CN106187445B - A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable and its application - Google Patents
A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106187445B CN106187445B CN201610520253.0A CN201610520253A CN106187445B CN 106187445 B CN106187445 B CN 106187445B CN 201610520253 A CN201610520253 A CN 201610520253A CN 106187445 B CN106187445 B CN 106187445B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable and its application, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of the rhizome vegetable includes inorganic component and organic component, and the mass fraction of the organic component is 25~40%；Wherein, on the basis of the quality of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, N element content is 7~13% in inorganic component, with P2O5It is 2~6% to count P element content, with K2It is 7~15% that O, which counts K element content,；The organic component, by weight, including following components：3~8 parts of lignin, 3~8 parts of biomass carbon, 15~25 parts of pecan shell yeast powder.The present invention is added to as organic component in fertilizer using lignin, biomass carbon and pecan shell yeast powder obtains the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, and the sustained release performance of the organic slow-release fertilizer is good, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, low energy consumption and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer application technical field more particularly to a kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable and answer
With.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country and chemical fertilizer production and consumption big country, and Chinese chemical fertilizer total output and total dosage all occupy
The first in the world.But agricultural production practice shows that the combined influence due to fertilizer property and soil environment condition, utilization rate of fertilizer are low
It is fertilizer application process common problem.
Vegetables occupy an important position in human lives, and status is only second to cereal crops.Currently, scale vegetable is planted
It quickly grows, but fertilizer practice falls behind relatively, vegetable grower's fertilising is blindly applied by rule of thumb completely, and fertilizer waste is serious, while can draw
The problems such as playing soil acidification, secondary salinization, high groundwater azotate pollution and nitrate salts content of vegetable.Wherein, tubers vegetable
Dish is a major class for vegetables.Potato is planted as a kind of most important rhizome vegetable in northern China large area, with
The startup of potato staple food grainization strategy, cultivated area will further expand.
In addition, lignin is the high-molecular compound for having three-dimensional space net structure, nature next in number only to
Cellulose and chitin are a large amount of natural reproducible organic matters of third.The papermaking being discharged after lye boiling delignification is black
Liquid is the maximum pollution sources of paper industry, and lignin contained therein is one of main pollutant (Zhang Haiyun (2006) alkaline process
Lignin biodegradation research [master thesis] in black liquid of straw pulp paper-making), it is direct with black liquor if do not recycled
It is discharged into and receives sewage body, serious environmental pollution damage can be caused.
Lignin has higher reactivity after the processing such as ammonification, sulfonation, de-methoxy.Mulder
W.J. show that lignin plays apparent slow releasing function (Mulder W.J., et to nitrogen with the research of Ramirez F. et al.
al.(2011)Lignin based controlled release coatings.Industrial Crops and
Products 34:915-920；Ramirez F.,et al.(2001)Slow-release effect of N-
functionalized kraft lignin tested with Sorghum over two growth
periods.Bioresource Technology 76:71-73).Ramirez F. are utilized15N tracers discovery, ammoniated lignin
In nitrogen there is 30.6% to be absorbed by first batch of crop, and 12.9% is absorbed by second crop, is also confirmed in terms of timeliness
The slow-release function of lignin (Ramirez F., et al. (2007) Reactions, characterization and
uptake of ammoxidized kraft lignin labeled with 15N.Bioresource Technology 98:
1494-1500)。
Also there is slow releasing function (Wang Dehan etc. (2003) lignin modifications production to potash fertilizer in addition, some researches show that lignin
Object is to the slow releasing function of potash fertilizer and the influence plant nutrients of crop K uptake and fertilizer journal 9 (3):308-311).Lignin into
Entering after soil to have an adverse effect to the normal growth of edaphon, (Zhong Zheke etc. (2006) nitrogen modified technical lignins are to soil
The influence ecological environments 15 (4) of earth biochemical characteristic:811-815), while soil can be gradually converted under the action of microorganism
Organic matter (Bahri H., et al. (2006) Lignin turnover kinetics in an agricultural soil
is monomer specific.Soil Biology&Biochemistry 38:1977-1988)。
Pecan shell is the by-product of hickory nut industry, more is discarded or is laid idle, through rainwater impregnate and microbial fermentation,
These Pu shell leachates not only polluted source, cause fishes and shrimps dead, and keep mountain area vegetation impaired, heavy rain, which washes away, causes water and soil big
Amount is lost in.The leaching liquor of pecan shell is by influencing seed breathing, seedlings root absorption and photosynthesis etc. to various crop
Seed sprout and growth of seedling have an impact (several chemical compositions of Chen Xiangming (2008) hickory nut epicarps and to plant give birth to
The long research [Ph.D. Dissertation] influenced), dosage of the pecan shell powder in fertilizer production is rationally set and can reach field
The effect of weeding.
Currently, the research of the slow release fertilizer about rhizome vegetable is much, such as：
It is slow that the Chinese invention patent application document that publication No. is CN103232304A discloses a kind of special charcoal vinegar of potato
Bio-fertilizer and preparation method thereof and preparation method thereof is released, slow-release bio fertilizer, by weight percentage, including urea 30~
40%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 12~20%, potassium chloride 15~25%, trace element 2~5%, Organic carbon 20~30% and vinegar liquid 8~
10%.The slow-release bio fertilizer can improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, but contain certain chlorine in slow release fertilizer, can influence potato
Quality.
To disclose a kind of long-acting slow-release potato special for the Chinese invention patent application document that publication No. is CN101905991A
With fertilizer and preparation method thereof, which includes following raw material：Urea, double superhosphate or Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate, fertilizer are long
Imitate agent, middle trace element and/or bentonite.Special fertilizer in this application is a kind of inorganic composite fertilizer, is free of organic component, can not
Positive effect is generated to soil.
It is special slow that the Chinese invention patent application document that publication No. is CN104478617A discloses a kind of full water type sweet potato
Fertilizer and preparation method thereof is released, which is made of following raw material components：12~18 parts of acrylic acid, a concentration of 30% hydrogen
10~15 parts of potassium oxide solution, 10~15 parts of urea, 3~5 parts of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 1~5 part of potassium fulvate, 5~15 parts of potassium sulfate,
0~5 part of potassium chloride, 1.5~2.0 parts of carboxymethyl starch, 0.1~0.2 part of initiator, crosslinking agent 0.1~0.2.The special slow release
The moisture that fertilizer is conducive to soil preserves, but energy consumption is higher and complicated for operation.
Publication No. is that the Chinese invention patent application document of CN103360150A discloses a kind of dedicated sustained release length of carrot
Effect complex fertilizer and its method of administration, the complex fertilizer are made of active ingredient and auxiliary material, wherein active ingredient is in parts by weight
Meter, including 20~25 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus (P2O5) 8~12 parts, potassium (K2O) 14~18 parts, the additive amount of inhibitor is nitrogen in compound fertilizer
The 2~4% of dosage.The complex fertilizer can only realize the sustained release of nitrogen, cannot achieve the sustained release of phosphorus and potassium.
Therefore, it is necessary to be provided for rhizome vegetable, a kind of sustained release performance is more preferable, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, low energy consumption and ring
The fertilizer of guarantor.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable and its applications, and the rhizome vegetable is special to be had
The sustained release performance of machine slow release fertilizer is good, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, low energy consumption and environmental protection, can significantly improve the production of rhizome vegetable
Amount.
A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, including inorganic component and organic component, the organic component
Mass fraction is 25~40%；
Wherein, on the basis of the quality of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, N element content is 7 in inorganic component
~13%, with P2O5It is 2~6% to count P element content, with K2It is 7~15% that O, which counts K element content,；
The organic component, by weight, including following components：3~8 parts of lignin, 3~8 parts of biomass carbon, mountain core
15~25 parts of peach Pu shell yeast powder.
Further, the rhizome vegetable is one kind in potato, sweet potato, carrot.
The large specific surface area of lignin, sulfonation treated reactivity is high, and the addition of lignin can be inhaled by physics
Chemical bonding two ways is echoed, the slow release effect of nutrient is improved, to realize the promotion of utilization rate of fertilizer.
The content of organic matter of biomass carbon is high, and the addition of biomass carbon can improve the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil, to
Promote the nutrient preserving capability of soil.Pecan shell yeast powder contains alkaloid isoreactivity substance, the addition of pecan shell yeast powder
So that fertilizer has certain herbicidal effect, to reduce Pesticide use.
It is found through experiment that on the basis of lignin adds, then add biomass carbon and pecan shell yeast powder, Neng Gougeng
The sustained release performance for effectively improving the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, improves the yield and quality of rhizome vegetable.
Specifically, by weight, the inorganic component includes：10~20 parts of urea, 3~8 parts of ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate
6~12 parts, 10~20 parts of potassium sulfate, 5~10 parts of bentonite.
The addition of calcium, magnesium can improve the disease-resistant anti-adversity ability of plant, increase dry-matter accumulation；Preferably, by weight
Meter, the inorganic component further include：5~10 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 3~8 parts of magnesium sulfate.
The addition of trace element can preferably coordinate above-mentioned fertilizer formula, improve profit of the rhizome vegetable to above-mentioned fertilizer
With.Preferably, by weight, the inorganic component further includes 1~2 part of trace element；Wherein, including：Zinc sulfate 0.3
~0.6 part, 0.3~0.6 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.2~0.4 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.2~0.4 part of borax.
Further, by weight, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of the rhizome vegetable includes following components：
It is further preferred that by weight, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable includes following components：
Experiment finds that the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of said components dosage can more effectively improve potato
Yield and quality.
It is further preferred that by weight, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable includes following components：
Experiment finds that the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of said components dosage can more effectively improve sweet potato
Yield and quality.
It is further preferred that by weight, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable includes following components：
Experiment finds that the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of said components dosage can more effectively improve carrot
Yield and quality.
The lignin is that alkali is isolated from spent pulping liquor, and lignin is enable effectively to obtain recycling profit
With.Preferably, total lignin levels >=90% of the lignin, phenolic hydroxyl group >=2.5%, methylol >=35%, sulfur content
≤ 1.0%, water content≤7%, 80 mesh percent of pass >=95%.The lignin large specific surface area is conducive to adsorb nutrient, active group
Group to be conducive to be chemically bonded with nutrient, to realize the sustained release of nutrient.
The biomass carbon obtains after biological material carbonizes, which can be stalk, sawdust, husk
Deng.Preferably, the content of organic matter >=80% of the biomass carbon, water content≤10%, 60 mesh percent of pass >=95%.The life
The substance charcoal content of organic matter is high, is conducive to culture fertility.
Preferably, the pecan shell yeast powder successively through aerobic fermentation, be crushed, sieve, dry after obtain；Its
In, the fermentation temperature is 55~60 DEG C, and the time is 10~15d.
The content of organic matter >=60% of the pecan shell yeast powder, water content≤25%, 20 mesh percent of pass >=90%.
The above-mentioned restriction about constituent content in lignin, biomass carbon and pecan shell yeast powder refers both to quality point
Number.
The preparation method of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of the present invention includes：
Each inorganic component of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable and organic component are mixed in proportion, obtained
Mixture, then mixture is passed sequentially through into extruder grain, throwing circle, dry, cooling and screening, it is special to obtain the rhizome vegetable
Organic slow-release fertilizer.
The grain diameter of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable made from the above method is in 1.00~4.75mm
Ratio >=80%, water content are less than 10%.
The present invention also provides a kind of rhizome vegetable is cultivated using the special organic slow-release fertilizer of the rhizome vegetable
Method, which is characterized in that before rhizome vegetable is transplanted or is broadcast live, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of the rhizome vegetable is passed through
The mode of holostrome bottom application is applied in soil, and amount of application is 80~150kg/ mus.
Preferably, 2~4 days before rhizome vegetable is transplanted or is broadcast live apply the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
Material.
The holostrome bottom application refers to uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields fertilizer before plot last time turns over leveling and being turned in field face, then row
Leveling is ploughed, is fully combined with soil.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention is added to fertilizer using lignin, biomass carbon and pecan shell yeast powder as organic component
In obtain the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, the sustained release performance of the organic slow-release fertilizer is good, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, energy consumption
It is low and environmentally friendly, the yield of rhizome vegetable can be significantly improved.
(2) the pure nutrient amount of application of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of the present invention is few, and has certain weeding
Disease resisting effect can reduce Pesticide use amount.
(3) simple production process of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable of the present invention, energy consumption are relatively low.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further explained with reference to specific implementation case.
Wherein, the lignin referred in embodiment is bought in the polynary lignin Co., Ltd in Shandong Gaotang, and product parameters are
Total lignin levels >=90%, phenolic hydroxyl group >=2.5%, methylol >=35%, sulfur content≤1.0%, water content≤7%, 80 mesh
Percent of pass >=95%；Biomass carbon purchase in the Anhui bio tech ltd Jin Jieneng, product parameters be the content of organic matter >=
80%, water content≤10%, 60 mesh percent of pass >=95%；Other components are commercially available conventional products.
The preparation method of pecan shell yeast powder is：
1) pecan shell is collected in the hickory nut harvesting time；
2) screw extrusion removes partial moisture；
3) pecan shell is put into horizontal Zymolysis Equipment and is fermented, 55~60 DEG C of fermentation temperature, fermentation time 10~15
It (no bulk gas generates, at the same fermentate have can determine whether fermentation completion when decomposed taste)；The pecan shell that will be fermented
It is crushed, sieves, drying to get to pecan shell yeast powder；
The content of organic matter >=60% of obtained pecan shell yeast powder, water content≤25%, 20 mesh percent of pass >=
90%.
The preparation method of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable is：It will be in the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
Each inorganic component and organic component mixed in proportion, obtain mixture；Mixture is passed sequentially through into extruder grain again, is thrown
Circle, dry, cooling and screening, obtain the special organic slow-release fertilizer of the rhizome vegetable；
Wherein, ratio of the grain diameter of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable in 1.00~4.75mm >=
80%, water content is less than 10%.
Embodiment 1
One, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, component and dosage are：
It is 13 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, wooden
7 parts of element, 5 parts of biomass carbon, 9 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of pecan shell yeast powder, 0.6 part of zinc sulfate, 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate, molybdenum
0.4 part of sour ammonium, 0.4 part of borax.
Two, the application of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
(1) place is applied：Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Wulanchabu Shangdu County Xin Peng cooperative societies
(2) subject and kind：Potato (Xia Bodi)
(3) processing setting：
A, space management
B, fertilizer treatment is compareed：Sa Kefu (N:P:K=18:7:20) composite fertilizer, 75kg/ mus of amount of application.In potato seed
It plants first 3 days, whole layer placement of fertilizer, during whole bottom application are buried.
C, special organic slow-release fertilizer processing：The special organic slow-release fertilizer (N of rhizome vegetable:P:K=10:4:10) it, applies
100kg/ mus of dosage.3 days before potato planting, whole layer placement of fertilizer, during whole bottom application are buried.
Experimental result is shown in Table 1
As shown in Table 1, compared with conventional fertilizer application compares, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable is same weight-reducing 30%
When, total output promotes 6.7%, and potato commodity rate promotes 3 percentage points, and the content of starch in potato promotes 3 percentage points.
In addition, in process of production, the epidemic disease (blade face jaundice curling) of special organic slow-release fertilizer processing is substantially reduced.
Embodiment 2
One, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, component and dosage are：
It is 10 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 6 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 18 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, wooden
Element 8 parts, 7 parts of biomass carbon, 10 parts of bentonite, 24 parts of pecan shell yeast powder, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate,
0.2 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.2 part of borax.
Two, the application of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
(1) place is applied：The Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city Xihu District towns Shuan Pu
(2) subject and kind：Sweet potato (Soviet Union's potato 8)
(3) processing setting：
A, space management
B, fertilizer treatment is compareed：Refined Ran (N:P:K=18:4:19) composite fertilizer, 60kg/ mus of amount of application.Preceding 3 are transplanted in sweet potato
It, whole layer placement of fertilizer, 50kg/ mus of bottom application；10kg/ mus are imposed after slow seedling.
C, special organic slow-release fertilizer processing：The special organic slow-release fertilizer (N of rhizome vegetable:P:K=7.5:3:9) it, applies
100kg/ mus of dosage.It is transplanted first 3 days in sweet potato, whole layer placement of fertilizer, during whole bottom application are buried.
Experimental result, as shown in table 2
| Test process | Total output (ton/mu) | Commodity potato (ton/mu) | Commodity rate (%) |
| Space management | 2.04 | 1.90 | 93.1 |
| Compare fertilizer treatment | 2.78 | 2.35 | 84.5 |
| Special organic slow-release fertilizer processing | 2.80 | 2.52 | 90.0 |
As shown in Table 2, compared with conventional fertilizer application compares, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, in weight-reducing 20%
Meanwhile total output keeps stablizing, sweet potato commodity rate promotes 5 percentage points.
Embodiment 3
One, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, component and dosage are：
It is 16 parts of urea, 3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 8 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, wooden
6 parts of element, 8 parts of biomass carbon, 8 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of pecan shell yeast powder, 0.6 part of zinc sulfate, 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate, molybdenum
0.4 part of sour ammonium, 0.4 part of borax.
Two, the application of the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
(1) place is applied：The Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city Xihu District towns Shuan Pu
(2) subject and kind：Carrot
(3) processing setting：
A, space management
B, fertilizer treatment is compareed：Refined Ran (N:P:K=18:4:19) composite fertilizer, 70kg/ mus of amount of application.Before growth of carrot
First 3 days, whole layer placement of fertilizer, 60kg/ mus of bottom application；10kg/ mus are imposed in seedling stage.
C, special organic slow-release fertilizer processing：The special organic slow-release fertilizer (N of rhizome vegetable:P:K=11:4.5:7) it, applies
100kg/ mus of dosage.It is transplanted first 3 days in carrot, whole layer placement of fertilizer, during whole bottom application are buried.
Experimental result, as shown in table 3.
| Test process | Total output (ton/mu) |
| Space management | 2.82 |
| Compare fertilizer treatment | 4.17 |
| Special organic slow-release fertilizer processing | 4.53 |
As shown in Table 3, compared with conventional fertilizer application compares, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, in weight-reducing 20%
Meanwhile total output promotes 8%.
Comparative example 1
One, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, component and dosage are：
It is 13 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, wooden
7 parts of element, 5 parts of biomass carbon, 9 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of pecan shell yeast powder, 0.6 part of zinc sulfate, 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate, molybdenum
0.4 part of sour ammonium, 0.4 part of borax.
Two, fertilizer 1~4 is compared
Fertilizer 1 is compared, component and dosage are substantially consistent with experiment process, are only not added with lignin and pecan shell hair
Ferment powder.
Fertilizer 2 is compared, component and dosage are substantially consistent with experiment process, are only not added with biomass carbon.
Fertilizer 3 is compared, component and dosage are substantially consistent with experiment process, are only not added with pecan shell yeast powder.
Fertilizer 4 is compared, component and dosage are substantially consistent with experiment process, are only not added with lignin.
Three, experiment is carried out
(1) test site：The Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city Xihu District towns Shuan Pu
(2) subjects：Potato (Dongnong303)
(3) processing setting：A, special organic slow-release fertilizer processing：Using the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, apply
100kg/ mus of dosage；
B, comparison processing 1：Using comparison fertilizer 1,100kg/ mus of amount of application；
C, comparison processing 2：Using comparison fertilizer 2,100kg/ mus of amount of application；
D, comparison processing 3：Using comparison fertilizer 3,100kg/ mus of amount of application；
E, comparison processing 4：Using comparison fertilizer 4,100kg/ mus of amount of application；
(4) method of application：3 days before potato planting, whole layer placement of fertilizer, during whole bottom application are buried.
(5) field efficacy：
A processing：Entire Growing season fertilizer is balanced, and growing way is steady, not remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe not early ageing, yield highest；
B processing：Early period, growing way ratio a processing was prosperous, but showed de- fertile phenomenon in florescence, and blade is relatively thin, and yellow occurs
Phenomenon is eventually exhibited as nutrient accumulation deficiency, the underproduction 13%；
C processing：Do not occur de- fertile phenomenon, growing way is close with a processing；
D processing：Do not occur de- fertile phenomenon, but florescence ratio a is handled late two days, maturation time also accordingly wants late, the underproduction
3%；
E processing：Early period, growing way ratio a processing was prosperous, but showed de- fertile phenomenon in florescence, and blade is relatively thin, and leaf color shoals, most
The whole underproduction 8%；
Comparative example 2
One, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable
A kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, component and dosage are：
It is 13 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 7 parts of calcium ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, wooden
7 parts of element, 5 parts of biomass carbon, 9 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of pecan shell yeast powder, 0.6 part of zinc sulfate, 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate, molybdenum
0.4 part of sour ammonium, 0.4 part of borax.
Two, fertilizer is compared
A kind of comparison fertilizer, component and dosage are substantially consistent with experiment process, are only not added with micro- component.
Three, experiment is carried out
(1) test site：The Hangzhou, Zhejiang province city Xihu District towns Shuan Pu
(2) subjects：Potato (Dongnong303)
(3) processing setting：A, special organic slow-release fertilizer processing：Using the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, apply
100kg/ mus of dosage；
B, comparison is handled：Using comparison fertilizer, 100kg/ mus of amount of application
(4) method of application：3 days before potato planting, whole layer placement of fertilizer, during whole bottom application are buried.
Test result is shown：It compares soil fertility quality epidemic disease incidence to rise, chlorosis between plant part leaf, leaf rolling is planted
Strain florescence has been delayed 2 days, the final underproduction 6%.
Experimental example 4
One, fertilizer sample
Fertilizer sample 1：(containing lignin and pecan shell yeast powder) weighs 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2 parts of chlorinations
Potassium, 2 parts of lignin, 2 portions of pecan shell yeast powder, mixing, extruder grain throw circle, dry, cooling, and fertilizer sample is made in screening
Product；
Fertilizer sample 2：(containing lignin) weighs 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of lignin, mixes,
Extruder grain throws circle, dry, cooling, and fertilizer sample is made in screening；
Fertilizer sample 3：(yeast powder of shell containing pecan) weighs 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of mountains
Walnut Pu shell yeast powder, mixing, extruder grain throw circle, dry, cooling, and fertilizer sample is made in screening；
Fertilizer sample 4：(blank control) weighs 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2 parts of potassium chloride, mixing, extruder grain,
Circle is thrown, dry, cooling, fertilizer sample is made in screening；
Two, experiment is carried out
(1) leaching device
Toward high 30cm, internal diameter 5.8cm band sand core chromatographic column in be initially charged with 2cm quartz sands, be reloaded into 250g wind desiceted soils；Separately
250g is taken to cross the air-dried soil sample of 1mm sieves, N content is designed as 200mg/kg in soil, thus determines the dosage of each fertilizer sample；Soil
It is covered again with 2cm quartz sands on column, disturbed soil when to prevent adding water.
(2) experimental procedure
First plus 250mL (be subject to plastic cup bottom begin with water exudation) water makes soil moisture close to saturation, training for the first time
200mL water is added after supporting 2d, is collected simultaneously leaching liquor, cultivates at room temperature after 2d (attention prevents leaching column dry and cracked), uses 200mL
Water carries out second of leaching, is operated later by same program for each time.That is culture 2d leachings 1 time, total leaching 8 times.
Leaching liquor is transferred to 500mL volumetric flasks, adds water constant volume, with Flow Analyzer and flame photometer detect full nitrogen, full phosphorus,
The indexs such as full potassium.
(3) experimental result
Nitrogen accumulation leaching extracting rate (%)
| Project | Fertilizer sample 1 | Fertilizer sample 2 | Fertilizer sample 3 | Fertilizer sample 4 |
| After first time leaching | 13.06 | 15.12 | 26.17 | 27.12 |
| After second of leaching | 17.05 | 19.76 | 32.89 | 33.76 |
| After third time leaching | 20.66 | 23.88 | 37.71 | 38.59 |
| After 4th leaching | 23.37 | 26.68 | 40.97 | 41.79 |
| After 5th leaching | 26.03 | 29.39 | 44.23 | 44.95 |
| After 6th leaching | 28.49 | 31.80 | 47.32 | 48.09 |
| After 7th leaching | 30.90 | 34.18 | 49.98 | 50.70 |
| After 8th leaching | 33.01 | 36.24 | 52.53 | 53.21 |
Phosphorus accumulation leaching extracting rate (%)
| Project | Fertilizer sample 1 | Fertilizer sample 2 | Fertilizer sample 3 | Fertilizer sample 4 |
| After first time leaching | 8.98 | 8.96 | 12.44 | 12.14 |
| After second of leaching | 13.73 | 13.78 | 17.89 | 17.87 |
| After third time leaching | 16.91 | 17.23 | 21.55 | 21.64 |
| After 4th leaching | 19.92 | 20.15 | 24.74 | 24.88 |
| After 5th leaching | 22.64 | 22.73 | 27.73 | 27.93 |
| After 6th leaching | 25.03 | 25.13 | 30.32 | 30.59 |
| After 7th leaching | 27.43 | 27.57 | 33.11 | 33.31 |
| After 8th leaching | 29.65 | 29.38 | 35.45 | 35.75 |
Potassium accumulation leaching extracting rate (%)
| Project | Fertilizer sample 1 | Fertilizer sample 2 | Fertilizer sample 3 | Fertilizer sample 4 |
| After first time leaching | 11.10 | 13.49 | 23.59 | 22.91 |
| After second of leaching | 15.50 | 17.86 | 30.39 | 30.17 |
| After third time leaching | 19.49 | 22.27 | 36.64 | 36.62 |
| After 4th leaching | 23.38 | 26.66 | 41.25 | 41.09 |
| After 5th leaching | 26.83 | 31.05 | 45.70 | 45.50 |
| After 6th leaching | 30.30 | 35.41 | 50.04 | 49.83 |
| After 7th leaching | 33.56 | 39.58 | 54.36 | 54.19 |
| After 8th leaching | 36.58 | 43.54 | 58.51 | 58.23 |
(4) interpretation of result
The accumulation leaching extracting rate of nutrient is lower in leaching experiment, and the slow release effect for reflecting fertilizer to a certain extent is better.From
It can be seen that in three parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium accumulation leaching extracting rate tables：Individually addition lignin can realize three big nutrient of Nitrogen, Phosphorus potassium
Sustained release, individually add pecan shell yeast powder then cannot；But after adding lignin and pecan shell yeast powder simultaneously,
Fertilizer is better than the slow release effect of nitrogen and potassium slow release effect when individually addition lignin, also just illustrates that pecan shell ferments
The addition of powder has facilitation effect to the slow-release function of lignin.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable, including inorganic component and organic component, which is characterized in that by weight
Part meter, including following components：
Total lignin levels >=90% of the lignin, phenolic hydroxyl group >=2.5%, methylol >=35%, sulfur content≤1.0%,
Water content≤7%, 80 mesh percent of pass >=95%；The content of organic matter >=80% of the biomass carbon, water content≤10%, 60 mesh
Percent of pass >=95%；The pecan shell yeast powder successively through aerobic fermentation, be crushed, sieve, dry after obtain；Wherein, institute
It is 55~60 DEG C to state fermentation temperature, and the time is 10~15d；The content of organic matter >=60% of the pecan shell yeast powder, contains
Water≤25%, 20 mesh percent of pass >=90%.
2. a kind of method for cultivating rhizome vegetable using the special organic slow-release fertilizer of rhizome vegetable described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, before rhizome vegetable is transplanted or is broadcast live, the special organic slow-release fertilizer of the rhizome vegetable is passed through into holostrome bottom
The mode applied is applied in soil, and amount of application is 80~150kg/ mus.
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| CN102674991A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-09-19 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Slow release fertilizer special for sweet potatoes by using biomass granular carbon as matrix and preparation method for slow release fertilizer |
| CN103232304A (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2013-08-07 | 云南威鑫农业科技股份有限公司 | Special carbon-vinegar slow-release biological fertilizer for potatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN103274780A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing hickory hulls |
| CN105669324A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-06-15 | 青岛洪润林业生物质能源有限公司 | Biochar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102674991A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-09-19 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Slow release fertilizer special for sweet potatoes by using biomass granular carbon as matrix and preparation method for slow release fertilizer |
| CN103232304A (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2013-08-07 | 云南威鑫农业科技股份有限公司 | Special carbon-vinegar slow-release biological fertilizer for potatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN103274780A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing hickory hulls |
| CN105669324A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-06-15 | 青岛洪润林业生物质能源有限公司 | Biochar fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20161207 Assignee: Jinhua Wanli Shennong agricultural science and Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: WANLI SHENNONG Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2021330000391 Denomination of invention: A special organic slow release fertilizer for rhizome vegetables and its application Granted publication date: 20180828 License type: Common License Record date: 20211012 |