CN106195006B - A kind of method of the optimal liquid resistance ratio of definite hydrostatic slideway - Google Patents
A kind of method of the optimal liquid resistance ratio of definite hydrostatic slideway Download PDFInfo
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- CN106195006B CN106195006B CN201610597371.1A CN201610597371A CN106195006B CN 106195006 B CN106195006 B CN 106195006B CN 201610597371 A CN201610597371 A CN 201610597371A CN 106195006 B CN106195006 B CN 106195006B
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- oil
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- oil film
- rigidity
- liquid resistance
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 101100321817 Human parvovirus B19 (strain HV) 7.5K gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0662—Details of hydrostatic bearings independent of fluid supply or direction of load
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/02—Frames; Beds; Carriages
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
- F16C2322/39—General build up of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to hydrostatic slideway technical field, and the invention discloses a kind of method of the definite optimal liquid resistance ratio of hydrostatic slideway, it specifically includes following step：Step 1: oil pocket parameter when obtaining guide rail work, calculates oil pocket pressure when guide rail works so as to obtain oil film transport ratio during guide rail work.Step 2: the corresponding initial liquid resistance ratios of larger rigidity value s are obtained according to the oil film transport ratio being calculated.Oil pocket parameter during according to work obtains oil film transport ratio during guide rail work, so that it is determined that initial liquid resistance ratio, such liquid resistance ratio enables guide rail rigidity to increase substantially.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrostatic slideway technical field, more particularly to a kind of optimal liquid resistance ratio of definite hydrostatic slideway
Method.
Background technology
Hydrostatic slideway is the hydraulic oil that certain pressure is filled with the hydraulic fluid chamber of slide unit, is made between slide unit and guide rail
Separated by one layer of oil film, not only reduce the influence of guide rail surface mismachining tolerance, guide rail is obtained very high kinematic accuracy, and
Allow work of the guide rail without abrasion, while oil film also makes guide rail have excellent absorbing and lubricity, and there is work
The advantages that steady reliable, the service life is high, thus being widely used in all kinds of lathes especially precise numerical control machine.
Hydraulic coupling caused by slide unit hydraulic fluid chamber, slide unit is floated on guide rail, and is at suspended state, is suspended
Height be oil film thickness.At present the Rigidity Calculation of hydrostatic slideway mostly with ε=0 when situation calculated to analyze, this
Kind method will certainly cause hydrostatic slideway, and rigidity can not be larger in the operating condition.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：For liquid resistance definite in the prior art than being the situation in ε=0, will certainly lead
The hydrostatic slideway technical problem that rigidity can not be larger in the operating condition is caused, the invention discloses a kind of definite fluid pressure
The method of the optimal liquid resistance ratio of guide rail.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is such：
The invention discloses a kind of method of the definite optimal liquid resistance ratio of hydrostatic slideway, it specifically includes following step
Suddenly：Step 1: oil pocket parameter when obtaining guide rail work, oil pocket pressure when calculating guide rail work is so that when obtaining guide rail work
Oil film transport ratio.Step 2: the corresponding initial liquid resistance ratios of larger rigidity value s are obtained according to the oil film transport ratio being calculated
λ0；Calculation formula is as follows：
Oil film transport ratio when wherein ε is the guide rail work that step 1 obtains；λ0Take
It is worth to be less than 10 more than 1,AeFor the area of oil pocket upper surface.(oil pocket in hydrostatic slideway is usually square
Shape, A hereeThe generally referred to as area of section of rectangle larger part), h0For oil film original depth, PsIt is system charge oil pressure,
It is the pressure value at hydraulic pump outlet, P is that fluid flows through the pressure reached after pipeline, hydraulic valve at actuator, is hindered according to liquid
It is theoretical：
Wherein system charge oil pressure is Ps, fixer, which hinders, uses capillary restrictor, liquid
Hinder for Rc, initial oil film thickness is h0, the resistance of sealing oil edge liquid is Rh(t), and to count the resistance of sealing oil edge initial liquid be Rh0.During according to work
Oil pocket parameter obtains oil film transport ratio during guide rail work, pushes away definite initial liquid resistance so that counter and compares λ0, such liquid resistance is than causing
Guide rail rigidity can increase substantially.
Further, the process of oil film transport ratio when guide rail work is obtained in step 1 specifically includes following step
Suddenly：Step S11, the oil film thickness of guide rail in the operating condition is calculated according to leakage flow Q during work；
Wherein μ is hydraulic oil viscosity；Wherein Δ P is the difference of rectangle oil cavity pressure and rectangle sealing oil edge outside pressure, when rectangle oil sealing
When side is communicated with air, Δ P is equal to rectangle oil cavity pressure；B is the sum of width of rectangle oil pocket width and rectangle sealing oil edge,
L is the sum of length of rectangle oil pocket length and rectangle sealing oil edge, b1For the width of rectangle sealing oil edge, l1For the length of rectangle sealing oil edge
Degree；Step S12, the oil film thickness h under the working status obtained according to step S11, is calculated oil film position during guide rail work
Shifting rateh0For initial oil film thickness, h be in working condition under oil film thickness.
Further, the above method further includes the load G1 born according to guide rail under operating mode and guide rail dead weight G2, meter
Calculate rail oil cavity pressure P；Oil pocket internal pressure of the hydrostatic slideway under full-loading condition is calculated by this step
Power P, under normal conditions the sealing oil edge of hydrostatic slideway communicated with air, then foregoing Δ P=P, wherein AeFor oil pocket area.
Further, λ0Value is to be less than 10 more than 1, and often step is arranged to 0.01, and rigidity s values are calculated respectively, look for
To the corresponding λ of greater stiffness0.That is λ0=1, λ0=1.01, λ0Rigidity s values are calculated when=1.02 respectively, therefrom select larger
The corresponding λ of rigidity0.Step-length is arranged to 0.01, has both met and has found the corresponding λ of greater stiffness0Requirement, also so that calculation amount not
As for too big.Certainly often step may be set to be 0.02 or 0.005, the setting that can be needed according to different demands.
Further, if stiffness curve is determined as the parabola with peak, then calculate greater stiffness and correspond to
λ0Avoid the need for calculating one by one, and can select quickly to calculate, for example directly select λ0=1, λ0=3, λ0=7, λ0When=10,
The corresponding λ of greater stiffness can quickly be judged according to the slope of stiffness curve0Which section appeared in.So as to reduce
Calculation amount.
Further, when the above method is additionally included in acquisition appropriate rigidity, the oil film of hydrostatic slideway is avoided
Thickness produces larger change, and system charge oil pressure Ps should not have excessive change.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Method using the present invention is true
Determine the optimal liquid resistance ratio of hydrostatic slideway, guide rail is obtained larger rigidity in operating position, used with certain precision grinder
Open hydrostatic sliding way exemplified by, guide rail rigidity can improve 55.73%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hydrostatic slideway schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the stiffness curve of hydrostatic slideway.
Fig. 3 is guide rail oil recess structure dimensional drawing.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
It is hydrostatic slideway schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, wherein 1 is slide unit, 2 be guide rail, and h is represented between slide unit and guide rail
Oil film thickness.With the increase of outer load on slide unit, oil film thickness will necessarily reduce therewith, oil pocket pressure increase, until liquid
Pressure reaches equilibrium state again with outer load.Required outer load when oil film unit thickness changes, is known as oil film rigidity, essence
Close numerically-controlled machine tool generally requires larger rigidity, to improve the machining accuracy of lathe.
Hindered according to liquid theoretical：
In formula：Wherein P is cunning
Platform oil pocket pressure.Wherein system charge oil pressure is Ps, fixer, which hinders, uses capillary restrictor, and liquid resistance is Rc, initial oil film thickness
For h0, the resistance of sealing oil edge liquid is Rh(t), and count 0 moment of sealing oil edge liquid resistance be Rh0, time t moment oil film thickness is h (t).
If slide unit oil pocket area is Ae, then the bearing capacity equation of oil pocket be：
To equation ε derivations, the stiffness equations for obtaining hydrostatic slideway are as follows：
Further simplify stiffness equations to obtain：
In formulaAnalytical formula b, it will be seen that working as
λ is compared in initial liquid resistance0After determining, the rigidity of hydrostatic slideway is only related with ε, drawing λ0Corresponding rigidity is bent when=0.5,1,2,3
Line, hydrostatic slideway stiffness curve as shown in Figure 2.
Figure it is seen that the stiffness curve of hydrostatic slideway is family of curves.Respectively calculate ε=0,0.1,0.2,
0.3rd, 0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1 when the initial liquid resistance of corresponding maximum rigidity, that is, corresponding compare λ0., can from table 1
To find out, corresponding λ0It is different from, it means that choose a definite λ0Only it can take hydrostatic slideway in a certain ε
To maximum rigidity.Following table is table 1, initial liquid resistance ratio-oil film transport ratio corresponding table under maximum rigidity.
| λ0 | 1 | 1.37 | 1.95 | 2.92 | 4.63 | 8 | 15.87 | 37.04 | 125 | 1000 | |
| ε | 0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1 |
| Smax | 0.75K | 0.8333K | 0.9375K | 1.0714K | 1.25K | 1.5K | 1.875K | 2.5K | 3.75K | 7.5K | 0 |
| x | K |
From this table 1, λ0Bigger, the value of Smax is bigger, such as λ0When=1000, Smax is up to 7.5K, but λ0
Bigger, the value of Smax is bigger, but selects excessive λ0, for obtaining an equal amount of oil pocket pressure P, it is necessary to higher
Ps, formula are as followsPs is too big, on the one hand means that system will select higher performance
Oil supply system, the capacity usage ratio that the opposing party also obtains system are too low.It is thus impossible to only consider big rigidity, and should basis
The actual conditions of system, are obtaining appropriate rigidity, avoid the oil film thickness of hydrostatic slideway from producing larger change, together
When also to consider that system charge oil pressure Ps should not have excessive change.
Assuming that it is G1 that hydrostatic slideway bears load under operating mode, guide rail dead weight G2 is moved, then rail oil cavity pressure P：
Open hydrostatic sliding way is sealed using rectangular aperture, and leakage flow is Q during work, then can be calculated guide rail in work
Make the oil film thickness under state：
According to h is calculated, calculate
The ε being calculated brings equation into,λ0Value range is arranged to 1-10,
Often step is arranged to 0.01, passes through mathematical computations, it is possible to obtains the rigidity s values of maximum, and corresponding λ0.Finally obtain work shape
λ is compared in oil film transport ratio ε under state, corresponding maximum rigidity and the resistance of initial liquid0。
By taking the open hydrostatic sliding way that certain precision grinder uses as an example, oil recess structure size such as Fig. 3, wherein B=
150mm, b1=30mm, L=1000mm, l1=100mm.Workbench weight M1=500kg, workpiece weight M2=1500kg, hydraulic pressure
Oil viscosity μ=19.7 × 104Pas, oil film original depth h0=0.035mm.Leakage flow Q is 0.26L/min during work.
Guide rail work when oil pocket pressure be：
Oil film thickness during work is：
Oil film transport ratio when then working is：
According to rigidity formula b, λ is calculated0When=4.977, Smax=1.2805.At this time, guide rail rigidity reaches maximum,
Calculated according to oil pocket pressure formula, obtain the oil pocket pressure P=0.4999Ps under working status.
Work as λ0S=0.7136, P=0.8327Ps during=1, ε=0.4143.
As it can be seen that compare λ0=1, as selection λ0=4.977, in ε=0.4143, guide rail rigidity improves guide rail
55.73%, but the depression of bearing force of guide rail 39.95%.While rigidity is improved, it is seen then that guide rail bearing capacity, which has, to be fixed
Drop, and the increasing degree of rigidity is more than the fall of bearing capacity.Larger liquid resistance ratio is chosen, although making guide rail in operating position
Larger rigidity is obtained, but makes the depression of bearing force of guide rail in an initial condition larger, meanwhile, excessive liquid resistance ratio improves
The charge oil pressure of system, increases the spill losses of system, to energy saving unfavorable.Thus in actual production, it can fit as needed
Degree chooses initial liquid resistance ratio, seeks an equalization point between rigidity and bearing capacity.It should generally select as the case may be, because
While rigidity is improved, necessity will improve system charge oil pressure, also increase in the energy loss for obtaining high rigidity simultaneity factor
.As the quality requirement to institute's converted products is higher, the surcharge of product is high, then should be to improve rigidity as primary goal, instead
If it is general to product quality requirement, while rigidity improves, the charge oil pressure of system is also taken into account, in economic aspect
Reach balance.So that while the guide rail rigidity needed for production is obtained, preferable bearing capacity is also obtained.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. method of the optimal liquid resistance ratio of definite hydrostatic slideway, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Step 1: Oil pocket parameter during guide rail work is obtained, calculates oil pocket pressure when guide rail works so as to obtain oil film displacement during guide rail work Rate；Step 2: obtaining the corresponding initial liquid resistances of larger rigidity value s according to the oil film transport ratio being calculated compares λ0；The step 2 is specially：Oil film transport ratio according to being calculated obtains the corresponding initial liquid resistances of larger rigidity value s Compare λ0；Oil film transport ratio when wherein ε is the guide rail work that step 1 obtains；λ0Value To be less than 10 more than 1,AeFor the area of oil pocket upper surface, h0For oil film original depth, Ps is that system supplies oil pressure Power；The process of oil film transport ratio when guide rail work is obtained in the step 1 specifically includes following step：Step S11, root The oil film thickness of guide rail in the operating condition is calculated according to leakage flow Q during work；Wherein μ is Hydraulic oil viscosity；Δ P is the difference of rectangle oil cavity pressure and rectangle sealing oil edge outside pressure；B is rectangle oil pocket width and rectangle The sum of width of sealing oil edge, L are the sum of length of rectangle oil pocket length and rectangle sealing oil edge, b1For the width of rectangle sealing oil edge, l1 For the length of rectangle sealing oil edge；Step S12, the oil film thickness h under the working status obtained according to step S11, is calculated and leads Oil film transport ratio when rail worksh0For initial oil film thickness, h be in working condition under oil film thickness；It is described Method further includes the load G1 born according to guide rail under operating mode and guide rail dead weight G2, calculates rail oil cavity pressure P；
- 2. the method for the optimal liquid resistance ratio of definite hydrostatic slideway as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that 0 values of λ To be less than 10 more than 1, often step is arranged to 0.01, and rigidity s values are calculated respectively, find the corresponding λ of greater stiffness0。
- 3. the method for the optimal liquid resistance ratio of definite hydrostatic slideway as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that bent according to rigidity The slope of line judges the corresponding λ of greater stiffness0The section of appearance.
- 4. the method for the optimal liquid resistance ratio of definite hydrostatic slideway as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method is also It is included in when obtaining appropriate rigidity, avoids the oil film thickness of hydrostatic slideway from producing larger change, and system supplies Oil pressure PsThere should not be excessive change.
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| CN107695706A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-16 | 齐齐哈尔雷昂重工机械制造有限责任公司 | High speed major diameter workbench hydrostatic slideway hydraulic fluid chamber |
| CN111322511B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-08-24 | 南京工程学院 | Method for detecting lubricating performance of oil film in constant linear velocity operation of static pressure rotary table |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201531527U (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2010-07-21 | 北京工业大学 | Static pressure oil pad with damping flow passage oil cavity and damping type oil sealing edge |
| JP2010266065A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-25 | Ind Technol Res Inst | Rigid self-compensating hydrostatic planar bearing device, and method therefor |
| CN102147320A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-10 | 西安理工大学 | Method and device for testing axial rigidity and radial rigidity of rotary hydrostatic guide rail |
| CN103899646A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 西安理工大学 | Liquid static pressure guide rail provided with magnetorheological damper |
| CN103909469A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-09 | 湖大海捷(湖南)工程技术研究有限公司 | Thin-film restrictor hybrid bearing for roll grinder grinding wheel spindle |
-
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- 2016-07-27 CN CN201610597371.1A patent/CN106195006B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010266065A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2010-11-25 | Ind Technol Res Inst | Rigid self-compensating hydrostatic planar bearing device, and method therefor |
| CN201531527U (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2010-07-21 | 北京工业大学 | Static pressure oil pad with damping flow passage oil cavity and damping type oil sealing edge |
| CN102147320A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-10 | 西安理工大学 | Method and device for testing axial rigidity and radial rigidity of rotary hydrostatic guide rail |
| CN103899646A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-02 | 西安理工大学 | Liquid static pressure guide rail provided with magnetorheological damper |
| CN103909469A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-09 | 湖大海捷(湖南)工程技术研究有限公司 | Thin-film restrictor hybrid bearing for roll grinder grinding wheel spindle |
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