CN106181238B - In the method that the different parts of homogeneous materials component construct different thicknesses grain structure - Google Patents
In the method that the different parts of homogeneous materials component construct different thicknesses grain structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106181238B CN106181238B CN201610556045.6A CN201610556045A CN106181238B CN 106181238 B CN106181238 B CN 106181238B CN 201610556045 A CN201610556045 A CN 201610556045A CN 106181238 B CN106181238 B CN 106181238B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that the different parts in homogeneous materials component construct different thicknesses grain structure comprising following steps：Choose the metallic material components with weak location, it is processed and leaves different allowance for different local locations, the processing such as degreasing, texturing or melanism are carried out to local location, using continuous wave laser, different laser parameter progress surface laser heat treatment is set for the different sizes of each regional area of metallic material components, obtains the metallic material components that there is different thicknesses grain structure structure in different piece.The present invention is only adjusted the microscopic structure of metallic material components different location, material composition will not be caused to change；The defects of can avoid weld seam slag inclusion, the stomata that welding procedure generates；It can effective guarantee metallic material components dimensional accuracy and surface quality；Basis material range of choice is wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal material, especially a kind of method being used to prepare compound mechanics performance component,
This method more particularly in a kind of method that the different parts of homogeneous materials component construct different thicknesses grain structure, especially exists
The weak location of component（The positions such as the smaller, Stress-strain concentration of size）Construct the fine grain group that yield strength is high, tensile strength is high
It knits, and constructs in the non-weak location of component that yield strength is moderate, the method for the moderate open grain structure of tensile strength.
Background technology
Hardware in the prior art has a wide range of applications in engineering, for example, traffic, aerospace, the energy,
The numerous areas such as building.The safety problem of such hardware is always design of material and manufacture field emphasis of interest.
In general, the hardware of practical application is not the slab construction for being isometrical pole or uniform thickness.To meet
Assembly or requirement, hardware will necessarily have the region that size is smaller, relatively thin, and these regions are made in external load
Used time is susceptible to stress concentration and strain concentration phenomenon, and then hardware is caused to be easy to shift to an earlier date in these regions
It destroys, safe to use to hardware brings hidden danger.
To solve the above problems, generally use more conversion materials, the method for changing boundary supporting condition or adding additional structure
Increase the tensile strength and bending strength of hardware.But above-mentioned means have some problems：1. being had using high performance material
Cost may be increased；2. layout can then be changed by changing boundary or addition additional structure, the assembly and use of other structures part are given
It affects；3. in structural member weak location（The positions such as the smaller, Stress-strain concentration of size）Using high performance material, in structure
The moderate material of the non-weak location performance of part, can reduce material cost, but be needed between different materials to a certain extent
It the techniques such as welds, rivet, undoubtedly increasing technology difficulty；It is pressed from both sides moreover, easily there is defect such as weld seam at the interface between different materials
Slag etc. undoubtedly can also influence the mechanical property and security performance of metallic material components.
Invention content
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of different parts in homogeneous materials component to construct not
With the method for thickness grain structure, the present invention strengthens structural member local location with conventional method（Using high performance material,
Using additional hardening structure etc.）Means it is different, the present invention neither changes material, the structure snd size of structural member, and can make
It obtains structural member and has compound mechanics performance, achieve the purpose that improve structural member integral strength and reduce A LOCAL STRESS-STRAIN to concentrate,
And then play the maximum effect of material and structural member.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of different parts in homogeneous materials component
The method for constructing different thicknesses grain structure, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1. selection meets the metal material of weak location performance requirement, the metal material meets claimed below：A. metallographic
It is organized as cold rolling state or fine grain state；B. it is not undergone phase transition under heating condition, but recrystallization can occur and crystal grain behavior of growing up is tied again
Brilliant and crystal grain is grown up behavior；C. thermal shock can be born, not will produce crack due to thermal stress under the temperature gradient of≤800K/mm；
D. for material after surface texturing or Darkening process, material absorbs absorptivity >=50% of laser heat,
2. carrying out roughing or semifinishing to metal material, and leave for metal material difference local location different
Allowance, allowance ranging from 0~0.1mm,
3. using continuous wave laser, setting laser spot size is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed
It is 0w~1500w for 0mm/s~20mm/s, laser power, then to carrying out laser surface heat by the metal material of step 2.
Processing, wherein set different laser parameters, a. metallic material components for the different sizes of each regional area of metal material
The thickness of regional area is less than 1.5mm or the diameter of metallic material components regional area is less than 3mm, and laser facula ruler is arranged
Very little is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed 0mm/s, laser power 0w, b. metallic material components part
The thickness range in region is 1.5~3mm or the diameter range of metallic material components regional area is 3~5mm, and laser is arranged
Spot size is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed is 10mm/s~20mm/s, laser power be 500w~
The thickness of 1000w, c. metallic material components regional area is more than 3mm or the diameter of metallic material components regional area is more than
5mm, setting laser spot size is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed is 5mm/s~10mm/s, laser
Power is 1000w~1500w, and then obtains the metal material for having different thicknesses grain structure structure in different piece.
Further, the step 1. in metallographic structure be cold rolling state or fine grain state metal material include metallographic structure at the beginning of
Metal material, the initial structure for beginning to be organized as cold rolling state or fine grain state are coarse-grain state and are obtained after cold rolling combines recrystallization technique
Cold rolling microstructure or the metal material of fine grained texture.
Further, the metal material difference local location includes the local position for being initially cold rolling or fine grain state tissue
It sets, which leaves the allowance of 0mm.
Further, the metal material difference local location further includes the part for meeting low energy densities laser heat treatment
Position, the local location leave 0.05~0.07mm allowance.
Further, the metal material difference local location further includes the part for meeting high energy density laser heat treatment
Position, the local location leave 0.07~0.1mm allowance.
Using the above scheme, the invention has the advantages that：
（1）The present invention carries out at laser heat surface of position needed for metallic material components using Laser surface heat treatment technique
Reason, is only adjusted the microscopic structure of metallic material components different location, material composition will not be caused to change, i.e. metal material
Component generally homogeneous material；
（2）Without boundary layer between different location different microstructures, weld seam slag inclusion, the stomata that welding procedure generates can avoid
The defects of, be conducive to play metallic material components mechanical property；
（3）The present invention contains the machining of two steps, and there are certain allowance after first step roughing or semifinishing, even if
Because metallic material components size is larger, laser processing energy density is high, metallic material components surface is caused to have slight remelting trace,
Also it can be removed in second step finishing.Therefore the present invention can effective guarantee metallic material components dimensional accuracy and surface quality；
（4）Laser beam is conducted by optical fiber, therefore uses the present invention, is not limited by metallic material components shape and size,
Rodlike, plank and complex-shaped metallic material components can be processed；
（5）Basis material range of choice is wide, meets following characteristics：1）Metallographic can be obtained with cold rolling combination recrystallization means
It is organized as cold rolling state or fine grain state；2）It is not undergone phase transition under heating condition, but recrystallization can occur and crystal grain behavior of growing up is tied again
Brilliant and crystal grain is grown up behavior；3）It can bear thermal shock, i.e., not will produce thermal stress under the temperature gradient of≤800K/mm splits
Line；4）Material is after surface treatment（Surface texturing or melanism etc.）Laser heat can be effectively absorbed, absorptivity >=50% or more
Metal material, such as fine copper, pure iron, TWIP steel etc..
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is specific embodiment of the invention component design size structural schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 2 is specific embodiment of the invention component location A metallographic structure（200 times）Structural schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 3 is specific embodiment of the invention component B location metallographic structure（200 times）Structural schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 4 is specific embodiment of the invention component location of C metallographic structure（200 times）Structural schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 5 is specific embodiment of the invention component D position metallographic structures（200 times）Structural schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 6 is specific embodiment of the invention component E position metallographic structures（200 times）Structural schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Specific embodiments of the present invention are utilized in TWIP steel member different parts and construct different thicknesses crystalline substance as shown in figures 1 to 6
The method device material therefor of grain tissue is that the scantling is as shown in Figure 1.1. selection has weak location（A, E in Fig. 1
It sets）, be organized as the TWIP steel of cold rolling state,
2. device required according to design size, first step processing is carried out.Allowance is respectively：
A, the direct smart car in the positions E is device design requirement, and process M3 screw threads at both ends to 3 ± 0.01mm of φ；
B, half smart car of the positions D stays 0.05mm allowance to 4 ﹢ 0.05mm of φ in design size；
Location of C is rough turn to 5 ﹢ 0.1mm of φ, i.e., 0.1mm allowance is stayed in design size；
3. carrying out cleaning removal surface and oil contaminant to the component after processing using acetone or alcohol.Because TWIP steel surfaces are
Through can effectively absorb the energy of semiconductor laser light resource, so there is no need to do surface Darkening process.
4. carrying out Laser surface heat treatment to device using semiconductor laser and related assembling jig, treatment process is such as
Under：
A, the positions E retain cold rolling state tissue, and without processing, metallographic structure is respectively as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 6；
B, the positions D are with laser power 1000w, laser scan rate 10mm/s, laser spot size 5mm, overlapping rate
30% is scanned, after processing metallographic structure respectively as shown in figs. 3 and 5；
Location of C is with laser work rate 1500w, laser scan rate 5mm/s, laser spot size 5mm, overlapping rate 50%
It is scanned, metallographic structure is as shown in Figure 4 after processing；
5. the device after Laser surface heat treatment is refined to design size；
6. by the devices use alcohol washes processed and after drying up, preserved after coating butter.
The mechanical property of 1 different tissues device of table compares
By mechanical analysis, it is shown in Table 1, the TWIP steel members for having complex tissue prepared by the present invention, different location table
Reveal different mechanical property features, comprehensive mechanical property is much better than the component of single organization.
Above-described embodiment is by taking TWIP steel as an example, and only technical concepts and features to illustrate the invention, the present invention are not limited to
Above-mentioned specific implementation mode, involved metal material meet following characteristics：1）It can be obtained with cold rolling combination recrystallization means
It is cold rolling state or fine grain state to take metallographic structure；2）It is not undergone phase transition under heating condition, but recrystallization can occur and crystal grain is grown up row
It grows up behavior for recrystallization and crystal grain；3）It can bear thermal shock, i.e., not will produce heat under the temperature gradient of≤800K/mm answers
Power crackle；4）Material is after surface treatment（Surface texturing or melanism etc.）Can effectively absorb laser heat, absorptivity >=50% with
On.
In addition, specific laser heat treatment process is according between device size, device material mechanical property and microscopic structure
Depending on relationship between relationship, laser heat treatment process and microscopic structure.Simultaneously it is readily apparent that laser power, laser scanning
The parameters such as speed, laser spot size can reach the effect of adjustment laser energy density between a certain range by working in coordination
Fruit.Persons skilled in the art according to the present disclosure, may be used other a variety of specific implementation modes and implement this
Invention or every design structure using the present invention and thinking, do simple change or change, both fall within the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that different parts in homogeneous materials component construct different thicknesses grain structure, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
1. selecting the metallic material components with weak location, the metallic material components meet claimed below：A. metallographic structure
For cold rolling state or fine grain state；B. do not undergone phase transition under heating condition, but can occur recrystallization and crystal grain grow up behavior recrystallization and
Crystal grain is grown up behavior；C. thermal shock can be born, not will produce crack due to thermal stress under the temperature gradient of≤800K/mm；D. material
For material after surface texturing or Darkening process, material absorbs absorptivity >=50% of laser heat,
2. carrying out roughing or semifinishing to metallic material components, and left not for metallic material components difference local location
Same allowance, allowance ranging from 0~0.1mm,
3. using continuous wave laser, setting laser spot size is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed is
0mm/s~20mm/s, laser power are 0w~1500w, then to carrying out laser surface by the metallic material components of step 2.
Heat treatment, wherein set different laser parameters, a. metal materials for the different sizes of each regional area of metallic material components
Expect that the thickness in component partial region is less than 1.5mm or the diameter of metallic material components regional area is less than 3mm, laser is set
Spot size is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed 0mm/s, laser power 0w, b. metal material structure
The thickness range of part regional area is 1.5~3mm or the diameter range of metallic material components regional area is 3~5mm, if
Set that laser spot size is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed is 10mm/s~20mm/s, laser power is
The thickness of 500w~1000w, c. metallic material components regional area is more than the diameter of 3mm or metallic material components regional area
More than 5mm, setting laser spot size is 5~20mm, overlapping rate is 30%~50%, sweep speed be 5mm/s~10mm/s,
Laser power is 1000w~1500w, and then obtains the metal material structure for having different thicknesses grain structure structure in different piece
Part.
2. the method that the different parts according to claim 1 in homogeneous materials component construct different thicknesses grain structure,
It is characterized in that：The step 1. in metallographic structure be the metallic material components of cold rolling state or fine grain state include that metallographic structure is initial
It is organized as the metallic material components of cold rolling state or fine grain state, initial structure is coarse-grain state and is obtained after cold rolling combines recrystallization technique
Obtain the metallic material components of cold rolling microstructure or fine grained texture.
3. the different parts according to claim 1 or 2 in homogeneous materials component construct the side of different thicknesses grain structure
Method, it is characterised in that：The metallic material components difference local location includes the local position for being initially cold rolling or fine grain state tissue
It sets, which leaves the allowance of 0mm.
4. the different parts according to claim 1 or 2 in homogeneous materials component construct the side of different thicknesses grain structure
Method, it is characterised in that：The metallic material components difference local location further includes the office for meeting low energy densities laser heat treatment
Portion position, the local location leave 0.05~0.07mm allowance.
5. the different parts according to claim 1 or 2 in homogeneous materials component construct the side of different thicknesses grain structure
Method, it is characterised in that：The metallic material components difference local location further includes the office for meeting high energy density laser heat treatment
Portion position, the local location leave 0.07~0.1mm allowance.
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| CN201610556045.6A CN106181238B (en) | 2016-07-14 | 2016-07-14 | In the method that the different parts of homogeneous materials component construct different thicknesses grain structure |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101967538A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-02-09 | 天津大族烨峤激光技术有限公司 | Surface laser strengthening method for plunger of hydraulic support |
| CA2821165A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-15 | Universe Machine Corporation | Laser heat treatment |
| CN104630682A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-20 | 上海大学 | Method for refining hot-dipping coating material by employing laser heat treatment |
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| US7390689B2 (en) * | 2001-05-25 | 2008-06-24 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Systems and methods for light absorption and field emission using microstructured silicon |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101967538A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-02-09 | 天津大族烨峤激光技术有限公司 | Surface laser strengthening method for plunger of hydraulic support |
| CA2821165A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-15 | Universe Machine Corporation | Laser heat treatment |
| CN104630682A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-20 | 上海大学 | Method for refining hot-dipping coating material by employing laser heat treatment |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 冷轧无取向硅钢表面激光处理的组构改善作用;李慧峰;《第七届（2009）中国钢铁年会论文集（补集）》;20091231;第72-75页 * |
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