CN106197944A - The testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults and method - Google Patents
The testing system apparatus of simulation complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106197944A CN106197944A CN201610549967.4A CN201610549967A CN106197944A CN 106197944 A CN106197944 A CN 106197944A CN 201610549967 A CN201610549967 A CN 201610549967A CN 106197944 A CN106197944 A CN 106197944A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults and method, device includes that model test box, tomography cause calamity structure system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data acquisition and monitoring system, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；The pre-buried tomography that is arranged on of data acquisition and monitoring system causes calamity structure internal system, tomography causes calamity structure system and is arranged on inside model test box, top load control system is arranged with model test box top-loaded, groundwater flow modeling system is internal with model test box to be connected, waterpower loading system is connected with groundwater flow modeling system, gushing water mixture recovery system is connected with model test box drain outlet, and view recording system is recorded whole gushing water and caused calamity process of the test.The method that apparatus of the present invention realize can simulate the Faults in Tunnels gushing water under the multifactor controls such as different fault belt, different hydraulics and different edpth of tunnels.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tunnel Engineering geological disaster model test field, be specifically related to one and be applicable to simulate different tomography
The multifunction test device of the Faults in Tunnels gushing water in the case of cause calamity structure, different hydraulics, different buried depth and method.
Background technology
In recent decades, the great infrastructure such as China's transportation is flourish.To the year two thousand twenty, China's highway and
Railway is all by more than 120,000 kilometers, and railway tunnel is up to 10,000 kilometers.The profound tunnel of large quantities of excessive risks will be built, these
Tunnel have " buried depth is big, hole line length, hydraulic pressure heavily stressed, high and geological structure complicated " distinguishing feature.Gushing water is profound tunnel
The Serious geological disasters being frequently encountered by process of construction, according to incompletely statistics, accounts for the 40% of all kinds of disaster.
Tunnel gushing water can be divided into 2 big classes: one is the gushing water that the evolution of rockmass crack causes, i.e. hydraulic fracture type.Separately
One is Geological Defects type gushing water, and fault belt is that the typical case of this kind of Water Inrush Patterns causes calamity structure.Shear-zone rock mass often has
There is broken, prose style free from parallelism structure, and most watery is good.Build tunnel in rich water fault belt area, easily occur during construction
Gushing water, prominent mud, very big to tunnel construction security implication, the most then cause construction delay, facility to damage, heavy then jeopardize workmen's
Safety of life and property.
Faults in Tunnels gushing water is the result under multiple physical field coupling, and its influence factor is numerous, genesis mechanism is complicated.Cause
This, research tunnel seepage flow gushing water process under the conditions of multifactor is significant, it helps disclose complex condition
Tunnel gushing water catastrophe evolution mechanism.Research currently for Faults in Tunnels gushing water is main still based on numerical simulation, owing to lacking
Weary corresponding assay device, model investigation relatively lags behind.The test simulation of inrush through faults to be realized, being badly in need of research and development can be comprehensive
Realize fault parameters accurately set, complicated hydraulics and the assay device of engineering geological condition simulation.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of simulation complex condition deep
Bury testing system apparatus and the method for Faults in Tunnels gushing water, different fault belt, different hydraulics and not can be simulated
With the Faults in Tunnels gushing water under the multifactor controls such as edpth of tunnel, simple in construction, result of the test is accurate.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, including model test box, tomography
Cause calamity and construct system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data acquisition and monitoring system
System, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；The pre-buried tomography that is arranged on of described data acquisition and monitoring system causes calamity structure
Inside manufacturing system, described tomography causes calamity structure system and is arranged on inside model test box, described top load control system and mould
Type proof box top-loaded is arranged, and described groundwater flow modeling system is internal with model test box to be connected, and described waterpower loads
System is connected with groundwater flow modeling system, described gushing water mixture recovery system and the permission drain outlet of model test box
Connect, before described view recording system is erected at model test box, records whole gushing water and cause calamity process of the test.
Further, described model test box includes model casing groove, armorplate glass, bolt and sealing strip, described model
Case groove is cube structure, and on described armorplate glass face cross section, prefabricated tunnel, close with model casing groove by sealing strip and bolt
Envelope connects.
Further, described tomography cause calamity structure system includes slidingtype shear-zone support, sliding panel, fault belt phase
Like Rock soil similar material around material and tomography, slide respectively and be provided with a slip in the both sides of described slidingtype shear-zone support
Plate, two sliding panels will be divided into three parts inside model test box, wherein mid portion fills the similar material of fault belt
Material, two rim portion all fill Rock soil similar material around tomography.Described fault belt analog material is by Pulvis Talci, stone preparation
Form, wherein H:Z=9:1；Around tomography, Rock soil similar material is with yellow ground, Pulvis Talci and cement as major ingredient, and hydraulic oil and water are
Regulator is formulated, wherein, and S:H:N=10:1:0.6.
Further, described slidingtype shear-zone support includes slide rail angle steel with a scale, slide rail steel plate with a scale, band slide rail
Angle steel, the special angle steel in bottom, the special angle steel in top and band nut bore inclinometer；Two described slide rail angle steel with a scale are parallel to each other
It is arranged on base plane, and the bottom special angle steel arranged in parallel with two is vertically connected in same base plane, structure
Become shear-zone support bottom surface；The bottom of four described band slide rail angle steel respectively with two slide rail angle steel with a scale by band nut
Orifice angle instrument in the vertical direction rotatable regulation angle connects, and the bottom of two described band slide rail angle steel respectively can be along described band
Slide rail horizontal direction on scale slide rail angle steel moves, and two pieces of described sliding panels slide up and down with two band slide rail angle steel respectively and set
Put；Two slide rail steel with a scale that the top of four described band slide rail angle steel be arranged in parallel with described slide rail angle steel with a scale respectively
Plate connects, and the top of described band slide rail angle steel can the slide rail horizontal direction along described slide rail steel plate with a scale be moved, and two
Angle steel special with the top being parallel to each other is vertical respectively at the two ends of described slide rail steel plate with a scale is connected, and constitutes on shear-zone support
Bottom surface；Distance between two described sliding panels, the inclination angle of two sliding panels, and slide rail angle steel with a scale and slide rail with a scale
Relative altitude between steel plate all can accurately regulate.
Further, described groundwater flow modeling system includes seepage flow water pipe, control valve and porous disc, and described model tries
Being laid with porous disc bottom tryoff, described seepage flow water pipe passes through the control valve side respectively with porous disc and model test box and connects
Connect.
Further, described waterpower loading system includes water tank with a scale, high-pressure hydraulic pump and connecting water pipe, described with a scale
Pumping into a certain amount of red ink by red ink control system in water tank and stir evenly, described water tank with a scale is with high-pressure hydraulic pump even
Connecing, described high-pressure hydraulic pump is connected with connecting water pipe, and described connecting water pipe connects has Pressure gauge and effusion meter, respectively with each seepage water
Pipe connects.
Further, described top load control system includes uniform beam, hydraulic jack, automatic control cabinet and counter-force
Frame, is loaded the uniform beam being arranged on model casing groove top by automatic control cabinet, hydraulic jack and reaction frame.
Further, described data acquisition and monitoring system includes stressometer, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge, described stress
Meter, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge be embedded in tomography cause calamity structure system fault belt analog material and and tomography around
In Rock soil similar material；Described view recording system includes video camera；Described stressometer, displacement meter, pore pressure gauge and
The signal output part of video camera transmits with the signal input part of computer respectively and is connected.
Further, described gushing water mixture recovery system includes waste liquid barrel, shaker screen, baking oven and electronic scale,
Described waste liquid barrel is rotary inverted cone bucket body structure, is from top to bottom provided with three-deck vibrating screen filter screen inside described waste liquid barrel,
Gushing water mixture, more than the aperture of lower floor's shaker screen, is collected, divides by the aperture of filter screen of upper strata shaker screen successively
From, filter, then dried by baking oven and electronic scale respectively and weigh, carrying out gushing water and dash forward the relative analysis of mud amount.
A kind of test method simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults:
1) before test, first cross section, prefabricated tunnel on armorplate glass face, and by sealing strip and bolt and model casing groove
Connect, seal, prevent armorplate glass edge percolating water；
2) regulation slidingtype shear-zone support, needs accurately to arrange tomography width, inclination angle, height parameter according to test, adjusts
After having saved relevant parameter, slidingtype shear-zone support is inserted predeterminated position in model test box；
3) according to Rock soil similar material around principle of similitude configuration fault belt analog material and tomography；Particularly as follows:
Respectively sliding and arrange a sliding panel in slidingtype shear-zone support two sides, is now divided into three districts inside model test box
Territory；It is layered around three regions landfill fault belt analog materials and tomography Rock soil similar material to less than cross section, tunnel one
During fixed height, taking out sliding panel, stressometer, displacement meter are buried in layering respectively underground, after having buried underground, put into sliding panel, continue to three
When Rock soil similar material is to cross section, tunnel around individual region landfill fault belt analog material and tomography, again take out slip
Plate, bottom-valley, tunnel at tunnel cross section contour, two base angles, two help and bury underground respectively at vault stressometer, displacement meter and
Pore pressure gauge, the distance with armorplate glass is pressed by closely in the position of the stressometer of laying, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge
And far arrange；After continue to put into sliding panel, repetitive operation, until filling up model test box；
Concrete: when distance tunnel vault and bottom-valley are respectively a, 2a, 2.5a, stressometer is buried in layering underground, and stressometer buries
At each layer axis of device, the level interval between each ply stress meter is respectively a, 2a, 2.5a；At distance tunnel vault and the end
When paddy is respectively 0.5a, a, 2a, 2.5a, displacement meter is buried in layering underground, and displacement meter is embedded at each layer axis of device, each layer displacement
Level interval between meter is respectively 2/3a, a, 2a, 2.5a；Stressometer and displacement meter, this layer is laid in the left and right sides, cross section, tunnel
The stressometer laid and the position of displacement meter are from the close-by examples to those far off arranged by the distance with armorplate glass；The laying of pore pressure gauge
Radially being layered interval to lay along tunnel contour line, the half taking base angle, cross section, tunnel two distance is b, with the increment edge of 0.5b
Tunnel cross section contour outwards extends；Bottom-valley, tunnel at tunnel cross section contour, two base angles, two help and at vault respectively
Burying stressometer, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge underground, the position of the stressometer of laying, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge is pressed and steel
The distance changing glass plate is from the close-by examples to those far off arranged.
4) in water tank with a scale, pump into a certain amount of red ink by red ink control system and stir evenly, according to test side
Case, is connected connecting water pipe with each seepage flow water pipe, according to test needs, determines phase by the control valve controlling each seepage flow water pipe
The hydraulic boundary conditions answered；If when the water source character of simulation is artesian aquifer, at landfill fault belt analog material with disconnected
Before layer Rock soil similar material around, the porous disc bottom model test box is connected with corresponding seepage flow water pipe；
5) the loading parameters value of automatic control cabinet is set according to testing program, by hydraulic jack, reaction frame to uniform
Beam loads, simulation tunnel Conditions of Buried Depth；
6) regulation sets camera record seepage flow gushing water process, opens high-pressure hydraulic pump, is passed through high pressure according to testing program
Water starts test, at cross section, the tunnel mouth of armorplate glass and allow drainage position to place waste liquid barrel to reclaim tunnel gushing water mud of dashing forward and mix
Compound；
7) mud mixture of dashing forward the gushing water collected separates successively, filters, dries, weighs, in order to carry out follow-up not
The relative analysis of mud amount of dashing forward with the gushing water under influence factor；
8) monitor stress meter, displacement meter, pore water pressure count in real time, establish base for follow-up theoretical research analysis
Plinth.
Beneficial effect: the present invention simulates testing system apparatus and the method employing of complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults
As above technical scheme, can carry out the multifactor controls such as different fault belt, different hydraulics and different edpth of tunnels
Under the test simulation of Faults in Tunnels gushing water.It is embodied as: 1) by regulation slidingtype shear-zone support, can accurately set
Fault parameters and position thereof；2) difference by accessing seepage flow water pipe position and access way can realize different waterpower bar
Seepage simulation 3 under part) by controlling the loaded value of top hydraulic jack, different buried depth condition can be simulated, and then can be with mould
Intend the Faults in Tunnels gushing water behavior under the influence of the multifactor control of analysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the assay device structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that tomography causes calamity structure system；
Fig. 3 is the understructure schematic diagram that tomography causes calamity structure system；
Fig. 4 is the top structure schematic diagram that tomography causes calamity structure system；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of band nut bore inclinometer；
Fig. 6 is that schematic diagram arranged in detail by the sensor of the assay device of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the assay device three-dimensional organigram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
Such as accompanying drawing 1 and 7, a kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, including model
Proof box, tomography cause calamity structure system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data
Gather monitoring system, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；Described data acquisition and monitoring system is pre-buried to be arranged on
Tomography causes calamity structure internal system, and described tomography causes calamity structure system and is arranged on inside model test box, the load control of described top
System processed is arranged with model test box top-loaded, and described groundwater flow modeling system is internal with model test box to be connected, institute
Stating waterpower loading system to be connected with groundwater flow modeling system, described gushing water mixture recovery system permits with model test box
Permitted drain outlet or cross section, tunnel mouth is connected, before described view recording system is erected at model test box, records whole gushing water and cause
Calamity process of the test.
The above-mentioned each particular make-up system related to illustrates the most respectively:
Described model test box includes model casing groove 1, armorplate glass 2, bolt 3 and sealing strip 5, described model casing groove 1
For cube structure, described armorplate glass 2 goes up cross section, prefabricated tunnel, close with model casing groove 1 by sealing strip 5 and bolt 3
Envelope connects.
As shown in Figure 2, described tomography cause calamity structure system includes that slidingtype shear-zone support 7, sliding panel 8, tomography are broken
Rock soil similar material 24 around broken band analog material 25 and tomography, slides respectively and sets in the both sides of described slidingtype shear-zone support 7
Being equipped with a sliding panel 8, two sliding panels 8 will be divided into three parts inside model test box, wherein mid portion is filled disconnected
Layer crushed zone analog material 26, two rim portion all fill Rock soil similar material 25 around tomography.The similar material of described fault belt
Material is formulated by Pulvis Talci, stone, wherein H:Z=9:1；Around tomography, Rock soil similar material is with yellow ground, Pulvis Talci and cement
It is that regulator is formulated for major ingredient, hydraulic oil and water, wherein, S:H:N=10:1:0.6.
Such as accompanying drawing 2,3,4 and 5, described slidingtype shear-zone support 7 includes slide rail angle steel 71 with a scale, slide rail steel with a scale
Plate 72, band slide rail angle steel 73, the special angle steel in bottom 74, the special angle steel in top 75 and band nut bore inclinometer 76；Two described bands
Scale slide rail angle steel 71 is arranged in parallel in base plane, and the bottom special angle steel 74 arranged in parallel with two is vertical
It is connected in same base plane, constitutes shear-zone support bottom surface；The bottom of four described band slide rail angle steel 73 is respectively with two
Root slide rail with a scale angle steel 71 is connected by band nut bore inclinometer 76 in the vertical direction rotatable regulation angle, described in two
Bottom with slide rail angle steel 73 can the slide rail horizontal direction along described slide rail angle steel 71 with a scale be moved respectively, two pieces of described cunnings
Dynamic plate 8 slides up and down setting with two band slide rail angle steel 73 respectively；The top of four described band slide rail angle steel 73 is respectively with described
Two slide rail steel plates 72 with a scale that slide rail angle steel 71 with a scale be arranged in parallel connect, and the top of described band slide rail angle steel 73 can edge
Slide rail horizontal direction on described slide rail steel plate 72 with a scale moves, and the two ends of two described slide rail steel plates 72 with a scale are respectively
Angle steel 75 special with the top being parallel to each other is vertical to be connected, and constitutes shear-zone support upper bottom surface.
Distance between two described sliding panels 8, the inclination angle of two sliding panels 8, and slide rail angle steel with a scale 71 and band
The equal scalable of relative altitude between scale slide rail steel plate 72, and then make the physics ginsengs such as co-hade, width, height and position
The controllable precise of number.When regulating the inclination angle of slidingtype shear-zone support 7, loosening belt nut bore inclinometer 76 accurately regulates band slide rail
Angle between angle steel 73 tightens band nut bore inclinometer 76 to any predetermined angular, it is achieved the accurate regulation of prefabricated co-hade
Set.When regulating the width of slidingtype shear-zone support, loosen the bolt connecting band slide rail angle steel 73, by slide rail steel with a scale
The width of the slide rail of plate 72 and graduation mark accurate adjusting faults band tights a bolt to any predetermined value, it is achieved prefabricated tomography width
That spends accurately regulates setting.When regulating the height of slidingtype shear-zone support, loosen the bolt connecting band slide rail angle steel 73, pass through
Tight a bolt to any predetermined value with the slide rail up-down adjustment slide rail with a scale steel plate 72 on slide rail angle steel 73.
Such as accompanying drawing 1, described groundwater flow modeling system includes seepage flow water pipe 10, control valve 11 and porous disc 12, described
Be laid with porous disc 12 bottom model test box, described seepage flow water pipe 10 by control valve 11 respectively with porous disc 12 and model
The side of proof box connects.Concrete, seepage flow water pipe 10 includes 9, and wherein three are connected with porous disc 12, it is achieved artesian aquifer
Simulation；Other six are divided into two groups to be connected with left surface and the right flank of model test box respectively, it is achieved different waterpower limits
Boundary's condition test.
Described waterpower loading system includes water tank 13 with a scale, high-pressure hydraulic pump 14 and connecting water pipe 18, described water with a scale
Pump into a certain amount of red ink by red ink control system 16 and stir evenly in case 13, described water tank 13 with a scale and high-pressure hydraulic pump
14 connect, and described high-pressure hydraulic pump 14 is connected with connecting water pipe 18, and described connecting water pipe 18 connects Pressure gauge 15 and effusion meter 17,
It is connected with each seepage flow water pipe 10 respectively.In process of the test, can intuitively observation water flow path and gushing water feelings by the concentration of color
Condition.Red ink control system 16 can control the input quantity of red ink, i.e. red ink the most in real time and account for the percentage ratio of the water yield.Specifically
: the red ink in red ink groove 161 is pumped in water tank 13 with a scale by red ink pipe 162 by pulsating pump 164, red ink
For connecting the flabellum axle 168 of flabellum 169 and flabellum axle motor 165, in the effect of flabellum axle motor 165 outside water pipe 162
Under, flabellum 169 rotates the red ink that will be fed in water tank 13 with a scale and stirs evenly, and then is passed through in follow-up test device, flabellum axle
For connecting the protection set 167 of carrying lid 166 outside 168, carrying lid 166 is uniformly distributed air-vent 160, it is to avoid formed in water tank
Airtight negative pressure space, affects the effect of high-pressure hydraulic pump 14, carrying lid 166 is placed red ink groove 161, pulsating pump 164 and fan
Rachis motor 165.
Described top load control system includes uniform beam 20, hydraulic jack 21, automatic control cabinet 22 and reaction frame 23,
By automatic control cabinet 22, hydraulic jack 21 and reaction frame 23, the uniform beam 20 being arranged on model casing groove top is loaded.Logical
Cross the Conditions of Buried Depth that the size simulation of loaded value is different.Automatic control cabinet passes through connection hydraulic jack 21, by certainly
The setting of the dynamic Loading Control parameter such as switch board 22 loaded value and load time, can realize automatically adding unloading.
Described data acquisition and monitoring system includes the sensors 24 such as stressometer, displacement meter and pore pressure gauge, described should
The sensors 24 such as power meter 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243 are embedded in tomography and cause the fault disruption zone of calamity structure system
Around band analog material 26 and tomography in Rock soil similar material 25；Described view recording system includes video camera 29；Described stress
The signal output part of meter 241, displacement meter 242, the sensor 24 such as pore pressure gauge 243 and video camera 29 respectively with computer
Signal input part transmission connect.
Described gushing water mixture recovery system includes waste liquid barrel 27, shaker screen 28, baking oven and electronic scale, to gushing water
Mixture is collected successively, separates, filters, dries and weighs, and carries out gushing water and dashes forward the relative analysis of mud amount.
A kind of test method simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults:
1) before test, first cross section, prefabricated tunnel on armorplate glass 2, and by sealing strip 5 and bolt 3 and model casing
Groove 1 connects, seals, and prevents armorplate glass 2 edge percolating water；
2) regulation slidingtype shear-zone support 7, needs accurately to arrange tomography width, inclination angle, height parameter according to test, adjusts
After having saved relevant parameter, slidingtype shear-zone support 7 is inserted predeterminated position in model test box；
3) according to Rock soil similar material 25 around principle of similitude configuration fault belt analog material 26 and tomography；Specifically
For: respectively slide in slidingtype shear-zone support 7 two sides and a sliding panel 8 is set, be now divided into inside model test box
Three regions；It is layered around three regions landfill fault belt analog materials 26 and tomography Rock soil similar material 25 to being less than
During the certain altitude of cross section, tunnel, taking out sliding panel 8, layering is buried stressometer 241, displacement meter 242 respectively underground, after having buried underground, is put
Enter sliding panel, continue Rock soil similar material 25 to tunnel around three region landfill fault belt analog materials 26 and tomography
During cross section, again take out sliding panel 8, bottom-valley, tunnel at tunnel cross section contour, two base angles, two help and at vault respectively
Bury stressometer 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243 underground, the stressometer 241 of laying, displacement meter 242 and pore water pressure
The position of power meter 243 is from the close-by examples to those far off arranged by the distance with armorplate glass 2；After continue to put into sliding panel 8, repetitive operation, directly
To filling up model test box；
Concrete: when distance tunnel vault and bottom-valley are respectively a, 2a, 2.5a, stressometer 241, stressometer are buried in layering underground
241 are embedded at each layer axis of device, and the level interval between each ply stress meter 241 is respectively a, 2a, 2.5a；In distance tunnel
When vault and bottom-valley are respectively 0.5a, a, 2a, 2.5a, displacement meter 242 is buried in layering underground, and displacement meter 242 is embedded in each layer of device
At axis, the level interval between each layer displacement meter 242 is respectively 2/3a, a, 2a, 2.5a；Laying in the left and right sides, cross section, tunnel should
Power meter 241 and displacement meter 242, the distance with armorplate glass 2 is pressed in stressometer 241 and the position of displacement meter 242 that this layer is laid
From the close-by examples to those far off arrange；The laying of pore pressure gauge 243 is radially layered interval and lays along tunnel contour line, takes cross section, tunnel
The half of two base angle distances is b, outwards extends along tunnel cross section contour with the increment of 0.5b；At tunnel cross section contour
Bottom-valley, tunnel, two base angles, two help and at vault, bury stressometer 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243, cloth respectively underground
If stressometer 241, displacement meter 242 and pore pressure gauge 243 position by with the distance from the close-by examples to those far off cloth of armorplate glass 2
Put；Stressometer, displacement meter layering non-equidistance lays the loading characteristic meeting actual condition, time close to cross section, tunnel, stress
Change complexity, the intensive laying of sensor, be conducive to extracting in detail the stress running parameter of actual condition, and distance cross section, tunnel is relatively
Time remote, the sparse laying of sensor, overall can understand the stress situation of change in the range of device, preferably extract in process of the test
Mechanics parameter in device global scope, follow-up labor.Pore water pressure is radially laid with and is beneficial to carry
Take along the pore water pressure force parameter under the radial distribution of tunnel contour line, for follow-up study pore water pressure and tunnel contour line
Between exist certain relation there is important function；
4) pump into a certain amount of red ink and stir evenly by red ink control system 16, according to examination in water tank 13 with a scale
Proved recipe case, is connected connecting water pipe 18 with each seepage flow water pipe 10, according to test needs, by controlling the control of each seepage flow water pipe 10
Valve 11 determines corresponding hydraulic boundary conditions；If when the water source character of simulation is artesian aquifer, in landfill fault belt
Around analog material 26 and tomography before Rock soil similar material 25, by the porous disc 12 bottom model test box and corresponding seepage water
Pipe 10 connects；
5) the loading parameters value of automatic control cabinet 22 is set according to testing program, by hydraulic jack (21), reaction frame
23 pairs of uniform beams 20 load, simulation tunnel Conditions of Buried Depth；
6) regulation sets video camera 29 and records seepage flow gushing water process, opens high-pressure hydraulic pump 14, is passed through according to testing program
Water under high pressure starts test, and cross section, tunnel mouth and permission drainage position placement waste liquid barrel 27 at armorplate glass 2 reclaim tunnel and dash forward
Shuitu mud mixture；
7) mud mixture of dashing forward the gushing water collected separates successively, filters, dries, weighs, in order to carry out follow-up not
The relative analysis of mud amount of dashing forward with the gushing water under influence factor；
8) real-time monitor stress meter 241, displacement meter 242, pore pressure gauge 243 data, divide for follow-up theoretical research
Analysis lays the foundation.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is characterised in that: include that model tries
Tryoff, tomography cause calamity structure system, groundwater flow modeling system, waterpower loading system, top load control system, data acquisition
Monitor set system, gushing water mixture recovery system and view recording system；Described data acquisition and monitoring system is pre-buried be arranged on disconnected
Layer causes calamity structure internal system, and described tomography causes calamity structure system and is arranged on inside model test box, and described top load controls
System is arranged with model test box top-loaded, and described groundwater flow modeling system is internal with model test box to be connected, described
Waterpower loading system is connected with groundwater flow modeling system, described gushing water mixture recovery system and the permission of model test box
Drain outlet connects, and before described view recording system is erected at model test box, records whole gushing water and causes calamity process of the test.
A kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is special
Levy and be: described model test box includes model casing groove (1), armorplate glass (2), bolt (3) and sealing strip (5), described mould
Molding box groove (1) is cube structure, and on described armorplate glass (2) face cross section, prefabricated tunnel, by sealing strip (5) and bolt
(3) it is tightly connected with model casing groove (1).
A kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is special
Levy and be: described tomography causes calamity structure system and includes slidingtype shear-zone support (7), sliding panel (8), the similar material of fault belt
Rock soil similar material (25) around material (26) and tomography, slides respectively and is provided with in the both sides of described slidingtype shear-zone support (7)
One sliding panel (8), two sliding panels (8) will be divided into three parts inside model test box, wherein mid portion is filled disconnected
Layer crushed zone analog material (26), two rim portion all fill Rock soil similar material around tomography (25)；
Described fault belt analog material (26) is formulated by Pulvis Talci, stone, wherein H:Z=9:1；Ground around tomography
Analog material (25) is with yellow ground, Pulvis Talci and cement as major ingredient, and hydraulic oil and water are that regulator is formulated, wherein, and S:H:N=
10:1:0.6。
A kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is special
Levy and be: described slidingtype shear-zone support (7) includes that slide rail angle steel (71) with a scale, slide rail steel plate with a scale (72), band are slided
Rail angle steel (73), the special angle steel in bottom (74), the special angle steel in top (75) and band nut bore inclinometer (76)；Two described bands are carved
Degree slide rail angle steel (71) is arranged in parallel in base plane, and hangs down in the bottom special angle steel (74) arranged in parallel with two
Direct-connected it is connected in same base plane, constitutes shear-zone support bottom surface；The bottom of four described bands slide rail angle steel (73) is respectively
It is connected by band nut bore inclinometer (76) in the vertical direction rotatable regulation angle with two slide rail angle steel (71) with a scale,
The bottom of two described bands slide rail angle steel (73) can the slide rail horizontal direction along described slide rail angle steel (71) with a scale be moved respectively
Dynamic, two pieces of described sliding panels (8) slide up and down setting with two bands slide rail angle steel (73) respectively；Four described band slide rail angle steel
(73) two slide rail steel plates (72) with a scale that top be arranged in parallel with described slide rail angle steel (71) with a scale respectively are connected, institute
The top stating band slide rail angle steel (73) can the slide rail horizontal direction along described slide rail steel plate (72) with a scale be moved, and two institutes
State the two ends of slide rail steel plate (72) with a scale angle steel special with the top being parallel to each other (75) is vertical respectively and be connected, constitute shear-zone
Support upper bottom surface；Distance between two described sliding panels (8), the inclination angle of two sliding panels (8), and slide rail angle steel with a scale
(71) relative altitude and between slide rail steel plate with a scale (72) all can accurately regulate.
A kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is special
Levy and be: described groundwater flow modeling system includes seepage flow water pipe (10), control valve (11) and porous disc (12), described model
Be laid with porous disc (12) bottom proof box, described seepage flow water pipe (10) by control valve (11) respectively with porous disc (12) and
The side of model test box connects.
6. according to the testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults a kind of described in claim 1 or 5, its
It is characterised by: described waterpower loading system includes water tank with a scale (13), high-pressure hydraulic pump (14) and connecting water pipe (18), described band
Scale water tank (13) is pumped into red ink by red ink control system (16) and is stirred evenly, described water tank with a scale (13) and water under high pressure
Pump (14) connects, and described high-pressure hydraulic pump (14) is connected with connecting water pipe (18), and described connecting water pipe (18) connects Pressure gauge
(15) and effusion meter (17), it is connected with each seepage flow water pipe (10) respectively.
A kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is special
Levy and be: described top load control system includes uniform beam (20), hydraulic jack (21), automatic control cabinet (22) and counter-force
Frame (23), by automatic control cabinet (22), hydraulic jack (21) and reaction frame (23) to being arranged on model casing groove top (1)
Uniform beam (20) loads.
8. according to the testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults a kind of described in claim 1 or 3, its
It is characterised by: described data acquisition and monitoring system includes stressometer (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243),
Described stressometer (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243) are embedded in the tomography of tomography cause calamity structure system and break
Around broken band analog material (26) and tomography in Rock soil similar material (25)；Described view recording system includes video camera (29)；
The signal output part of described stressometer (241), displacement meter (242), pore pressure gauge (243) and video camera (29) respectively with
The signal input part transmission of computer connects.
A kind of testing system apparatus simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is special
Levy and be: described gushing water mixture recovery system includes waste liquid barrel (27), shaker screen (28), baking oven and electronic scale, institute
Stating waste liquid barrel (27) is rotary inverted cone bucket body structure, and described waste liquid barrel (27) is internal is from top to bottom provided with three-deck vibrating screen
Filter screen (28), gushing water, more than the aperture of lower floor's shaker screen (28), is mixed by the aperture of filter screen of upper strata shaker screen (28)
Thing is collected successively, separates, filters, then is dried by baking oven and electronic scale respectively and weigh, and carries out gushing water and dashes forward mud amount
Relative analysis.
10. the test method simulating complex condition deep tunnel inrush through faults, it is characterised in that:
1) before test, first cross section, prefabricated tunnel on armorplate glass (2) face, and by sealing strip (5) and bolt (3) and model
Case groove (1) connects, seals, and prevents armorplate glass (2) edge percolating water；
2) regulation slidingtype shear-zone support (7), needs accurately to arrange tomography width, inclination angle, height parameter according to test, regulation
After good relevant parameter, slidingtype shear-zone support (7) is inserted predeterminated position in model test box；
3) according to Rock soil similar material (25) around principle of similitude configuration fault belt analog material (26) and tomography；Specifically
For: respectively slide in slidingtype shear-zone support (7) two sides and a sliding panel (8) is set, now divided inside model test box
It is slit into three regions；It is layered Rock soil similar material around three regions landfill fault belt analog material (26) and tomography
(25) to during less than cross section, tunnel certain altitude, taking out sliding panel (8), stressometer (241), displacement meter are buried in layering respectively underground
(242), after having buried underground, put into sliding panel, continue to three regions landfill fault belt analog material (26) and tomography week
When enclosing Rock soil similar material (25) to cross section, tunnel, again take out sliding panel (8), at the bottom of the tunnel at tunnel cross section contour
Paddy, two base angles, two help and bury underground respectively at vault stressometer (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243), cloth
If stressometer (241), displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243) position by with the distance of armorplate glass (2) by
Proximal and distal layout；After continue to put into sliding panel (8), repetitive operation, until filling up model test box；
Concrete: when distance tunnel vault and bottom-valley are respectively a, 2a, 2.5a, stressometer (241), stressometer are buried in layering underground
(241) being embedded at each layer axis of device, the level interval between each ply stress meter (241) is respectively a, 2a, 2.5a；In distance
When tunnel vault and bottom-valley are respectively 0.5a, a, 2a, 2.5a, displacement meter (242) is buried in layering underground, and displacement meter (242) is embedded in device
Each layer axis at, the level interval between each layer displacement meter (242) is respectively 2/3a, a, 2a, 2.5a；About cross section, tunnel
Stressometer (241) and displacement meter (242) is laid in both sides, stressometer (241) that this layer is laid and the position of displacement meter (242) press with
The distance of armorplate glass (2) is from the close-by examples to those far off arranged；The laying of pore pressure gauge (243) radially divides along tunnel contour line
Interlayer is every laying, and the half taking base angle, cross section, tunnel two distance is b, with the increment of 0.5b along tunnel cross section contour to extension
Exhibition；Bottom-valley, tunnel at tunnel cross section contour, two base angles, two help and at vault, bury stressometer (241), displacement respectively underground
Meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243), the stressometer (241) of laying, displacement meter (242) and pore pressure gauge (243)
Position is from the close-by examples to those far off arranged by the distance with armorplate glass (2)；
4) pump into a certain amount of red ink and stir evenly by red ink control system (16), according to examination in water tank with a scale (13)
Proved recipe case, is connected connecting water pipe (18) with each seepage flow water pipe (10), according to test needs, by controlling each seepage flow water pipe (10)
Control valve (11) determine corresponding hydraulic boundary conditions；If it is when the water source character of simulation is artesian aquifer, disconnected at landfill
Around layer crushed zone analog material (26) and tomography, Rock soil similar material (25) is front, by the porous disc (12) bottom model test box
Connect with corresponding seepage flow water pipe (10)；
5) the loading parameters value of automatic control cabinet (22) is set according to testing program, by hydraulic jack (21), reaction frame
(23) uniform beam (20) is loaded, simulation tunnel Conditions of Buried Depth；
6) regulation sets video camera (29) record seepage flow gushing water process, opens high-pressure hydraulic pump (14), is passed through according to testing program
Water under high pressure starts test, and cross section, tunnel mouth and permission drainage position at armorplate glass (2) are placed waste liquid barrel (27) and reclaimed tunnel
Road gushing water is dashed forward mud mixture；
7) mud mixture of dashing forward the gushing water collected separates successively, filters, dries, weighs, in order to carry out follow-up different shadow
Ring the gushing water under factor to dash forward the relative analysis of mud amount；
8) real-time monitor stress meter (241), displacement meter (242), pore pressure gauge (243) data, for follow-up theoretical research
Analysis lays the foundation.
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