CN106191374A - Metal Production nanometer additive and using method thereof - Google Patents
Metal Production nanometer additive and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106191374A CN106191374A CN201610552772.5A CN201610552772A CN106191374A CN 106191374 A CN106191374 A CN 106191374A CN 201610552772 A CN201610552772 A CN 201610552772A CN 106191374 A CN106191374 A CN 106191374A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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Abstract
The present invention provides Metal Production nanometer additive and using method thereof.The Metal Production nanometer additive of the present invention comprises nanometer additive powder, the particle diameter of nanometer additive powder is less than or equal to 100 nanometers, wherein, any one powder during nanometer additive powder is aluminium sesquioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder, titanium nitride powder, Zirconium oxide powder, vanadium nitride powder and silicon carbide powder or the mixed-powder of any various powders.In the using method of the Metal Production nanometer additive of the present invention, when metal to be produced is in molten condition, Metal Production nanometer additive is joined in the metal being in molten condition, wherein, determine the addition of Metal Production nanometer additive relative to the proportionate relationship that mass percent is 0.02% ~ 1% of metal according to nanometer additive powder.Use Metal Production nanometer additive and the using method thereof of the present invention, it is possible to promote the ultra-fine crystallization of metal material, thus contribute to improving the intensity of metal and toughness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the additive used in metal production process, particularly relate to contribute to improving the intensity of metal and tough
The Metal Production nanometer additive of property and using method thereof.
Background technology
In the Fe metal material such as comprising steel, the grain size of the tissue of such as ferrite etc. to the intensity of steel and
Toughness has significant impact.In general, the particle diameter of crystal grain is the least, and intensity and the toughness of steel are the highest.According to grain size
The grading of standard, 1～3 grade of grain size (diameter 250 microns～125 microns) is coarse-grain, 4～6 grades of (diameters 88 microns～44 micro-
Rice) it is medium-grain, 7～8 grades (diameter 31 microns～22 microns) is thin brilliant.Intensity and the toughness of fine-grained steel are superior to coarse-grain
Steel.
Owing to steel to high-intensity high-tenacity exists demand widely in market, therefore, how to improve the grain size etc. of steel
The technical problem that level (the most how making crystal grain refine) is the most popular.Especially expectation realizes crystal grain diameter below 10 microns
Ultrafine Grained Steel.
Can promote that the means that crystal grain refines have a lot, most commonly seen is the heat treatment of such as quenching etc..Such as, at steel
In the plate operation of rolling, first it can be made to soften, then heating steel billet to higher temperature (being such as heated to 1150 DEG C ~ 1270 DEG C)
Carry out high temperature forging and form it into the tabular with predetermined thickness, next utilize the liquid such as water to make it cool down rapidly, thus
To steel plate.Fe element in steel plate crystallizes in cooling procedure and solidifies.If rate of cooling is sufficiently fast, then formed by Fe element
Crystal the most do not have enough time the most coagulation forming of growing up, such that it is able to realize the refinement of crystal grain.
But, the limitation that metal material crystal grain is refined by traditional quenching mode.Its reason is: first, quenching
It is to carry out lowering the temperature, therefore by making the metal being heated to high temperature (such as, more than 800 DEG C) contact with the aqueous phase being in room temperature
The cooling rate of metal is restricted by the heat transfer speed between metal and water, it is impossible to infinitely shorten temperature fall time；Secondly, gold
The material rate of cooling belonging to material surface is fast, and the rate of cooling of the material of core is slow, the most inevitably causes metal
The grain size number of material core can be less than the grain size number of steel surface.
Such as in other metal material of copper, aluminum etc., there is also similar problem.Therefore, it is desirable to go out to be now able to improve gold
Belong to intensity and the technological means of toughness of material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of Metal Production nanometer additive and using method thereof, and the present invention can promote metal material
Grain refining, thus contribute to improving the intensity of metal and toughness.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of Metal Production nanometer additive, wherein comprises nanometer additive powder, institute
The particle diameter stating nanometer additive powder is less than or equal to 100 nanometers, and wherein, described nanometer additive powder is aluminium oxide powder
Any one powder in end, titanium dioxide powder, titanium nitride powder, Zirconium oxide powder, vanadium nitride powder and silicon carbide powder or
The arbitrarily mixed-powder of various powders.
Size reaches the aluminium sesquioxide powder of nano-particle rank (i.e., particle diameter is less than or equal to 100 nanometers), titanium oxide powder
Granule in end, titanium nitride powder, Zirconium oxide powder, vanadium nitride powder and silicon carbide powder belongs to Hard Inclusion, and fusing point is high, stable
Property is good.When in the molten metal (such as molten steel) joining molten condition, the granule of these powder, as heterogeneous nucleus, adds
The quantity of core, shortens the crystal grain free growth time in liquid, grows up crystal grain and serve inhibitory action, thus promote
Enter structure refinement, serve the effect of inovulant.Different from conventional inovulant, aluminium sesquioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder, nitrogen
The addition changing titanium powder, Zirconium oxide powder, vanadium nitride powder and silicon carbide powder is little, promotes the effect of structure refinement more
Substantially.In the metal materials such as Fe, Cu or Al, when expectation obtains the ultrafine grain metal material of less than 10 microns diameters, need
The particle diameter making the microparticle as crystal grain core is less than or equal to 100 nanometers.So, can not only obtain particle diameter less than 10 microns
Metallic element thin brilliant, additionally it is possible to make the impurity in metal also be formed and be closely sized to 10 microns or crystalline substance below 10 microns
Grain, thus improve the quality of metal material further, promote the grain refining of metal material, improve intensity and the toughness of metal.
Preferably, described Metal Production nanometer additive also comprises the metal ingredient corresponding with metal to be produced,
The particle diameter that is formed at least partially of described metal ingredient is less than or equal to the metal dust of 100 nanometers.Preferably, in unit bodies
In long-pending described Metal Production nanometer additive, the amounts of particles of described metal dust more than described nanometer additive powder
Grain quantity, and described nanometer additive powder is uniformly mixed together each other with described metal dust.Preferably, in unit
In the described Metal Production nanometer additive of volume, the amounts of particles of described metal dust and described nanometer additive powder
The ratio of grain quantity is more than or equal to 7 to 3.Preferably, at the described nanometer additive powder being uniformly mixed together each other and
In described metal dust, in the way of preventing the particle agglomeration in bulk of described nanometer additive powder, utilize described metal dust
The granule of described nanometer additive powder is separated by granule.
In order to ensure the facilitation that metal structure is refined by nanometer additive powder, it is desirable to the grain of nanometer additive powder
Footpath is maintained at desired being less than or equal in the range of 100 nanometers.Utilization is the greater number (amounts of particles) of nano-particle equally
Metal dust uniformly mix with nanometer additive powder so that the granule of nanometer additive powder is spaced apart from each other, from
Without the rough sledding of the particle agglomeration in bulk of nanometer additive powder occurs.Wherein, the amounts of particles of nano metal powder
When being more than or equal to 7 to 3 with the ratio of the amounts of particles of nanometer additive powder, easily make the granule of nanometer additive powder each other
Spaced apart, reduce the mixed uniformly difficulty of powder particle.
Preferably, described Metal Production nanometer additive has the knot of the medicated core tubulose including medicated core portion and protection skin zone
Structure, wherein, described protection skin zone is formed as the tubulose of hollow by the metal corresponding with metal to be produced, and described medicated core portion holds
It is contained in the space in described protection skin zone, and described nanometer additive powder and described metal dust are placed in described medicated core portion
In.It is highly preferred that described protection skin zone be made up of metal sheet, described metal sheet for have 0.3mm ~ 0.8mm thickness with
The metal tape of 10mm ~ 30mm width.
Use the structure of above-mentioned medicated core tubulose, contribute to storing Metal Production nanometer additive.When determining additive
After consumption (such as, quality), the consumption of additive can be converted into length or the weight of medicated core pipe easily, consequently facilitating
Operator grasps the consumption of additive.It addition, the structure of medicated core tubulose can also facilitate operator add during not
The disconnected nanometer additive that changes joins the position in motlten metal, thus obtains the input effect being more uniformly distributed.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described nanometer additive powder is less than or equal to 40 nanometers.
The particle diameter of nanometer additive powder is the least, the most easily realizes the grain refining of metal material and ultra-fine crystallization.It addition, work as
When the particle diameter of nanometer additive powder is less than or equal to 40 nanometer, even if owing to nanometer additive powder and metal dust mix not
Uniformly the phenomenon of the particle agglomeration in bulk of a part of additive powder occurs, also easily by the oarse-grained grain after reunion in bulk
Footpath controls below 100 nanometers, such that it is able to reduce the technological requirement to powder mixing, makes production difficulty reduce.
Preferably, the metal using described Metal Production nanometer additive when producing is Fe, Cu or Al etc..
A second aspect of the present invention provides the using method of a kind of Metal Production nanometer additive, wherein, employs as above
Any one described Metal Production nanometer additive, receives described Metal Production when metal to be produced is in molten condition
Rice additive joins in the described metal being in molten condition, or by described before melted described metal to be produced
Metal Production nanometer additive joins in the container of described metal for holding molten condition, wherein, according to described nanometer
Additive powder determines described gold relative to the proportionate relationship that mass percent is 0.02% ~ 1% of described metal to be produced
Belong to the addition producing nanometer additive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows yield strength σ of nanometer additive powder addition (mass percent) and steelb(MPa), Bu Shi
Hardness (HB) and ballistic work Ak(J cm2Relation curve between).
Fig. 2 shows the micro-of the steel that obtains after adding nanometer additive powder according to different ratio (mass percent)
Metallographic structure.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram in the length direction cross section of the medicated core pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the transverse section of the medicated core pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram manufacturing equipment of the medicated core pipe of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the detailed description of the invention of the present invention referring to the drawings in detail.Noting, detailed description below is only used for
Exemplarily illustrating, the scope of the present invention is interpreted as claims limited range.
First embodiment
Produce nanometer additive and illustrate as first embodiment of the present invention being applicable to the steel of Fe metal material below.
As a rule, the approach of Fe metal material raising intensity mainly has 4:
(1) it is dissolved in matrix by alloying element and interstitial element atom and produces solution strengthening.It is right that this mode is applicable to
Some position in steel is strengthened.
(2) dislocation motion difficulty (dislocation strengthening) when dislocation density causes steel to carry is increased by machining deformation.This
Mode is applicable to strengthen steel along a direction.
(3) make dislocation pass crystal boundary by crystal grain refinement to be obstructed generation refined crystalline strengthening.
(4) dislocation generation bowing (Ao Luowan machine is made by the second phase (generally Mx (C. N) y precipitated phase or disperse phase)
System) and generation precipitation strength of being obstructed.
In these 4 kinds of strengthening approach, (3rd) plants strengthening approach, the i.e. refined crystalline strengthening strengthening effect in general structural steel
Substantially, also it is the approach that simultaneously increases of unique strength and toughness.Other 3 kinds of strengthening approach show as while intensity increases
Toughness or plasticity can decline.
Such as, when ferrite grain size is 20 μm, yield strength σ of common ironbIt is 200MPa rank, if by ferrum
Ferritic crystallite dimension refine to the degree of below 5 μm, yield strength σbJust can improve about one times, reach 400MPa rank.As
Fruit can will have the microstructure thinning of the steel of low-carbon bainite or acicular ferrite to the degree below 2 μm, and surrender is strong
Degree σbAbout one times can also be improved again, reach 800MPa rank.Therefore development Ultrafine Grained Steel has for the performance improving steel
There is very important meaning.
Crystal grain refinement mode make intensity raise while also makes ductile-brittle transition temperature reduce, i.e. can make simultaneously intensity with
Toughness improves.Refined crystalline strengthening is because crystal grain refinement and creates more crystal boundary, and the crystal grain on crystal boundary both sides orientation is different and complete
Irregular, atomic arrangement herein is the most disorderly.Therefore, when plastic deformation travels to neighboring die from a crystal grain, by
Big in crystal boundary resistance, the most relatively difficult through crystal boundary, meanwhile, after crystal boundary, glide direction or direction of crack propagation change again
Becoming, deformation and cracks can spread with intracrystalline compare, and this should pass crystal boundary, changes nyctitropic deformation again and cracks can spread will
Consume the biggest energy.So crystal grain is the most tiny, the energy that plastic deformation (crackle) consumes is the biggest, and the intensity of steel is the highest and tough
Property is the best.
The steel that present embodiment provides produces nanometer additive can promote the ultra-fine crystallization of steel.It should be noted that
The general particulate matter by particle diameter within 100 nanometers is referred to as nano-particle.Due to Metal Production additive (this reality in the present invention
Execute in mode and produce additive for steel) in, the particle diameter for the additive powder granule of inhibiting grain growth is received less than or equal to 100
Rice, so being referred to as Metal Production nanometer additive (steel production nanometer additive).
The steel of present embodiment produces the Fe composition comprising nanometer additive powder and surplus in nanometer additive,.Here,
As in the Fe composition of surplus, a part of Fe composition is formed the particle diameter form less than or equal to the powder of 100 nanometers, another
Part Fe composition is formed the form of protection skin zone described later.Nanometer additive powder can be aluminium oxide powder end, oxygen
Change titanium powder, titanium nitride powder, Zirconium oxide powder, vanadium nitride powder and the mixed-powder of carborundum (SiC) powder.Need note
Meaning, it can be one or any many in above-mentioned powder that the steel of present embodiment produces the nanometer additive powder in additive
The mixed-powder planted.
During depositing, the granule of nanometer additive powder is reunited in bulk the most each other, thus actual size occurs
More than the powder particle of 100 nanometers, cause the adverse effect to Additive Properties.To this end, the steel in unit volume produces nanometer
In additive, nanometer Fe powder and nanometer additive powder are more than or equal to the ratio of 7 to 3 according to the ratio of amounts of particles, in case
Only the mode of the particle agglomeration in bulk of nanometer additive powder is uniformly mixed together each other.In the most mixed powder,
Nanometer additive granule can be separated by Fe granule.
Easy to understand, in the case of the amounts of particles of nanometer additive powder is certain, the amounts of particles of Fe powder is the most,
The particle agglomeration in bulk of nanometer additive powder is more prevented easily by uniformly mixing.It addition, in additive, at content
On the premise of the grain refining of Fe material or ultra-fine crystallization will not being caused unacceptable impact, it is allowed to there is the additive of trace
The reunion block of powder.
The particle diameter of nanometer additive powder can be less than or equal to 40 nanometers, the quality hundred in Metal Production nanometer additive
Proportion by subtraction is less than or equal to 1%.It addition, the steel of present embodiment produces can contain the grain refining to steel or super in nanometer additive
The trace impurity that grain refining not adversely affects.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the steel production nanometer additive of present embodiment can be manufactured with and include medicated core portion
20 and the structure of medicated core tubulose of protection skin zone 10, wherein, protection skin zone 10 is formed as the tubulose of hollow, and medicated core portion 20 is contained in
In protection skin zone 10.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram manufacturing equipment of the medicated core pipe of the present invention.Hopper 100 accommodates and is used for forming medicated core
The nanometer additive powder in portion 20.Protection skin zone 10 is formed with steel band 600.In Fig. 5, steel band 600 is from one end (figure of the equipment of manufacture
Left side in 5) it is first delivered at U-type groove roll 200 so that and steel band 600 is rolled into U-type groove shape.Then U will be rolled into
The steel band 600 of type groove shape is delivered at lower powder groove 300.Hopper 100 is installed on above lower powder groove 300.The steel band of U-type groove shape
600 when passing through at lower powder groove 300, and the nanometer additive powder in hopper 100 can be inserted in U-type groove.Then steel band 600 is suitable
Sequence is delivered to close up at roll stacks 400 and molding roller group 500.Close up the roll stacks 400 U to having filled in nanometer additive powder
Type groove closes up so that the notch Guan Bi of U-type groove.The profile of the U-type groove after closing up is processed further by molding roller 500,
It is made to become the medicated core pipe in the cross section having as shown in Figure 4.
Protection skin zone 10 is made up of Fe sheet material.Fe sheet material for example, has 0.3mm ~ 0.8mm thickness and 10mm ~ 30mm width
Metal tape.The external diameter of protection skin zone can be 1mm ~ 16mm.The steel of medicated core tubulose produces nanometer additive can be made as dish
Shape, the weight of each dish can be such as 5kg ~ 150kg.Load in bucket furthermore it is also possible to steel to be produced additive.
When applying steel to produce nanometer additive, it is possible to promote the thin brilliant of steel tissue under the conditions of traditional heat treatment
Change, thus obtain crystallite dimension Ultrafine Grained Steel below 10 microns.
Aluminium sesquioxide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, zirconium oxide, vanadium nitride and SiC etc. are structural ceramic materials, are promoting
The ultra-fine crystallization aspect of the metal material of such as steel etc. has similar effect.Following description aluminium sesquioxide is to Fe in steel
The impact of composition.
Aluminium sesquioxide, as structural ceramic material, has that hardness is high, elevated temperature strength is big, creep-resistant property good, chemically-resistant
The excellent properties such as burn into antioxygenic property is good, thermal coefficient of expansion is little, high thermoconductivity.Owing to aluminium oxide powder is with many
Metal and nonmetal oxide are respectively provided with good chemical compatibility, therefore may be used for preparing Metal Substrate, ceramic base and polymerization
Thing based composites, and show the performance of excellence.
Aluminium sesquioxide powder is added in steel, can have following advantageous effects.First, aluminium sesquioxide is high
Hardness granule, can be as the friction component improving steel surface layer abrasion-proof.Secondly, aluminium sesquioxide granule is little, and quantity is many, and
And with being tightly combined of steel matrix, difficult drop-off, therefore to the dispersion hardening effect of steel matrix clearly, add a small amount of
Aluminium sesquioxide powder just can remarkably promote the ultra-fine crystallization of steel.Again, aluminium sesquioxide granule is dispersed in steel base
As wear-resistant particle in body, the wearability of steel can be improved.
The research of the performance of steel powder reinforced to nano-aluminium oxide shows, nano-aluminium oxide powder melts at ferrum
Liquid serves the effect of inovulant, simultaneously again as heterogeneous forming core, adds nucleus number so that ferrum liquation can be less
Degree of supercooling under crystallize, thus refined crystal grain, promoted the ultra-fine crystallization of steel, improve mechanical property and the mar proof of steel
Energy.
Essentially, the effect of above-mentioned inovulant be primarily referred to as affecting steel nucleation process and promote Crystal detachment with
Crystal grain thinning.Common inovulant can be divided into two classes by its effect: nucleating agent and the strong constitutional supercooling of strengthening Heterogeneous Nucleation are first
Element inovulant.
Nucleating agent is usually some and has high-melting-point substances corresponding to interface coherence or similar metal particle mutually with being intended to refine.
They can promote heterogeneous nucleation in liquid metal.Additionally, some nucleating agent can be formed more stable with some element in liquid phase
Compound, and these compounds can promote Heterogeneous Nucleation or can cause the enrichment of the biggest microcell in the liquid phase and make crystallization
Shift to an earlier date disperse educt mutually.
The Main Function of strong constitutional supercooling element inovulant is to make crystal grain root and dendrite root in the enrichment of crystallization front
Portion produces tiny necking down, promotes Crystal detachment.The strongest constitutional supercooling also can make Heterogeneous Nucleation strengthen, and the enrichment of inovulant
Inhibit grain growth thus be advantageously implemented ultra-fine crystallization.
Following description SiC is on the impact of carbon component in steel.
Containing a certain proportion of carbon in steel.Such as, (carbon content is 0.04 matter generally by phosphorus content, steel to be divided into mild steel
Amount % ~ 0.25 mass %), medium carbon steel (carbon content is 0.25 mass % ~ 0.6 mass %), high-carbon steel (carbon content be 0.6 mass % ~
1.35 mass %).
In the microstructure of steel, carbon can form graphite nodule.Generally in the case of not stressing, graphite nodule and surrounding matrix
Connection preferable.When, after graphite nodule stress, owing to the hardness of graphite nodule is the lowest, the tissue of steel being similar to the structures such as hole,
Therefore, the local organization at graphite nodule place is elongated, and becomes important microcrack initiation source.During stress, in the most a certain region
The micro-crack that formed of graphite nodule connected to each other, will form bigger crackle, thus the hardness affecting steel is (strong
Degree) and toughness.
As it was previously stated, after refined crystalline strengthening, create more crystal boundary.When plastic deformation travels to phase from a crystal grain
During vincial faces grain, the biggest energy to be consumed.So crystal grain is the most tiny, graphite nodule the micro-crack formed just is less susceptible to diffusion,
Thus the intensity of steel is the highest and toughness is the best.After adding the SiC powder that particle diameter is less than or equal to 100 nanometers, can substantially contain graphite
The micro-crack that ball is formed is to steel strength and the adverse effect of toughness.If the particle diameter of SiC powder is less than or equal to 60 nanometers, especially
When being less than equal to 40 nanometer, the most almost can ignore the micro-crack of graphite nodule formation to steel strength and the unfavorable shadow of toughness
Ring.
Knowable to above-mentioned principle, after have employed the steel production nanometer additive of present embodiment, promote steel in cooling
Grain refining in process of setting.Even if the technique that the heat treatment phases such as employing and traditional quenching are same, it is also possible to obtain comparing conventional steel
The steel of material more grain refining.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, illustrate that the steel of present embodiment produces the effect of nanometer additive.
Fig. 1 show the steel of above-mentioned first embodiment is produced nanometer additive according to different proportion (such as, according to
SiC is relative to the mass percent of steel) when adding in GB rustless steel 0Cr18Ni9, the addition of nanometer additive powder
Yield strength σ of (mass percent) and steelb(MPa), Brinell hardness (HB) and ballistic work Ak(J cm2Relation between)
Curve.Here, ballistic work AkRefer to steel when carrying out nick break test, Charpy impact consumption energy on sample, its
Unit is J cm2.Ballistic work AkNumerical value is the highest, represents that the toughness of material is the best.
Experimental condition in Fig. 1 is as follows.
Test raw material is cast austenitic stainless 0Cr18Ni9, and its chemical composition (mass percent) is: 0.079C,
1.22Mn, 0.69Si, 0.007S, 0.033P, 18.02Cr, 8.20Ni.Use medium-frequency induction furnace melting, smelting temperature 1600
℃.Respectively the steel that mass fraction is 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1% being produced nanometer additive powder and put in tundish, molten steel rushes
Stand 3 minutes after entering, be then poured in the shell mould of a size of φ 30mm × 260mm, obtain four groups of differences after natural cooling and receive
The rustless steel sample of rice SiC powder content, and it is carried out solution treatment.
Carrying out tension test with WDW3300 micro-control electronic universal tester, tensile sample size meets GB/T228-2002；
Carrying out impact test with semi-automatic shock machine JB-300C, impact specimen size meets GB/T229-1994, uses HB-3000
Ball hardness testing machine detection hardness, observes the metallographic structure of sample with BX51M microscope；And it is electric with the scanning of JSM-6360LV type
Sem observation fracture apperance.
The steel carrying out present embodiment as follows produces the interpolation of nanometer additive.It is in molten condition at steel
Time, steel is produced in the molten steel that nanometer additive joins molten condition, wherein, according to nanometer additive powder relative to molten steel
Mass percent be the proportionate relationship more than 0.02% and less than or equal to 1%, be preferably greater than 0.02% and less than or equal to 0.1%
Proportionate relationship determines that the steel needing to add produces the addition of nanometer additive.It is apparent that at addition from Fig. 1
When being in the range of aforementioned proportion relation, yield strength σ of steel can be madeb, hardness and toughness is significantly improved.
Fig. 2 is the photograph of Q235 steel as-cast microstructure after the nanometer additive powder of interpolation different content (mass percent)
Sheet.
(a) of Fig. 2 shows situation when not adding nanometer additive powder, (b) of Fig. 2 shows interpolation nanometer
The mass percent of additive powder is situation when 0.01%, shows the matter adding nanometer additive powder in (c) of Fig. 2
Amount percentage ratio is situation when 0.05%, shows that the mass percent adding nanometer additive powder is 0.1% in (d) of Fig. 2
Time situation.
By comparing it can be seen that after adding different amounts of nanometer additive powder, Q235 structure of steel also exists the biggest
Difference.The tissue of the sample not adding nanometer additive powder is mainly ferrite.After adding nanometer additive powder, steel
Microstructure be pearlite and ferrite；Along with nanometer additive powder addition increases, content of pearlite in alloy is gradually increased, group
Knit more refinement, uniform, fine and close.
Along with the increase of nanometer additive powder addition, the mechanical property of Q235 steel improves, wherein the carrying of impact flexibility
Height is the most obvious.(d) of Fig. 2 has been respectively increased 19% and 194% compared to (a) of Fig. 2, the elongation percentage of steel and impact flexibility.
It addition, test shows, after adding steel production nanometer additive, the bearing capacity of Q235 steel have also been obtained enhancing.
In Fig. 2, when load is less than 200N, the abrasion resistance properties of the sample of (d) of Fig. 2 is preferable；When load is more than 200N, Fig. 2's
C the abrasion resistance properties of the sample of () is preferable.
Second embodiment
Present embodiment is using Cu as metal to be produced with the difference of the first embodiment.Correspondingly, this embodiment party
The Metal Production nanometer additive of formula is that copper produces nanometer additive, wherein, have employed Cu and replaces the Fe in the first embodiment.
Remaining aspect of present embodiment is all identical with the first embodiment, and therefore omits its repeat specification.
3rd embodiment
Present embodiment is using Al as metal to be produced with the difference of the first embodiment.Correspondingly, this embodiment party
The Metal Production nanometer additive of formula is that aluminum produces nanometer additive, wherein, have employed Al and replaces the Fe in the first embodiment.
Remaining aspect of present embodiment is all identical with the first embodiment, and therefore omits its repeat specification.
Although illustrating the present invention with reference to illustrative embodiments, but it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to institute public
The illustrative embodiments opened.The scope of claims should meet broadest explanation, with comprise all these modification, etc.
Same 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.
Claims (10)
1. a Metal Production nanometer additive, it is characterised in that
Comprising nanometer additive powder in described Metal Production nanometer additive, the particle diameter of described nanometer additive powder is less than
In 100 nanometers, wherein, described nanometer additive powder is aluminium sesquioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder, titanium nitride powder, oxidation
Any one powder in zirconium powder, vanadium nitride powder and silicon carbide powder or the mixed-powder of any various powders.
Metal Production nanometer additive the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described Metal Production nanometer additive also comprises the metal ingredient corresponding with metal to be produced, described metal ingredient
Be formed particle diameter at least partially less than or equal to the metal dust of 100 nanometers.
Metal Production nanometer additive the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the described Metal Production nanometer additive of unit volume, the amounts of particles of described metal dust adds more than described nanometer
Add the amounts of particles of agent powder, and described nanometer additive powder be uniformly mixed together each other with described metal dust,
In the described nanometer additive powder being uniformly mixed together each other and described metal dust, to prevent described nanometer from adding
The mode of the particle agglomeration in bulk of agent powder utilize the granule of described metal dust by the granule of described nanometer additive powder every
Open.
Metal Production nanometer additive the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
In the described Metal Production nanometer additive of unit volume, the amounts of particles of described metal dust adds with described nanometer
The ratio of the amounts of particles of agent powder is more than or equal to 7 to 3.
Metal Production nanometer additive the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
Described Metal Production nanometer additive has the structure of the medicated core tubulose including medicated core portion and protection skin zone, wherein, described
Protection skin zone is formed as the tubulose of hollow by the metal corresponding with metal to be produced, and described medicated core portion is contained in described protection
In space in skin zone, and described nanometer additive powder and described metal dust are placed in described medicated core portion；Described metal
The structure of process equipment producing nanometer additive is: this processing set include hopper (100), U-type groove roller assembly (200), under
Powder groove (300), close up roll stacks (400) and close up roll stacks (400)；
Wherein, described U-type groove roller assembly (200), close up roll stacks (400) and close up roll stacks (400) the most successively
Arranging, described lower powder groove (300) is arranged on described U-type groove roller assembly (200) and closes up between roll stacks (400), described material
Bucket (100) is arranged on the vertical direction of described lower powder groove (300), during use, formation protection skin zone's steel band (600) is set from manufacture
Standby one end is first delivered to U-type groove roll (200) place so that steel band (600) is rolled into U-type groove shape, then will rolling
The steel band (600) becoming U-type groove shape is delivered to lower powder groove (300) place, and the steel band (600) of U-type groove shape is from lower powder groove (300)
Place by time, the nanometer additive powder in hopper (100) can insert in U-type groove, and then steel band (600) is sequentially delivered to conjunction
Hold together roll stacks (400) and close up roll stacks (400) place, closing up roll stacks 400 and the U-type groove having filled in nanometer additive powder is entered
Row closes up so that the notch Guan Bi of U-type groove, i.e. obtains Metal Production nanometer additive structure.
Metal Production nanometer additive the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
Described protection skin zone is made up of metal sheet, and described metal sheet is for having 0.3mm ~ 0.8mm thickness and 10mm ~ 30mm width
The metal tape of degree.
Metal Production nanometer additive the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The particle diameter of described nanometer additive powder is less than or equal to 40 nanometers.
Metal Production nanometer additive the most according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that make when producing
It is Fe, Cu or Al with the metal of described Metal Production nanometer additive.
9. a using method for Metal Production nanometer additive, wherein, employs according to institute any one of claim 1 to 8
The Metal Production nanometer additive stated, it is characterised in that
When metal to be produced is in molten condition, described Metal Production nanometer additive is joined and be in molten condition
Described metal in, or before melted described metal to be produced, described Metal Production nanometer additive is joined use
In the container of described metal holding molten condition, wherein,
According to described nanometer additive powder relative to the ratio that the mass percent of described metal to be produced is 0.02% ~ 1%
Example relation determines the addition of described Metal Production nanometer additive.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described nanometer additive powder is relative to institute to be produced
The proportionate relationship that mass percent is 0.02% ~ 0.1% stating metal determines the addition of described Metal Production nanometer additive.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112176146A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-05 | 南京辉腾机械铸造有限公司 | Molten iron smelting additive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104862450A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Method for enabling nano molten iron purifying modifier to be used in austenite ductile cast iron wear-resistant casting |
| CN104862448A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Preparation method applying nano molten iron modificator to high-chrome cast ball |
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| US4832742A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-05-23 | Metal Research Corporation | Flexible refining-agent clad wire for refining molten iron group metal |
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| CN104862450A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-26 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Method for enabling nano molten iron purifying modifier to be used in austenite ductile cast iron wear-resistant casting |
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| CN112176146A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-05 | 南京辉腾机械铸造有限公司 | Molten iron smelting additive and preparation method thereof |
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