CN106186646B - Original sheet glass side retracting device - Google Patents
Original sheet glass side retracting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106186646B CN106186646B CN201610536590.9A CN201610536590A CN106186646B CN 106186646 B CN106186646 B CN 106186646B CN 201610536590 A CN201610536590 A CN 201610536590A CN 106186646 B CN106186646 B CN 106186646B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- receipts
- rim charge
- stroke
- sheet glass
- original sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B21/00—Severing glass sheets, tubes or rods while still plastic
- C03B21/02—Severing glass sheets, tubes or rods while still plastic by cutting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of original sheet glass side retracting devices, including rack, Strok mechanism, Shou Bian mechanisms and recovering mechanism, air cylinder support and rail brackets are fixed in rack, Strok mechanism contains adjusts stroke module by cylinder, automatic sensing, cylinder is mounted on the air cylinder support, the Shou Bian mechanisms are mainly formed by receiving the coupling tube in knife, receipts original piece rim charge conduit, receipts, take in mouth equipped with abnormal shape in the side for receiving former piece rim charge conduit, the special-shaped income mouth is equipped with receipts side knife；Recovering mechanism includes inhalator, kiln access tube, and the side of kiln access tube is exported equipped with rim charge.The present invention can be completed at the same time receipts side and edge recycling process to original sheet glass, make that the finishing of original sheet glass is more smooth and uniform, size is more accurate, the generation of rim charge waste material is reduced, glassware quality is improved, the production efficiency of production man is improved, reduces employment cost；Reduce edge recycling cost, glass production product production cost, so that glass production is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to glass production processing equipment fields, more particularly it relates to which a kind of original sheet glass receives side
Device.
Background technology
Glass main ingredient is quartz sand, and manufacturing process is that quartz sand coordinates other chemical raw materials (Celsius in high temperature
1300 degree) crystalline solid made of postcooling is fired, have matter hard, wear-resistant, high transparency and anti-rotten characteristic, extensive use
It is with a long history.Manufacture glass technology it is at a tremendous pace, purposes increasingly increases, by clock and watch, vessel, door and window, lamp decoration and
High-tech such as electronic unit and space science and technology etc., all indispensable glass.Our everyday exposures it is most be exactly plate glass,
Manufacturing method is made of by the glass molten slurry in smelting furnace is horizontal or traction method (also known as float glass process) and with rectilinear traction method.
Molten slurry also while making systematic cooling after pulling out smelting furnace, and plate glass, the thickness of plate glass are become after the completion of cooling
Speed when traction is depended mainly on, hauling speed is faster, and the thickness that can be produced is thinner.Original sheet glass refers to Sheet Glass Plant
The fixed-size glass of production, but when original sheet glass goes out kiln, width dimensions out-of-flatness, since temperature is too high, people
Work can not judge dimensional tolerance, also can not just be directed to the original sheet glass progress primary side finishing rewinding work for just going out kiln, also have
Following disadvantage：
1. fire proofing tile can not automatic shift；
2. (rotation) it is excessively dangerous manually to receive side in pressure roller operation；
3. being manually unable to long working；
4. the grasp of manual operation strength is bad, glass quality is influenced.
Existing is all to carry out rewinding, but the process operation difficulty of hard glass to the original sheet glass after hardening by cooling
Height, the waste material for receiving side is recycled of high cost, can cause waste of material.
Invention content
The invention discloses a kind of original sheet glass side retracting device, the device can be completed at the same time to the receipts side of original sheet glass and
Edge recycling process improves glass quality, reduces waste, energy conservation and environmental protection.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of original sheet glass side retracting device, including：
Rack is fixed with air cylinder support and rail brackets in the rack；
Strok mechanism, the Strok mechanism are mainly made of cylinder, the first stroke block, the second stroke block, stroke guide rail, institute
Cylinder is stated on the air cylinder support, the piston rod that the cylinder stretches out is connected with the first stroke block, described the
The side of one stroke block is equipped with the second stroke block, is connected between the second stroke block and the rail brackets, described
Stroke guide rail is installed above first stroke block and the second stroke block；Automatic sensing adjusting is additionally provided in Strok mechanism
Stroke module, the automatic sensing adjust the side that stroke module is mounted on the cylinder；
Shou Bian mechanisms, the Shou Bian mechanisms are mainly formed by receiving the coupling tube in knife, the former piece rim charge conduit of receipts, receipts, described
It receives former piece rim charge conduit and the receipts side coupling tube is on the stroke guide rail and left with the movement of the stroke guide rail
It moves right, the former piece rim charge conduit of the receipts and receipts side coupling tube are connected, and are set in the side for receiving former piece rim charge conduit
There is special-shaped income mouth, the special-shaped income mouth, which is equipped with, receives side knife；
Recovering mechanism, including inhalator, kiln access tube are equipped with fluting to install in the side wall of the kiln access tube
The side of the inhalator, the kiln access tube is exported equipped with rim charge, the kiln access tube and receipts side coupling tube phase
Unicom.
Further, the air cylinder support by perpendicular to the rack rack bar and level in the cylinder block of the rack
Composition, the cylinder are mutually fixed with the cylinder block.
Further, described to receive former piece rim charge conduit and the junction bending and molding for receiving side coupling tube, angle is
Acute angle.
Further, rail brackets are A-frame.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention can be completed at the same time receipts side and edge recycling process to original sheet glass,
The automatic monitoring realization of original sheet glass size is automated using automatic sensing adjusting stroke module in terms of original sheet glass receives side,
The control of intelligentized left and right stroke, makes that the finishing of original sheet glass is more smooth and uniform, size is more accurate, reduces rim charge waste material
It generates, improves glassware quality, simultaneously because automation control, can work continuously, improve the production efficiency of production man,
It need not go to manipulate with special technical staff, reduce employment cost；It can be directly through original sheet glass in terms of edge recycling
It receives rim charge of the side also under soft state to be directly recovered in kiln, reduces the life of edge recycling cost, glass production product
Cost is produced, the environmental pollution generated using other edge recycling modes is also avoided, glass production is made to be more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of original sheet glass side retracting device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the use schematic diagram of original sheet glass side retracting device of the present invention.
In figure：1, rack 11, air cylinder support 111, rack bar 112, cylinder block 12, rail brackets 2, Strok mechanism
21, cylinder 22, the first stroke block 23, the second stroke block 24, stroke guide rail 25, automatic sensing adjust stroke module 3, receive
While mechanism 31, receive while knife 32, receive former piece rim charge conduit 33, receive side coupling tube 34, special-shaped income mouth 4, recovering mechanism 41,
Inhalator 42, kiln access tube 43, rim charge outlet 5, kiln 6, original sheet glass.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Following embodiment is only used for more clear
Illustrate to Chu technical scheme of the present invention, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of original sheet glass side retracting device, including rack 1, Strok mechanism 2, Shou Bian mechanisms 3, recovering mechanism
4；
Rack 1, rack 1 are mounted on the side of kiln 5, air cylinder support 11 and rail brackets 12 are fixed in the rack 1,
Rail brackets 12 are A-frame, and the air cylinder support 11 is by the rack bar 111 perpendicular to rack 1 with level in the gas of rack 1
Cylinder seat 112 forms；
Strok mechanism 2, Strok mechanism is mainly by cylinder 21, the first stroke block 22, the second stroke block 23,24 groups of stroke guide rail
At cylinder 21 is mounted on air cylinder support 11, and cylinder 21 is fixed with 112 phase of cylinder block；The piston rod that cylinder 21 stretches out is connected with
First stroke block 22 is equipped with the second stroke block 23 in the side of the first stroke block 22, the second stroke block 23 and rail brackets 12 it
Between be connected, the top of the first stroke block 22 and the second stroke block 23 is equipped with stroke guide rail 24；It is also set in Strok mechanism 2
There is automatic sensing to adjust stroke module 25, automatic sensing adjusts the side that stroke module 25 is mounted on cylinder 21, can be to glass original
Chip size carries out induction monitoring, and pacifies the stroke that cylinder is adjusted according to monitoring result, the receipts of original sheet glass 6 side is made more to automate,
It is intelligent.
Shou Bian mechanisms 3, Shou Bian mechanisms 3 are mainly formed by receiving the coupling tube 33 in knife 31, the former piece rim charge conduit 32 of receipts, receipts,
It receives former piece rim charge conduit 32 and receives side coupling tube 33 and be connected, receive former piece rim charge conduit 32 and receive the junction folding of side coupling tube 33
Roll forming, angle are acute angle, receive former piece rim charge conduit 32 and receipts side coupling tube 33 is mounted on stroke guide rail 24 and with stroke
Guide rail 24 is moved and is moved left and right；It is equipped with special-shaped income mouth 34, abnormal shape income mouth 34 in the side for receiving former piece rim charge conduit 32
Side knife 31 is received being equipped with close to the side of kiln 5, side knife 31 is received and the original sheet glass 6 pulled out from 5 exit of kiln is carried out
Side processing is received, rim charge enters from abnormal shape income mouth 34 again receives former piece rim charge conduit 32；
Recovering mechanism 4, including inhalator 41, kiln access tube 42, kiln access tube 42 side wall be equipped with fluting to
Inhalator 41 is installed, kiln access tube 42 is equipped with rim charge outlet 43, kiln access tube 42 and receipts side mistake in the side towards kiln
It crosses pipe 33 to be connected, the operating of inhalator 41 can generate negative pressure, can be to receiving former piece rim charge conduit 32, receiving in side coupling tube 33
Rim charge adsorbed.
Technical scheme of the present invention in actual use, as shown in Fig. 2, by rack 1, receiving former piece rim charge conduit 32, kiln
Access tube 42 is mounted on the side of kiln 5, and former piece rim charge conduit 32 and the connection connection of kiln access tube 42 will be received by receiving side coupling tube 33
Logical, the propulsion stroke of cylinder 21 can be set in advance by operating personnel, can also adjust stroke mould by automatic sensing as needed
Block 25 is adjusted come the adjusting to 21 stroke of cylinder, and when original sheet glass 6 pulls out kiln 5 after, automatic sensing adjusts stroke
Module 25 is monitored the size of original sheet glass 6, after being calculated monitoring result, analyzing, then assigns propulsion to cylinder 21
Trip order, the stretching length of 21 regulating piston bar of cylinder control the receipts side size of original sheet glass 6, to each batch
Secondary glass production can be carried out automatic sensing adjusting；After the propulsion stroke of cylinder 21 is decided, receives former piece rim charge and lead
The distance that side knife 31 is received on pipe 32 also determines that after original sheet glass 6 is pulled out from kiln 5, original sheet glass 6 is in softening
State, receive side knife 31 be aligned original sheet glass 6 edge extra rim charge is modified, rewinding, be finished by closing edge what knife 31 was cut down
Rim charge is entered by abnormal shape income mouth 34 in receipts original piece rim charge conduit 32, and the inhalator 41 in recovering mechanism 4 works, and is generated negative
Pressure, absorption receive the rim charge in former piece rim charge conduit 32 and are allowed to go out from rim charge via after receipts side coupling tube 33, kiln access tube 42
It is directly entered kiln 5 at mouth 43, rim charge at this time, can be direct due to being just out to be in soft state from kiln 5
Molten slurry is formed in input kiln 5, the recycling of this rim charge is not had to using other processing.
The present invention can be completed at the same time receipts side and edge recycling process to original sheet glass 6, in terms of original sheet glass 6 receives side
Stroke module 25 is adjusted using automatic sensing, and automation, intelligentized left and right rows are realized to the automatic monitoring of 6 size of original sheet glass
Process control, makes that the finishing of original sheet glass 6 is more smooth and uniform, size is more accurate, reduces the generation of rim charge waste material, improves glass
Quality of item improves the production efficiency of production man simultaneously because automation control, can work continuously, and need not use
Special technical staff goes to manipulate, and reduces employment cost；In terms of edge recycling can directly through original sheet glass 6 receive side also soft
Rim charge under change state is directly recovered in kiln 5, reduce edge recycling cost, glass production product production cost,
The environmental pollution generated using other edge recycling modes is avoided, so that glass production is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly, further subtracts
Waste is lacked.
Finally it should be noted that：The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
With technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of original sheet glass side retracting device, which is characterized in that including：
Rack is fixed with air cylinder support and rail brackets in the rack；
Strok mechanism, the Strok mechanism are mainly made of cylinder, the first stroke block, the second stroke block, stroke guide rail, the gas
Cylinder is mounted on the air cylinder support, and the piston rod that the cylinder stretches out is connected with the first stroke block, in the first row
The side of journey block is equipped with the second stroke block, is connected between the second stroke block and the rail brackets, and described first
Stroke guide rail is installed above stroke block and the second stroke block；It is additionally provided with automatic sensing in Strok mechanism and adjusts stroke
Module, the automatic sensing adjust the side that stroke module is mounted on the cylinder；
Shou Bian mechanisms, the Shou Bian mechanisms are mainly formed by receiving the coupling tube in knife, the former piece rim charge conduit of receipts, receipts, and the receipts are former
Piece rim charge conduit and the receipts side coupling tube are controlled and are moved on the stroke guide rail and with the movement of the stroke guide rail
Dynamic, the former piece rim charge conduit of the receipts and receipts side coupling tube are connected, and are equipped in the side for receiving former piece rim charge conduit different
Type takes in mouth, and the special-shaped income mouth, which is equipped with, receives side knife；
It is described to install to be equipped with fluting in the side wall of the kiln access tube for recovering mechanism, including inhalator, kiln access tube
The side of inhalator, the kiln access tube is exported equipped with rim charge, and the kiln access tube is connected with receipts side coupling tube.
2. original sheet glass side retracting device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The air cylinder support is by perpendicular to described
The rack bar of rack and the horizontal cylinder block in the rack form, and the cylinder is mutually fixed with the cylinder block.
3. original sheet glass side retracting device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The former piece rim charge conduit of the receipts and
The junction bending and molding for receiving side coupling tube, angle are acute angle.
4. original sheet glass side retracting device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The rail brackets are triangle branch
Frame.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610536590.9A CN106186646B (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Original sheet glass side retracting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610536590.9A CN106186646B (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Original sheet glass side retracting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106186646A CN106186646A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN106186646B true CN106186646B (en) | 2018-10-09 |
Family
ID=57473542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610536590.9A Expired - Fee Related CN106186646B (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Original sheet glass side retracting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106186646B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104768885A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2015-07-08 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Edge trim management for flexible glass ribbon |
| CN105417938A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-23 | 山东华平新材料科技有限公司 | Equipment and method for breaking softened inorganic nonmetallic material |
| CN105492397A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-04-13 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Glass ribbon breaking devices and methods of producing glass sheets |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0788223B2 (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1995-09-27 | 株式会社サカイ | Molten glass cutting device |
-
2016
- 2016-07-08 CN CN201610536590.9A patent/CN106186646B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104768885A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2015-07-08 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Edge trim management for flexible glass ribbon |
| CN105492397A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-04-13 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Glass ribbon breaking devices and methods of producing glass sheets |
| CN105417938A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-23 | 山东华平新材料科技有限公司 | Equipment and method for breaking softened inorganic nonmetallic material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106186646A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109912191B (en) | Manufacturing process of optical fiber preform | |
| CN102133582B (en) | Mold/non-mode combined pulling process and device | |
| CN108706963B (en) | A kind of usury is with desert material system from the production technology of raw glaze china | |
| CN101306918A (en) | Production process of ultra-white patterned glass | |
| CN101767394A (en) | Automatic control system of epoxy resin gel forming machine | |
| CN101718137A (en) | Method for producing microcrystal glass decoration plate material with granite waste material | |
| CN106186646B (en) | Original sheet glass side retracting device | |
| CN101538112B (en) | Production method and production line of glass envelope of bathroom heater lamp | |
| CN108793983A (en) | Spontaneous enamel cement ceramic material and the intelligent production technology of spontaneous enamel cement ceramics | |
| CN108996903B (en) | Manufacturing process of flexible glass | |
| CN203429046U (en) | Tin bath device with gas outlet seal | |
| CN104445090B (en) | The method that carbon black or ultra low-ash pure coal reduction sodium sulphate one-step method prepare anhydrous sodium sulfide | |
| CN2775046Y (en) | Glass fusing kiln capable of realizing two kinds of glass forming process | |
| CN203960392U (en) | The equipment of direct growth sapphire dome | |
| CN107555779A (en) | A kind of low Intelligent optical fiber preform manufacturing apparatus of cost using VAD methods | |
| CN109180036A (en) | A kind of method that ardealite decoloration is brightened | |
| CN202808588U (en) | U type toughened glass in-core molding roller bed mechanism | |
| CN207095320U (en) | Mould heating furnace residual neat recovering system | |
| CN105601089A (en) | Forming method for bubble glass by means of flame polishing | |
| CN201728768U (en) | Variable-distance bottle embryo conveying device of bottle blowing machine | |
| CN102531331B (en) | Automatic material distributing device and material distributing method for producing minicrystal glass panes | |
| CN205087589U (en) | Automatic material gui ji device | |
| CN110922035A (en) | Curved surface glass hot bending equipment | |
| CN109355703A (en) | The method that magnesia crystal whisker is prepared from brine using hydro-thermal-basic magnesium chloride presoma | |
| CN218989096U (en) | Optical fiber perform processingequipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20181009 |