CN106187473A - 一种水稻孕穗期叶面肥 - Google Patents

一种水稻孕穗期叶面肥 Download PDF

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CN106187473A
CN106187473A CN201610541346.1A CN201610541346A CN106187473A CN 106187473 A CN106187473 A CN 106187473A CN 201610541346 A CN201610541346 A CN 201610541346A CN 106187473 A CN106187473 A CN 106187473A
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阚发志
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水稻孕穗期叶面肥,涉及水稻种植技术领域,由如下重量份数的原料制成:松针土45‑55份、砻糠灰10‑15份、喷浆大豆渣10‑15份、棉籽饼6‑10份、葛根粉5‑8份、甘草5‑8份、酒糟4‑6份、交联羧甲基纤维素钠3‑5份、黄芪3‑5份、磷石膏粉2‑3份、病虫害防治剂2‑3份、硝石粉2‑3份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1‑2份、单硬脂酸甘油酯1‑2份、食盐1‑2份、微量元素添加剂0.5‑1份、水200‑250份。本发明通过喷施叶面肥的方法使水稻快速吸收养分,以满足孕穗期的营养需求,提高肥料的吸收利用率,增强水稻长势,增加颖花和穗粒数量,且促进穗粒饱满。

Description

一种水稻孕穗期叶面肥
技术领域:
本发明涉及水稻种植技术领域,具体涉及一种水稻孕穗期叶面肥。
背景技术:
水稻孕穗期,是指水稻生长过程的生殖生长初期的一段时间。从生物学角度看,是水稻开始幼穗分化,发展到抽穗的过程。生物专家研究发现,水稻孕穗期如能合理追施穗肥,则生长势强,颖花多,穗大、粒多而饱满,产量高;若肥料供应不足,则生长势弱,颖花多,穗小、粒少且粒轻,产量低。因此,在水稻孕穗期要适时、适量和适法施肥。除此之外,在水稻孕穗期还需注意稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱、纹枯病和稻瘟病的防治,减轻或避免这些病虫害对水稻孕穗期的影响。而传统种植方法是在水稻孕穗期分别对水稻进行根部追肥和叶面喷洒农药,以满足水稻孕穗的营养需求和防治病虫害,但根部追肥见效慢,肥料利用率低;并且单独进行农药喷洒增加了劳动量,不适合水稻的大规模种植。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种使用方便、集追肥与病虫害防治为一体且效果显著的水稻孕穗期叶面肥。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现:
一种水稻孕穗期叶面肥,由如下重量份数的原料制成:
松针土45-55份、砻糠灰10-15份、喷浆大豆渣10-15份、棉籽饼6-10份、葛根粉5-8份、甘草5-8份、酒糟4-6份、交联羧甲基纤维素钠3-5份、黄芪3-5份、磷石膏粉2-3份、病虫害防治剂2-3份、硝石粉2-3份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1-2份、单硬脂酸甘油酯1-2份、食盐1-2份、微量元素添加剂0.5-1份、水200-250份;所述松针土由松针加10倍重量的细壤土混合后于35-40℃下薄膜密封堆积25-30天而成。
其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)向水中加入松针土、砻糠灰和棉籽饼,浸泡48h后再加入喷浆大豆渣和酒糟,继续浸泡24h,然后利用功率1.5kHz磨浆机反复磨浆三次,过滤,所得滤液即为物料I;
(2)将甘草和黄芪经冷冻干燥后制成粉末,再加入葛根粉和交联羧甲基纤维素钠,加热至60-70℃保温混合10min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料I中加入物料II、磷石膏粉、病虫害防治剂、硝石粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、单硬脂酸甘油酯、食盐和微量元素添加剂,充分混合均匀后静置1h,再将所得混合物加入球磨机中,球磨至细度小于50μm。
所述病虫害防治剂由如下重量份数的原料制成:茵陈草15份、吴茱萸叶10份、艾叶草10份、猪牙皂8份、大戟叶8份、决明子6份、苦茶粉5份、巴豆霜3份、苍耳子3份、氢化松香2份、聚合硫酸铁1份、焦磷酸钠1份、香加皮1份、料酒0.5份、纳米蒙脱土0.5份、小苏打0.5份、土霉素片0.3份、卡松0.2份,其制备方法为:①将茵陈草、吴茱萸叶、艾叶草和大戟叶经冷冻干燥后粉碎成粉末,再加入料酒和小苏打,充分混合后于0-5℃下静置2h,即得粉料I;②将猪牙皂、决明子、巴豆霜、苍耳子和香加皮加热至70-75℃保温混合10min,再加入氢化松香,继续加热至100-105℃保温混合10min,然后研磨成粉末,即得粉料II;③将土霉素片研磨成粉末后加入粉料I中,再加入粉料II和苦茶粉,充分混合后置于45-50℃下密封静置24h,最后加入聚合硫酸铁、焦磷酸钠、纳米蒙脱土和卡松,充分混合均匀。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过喷施叶面肥的方法使水稻快速吸收养分,以满足孕穗期的营养需求,提高肥料的吸收利用率,增强水稻长势,增加颖花和穗粒数量,且促进穗粒饱满;其中病虫害防治剂的添加能够有效防治稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱、纹枯病和稻瘟病,减轻病虫害对水稻孕穗的影响,以及在追肥的同时实现病虫害的防治,从而大大减少工作量和提高水稻的产量与品质。
具体实施方式:
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。
病虫害防治剂的制备:①将15份茵陈草、10份吴茱萸叶、10份艾叶草和8份大戟叶经冷冻干燥后粉碎成粉末,再加入0.5份料酒和0.5份小苏打,充分混合后于0-5℃下静置2h,即得粉料I;②将8份猪牙皂、6份决明子、3份巴豆霜、3份苍耳子和1份香加皮加热至70-75℃保温混合10min,再加入2份氢化松香,继续加热至100-105℃保温混合10min,然后研磨成粉末,即得粉料II;③将0.3份土霉素片研磨成粉末后加入粉料I中,再加入粉料II和5份苦茶粉,充分混合后置于45-50℃下密封静置24h,最后加入1份聚合硫酸铁、1份焦磷酸钠、0.5份纳米蒙脱土和0.2份卡松,充分混合均匀。
实施例1
(1)向250份水中加入45份松针土、15份砻糠灰和6份棉籽饼,浸泡48h后再加入10份喷浆大豆渣和5份酒糟,继续浸泡24h,然后利用功率1.5kHz磨浆机反复磨浆三次,过滤,所得滤液即为物料I;
(2)将6份甘草和3份黄芪经冷冻干燥后制成粉末,再加入5份葛根粉和5份交联羧甲基纤维素钠,加热至60-70℃保温混合10min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料I中加入物料II、2份磷石膏粉、3份病虫害防治剂、2份硝石粉、2份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、1份单硬脂酸甘油酯、1份食盐和0.5份微量元素添加剂,充分混合均匀后静置1h,再将所得混合物加入球磨机中,球磨至细度小于50μm。
其中,松针土由松针加10倍重量的细壤土混合后于35-40℃下薄膜密封堆积30天而成。
实施例2
(1)向250份水中加入50份松针土、10份砻糠灰和6份棉籽饼,浸泡48h后再加入12份喷浆大豆渣和5份酒糟,继续浸泡24h,然后利用功率1.5kHz磨浆机反复磨浆三次,过滤,所得滤液即为物料I;
(2)将8份甘草和3份黄芪经冷冻干燥后制成粉末,再加入7份葛根粉和3份交联羧甲基纤维素钠,加热至60-70℃保温混合10min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料I中加入物料II、3份磷石膏粉、2份病虫害防治剂、2份硝石粉、1份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、2份单硬脂酸甘油酯、1份食盐和0.5份微量元素添加剂,充分混合均匀后静置1h,再将所得混合物加入球磨机中,球磨至细度小于50μm。
其中,松针土由松针加10倍重量的细壤土混合后于35-40℃下薄膜密封堆积30天而成。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (3)

1.一种水稻孕穗期叶面肥,其特征在于,由如下重量份数的原料制成:
松针土45-55份、砻糠灰10-15份、喷浆大豆渣10-15份、棉籽饼6-10份、葛根粉5-8份、甘草5-8份、酒糟4-6份、交联羧甲基纤维素钠3-5份、黄芪3-5份、磷石膏粉2-3份、病虫害防治剂2-3份、硝石粉2-3份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1-2份、单硬脂酸甘油酯1-2份、食盐1-2份、微量元素添加剂0.5-1份、水200-250份;所述松针土由松针加10倍重量的细壤土混合后于35-40℃下薄膜密封堆积25-30天而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水稻孕穗期叶面肥,其特征在于,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)向水中加入松针土、砻糠灰和棉籽饼,浸泡48h后再加入喷浆大豆渣和酒糟,继续浸泡24h,然后利用功率1.5kHz磨浆机反复磨浆三次,过滤,所得滤液即为物料I;
(2)将甘草和黄芪经冷冻干燥后制成粉末,再加入葛根粉和交联羧甲基纤维素钠,加热至60-70℃保温混合10min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料I中加入物料II、磷石膏粉、病虫害防治剂、硝石粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、单硬脂酸甘油酯、食盐和微量元素添加剂,充分混合均匀后静置1h,再将所得混合物加入球磨机中,球磨至细度小于50μm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水稻孕穗期叶面肥,其特征在于,所述病虫害防治剂由如下重量份数的原料制成:茵陈草15份、吴茱萸叶10份、艾叶草10份、猪牙皂8份、大戟叶8份、决明子6份、苦茶粉5份、巴豆霜3份、苍耳子3份、氢化松香2份、聚合硫酸铁1份、焦磷酸钠1份、香加皮1份、料酒0.5份、纳米蒙脱土0.5份、小苏打0.5份、土霉素片0.3份、卡松0.2份,其制备方法为:①将茵陈草、吴茱萸叶、艾叶草和大戟叶经冷冻干燥后粉碎成粉末,再加入料酒和小苏打,充分混合后于0-5℃下静置2h,即得粉料I;②将猪牙皂、决明子、巴豆霜、苍耳子和香加皮加热至70-75℃保温混合10min,再加入氢化松香,继续加热至100-105℃保温混合10min,然后研磨成粉末,即得粉料II;③将土霉素片研磨成粉末后加入粉料I中,再加入粉料II和苦茶粉,充分混合后置于45-50℃下密封静置24h,最后加入聚合硫酸铁、焦磷酸钠、纳米蒙脱土和卡松,充分混合均匀。
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Application publication date: 20161207