purposes of understanding the present invention, its any detail is not intended to be limited in any way
The system present invention.
Fig. 9 (a), (b) respectively illustrate the earthquake number of a certain river channel sand oil and gas reservoir under different earthquake wavelet with (c)
According to.Table 1 is the contrast list of Fig. 9 (a), (b) and (c) respective geological data dominant frequency and equivalent dominant frequency.
The geological data dominant frequency of table 1 and equivalent dominant frequency contrast table
The dominant frequency of Fig. 9 (a) data is not highest, but equivalent dominant frequency highest, its resolving power highest.In the data, channel sand
The form of body and border are most clear (oval marked position), and the geological interface reflection of arrow instruction is same clear, is easy to follow the trail of.
The dominant frequency of Fig. 9 (b) data, equivalent dominant frequency are relatively low, and its resolving power is relatively low.In the data, river channel sand
Form and border None- identified (oval marked position), but the geological interface of red arrow instruction reflects still clearly, is easy to
Tracking.
Fig. 9 (c) data dominant frequency highests, equivalent dominant frequency is minimum, and its resolving power is minimum.In the data, the form of river channel sand
It has been difficult identification (oval marked position) with border, the geological interface reflection of arrow instruction is unintelligible, it is difficult to follows the trail of.
Figure 10 (a), (b) respectively illustrate the earthquake number on a certain address anomalous body stratum under different earthquake wavelet with (c)
According to.Table 2 is the contrast list of Figure 10 (a), (b) and (c) respective geological data dominant frequency and equivalent dominant frequency.
The geological data dominant frequency of table 2 and equivalent dominant frequency contrast table
The dominant frequency of Figure 10 (a) data is not highest, but equivalent dominant frequency highest, its resolving power highest.In the data, geology is different
The form of normal body is most clear (oval marked position), and the geological interface reflection of arrow instruction is same clear, is easy to follow the trail of.
The dominant frequency of Figure 10 (b) data, equivalent dominant frequency are relatively low, and its resolving power is relatively low.In the data, geological anomalous body
None- identified (oval marked position), the geological interface reflection of arrow instruction can follow the trail of, but interface location can not be implemented.
Figure 10 (c) data dominant frequency highests, equivalent dominant frequency is minimum, and its resolving power is minimum.In the data, geological anomalous body can not
Identify (oval marked position), the geological interface reflection of arrow instruction is difficult to follow the trail of.
The present invention can be system, method and/or computer program product.Computer program product can include computer
Readable storage medium storing program for executing, containing for making processor realize the computer-readable program instructions of various aspects of the invention.
Computer-readable recording medium can keep and store to perform the tangible of the instruction that uses of equipment by instruction
Equipment.Computer-readable recording medium for example can be-- but be not limited to-- storage device electric, magnetic storage apparatus, optical storage
Equipment, electromagnetism storage device, semiconductor memory apparatus or above-mentioned any appropriate combination.Computer-readable recording medium
More specifically example (non exhaustive list) includes：Portable computer diskette, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only deposit
It is reservoir (ROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static RAM (SRAM), portable
Compact disk read-only storage (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), memory stick, floppy disk, mechanical coding equipment, for example thereon
It is stored with punch card or groove internal projection structure and the above-mentioned any appropriate combination of instruction.Calculating used herein above
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing is not construed as instantaneous signal in itself, the electromagnetic wave of such as radio wave or other Free propagations, leads to
Cross the electromagnetic wave (for example, the light pulse for passing through fiber optic cables) of waveguide or the propagation of other transmission mediums or transmitted by electric wire
Electric signal.
Computer-readable program instructions as described herein can be downloaded to from computer-readable recording medium it is each calculate/
Processing equipment, or outer computer or outer is downloaded to by network, such as internet, LAN, wide area network and/or wireless network
Portion's storage device.Network can include copper transmission cable, optical fiber is transmitted, is wirelessly transferred, router, fire wall, interchanger, gateway
Computer and/or Edge Server.Adapter or network interface in each calculating/processing equipment receive from network to be counted
Calculation machine readable program instructions, and the computer-readable program instructions are forwarded, for the meter being stored in each calculating/processing equipment
In calculation machine readable storage medium storing program for executing.
For perform the computer program instructions that operate of the present invention can be assembly instruction, instruction set architecture (ISA) instruction,
Machine instruction, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, condition setup data or with one or more programming languages
The source code or object code that any combination is write, programming language of the programming language including object-oriented-such as
Smalltalk, C++ etc., and conventional procedural programming languages-such as " C " language or similar programming language.Computer
Readable program instructions fully can on the user computer perform, partly perform on the user computer, be only as one
Vertical software kit performs, part performs or completely in remote computer on the remote computer on the user computer for part
Or performed on server.In the situation of remote computer is related to, remote computer can pass through network-bag of any kind
LAN (LAN) or wide area network (WAN)-be connected to subscriber computer are included, or, it may be connected to outer computer (such as profit
Pass through Internet connection with ISP).In certain embodiments, by using computer-readable program instructions
Status information carry out personalized customization electronic circuit, such as PLD, field programmable gate array (FPGA) or can
Programmed logic array (PLA) (PLA), the electronic circuit can perform computer-readable program instructions, so as to realize each side of the present invention
Face.
Referring herein to method, apparatus (system) and computer program product according to embodiments of the present invention flow chart and/
Or block diagram describes various aspects of the invention.It should be appreciated that each square frame and flow chart of flow chart and/or block diagram and/
Or in block diagram each square frame combination, can be realized by computer-readable program instructions.
These computer-readable program instructions can be supplied to all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer or other programmable datas
The processor of processing unit, so as to produce a kind of machine so that these instructions are passing through computer or other programmable datas
During the computing device of processing unit, work(specified in one or more of implementation process figure and/or block diagram square frame is generated
The device of energy/action.These computer-readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, these refer to
Order causes computer, programmable data processing unit and/or other equipment to work in a specific way, so as to be stored with instruction
Computer-readable medium then includes a manufacture, and it is included in one or more of implementation process figure and/or block diagram square frame
The instruction of the various aspects of defined function/action.
Computer-readable program instructions can also be loaded into computer, other programmable data processing units or other
In equipment so that series of operation steps is performed on computer, other programmable data processing units or miscellaneous equipment, with production
Raw computer implemented process, so that performed on computer, other programmable data processing units or miscellaneous equipment
Instruct function/action specified in one or more of implementation process figure and/or block diagram square frame.
Flow chart and block diagram in accompanying drawing show system, method and the computer journey of multiple embodiments according to the present invention
Architectural framework in the cards, function and the operation of sequence product.At this point, each square frame in flow chart or block diagram can generation
One module of table, program segment or a part for instruction, the module, program segment or a part for instruction include one or more use
In the executable instruction of logic function as defined in realization.At some as the function of in the realization replaced, being marked in square frame
Can be with different from the order marked in accompanying drawing generation.For example, two continuous square frames can essentially be held substantially in parallel
OK, they can also be performed in the opposite order sometimes, and this is depending on involved function.It is also noted that block diagram and/or
The combination of each square frame and block diagram in flow chart and/or the square frame in flow chart, function or dynamic as defined in performing can be used
The special hardware based system made is realized, or can be realized with the combination of specialized hardware and computer instruction.
It is described above various embodiments of the present invention, described above is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.In the case of without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes will be apparent from for the those of ordinary skill in art field.The selection of term used herein, purport
The principle of each embodiment, practical application or improvement to the technology in market are best being explained, or is making the art
Other those of ordinary skill are understood that each embodiment disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method that equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method include：
Obtain the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
The equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein,flFor amplitude spectrum a (f) low cut-off frequency, fhFor amplitude spectrum a (f)
Higher cutoff frequency,fpFor crest frequency corresponding to amplitude spectrum a (f) maximum,
fesIt is basisThe equivalent initial frequency determined；
Based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
2. a kind of method that equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method include：
The amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet is obtained, wherein the amplitude spectrum a (f) is full symmetric or basic on mean center frequency
Symmetrically；
The equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein, fvhIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) termination effective frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) the effective frequency of starting
Rate；
Based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
3. a kind of method that equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method include：
Obtain the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
The equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fes, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fesIt is basisIt is determined that
Equivalent initial frequency, flFor amplitude spectrum a (f) low cut-off frequency, fpFor peak value frequency corresponding to amplitude spectrum a (f) maximum
Rate；
Based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
4. a kind of method that equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, this method include：
Obtain the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
The equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet is determined based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fvl, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency；
Based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses the quality of geological data.
5. the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein,flFor amplitude spectrum a (f) low cut-off frequency, fhFor amplitude spectrum a (f)
Higher cutoff frequency,fpFor crest frequency corresponding to amplitude spectrum a (f) maximum,
fesIt is basisThe equivalent initial frequency determined；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses geological data
Quality.
6. the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet, wherein during the amplitude spectrum a (f) is on being averaged
Frequency of heart is full symmetric or almost symmetry；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
Wherein, fvhIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) termination effective frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) the effective frequency of starting
Rate；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses geological data
Quality.
7. the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fes, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fesIt is basisIt is determined that
Equivalent initial frequency, flFor amplitude spectrum a (f) low cut-off frequency, fpFor peak value frequency corresponding to amplitude spectrum a (f) maximum
Rate；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses geological data
Quality.
8. the device that a kind of equivalent dominant frequency of geological data calculates, the device include：
Amplitude spectrum acquiring unit, for obtaining the amplitude spectrum a (f) of seismic wavelet；
Equivalent dominant frequency acquiring unit, for determining the equivalent dominant frequency f of the seismic wavelet based on the amplitude spectrum a (f)eb：
feb=fb-fvl, wherein, fbIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) basic frequency, fvlIt is amplitude spectrum a (f) starting effective frequency；
Geological data quality assessing unit, for based on equivalent dominant frequency febThe higher principle of more high then quality assesses geological data
Quality.
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