CN106191364A - A kind of system and method utilizing wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction to produce granulated iron - Google Patents
A kind of system and method utilizing wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction to produce granulated iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN106191364A CN106191364A CN201610819082.1A CN201610819082A CN106191364A CN 106191364 A CN106191364 A CN 106191364A CN 201610819082 A CN201610819082 A CN 201610819082A CN 106191364 A CN106191364 A CN 106191364A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
Abstract
The present invention relates to chemical industry metallurgical field, be specifically related to a kind of system and method utilizing wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction to produce granulated iron.This system includes: material processing device, preheating and reduction apparatus, thick broken gravity concentration apparatus and mill ore magnetic selection device, wherein: described material processing device has lateritic nickel ore entrance, reduction coal entrance, additive entrance and the outlet of aqueous mixture material；Described preheating and reduction apparatus include: the most adjacent feed zone, drying tube preheating zone, burner on sidewall reducing zone and discharge zone；Described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus includes: the outlet of reducing material entrance, ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings outlet；Described mill screening device includes: one time tailings entrance, ferronickel powder export and the outlet of secondary tailings.The present invention can use wet block directly to enter the flow processing lateritic nickel ore of rotary hearth furnace, obtain tailings is carried out mill again and selects recovery to obtain ferronickel powder, shorten technological process, reduce equipment investment, production cost and energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical industry metallurgical field, be specifically related to a kind of utilize the direct-reduction of wet piece of lateritic nickel ore to produce granulated iron
System and method.
Background technology
Nickel is a kind of important non-ferrous metal, mainly has lateritic nickel ore and nickel sulfide ore to smelt.Due to nickel in recent years
Consumption be continuously increased and nickel sulfide ore reserves constantly reduce, the exploitation of nickel laterite be increasingly subject to pay attention to.Lateritic nickel ore
Being essentially divided into two classes, a class is limonite type, is positioned at the top in mineral deposit, and due to the result of weathering eluviation, ferrum is many, silicon
Few, magnesium is few, and nickel is relatively low, but the amount Han cobalt is higher, and this Ore preferably uses hydrometallurgical processes to process, the slag that smelting ferronickel produces
Production for steel；Another kind of is garnierite, is positioned at the bottom in mineral deposit, due to air slaking be enriched with, the many silicon of nickel minerals, many magnesium, low ferrum,
Cobalt, nickel content is higher, referred to as garnirite, and this Ore preferably uses fire metallurgy process to process, and produces ferronickel and produces
Slag can be used for construction material and produce chemical fertilizer.The Ore being in intermediate layer can use pyrometallurgy, it is also possible to adopts
With hydrometallurgical processes, use in the process of traditional pyrometallurgical smelting ferronickel and all have the disadvantage that process environments pollutes
Seriously, energy consumption is high, runs counter to the restriction of national environmental protection policy and energy policy；Require that ore has higher nickel grade；Revolution
Kiln reduction temperature ring formation low, easy；Produce finished product nickel grade low；Productivity is low.As Chinese patent CN 102212636A discloses one
The iron smelting method that point stove melts point is melted in kind of lateritic nickel ore rotary hearth furnace coal-based direct reduction combustion gas, by lateritic nickel ore and coal and flux
Pelletizing after mixing, dry bulb carries out direct-reduction and obtains metallized pellet in being distributed into rotary hearth furnace, metallized pellet feeding coal gas is made
The molten point stove of the regenerative gas of fuel carries out molten point, finally gives nickelic dilval, and this invention raw material need to carry out pelletizing, baking
Doing and wait pretreatment, complex manufacturing, equipment investment is high.For another example the open one laterite of Chinese patent CN200910136198.5
Nickel minerals is reduced directly the method for nickeliferous granulated iron in tunnel cave, completes according to the following steps: first at the lateritic nickel ore containing absorption water
Middle addition desiccant, is uniformly mixed dehydrate；Then above-mentioned compound is crushed, add reducing agent and grain nickel iron is assembled
Agent, sends into after mix homogeneously and is covered with the tunnel kiln trolley of coke powder, then covers a coke charge powder and carry out reduction roasting, reduction roasting
Time be 1-3 hour；Expect after reduction roasting, through water quenching cooling, broken, ball milling, magnetic separation, just to can get high-grade nickeliferous
Granulated iron alloy, this invention reduction roasting time length needs 1-3 hour, and production efficiency is low, and Feedstock treating need to add desiccant, increases raw
Produce cost.In recent years, some experts and scholar propose the new method of " processing lateritic nickel ore with coal base rotary hearth furnace ", reduction in the industry
Process completes in main equipment rotary hearth furnace, and the most ripe technique mostly is batch mixing, ball processed, is dried etc. and to be distributed into after pretreatment again
Rotary hearth furnace, before rotary hearth furnace reduction, pretreatment process is more complicated, has the technological process of production long, and equipment investment is big, and production cost is high,
The defects such as energy consumption is high, additionally, existing rotary hearth furnace many employings burner formula mode of heating, but owing to material enters Dust Capacity in stove initial stage stove
Relatively big, it is easily caused burner blocking thus affects production direct motion.The most how to design a kind of efficiency height, equipment investment is low and produces energy
Consume the low lateritic nickel ore that processes to produce the system and method for granulated iron and become this area and need badly and solve the technical problem that.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of utilize the direct-reduction of wet piece of lateritic nickel ore to produce granulated iron
System and method.This system has that handling process is short, equipment investment is low, equipment operation rate is high, energy consumption is low, has wide range of applications
Advantage.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The present invention proposes a kind of system utilizing wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction to produce granulated iron.Enforcement according to the present invention
Example, this system includes: material processing device, preheating and reduction apparatus, thick broken gravity concentration apparatus and mill ore magnetic selection device, wherein: institute
Stating material processing device, including the breaker being sequentially connected with, screening plant and mixing arrangement, described material processing device has
Lateritic nickel ore entrance, reduction coal entrance, additive entrance and the outlet of aqueous mixture material, for by described lateritic nickel ore, reduction
Agent and additive mix the most in proportion, obtain aqueous mixture material；After described preheating and reduction apparatus are for transformation
Rotary hearth furnace, including the most adjacent feed zone, drying tube preheating zone, burner on sidewall reducing zone and discharge zone, wherein, described
Be provided with partition wall between drying tube preheating zone and described burner on sidewall reducing zone, described burner on sidewall reducing zone and described discharge zone it
Between be provided with barricade, described partition wall and barricade and downwardly extended by the roof of described rotary hearth furnace, and with the cloth ring of described rotary hearth furnace
Shape furnace bottom keeps certain intervals；Wherein, described drying tube preheating zone is provided with multiple drying tube inside furnace wall, for being dried described
Pipe preheating zone is heated；Described burner on sidewall reducing zone is provided with multiple burner inside furnace wall, for described burner on sidewall also
Former district carries out burner mode heating；Described feed zone is provided with aqueous mixture material entrance, semi-coke entrance, described drying tube preheating zone
Being provided with drying tube thermal source inlet and exhanst gas outlet, described discharge zone is provided with reducing material outlet, described aqueous mixture material entrance
Export with the aqueous mixture material of described material processing device and be connected, for described aqueous mixture material in described preheating and is gone back
It is dried in original device, preheats and reduction treatment, obtain reducing material；Described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus includes: reducing material enters
The outlet of mouth, ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings outlet, described reducing material entrance and described preheating and the reducing material of reduction apparatus
Outlet is connected, and for described reducing material is slightly broken gravity treatment, obtains ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings；Described mill screening device bag
Include: one time tailings entrance, ferronickel powder export and the outlet of secondary tailings, a described tailings entrance and described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus
The outlet of tailings be connected, for a described tailings is carried out mill ore magnetic selection, obtain ferronickel powder and secondary tailings.
Inventor finds, this system according to embodiments of the present invention all uses furnace wall burner on sidewall to add with conventional rotary hearth furnace
The mode of heat is compared, and sets up drying tube preheating zone in the rotary hearth furnace of the present invention, solves material and enters the stove initial stage because Dust Capacity is big
Cause the problem that burner blocks；And the present invention can use wet block directly to enter the flow processing lateritic nickel ore of rotary hearth furnace, will
To a tailings again carry out mill and select recovery to obtain ferronickel powder, shorten technological process, reduce equipment investment, production cost
And energy consumption；Additionally, rotary hearth furnace of the present invention can use regenerative combustion technology, poor quality or low-rank fuel can be used, reduce
Fuel cost, can at home and lack the area popularization of natural gas and high-grade fuel.
According to embodiments of the invention, the horizontal cross-section of described preheating and reduction apparatus is annular, and described drying tube is pre-
Hot-zone annulus angle is 30 °-100 °.
In another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides one and utilize foregoing system to process lateritic nickel ore life
The method producing granulated iron.According to embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the following steps: (1) Feedstock treating: by lateritic nickel ore, go back
Former dose and additive mix after broken, screening in proportion, obtain aqueous mixture material；(2) preheating reduction treatment: pass through
Semi-coke entrance, the furnace bottom at described preheating and reduction apparatus first lays one layer of semi-coke, then by aqueous mixture material to described pre-
Cloth in heat and reduction apparatus, along with described preheating and the operating of reduction apparatus furnace bottom, described aqueous mixture material is successively dry
Be dried in dry pipe preheating zone, the pre-heat treatment, then in described burner on sidewall reducing zone, carry out reduction reaction, then, pass through
Described reducing material outlet discharge obtains reducing material；(3) re-selection process is slightly broken: described reducing material slightly broken at gravity treatment
Reason, obtains ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings；(4) mill ore magnetic selection processes: a described tailings is carried out mill ore magnetic selection process, obtains
Ferronickel powder and secondary tailings.
According to embodiments of the invention, described lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent and additive be gained raw material grain after crushing, sieving
Degree is 10-40mm.
According to embodiments of the invention, described reducing agent is reduction coal.
According to embodiments of the invention, raw material weight proportioning is: lateritic nickel ore 100 weight portion, reduction coal 10-30 weight
Part, additive 5-15 weight portion；Described additive is one or more of limestone, quick lime and hydrolysis carbide slag.
According to embodiments of the invention, the amount of allocating into the basicity to be ensured of described additive, between 0.4-0.7, is preferably
Between 0.5-0.6, wherein, described basicity is the ratio of the mass fraction of following four oxide, i.e. basicity=w (MgO+CaO)/w
(SiO2+ Al2O3 ), w is mass fraction.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the drying tube preheating zone heating of described preheating and reduction apparatus is 600 DEG C-
1000 DEG C, the time is 20-40min；Described reducing zone uses burner on sidewall mode of heating, and reduction temperature is 1350 DEG C-1450 DEG C,
Time is 20-50min.
According to embodiments of the invention, the thickness of described semi-coke is 5-15mm.
The present invention at least has the advantages that
1., compared with the mode that conventional rotary hearth furnace all uses furnace wall burner on sidewall to heat, in the rotary hearth furnace of the present invention, set up drying tube
Preheating zone, solves the problem that material enters the stove initial stage and causes burner to block because Dust Capacity is big.
2. the present invention can use wet block directly to enter the flow processing lateritic nickel ore of rotary hearth furnace, by a tailings obtaining again
The secondary mill that carries out selects recovery to obtain ferronickel powder, shortens technological process, reduces equipment investment, production cost and energy consumption.
Rotary hearth furnace the most of the present invention can use regenerative combustion technology, can use poor quality or low-rank fuel, reduce fuel
Cost, can promote with the area lacking natural gas and high-grade fuel at home.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the present invention transforms rotary hearth furnace.
Fig. 2 is the system schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the process chart of the present invention.
Wherein, feed zone 1, drying tube preheating zone 2, burner on sidewall reducing zone 3, discharge zone 4, flue 5, preheating zone and reduction
Interval partition wall 6, discharge end barricade 7, drying tube 8, burner 9, material processing device S100, lateritic nickel ore entrance 101, reduction coal enters
Mouth 102, additive entrance 103, aqueous mixture material outlet 104, preheating and reduction apparatus S200, aqueous mixture material entrance
201, semi-coke entrance 202, drying tube thermal source inlet 203, reducing material outlet 204, exhanst gas outlet 205, slightly breaks gravity concentration apparatus
S300, reducing material entrance 301, a tailings outlet 302, ferronickel granulated iron outlet 303, grind screening device S400, one time tailings enters
Mouth 401, ferronickel powder outlet 402, secondary tailings outlet 403.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art be more fully understood that technical scheme, below in conjunction with specific embodiment to this
Invention is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not understood that
For limitation of the present invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of system utilizing wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction to produce granulated iron.Reality according to the present invention
Executing example, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the present invention transforms rotary hearth furnace, and Fig. 2 is the system schematic of the present invention, sees figures.1.and.2 shown,
This system includes: material processing device S100, preheating and reduction apparatus S200, thick broken gravity concentration apparatus S300 and mill ore magnetic selection device
S400, wherein: described material processing device has lateritic nickel ore entrance 101, reduction coal entrance 102, additive entrance 103 and contains
Aqueous mixtures material outlet 104, for described lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent and additive are mixed the most in proportion,
To aqueous mixture material；
Described preheating and reduction apparatus include: the most adjacent feed zone 1, drying tube preheating zone 2, burner on sidewall reducing zone 3 and
Discharge zone 4, wherein, described feed zone is provided with aqueous mixture material entrance 201, semi-coke entrance 202, and described drying tube preheating zone sets
Having drying tube thermal source inlet 203 and exhanst gas outlet 205, described discharge zone is provided with reducing material outlet 204, described aqueous mixture
Material entrance exports with the aqueous mixture material of described material processing device and is connected, and is used for described aqueous mixture material described pre-
It is dried in heat and reduction apparatus, preheats and reduction treatment, obtain reducing material；Described reducing material is through described thick broken gravity treatment
Device obtains ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings, then obtains ferronickel powder and secondary tailings through described mill screening device.
Inventor finds, this system according to embodiments of the present invention all uses furnace wall burner on sidewall to add with conventional rotary hearth furnace
The mode of heat is compared, and sets up drying tube preheating zone in the rotary hearth furnace of the present invention, solves material and enters the stove initial stage because Dust Capacity is big
Cause the problem that burner blocks；And the present invention can use wet block directly to enter the flow processing lateritic nickel ore of rotary hearth furnace, will
To a tailings again carry out mill and select recovery to obtain ferronickel powder, shorten technological process, reduce equipment investment, production cost
And energy consumption；Additionally, rotary hearth furnace of the present invention can use regenerative combustion technology, poor quality or low-rank fuel can be used, reduce
Fuel cost, can at home and lack the area popularization of natural gas and high-grade fuel.
According to embodiments of the invention, described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus includes: 301, the tailings outlet of reducing material entrance
302 and ferronickel granulated iron outlet 303, the reducing material of described reducing material entrance and described preheating and reduction apparatus exports and is connected,
For described reducing material is slightly broken gravity treatment, obtain ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings.
According to embodiments of the invention, described mill screening device includes: tailings entrance 401, a ferronickel powder outlet 402 and two
Secondary tailings outlet 403, a described tailings entrance is connected, for by institute with a tailings outlet of described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus
State a tailings and carry out mill ore magnetic selection, obtain ferronickel powder and secondary tailings.
According to embodiments of the invention, described material processing device, including the breaker being sequentially connected with, screening plant and
Mixing arrangement.
According to embodiments of the invention, the concrete kind of described breaker is unrestricted, as long as can reach bulk
Material is broken into the effect of suitable particle size, can be metal breaker, stone breaker, hogging device or mould
Material breaker, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is preferably metal breaker or stone breaker.
According to embodiments of the invention, the concrete kind of described screening plant and method are unrestricted, as long as can play
With compass screen surface with holes, mixed materials different for granule size is divided into the effect of various granularity level, can be revolving screen or
Shaking screen, independent screening, auxiliary screening or dehydration screening, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is preferably revolving screen
Or auxiliary screening.
According to embodiments of the invention, described preheating and reduction apparatus are improved rotary hearth furnace, wherein, and the tool of rotary hearth furnace
Build number is unrestricted, can be heat accumulating type or non-regenerative rotary hearth furnace.According to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is excellent
Elect regenerative rotary hearth furnace as, use regenerative combustion technology, poor quality or low-rank fuel can be used, reduce fuel cost, can
At home with the area popularization lacking natural gas and high-grade fuel.
According to embodiments of the invention, the concrete shape of the horizontal cross-section of described preheating and reduction apparatus is unrestricted, root
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is preferably annular, it is furthermore preferred that described drying tube preheating zone annulus angle is
30 °-100 °, rotary hearth furnace drying tube preheating zone of the present invention annulus angle is no less than 30 °, if annulus angle is less than 30 °, then and material
In preheating zone, remaining time is the shortest, and lateritic nickel ore moisture removal can be caused incomplete, and in reducing zone, removing affects thing to residual moisture
Material district reproducibility, reduces the percent reduction of valuable metal, but affects reducing zone material when rotary hearth furnace preheating zone annulus angle crosses senior general
Reduction effect, so controlling preheating zone annulus angle to be not more than 100 °.
According to embodiments of the invention, the present invention is by setting up drying tube preheating zone in rotary hearth furnace, and this drying tube is arranged
In furnace wall sidewall, use heat radiation mode preheating material, all use the mode phase that furnace wall burner on sidewall heats with conventional rotary hearth furnace
Ratio, efficiently solves the problem that material enters the stove initial stage and causes burner to block because Dust Capacity is relatively big, and drying tube heating-up temperature is 600
DEG C-1000 DEG C, aqueous mixture material can be preheated, and the effectively table water in removing aqueous mixture material and water of crystallization, enter
Stove lateritic nickel ore typically contains table water and the water of crystallization of 9-14% of 12-20%, if do not removed, by affect nickel in lateritic nickel ore also
Former effect, reduces the response rate of nickel, so containing the reducing process requirement that can meet lateritic nickel ore after the preheated process of water mixture.
Pressure ball before decreasing rotary hearth furnace on the premise of not affecting product index and pelletizing stoving process, shorten technological process,
Reducing equipment investment, it is excellent to have that handling process is short, equipment investment is low, equipment operation rate is high, energy consumption is low, have wide range of applications etc.
Point.
According to embodiments of the invention, between described drying tube preheating zone and described burner on sidewall reducing zone, it is provided with partition wall 6,
Barricade 7, described partition wall and the barricade top by described rotary hearth furnace it is provided with between described burner on sidewall reducing zone and described discharge zone
Wall downwardly extends, and keeps certain intervals with the cloth ring-shaped furnace bottom of described rotary hearth furnace.
Concrete material according to embodiments of the invention, described preheating zone and reducing zone division wall is unrestricted, if energy
Enough playing the effect of separation, can be refractory brick or fire-resistant stamp mass, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention be excellent
Elect refractory brick as.
According to embodiments of the invention, the concrete material of described discharge end barricade is unrestricted, as long as stop can be played
Effect, can be refractory brick or fire-resistant stamp mass, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is the most fire-resistant
Brick.
Wherein, described drying tube preheating zone is provided with multiple drying tube 8 inside furnace wall, for entering described drying tube preheating zone
Row heating；Described burner on sidewall reducing zone is provided with multiple burner 9 inside furnace wall, for burning described burner on sidewall reducing zone
Mouth mode heats.
Concrete number and shape according to embodiments of the invention, described drying tube and burner are unrestricted, as long as can rise
To the effect of dry heat, wherein, the shape of described drying tube can be p-shaped, W shape or U-shaped, according to the one of the present invention
A little embodiments, drying tube of the present invention is the most U-shaped, and the concrete mode of heating of described drying tube is unrestricted, according to the present invention's
Some embodiments, the present invention be preferably electrical heating, gas heating, high-temperature flue gas waste heat one or more.
In another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides and a kind of utilize foregoing system to process lateritic nickel ore
Method.Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of the present invention, and with reference to shown in Fig. 3, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent and additive are mixed after crushing, sieving in proportion, obtains aqueous
Mixed material.
According to embodiments of the invention, described material processing device have lateritic nickel ore entrance 101, reduction coal entrance 102,
Additive entrance 103 and aqueous mixture material outlet 104, for by described lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent and additive after treatment
Mix in proportion, obtain aqueous mixture material.
According to embodiments of the invention, described lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent and additive be gained raw material after crushing, sieving
Concrete granularity is unrestricted, and according to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is preferably 10-40mm.
According to embodiments of the invention, the concrete kind of described reducing agent is unrestricted, coke, semicoke or reduction coal,
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is preferably reduction coal.
According to embodiments of the invention, raw material weight proportioning is: lateritic nickel ore 100 weight portion, reduction coal 10-30 weight
Part, additive 5-15 weight portion.
According to embodiments of the invention, the concrete kind of described additive is unrestricted, and some according to the present invention are implemented
Example, the present invention is preferably one or more of limestone, quick lime and hydrolysis carbide slag, wherein, the amount of allocating into of described additive
Basicity to be ensured is between 0.4-0.7, and between preferably 0.5-0.6, wherein, described basicity is the quality of following four oxide
The ratio of mark, i.e. basicity=w (MgO+CaO)/w (SiO2+ Al2O3 ), w is mass fraction.In some embodiments of the invention,
In this range, cinder viscosity is low for basicity, and beneficially gathering and the change of ferronickel granule is big.
(2) preheating reduction treatment: by semi-coke entrance, the furnace bottom at described preheating and reduction apparatus first lays one layer of orchid
Charcoal, then by aqueous mixture material cloth in described preheating and reduction apparatus, along with described preheating and reduction apparatus furnace bottom
Operating, described aqueous mixture material is dried successively in drying tube preheating zone, the pre-heat treatment, then through described burner on sidewall also
Carry out reduction reaction in former district, then, obtain reducing material by described reducing material outlet discharge.
According to embodiments of the invention, described preheating and reduction apparatus include: the most adjacent feed zone 1, drying tube are pre-
Hot-zone 2, burner on sidewall reducing zone 3 and discharge zone 4, wherein, described feed zone is provided with aqueous mixture material entrance 201, semi-coke enters
Mouth 202, described drying tube preheating zone is provided with drying tube thermal source inlet 203 and exhanst gas outlet 205, and described discharge zone is provided with reduzate
Material outlet 204, described aqueous mixture material entrance exports with the aqueous mixture material of described material processing device and is connected, and being used for will
Described aqueous mixture material is dried in described preheating and reduction apparatus, preheats and reduction treatment, obtains reducing material.
According to embodiments of the invention, the rotary furnace bottom of described transformation to be covered with one layer of semi-coke, and thickness is preferably 5 ~
15mm, owing to the temperature of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction production granulated iron technique is higher, slag is in half molten state, in order to prevent fritting
The bonding furnace bottom of slag melting state affects discharging, so completing one layer of semi-coke at rotary furnace bottom in advance to facilitate discharging.
According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the drying tube preheating zone heating of described preheating and reduction apparatus is 600 DEG C-
1000 DEG C, the time is 20-40min；Described reducing zone uses burner on sidewall mode of heating, and reduction temperature is 1350 DEG C-1450 DEG C,
Time is 20-50min.
In some embodiments of the invention, reduction temperature 1350 ~ 1450 DEG C, granulated iron can be produced smoothly, temperature is too low
On the one hand reduction reaction is not thorough, and nickel recovery is low, and on the other hand slag viscosity is big, and ferronickel is not easy to assemble, and the too high meeting of temperature makes
Ferrum melts, and makes carbon float, unfavorable to reduction, and now in slag, FeO content is high, and bits do not stick, and are not easily formed granulated iron.
(3) slightly break re-selection process: described reducing material is slightly broken re-selection process, obtain ferronickel granulated iron and a tail
Slag.
According to embodiments of the invention, described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus includes: 301, the tailings outlet of reducing material entrance
302 and ferronickel granulated iron outlet 303, the reducing material of described reducing material entrance and described preheating and reduction apparatus exports and is connected,
For described reducing material is slightly broken gravity treatment, obtain ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings.
(4) mill ore magnetic selection processes: a described tailings is carried out mill ore magnetic selection process, obtains ferronickel powder and secondary tailings.
According to embodiments of the invention, described mill screening device includes: tailings entrance 401, a ferronickel powder outlet 402 and two
Secondary tailings outlet 403, a described tailings entrance is connected, for by institute with a tailings outlet of described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus
State a tailings and carry out mill ore magnetic selection, obtain ferronickel powder and secondary tailings.
Embodiment 1
Selecting TFe20.6%, the lateritic nickel ore containing Ni 1.65%, as raw material, crushes, is sized to 10-40mm, according to laterite nickel
Ore deposit 100 weight portion, reduction coal 10 weight portion, the part by weight dispensing of limestone 5 weight portion also mixes, by straight for aqueous mixture material
Connecing to be distributed into preheat and carry out preheating reduction treatment with reduction apparatus, set up drying tube preheating zone in rotary hearth furnace, the temperature of heating is
600 DEG C, the time is 40min；Reducing zone uses outboard sidewalls burner mode of heating, and rotary furnace bottom is distributed into one layer prior to dry bulb group
5mm thickness semi-coke, reduction temperature is 1350 DEG C, and the time is 50min, and the annulus angle of preheating zone is 30 °；Rotary hearth furnace discharging obtains
The thick broken gravity concentration apparatus of reducing material feeding slightly breaks re-selection process and obtains the ferronickel granulated iron of mean diameter 3mm (containing Ni
7.56%, Fe 89.58%) an and tailings, tailings is re-fed into mill ore magnetic selection equipment to carry out mill ore magnetic selection and processes and obtain ferronickel
Powder (containing Ni 4.65% TFe 63.52%) and secondary tailings, whole flow process nickel recovery 94%.
Embodiment 2
Selecting TFe18.7%, the lateritic nickel ore containing Ni 1.76%, as raw material, crushes, is sized to 10-40mm, according to laterite nickel
Ore deposit 100 weight portion, reduction coal 20 weight portion, the part by weight dispensing of quick lime 10 weight portion also mixes, by aqueous mixture material
Directly it is distributed into preheating and reduction apparatus carries out preheating reduction treatment, in rotary hearth furnace, set up drying tube preheating zone, the temperature of heating
Being 800 DEG C, the time is 30min；Reducing zone uses outboard sidewalls burner mode of heating, and rotary furnace bottom is distributed into one prior to dry bulb group
Layer 5mm thickness semi-coke, reduction temperature is 1400 DEG C, and the time is 30min, and the annulus angle of preheating zone is 60 °；Rotary hearth furnace discharging obtains
Reducing material send into and thick broken gravity concentration apparatus slightly breaks re-selection process obtain the ferronickel granulated iron of mean diameter 4mm (containing Ni
7.68%, Fe 90.16%) an and tailings, tailings is re-fed into mill ore magnetic selection equipment to carry out mill ore magnetic selection and processes and obtain ferronickel
Powder (containing Ni 6.03% TFe 65.76%) and secondary tailings, whole flow process nickel recovery 96%.
Embodiment 3
Selecting TFe29.6%, the lateritic nickel ore containing Ni 1.46%, as raw material, crushes, is sized to 10-40mm, according to laterite nickel
Ore deposit 100 weight portion, reduction coal 30 weight portion, hydrolyze the part by weight dispensing of carbide slag 15 weight portion and mix, by aqueous mixing
Material is directly distributed into preheating and reduction apparatus carries out preheating reduction treatment, sets up drying tube preheating zone in rotary hearth furnace, heating
Temperature is 1000 DEG C, and the time is 20min；Reducing zone uses outboard sidewalls burner mode of heating, and rotary furnace bottom is prior to dry bulb group
Being distributed into one layer of 5mm thickness semi-coke, reduction temperature is 1450 DEG C, and the time is 20min, and the annulus angle of preheating zone is 100 °；Rotary hearth furnace
The thick broken gravity concentration apparatus of reducing material water feeding that discharging obtains slightly breaks re-selection process and obtains the ferronickel of mean diameter 2.5mm
Granulated iron (containing Ni 6.33%, Fe 90.89%) and a tailings, a tailings is re-fed into mill ore magnetic selection equipment to be carried out at mill ore magnetic selection
Reason obtains ferronickel powder (containing Ni 4.56% TFe 68.56%) and secondary tailings, whole flow process nickel recovery 95%.
Inventor finds, this system according to embodiments of the present invention all uses furnace wall burner on sidewall to add with conventional rotary hearth furnace
The mode of heat is compared, and sets up drying tube preheating zone in the rotary hearth furnace of the present invention, solves material and enters the stove initial stage because Dust Capacity is big
Cause the problem that burner blocks；And the present invention can use wet block directly to enter the flow processing lateritic nickel ore of rotary hearth furnace, will
To a tailings again carry out mill and select recovery to obtain ferronickel powder, shorten technological process, reduce equipment investment, production cost
And energy consumption；Additionally, rotary hearth furnace of the present invention can use regenerative combustion technology, poor quality or low-rank fuel can be used, reduce
Fuel cost, can at home and lack the area popularization of natural gas and high-grade fuel.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " illustrative examples ",
The description of " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or the specific features of example description, knot
Structure, material or feature are contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to above-mentioned term
Schematic representation is not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or spy
Point can combine in any one or more embodiments or example in an appropriate manner.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and can not
It is interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " the
One ", the feature of " second " can express or implicitly include one or more this feature.In describing the invention,
Except as otherwise noted, " multiple " are meant that two or more.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is installed ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixing connection, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be a connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand that above-mentioned term is at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to being interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, revises, replaces and modification, simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the think of of the application
Think, the most all will change.
Claims (9)
1. one kind utilizes the system that wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction produces granulated iron, it is characterised in that including: Feedstock treating fills
Put, preheat and reduction apparatus, thick broken gravity concentration apparatus and mill ore magnetic selection device, wherein:
Described material processing device, including the breaker being sequentially connected with, screening plant and mixing arrangement, described Feedstock treating fills
Put and there is lateritic nickel ore entrance, reduction coal entrance, additive entrance and the outlet of aqueous mixture material, for by described laterite nickel
Ore deposit, reducing agent and additive mix the most in proportion, obtain aqueous mixture material；
Described preheating and reduction apparatus are improved rotary hearth furnace, including: the most adjacent feed zone, drying tube preheating zone, side
Wall burner reducing zone and discharge zone, wherein, be provided with partition wall between described drying tube preheating zone and described burner on sidewall reducing zone, institute
State and between burner on sidewall reducing zone and described discharge zone, be provided with barricade, described partition wall and barricade by described rotary hearth furnace roof to
Lower extension, and keep certain intervals with the cloth ring-shaped furnace bottom of described rotary hearth furnace；Wherein, inside furnace wall, described drying tube preheating zone
It is provided with multiple drying tube, for described drying tube preheating zone is heated；Described burner on sidewall reducing zone is provided with inside furnace wall
Multiple burners, for carrying out burner mode heating to described burner on sidewall reducing zone；Described feed zone is provided with aqueous mixture material
Entrance, semi-coke entrance, described drying tube preheating zone is provided with drying tube thermal source inlet and exhanst gas outlet, and described discharge zone is provided with reduction
Material outlet, described aqueous mixture material entrance exports with the aqueous mixture material of described material processing device and is connected, and being used for will
Described aqueous mixture material is dried in described preheating and reduction apparatus, preheats and reduction treatment, obtains reducing material；
Described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus includes: the outlet of reducing material entrance, ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings outlet, described reducing material
Entrance exports with the reducing material of described preheating and reduction apparatus and is connected, for described reducing material is slightly broken gravity treatment,
To ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings；
Described mill screening device includes: one time tailings entrance, ferronickel powder export and the outlet of secondary tailings, a described tailings entrance
A tailings outlet with described thick broken gravity concentration apparatus is connected, and for a described tailings is carried out mill ore magnetic selection, obtains ferronickel
Powder and secondary tailings.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the horizontal cross-section of described preheating and reduction apparatus is annulus
Shape, described drying tube preheating zone annulus angle is 30 °-100 °.
3. the system utilized according to any one of claim 1-2 carries out lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction and produces the side of granulated iron
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) Feedstock treating: lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent and additive are mixed after crushing, sieving in proportion, obtains aqueous
Mixed material；
(2) preheating reduction treatment: by semi-coke entrance, the furnace bottom at described preheating and reduction apparatus first lays one layer of semi-coke, so
After by aqueous mixture material cloth in described preheating and reduction apparatus, along with described preheating and the operating of reduction apparatus furnace bottom,
Described aqueous mixture material is dried successively in drying tube preheating zone, the pre-heat treatment, then through described burner on sidewall reducing zone
Inside carry out reduction reaction, then, obtain reducing material by described reducing material outlet discharge；
(3) slightly break re-selection process: described reducing material is slightly broken re-selection process, obtain ferronickel granulated iron and a tailings；
(4) mill ore magnetic selection processes: a described tailings is carried out mill ore magnetic selection process, obtains ferronickel powder and secondary tailings.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described lateritic nickel ore, reducing agent and additive are through broken, sieve
After point, gained raw material granularity is 10-40mm.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described reducing agent is reduction coal.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that raw material weight proportioning is: lateritic nickel ore 100 weight portion, also
Raw coal 10-30 weight portion, additive 5-15 weight portion；Described additive is limestone, quick lime and the one of hydrolysis carbide slag
Or it is multiple.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the amount of allocating into the basicity to be ensured of described additive is at 0.4-
Between 0.7, between preferably 0.5-0.6, wherein, described basicity is the ratio of the mass fraction of following four oxide, i.e. basicity=
w(MgO+CaO)/w(SiO2+ Al2O3 ), w is mass fraction.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the drying tube preheating zone heating of described preheating and reduction apparatus
Temperature be 600 DEG C-1000 DEG C, the time is 20-40min；Described reducing zone uses burner on sidewall mode of heating, and reduction temperature is
1350 DEG C-1450 DEG C, the time is 20-50min.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the thickness of described semi-coke is 5-15mm.
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| CN201610819082.1A CN106191364A (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2016-09-13 | A kind of system and method utilizing wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction to produce granulated iron |
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| CN201610819082.1A CN106191364A (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2016-09-13 | A kind of system and method utilizing wet piece of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction to produce granulated iron |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108103259A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-01 | 新疆乾海环保科技有限公司 | A kind of oxide mineral prereduction device based on rotary hearth heating furnace |
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