CN106162499B - The personalized method and system of a kind of related transfer function - Google Patents
The personalized method and system of a kind of related transfer function Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
- H04S1/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
- H04S1/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
- H04S2420/01—Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD]
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Abstract
The invention belongs to signal processing technology field, there is provided the personalized method and system of a kind of related transfer function.This method and system initially set up distance model, obtain to apart from related sound-source signal, modeled respectively to horizontal angle and elevation angle using PCA afterwards, during HRTF personalized regulation, personalized regulation is carried out to model parameter using to the related sound-source signal of distance, to experience the correct orientation of sound source, then the HRTF of personalization is obtained, realize the combination of structuring HRTF models and PCA coefficient adjustments, because the distance model of foundation take into account the distance between sound source and ears factor, gauger is allowd to experience the change of distance, the HRTF thus obtained personalised effects are good, accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of signal processing, more particularly to a kind of biography related to the head of principal component analysis based on structural model
The personalized method of delivery function, system.
Background technology
With the fast development of virtual reality technology, 3D audios are pursued with its " telepresenc ", " feeling of immersion ".Ears are listened
Feel technology utilizes head related transfer function (Head-Related Transfer Function, HRTF) reduction three-dimensional sound field.
HRTF is the ratio between acoustic pressure of acoustic pressure and free space (when not having observer, the central spot of head) at ear-drum,
It is direction, distance, the function of frequency, and its time-domain representation is a related impulse response (Head-Related Impulse
Response, HRIR), left and right ear has respective HRTF.Binaural technology is by sound source and given locus or so ear
HRIR convolution, play to ears with earphone and listen, obtain Virtual space position, so as to reduce three-dimensional sound field.
Because everyone physiological structure is different, HRTF is also different, in order to preferably reduce three-dimensional sound field, it is necessary to obtain individual
The HRTF of property.In the prior art, HRTF personalized method mainly has：
First, structural model method.Different physiological structures is indicated by this method with various filter constructions, each physiology
Structure individually considers to represent the contribution of each part with a subfilter structure, and the combined effect of all subfilters has represented
Whole HRTF.Filter system in this method is more, it is necessary to which the filter system of regulation is more when obtaining personalized HRTF；And
And this method does not account for the distance between sound source and ears factor, and during HRTF personalized regulation, human ear is listened
It is the foundation of regulation to feel feedback, in order to reduce real three-dimensional sound field, it is necessary to take into account distance factor, otherwise, the HRTF of acquisition
Personalised effects are poor, accuracy is poor.
2nd, principal component analysis (Principal Components Analysis, PCA) method.This method is with PCA to HRTF
Or HRIR modelings, maximum 3~5 base vectors (Principal Component, PC) of selection standard difference, tester passes through tune
Section interface constantly adjusts basal orientation coefficient of discharge (Principal Component Weight, PCW) to obtain accurate space
Sense.Similarly, this method does not account for the distance between sound source and ears factor, cause obtain HRTF personalised effects compared with
Difference, accuracy are poor.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is the personalized method and system for providing a kind of related transfer function, it is intended to solves
Certainly the personalized method for the HRTF that prior art provides does not account for the distance between sound source and ears factor, causes what is obtained
The problem of HRTF personalised effects are poor, accuracy is poor.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that the personalized method of a kind of related transfer function, and methods described includes
Following steps：
S1：Monophonic sound source input signal is carried out to handle with apart from related Gain filter, obtain to apart from related
Left otoacoustic emission source output signal and to distance related auris dextra sound source output signal；
S2：Based on the measurement data of HRTF databases, principal component analysis is carried out to the horizontal angle under ears polar coordinate system, with
HRIR is reconstructed, and with reference to the left otoacoustic emission source output signal and the auris dextra sound source output signal, adjusts HRIR, obtains personalization
HRIR；
S3：Based on the measurement data of HRTF databases, principal component analysis is carried out to the elevation angle under ears polar coordinate system, with
PRIR is reconstructed, and with reference to the left otoacoustic emission source output signal and the auris dextra sound source output signal, adjusts PRIR, obtains personalization
PRIR.
The another object of the embodiment of the present invention is the personalization system for providing a kind of related transfer function, the system
Including：
Gain filter module, for being carried out to monophonic sound source input signal to apart from related Gain filter processing, obtaining
To the left otoacoustic emission source output signal related to distance and the auris dextra sound source output signal related with distance；
Horizontal angle personality module, for the measurement data based on HRTF databases, to the level under ears polar coordinate system
Angle carries out principal component analysis, to reconstruct HRIR, and the left otoacoustic emission source output signal obtained with reference to the Gain filter module
With the auris dextra sound source output signal, HRIR is adjusted, obtains the HRIR of personalization；
Elevation angle personality module, for the measurement data based on HRTF databases, to the height under ears polar coordinate system
Angle carries out principal component analysis, to reconstruct PRIR, and the left otoacoustic emission source output signal obtained with reference to the Gain filter module
With the auris dextra sound source output signal, PRIR is adjusted, obtains the PRIR of personalization.
The personalized method and system of head related transfer function provided by the invention initially set up distance model, obtain with away from
From the sound-source signal of correlation, modeled respectively to horizontal angle and elevation angle using PCA afterwards, in HRTF personalized regulation process
In, personalized regulation is carried out to model parameter using to the related sound-source signal of distance, to experience the correct orientation of sound source, after
And personalized HRTF is obtained, the combination of structuring HRTF models and PCA coefficient adjustments is realized, due to the distance model of foundation
Take into account the distance between sound source and ears factor so that gauger can experience the change of distance, thus obtain
HRTF personalised effects are good, accuracy is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ears polar coordinate system schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the personalized method for the head related transfer function that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 3 is the detail flowchart of Gain filter processing step in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 is the detail flowchart of horizontal angle personalization step in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 5 is the detail flowchart of elevation angle personalization step in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 6 is the detail flowchart of horizontal angle personalization step in the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of the personalization system for the head related transfer function that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of Gain filter module in the embodiment of the present invention three；
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of horizontal angle personality module in the embodiment of the present invention three；
Figure 10 is the structure chart of elevation angle personality module in the embodiment of the present invention three；
Figure 11 is the structure chart of horizontal angle personality module in the embodiment of the present invention four.
Embodiment
Describe the embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
To solve the problems, such as that prior art is present, the present invention initially sets up distance model, obtain to apart from related sound source
Signal, modeled respectively to horizontal angle and elevation angle using PCA afterwards, during HRTF personalized regulation, using with distance
Related sound-source signal carries out personalized regulation to model parameter, to experience the correct orientation of sound source, then obtains personalized
HRTF.
The present invention describes the relative position of sound source and human body using ears polar coordinate system.As shown in figure 1, ears polar coordinates
System is defined using ears line midpoint as the origin of coordinates：Horizontal plane, i.e., through origin plane parallel to the ground；Middle vertical plane,
The plane that will divide equally through origin at left and right sides of human body；Frontal plane, i.e., through origin and ears line, perpendicular to the ground by people
Realize as front and rear two-part plane；Angle between horizontal angle θ, i.e. sound source and origin line and middle vertical plane；Elevation angleI.e.
Sound source and ears line form the angle between half-plane and first half horizontal plane；The incidence angle θ of left earlinc, i.e. origin to sound
The ray and origin in source are to the angle between the ray of left ear；The incidence angle θ of auris dextrarinc, i.e., the ray of origin to sound source with it is former
The angle that point is arrived between the ray of auris dextra；The distance of distance r, i.e. sound source to origin.In the front of tester, horizontal angle θ and
Elevation angleAll it is 0 °；When horizontal angle θ is 0 °, elevation angleChange in middle vertical plane, topFor 90 °, rearFor
180 °, lower sectionFor 270 °；Work as elevation angleFor 0 ° when, horizontal angle θ horizontal plane change, auris dextra be 90 °, rear be 180 °,
Left ear is 270 °.
Describe the implementation of the present invention in detail below with reference to embodiment：
Embodiment one
The embodiment of the present invention one provides the personalized method of a kind of related transfer function, as shown in Fig. 2 including following
Step：
S1：Monophonic sound source input signal is carried out to handle with apart from related Gain filter, obtain to apart from related
Left otoacoustic emission source output signal and to distance related auris dextra sound source output signal.
Further, as shown in figure 3, step S1 comprises the following steps：
S11：Calculate the DC current gain estimate of left earWith the DC current gain estimate of auris dextraWherein, left ear
DC current gain estimateIt is represented by：
The DC current gain estimate of auris dextraIt is represented by：
Wherein, θlincFor the incidence angle of left ear, θrincFor the incidence angle of auris dextra, ρ is sound source and the distance r and head at head center
The ratio of radius, p11、p21、q11、q21Respectively polynomial coefficient, it can be obtained by looking into following table one such as：
Table one
In Table 1, the incidence angle θ of left earlincOr the incidence angle θ of auris dextrarincSpan be 0 °, 10 ° ..., 180 °,
If the incidence angle θ of actually measured left earlincOr the incidence angle θ of auris dextrarincValue not in this scope, then can be to neighbouring angle
Result of calculation carry out linear interpolation and obtain.For example, if the incidence angle θ of actually measured left earlinc=5 °, then distinguish
Calculate the incidence angle θ of left earlinc=0 ° and the incidence angle θ of left earlincThe DC current gain estimate of left ear at=10 °It
Two obtained values are averaged afterwards, the incidence angle θ as left earlincThe DC current gain estimate of left ear at=5 °I.e.
Can.
S12：Calculate the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of left earlshWith the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of auris dextrarsh。
Near field transfer function Gl0(or Gr0) amplitude-frequency response the characteristics of be：When the incidence angle θ of left earlinc(or auris dextra enters
Firing angle θrinc) it is smaller when, the similar frequency response for tilting mode filter of amplitude-frequency response, with the incidence angle θ of left earlinc(or auris dextra enters
Firing angle θrinc) increase, low-pass characteristic is gradually presented in amplitude-frequency response.In the present invention, using the first order IIR filtering device H of left earlshRetouch
State incidence angle θ of the amplitude-frequency response with left earlincVariation characteristic, using the first order IIR filtering device H of auris dextrarshAmplitude-frequency response is described
With the incidence angle θ of auris dextrarincVariation characteristic.
In the present invention, the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of left earlshZ domains expression formula be：
Wherein,
Hl0=Vl0-1
Wherein, fsFor sample frequency,For the high-frequency gain of left ear,For the cut frequency of left ear,WithIt can distinguish
It is expressed as：
Wherein, p12、p22、q12、q22Respectively polynomial coefficient, it can be obtained by looking into following table two such as：
Table two
Wherein, p13、p23、p33、q13、q23Respectively polynomial coefficient, it can be obtained by looking into following table three such as：
Table three
Similarly, in the present invention, the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of auris dextrarshZ domains expression formula be：
Wherein,
Hr0=Vr0-1
Wherein, fsFor sample frequency,For the high-frequency gain of auris dextra,For the cut frequency of auris dextra,WithIt can divide
It is not expressed as：
Wherein, p12、p22、q12、q22Respectively polynomial coefficient, it can be obtained by looking into upper table two such as.Wherein, p13、p23、
p33、q13、q23Respectively polynomial coefficient, it can be obtained by looking into upper table three such as.
S13：Calculate left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t) so that：
Wherein, x (t) is the monophonic sound source signal of input, and " " represents to be multiplied, and " * " represents convolution.
S2：Based on the measurement data of HRTF databases, principal component analysis is carried out to the horizontal angle under ears polar coordinate system, with
HRIR is reconstructed, and combines left otoacoustic emission source output signal and auris dextra sound source output signal, adjusts HRIR, obtains the HRIR of personalization.
Wherein, HRTF databases can be KEMER-MIT databases, LISTEN databases, CIPIC databases, for just
In description, the present invention only illustrates by taking CIPIC as an example.The measurement object of CIPIC databases includes 43 true man and 2 average
Dummy head, elevation angle 50,230.625 ° are changed to from -45 °, horizontal angle 25,80 ° are changed to from -80 °, 1250 altogether
Space measurement orientation, each HRIR have 200 sampled datas, length 4.5ms.Especially, CIPIC databases horizontal plane has 50
Individual horizontal angle (elevation angle is 0 ° and 180 ° each 25 horizontal angle, namely gauger just before, each 25 horizontal angles in dead astern), this
The scope at literary setting height angle is -40 ° to 90 °, and step-length is 10 °.Meanwhile CIPIC databases also included measured the head breadth,
The measurement result of long some physiology sizes of grade.
Further, as shown in figure 4, step S2 may include following steps：
S201：Build NhRow, MhThe source data matrix X of rowh。
In embodiment one, based on the measurement data of HRTF databases, structure source data matrix Xh.Because every HRIR has
200 sampled datas, left and right ear come to 400, therefore Nh=400.Due to CIPIC databases totally 45 measured, often
One measured is in 50 angular surveying HRTF of horizontal plane, therefore Mh=45 × 50=2250.
S202：To source data matrix XhAverage is gone, obtains the matrix B after averageh。
Specifically, step S202 comprises the following steps again：
First, to source data matrix XhEach row element average, it is N to obtain a dimensionh× 1 column vector μh, table
It is shown as：
Wherein, n represents sampling number, n=1,2 ..., Nh.Afterwards, to source data matrix XhAverage is gone, if dimension is 1
×MhRow vector hh, row vector hhIn each element be 1, then the matrix B gone after averagehIt is expressed as：
Bh=Xh-μhhh
S203：Using going the matrix B after averageh, calculate covariance matrix Ch, it is expressed as：
Wherein,Apposition is represented, " H " represents conjugate transposition, obtained covariance matrix ChDimension be Nh×Nh。
S204：To covariance matrix ChSingular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vh, and obtain basal orientation coefficient of discharge square
Battle array Wh。
In the present invention, to covariance matrix ChSingular value decomposition is carried out, with qhVector corresponding to individual maximum singular value is Nh×
The base vector v of 1 dimensionhi, i=1,2 ..., qh, qhIndividual base vector forms base vector matrix Vh, it is expressed as：
Vh=[v1,v2,…,vqh]
Base vector coefficient matrix WhIt is expressed as：
Wh=Vh TBh
Base vector coefficient matrix WhIn dimension be qh×Mh, its each each base vector of element representation is to matrix BhTribute
Offer, matrix BhCan be by qhThe linear combination of individual base vector is reconstructed, if qh=Nh, then can Perfect Reconstruction matrix Bh, it is actual
Middle qhLess than Nh, can still obtain higher reconstruction accuracy.
S205：Calculate the HRIR matrixes of reconstructIt is expressed as：
Reconstructed error ehIt is expressed as：
X thereinhiIt is XhColumn vector.In the present invention, qhPreferably 25, then eh<5%.
S206：To each base vector of each horizontal angle, the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of whole gaugers in HRTF databases is calculated
AverageAnd standard deviationMeet：
Wherein, θ represents horizontal angle, and value is 0 °, 5 ° ..., 45 °, 55 °, 65 °, 80 °, 100 °, 115 °, 125 °, 135 °,
140 ° ..., 225 °, 235 °, 245 °, 260 °, 280 °, 295 °, 305 °, 315 °, 320 ° ..., 355 °, ihValue 1,2 ..., qh,Represent j-th of measured in horizontal angle θ i-thhThe principal component coefficient of individual basic function.
S207：To each horizontal angle, before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharge average, and combine
Left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction is adjusted,
So that the sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal.
Because the amplitude that the average of preceding 5 basal orientation coefficient of discharges changes with horizontal angle is larger, standard deviation is also larger, and other bases
For the average of vectorial coefficient substantially without conversion, standard deviation is smaller, thus the present invention only adjust before 5 standard deviation maximums when corresponding basal orientation
The average of coefficient of discharge, the average of other basal orientation coefficient of discharges are not adjusted.
Specifically, with reference to left otoacoustic emission source output signal and auris dextra sound source output signal, to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction
Average is adjusted, so that the optimal step in the sound bearing angle that is subject to of winner's perception can be specified as：Under each horizontal angle, press
According to the average of the order of standard deviation from big to small, sequentially 5 corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharges of adjustment, for each basal orientation coefficient of discharge
Average, adjustable range are ± 3 σ, adjust the σ of step-length 0.2, and the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge to currently adjusting first increases Δ PCW, its
The average of its basal orientation coefficient of discharge keeps constant, compares whether the filtered sound bearing angles of HRIR being respectively synthesized before and after regulation become
Change, if unchanged, increase Δ PCW, if changing, reduce Δ PCW, the change of sound bearing angle can be experienced until finding
Minimum delta PCW, complete the first round regulation.So it is repeatedly completed the three-wheel regulation to the average of 5 basal orientation coefficient of discharges.
S208：The matrix and corresponding basal orientation moment matrix formed according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge after adjustment, after being adjusted
HRIR, the personalized HRIR as obtained.Specific calculating process does not repeat as described in abovementioned steps S205.
S3：Based on the measurement data of HRTF databases, principal component analysis is carried out to the elevation angle under ears polar coordinate system, with
Reconstruct and auricle related impulse response (Pinna-Related Impulse Response, PRIR), and it is defeated to combine left otoacoustic emission source
Go out signal and auris dextra sound source output signal, adjust PRIR, obtain the PRIR of personalization.
Further, as shown in figure 5, step S3 may include following steps：
S300：By the HRIR of the left ear of 14 elevation angles initial delay removes on middle vertical plane in HRTF databases, and add
1.5ms Hanning windows, obtain PRIR.
S301：Build NvRow, MvThe source data matrix X of rowv。
Wherein, because the HRTF of CIPIC databases sample frequency is 44.1KHZ, after adding 1.5ms Hanning windows, only take
1.5ms data, therefore Nv=44.1 × 1.5=66.Due to CIPIC databases totally 45 measured, each 14 height of measured
Angle, therefore Mv=45 × 14=630.
S302：To source data matrix XvAverage is gone, obtains the matrix B after averagev。
Specifically, step S302 comprises the following steps again：
First, to source data matrix XvEach row element average, it is N to obtain a dimensionv× 1 column vector μv, table
It is shown as：
Wherein, n represents sampling number, n=1,2 ..., Nv.Afterwards, to source data matrix XvAverage is gone, if dimension is 1
×MvRow vector hv, row vector hvIn each element be 1, then the matrix B gone after averagevIt is expressed as：
Bv=Xv-μvhv
S303：Using going the matrix B after averagev, calculate covariance matrix Cv, it is expressed as：
Wherein,Apposition is represented, " H " represents conjugate transposition, obtained covariance matrix CvDimension be Nv×Nv。
S304：To covariance matrix CvSingular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vv, and obtain basal orientation coefficient of discharge square
Battle array Wv。
In the present invention, to covariance matrix CvSingular value decomposition is carried out, with qvVector corresponding to individual maximum singular value is Nv×
The base vector v of 1 dimensionvi, i=1,2 ..., qv, qvIndividual base vector forms base vector matrix Vv, it is expressed as：
Base vector coefficient matrix WvIt is expressed as：
Wv=Vv TBv
Base vector coefficient matrix WvIn dimension be qv×Mv, its each each base vector of element representation is to matrix BvTribute
Offer, matrix BvCan be by qvThe linear combination of individual base vector is reconstructed, if qv=Nv, then can Perfect Reconstruction matrix Bv, it is actual
Middle qvLess than Nv, can still obtain higher reconstruction accuracy.
S305：Calculate the PRIR matrixes of reconstructIt is expressed as：
Reconstructed error evIt is expressed as：
X thereinviIt is XvColumn vector.In the present invention, qvPreferably 12, then ev<5%.
S306：To each base vector of each elevation angle, the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of whole gaugers in HRTF databases is calculated
AverageAnd standard deviationMeet：
Wherein,Elevation angle is represented, value is -40 °, -30 ° ..., 90 °, ivValue 1,2 ..., qv,Represent jth
Individual measured is in elevation angleI-thvThe principal component coefficient of individual basic function.
S307：To each elevation angle, before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharge average, and combine
Left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction is adjusted,
So that the sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal.
Similarly, with reference to left otoacoustic emission source output signal and auris dextra sound source output signal, to the equal of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction
Value is adjusted, so that the optimal step in the sound bearing angle that is subject to of winner's perception can be specified as：Under each elevation angle, according to
The order of standard deviation from big to small, the average of 5 corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharges is sequentially adjusted, for the equal of each basal orientation coefficient of discharge
Value, adjustable range be ± 3 σ, adjusts the σ of step-length 0.2, first the average increase Δ PCW to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge that currently adjusts, other
The average of basal orientation coefficient of discharge keeps constant, compares whether the filtered sound bearing angles of PRIR being respectively synthesized before and after regulation become
Change, if unchanged, increase Δ PCW, if changing, reduce Δ PCW, the change of sound bearing angle can be experienced until finding
Minimum delta PCW, complete the first round regulation.So it is repeatedly completed the three-wheel regulation to the average of 5 basal orientation coefficient of discharges.
S308：The matrix and corresponding basal orientation moment matrix formed according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge after adjustment, after being adjusted
PRIR, the personalized PRIR as obtained.Specific calculating process does not repeat as described in abovementioned steps S305.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the present invention two provides the personalized method of a kind of related transfer function.It is different from embodiment one, be
The positioning of improvement horizontal angle, further optimizes personalised effects, as shown in fig. 6, before step S201, may also include following step
Suddenly：
S200：Left ear HRIR and auris dextra HRIR of each gauger in HRTF databases under each horizontal angle are removed just
Beginning time delay, afterwards by every HRIR ends zero padding to 200 sampled points.
Now, it is further comprising the steps of after step S208：
S209：The initial delay of every HRIR in HRTF databases is adjusted, when gauger is not felt by horizontal angle change,
Time delay value now is added on the corresponding HRIR after adjustment.
Wherein, the regulation initial value of initial delayFor the time delay average value of sound source to whole gaugers or so ear, table
It is shown as：
Wherein,For elevation angle,It is j-th of gauger in elevation angleTime delay.The scope of regulation is ± 3 times of standards
Difference, standard deviationMeet：
Other method and steps description of embodiment two is identical with embodiment one, does not repeat.Below with a subjective auditory experiment
Illustrate the locating effect of the HRTF after the personalization of embodiment two：
Assuming that 4 gaugers (including 2 males, 2 women) use the average dummy head (subject_ of CIPIC databases respectively
165) HRTF and the HRTF obtained through the personalization of embodiment two carry out azimuth positioning experiment, enter line-spacing with the HRTF of personalization
It is as follows from positioning experiment, Setup Experiments：
Distance positioning is tested, θ=90 °,Distance is 20cm, 40cm, 75cm, 130cm；
Horizontal angle positioning experiment, distance is 50cm,θ=0 °, 30 ° ..., 330 °；
Elevation angle positioning experiment, distance is 50cm, θ=0 °,0 ° ..., 90 °.
Every group of experiment is repeated 5 times, and upsets order at random, and 4 gaugers are respectively completed 20 groups of Distance positioning experiments, 60 groups of water
Straight angle positioning experiment, 25 groups of elevation angle positioning experiments.Experiment is carried out on a notebook computer, is made a sound with a bit of voice
Source, earphone used are Sen Haisaier HD201.Before experiment, gauger distinguishes two HRTF databases of audition in orientation given herein above
Sound, adjust the distance, horizontal angle, elevation angle has perception.
Experimental result is as shown in following table four：
Table four
From table four, the Average Accuracy of Distance positioning experiment is 80%.Using subject_165 HRTF, four
The average positional accuracy of the horizontal angle of gauger is 35%, is 52% comprising the front and rear positional accuracy obscured.By personalization
Regulation, positional accuracy improve 12.5%, and front and rear aliasing error reduces.Adjusted by personalization, elevation angle averagely positions standard
Exactness improves 14%.
Embodiment three
The embodiment of the present invention three provides the personalization system of a kind of related transfer function.As shown in fig. 7, comprises：Increase
Beneficial filtration module 1, for carrying out handling with apart from related Gain filter to monophonic sound source input signal, obtain with apart from phase
Close left otoacoustic emission source output signal and to distance related auris dextra sound source output signal；Horizontal angle personality module 2, for base
In the measurement data of HRTF databases, principal component analysis is carried out to the horizontal angle under ears polar coordinate system, to reconstruct HRIR, and tied
Left otoacoustic emission source output signal and auris dextra sound source output signal that Gain filter module 1 obtains are closed, HRIR is adjusted, obtains personalization
HRIR；Elevation angle personality module 3, for the measurement data based on HRTF databases, to the elevation angle under ears polar coordinate system
Principal component analysis is carried out, to reconstruct PRIR, and combines left otoacoustic emission source output signal and auris dextra sound source that Gain filter module 1 obtains
Output signal, PRIR is adjusted, obtain the PRIR of personalization.
Further, as shown in figure 8, Gain filter module 1 may include：First calculating sub module 11, for calculating left ear
DC current gain estimateWith the DC current gain estimate of auris dextraIts calculation formula does not repeat as described in embodiment one；
Second calculating sub module 12, for calculating the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of left earlshWith the first order IIR filtering device coefficient of auris dextra
hrsh, its calculation formula do not repeat as described in embodiment one；3rd calculating sub module 13, for calculating left otoacoustic emission source output signal
ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), its calculation formula does not repeat as described in embodiment one.
Further, as shown in figure 9, horizontal angle personality module 2 may include：First matrix builds submodule 201, is used for
Build NhRow, MhThe source data matrix X of rowh, to source data matrix XhDescription as described in embodiment one, do not repeat；First goes
It is worth submodule 202, for source data matrix XhAverage is gone, obtains the matrix B after averageh, the implementation procedure such as embodiment one
In step S202 described in, do not repeat；4th calculating sub module 203, for utilizing the matrix B after going averageh, calculate covariance
Matrix Ch, calculation formula do not repeat as described in embodiment one；Second matrix builds submodule 204, for covariance matrix Ch
Singular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vh, and obtain base vector coefficient matrix Wh, calculation formula as described in embodiment one,
Do not repeat；5th calculating sub module 205, for calculating the HRIR matrixes of reconstructCalculation formula is as described in embodiment one, no
Repeat；6th calculating sub module 206, for each base vector to each horizontal angle, calculate and all measured in HRTF databases
The average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of personAnd standard deviationCalculation formula does not repeat as described in embodiment one；First
Adjust submodule 207, for each horizontal angle, before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharge average, and
With reference to left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction is carried out
Regulation, so that the sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal, the specific step S207 institutes adjusted in process such as embodiment one
State, do not repeat；First adjustment submodule 208, for the matrix formed according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge after adjustment and corresponding basal orientation
Moment matrix, the HRIR after being adjusted, the personalized HRIR as obtained.Specific calculating process such as abovementioned steps S205 institutes
State, do not repeat.
Further, as shown in Figure 10, elevation angle personality module 3 may include：PRIR acquisition submodules 300, for inciting somebody to action
The HRIR of the left ear of 14 elevation angles initial delay removes on middle vertical plane in HRTF databases, and adds 1.5ms Hanning windows, obtains
PRIR；3rd matrix builds submodule 301, for building NvRow, MvThe source data matrix X of rowv, to source data matrix XvRetouch
State as described in embodiment one, do not repeat；Second removes average submodule 302, for source data matrix XvAverage is gone, is obtained
Matrix B after valuev, its implementation procedure do not repeat as described in embodiment one；7th calculating sub module 303, average is gone for utilizing
Matrix B afterwardsv, calculate covariance matrix Cv, calculation formula do not repeat as described in embodiment one；4th matrix builds submodule
304, for covariance matrix CvSingular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vv, and obtain base vector coefficient matrix Wv,
Calculation formula does not repeat as described in embodiment one；8th calculating sub module 305, for calculating the PRIR matrixes of reconstructMeter
Formula is calculated as described in embodiment one, is not repeated；9th calculating sub module 306, for each base vector to each elevation angle, meter
Calculate the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of whole gaugers in HRTF databasesAnd standard deviationCalculation formula is as implemented
Described in example one, do not repeat；Second regulation submodule 307, for each elevation angle, being corresponded to before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums
Basal orientation coefficient of discharge average, and combine left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), to extraction
The average of basal orientation coefficient of discharge is adjusted, so that the sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal, it is specific to adjust process strictly according to the facts
Apply described in the step S307 in example one, do not repeat；Second adjustment submodule 308, for according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge structure after adjustment
Into matrix and corresponding basal orientation moment matrix, the PRIR after being adjusted, the personalized PRIR as obtained.It is specific to calculate
Process does not repeat as described in abovementioned steps S305.
Example IV
The embodiment of the present invention four provides the personalization system of a kind of related transfer function.It is different from embodiment three, be
The positioning of improvement horizontal angle, further optimizes personalised effects, as shown in figure 11, horizontal angle personality module 2 also includes：When going
Prolong submodule 200, for being gone to left ear HRIR and auris dextra HRIR of each gauger under each horizontal angle in HRTF databases
Except initial delay, afterwards by every HRIR ends zero padding to 200 sampled points, submodule 201 is built by the first matrix afterwards
Continued executing with according to the implementing result of time delay submodule 200 is gone；Initial delay adjusts and additional submodule 209, for being adjusted first
After whole submodule 208 is finished, the initial delay of every HRIR in HRTF databases is adjusted, when gauger is not felt by level
When angle changes, time delay value now is added on the corresponding HRIR after adjustment, the regulation process such as embodiment to initial delay
Described in two, do not repeat.
Other system architectures of example IV are identical with embodiment three, do not repeat.
In summary, the personalized method of head related transfer function provided by the invention and system are initially set up apart from mould
Type, obtain to apart from related sound-source signal, being modeled respectively to horizontal angle and elevation angle using PCA afterwards, in HRTF individual character
During changing regulation, personalized regulation is carried out to model parameter using to the related sound-source signal of distance, to experience sound source
Correct orientation, the HRTF of personalization is then obtained, the combination of structuring HRTF models and PCA coefficient adjustments is realized, due to building
Vertical distance model take into account the distance between sound source and ears factor so that and gauger can experience the change of distance,
Thus the HRTF of acquisition personalised effects are good, accuracy is high.Further, the personalized regulation model of distance model, horizontal angle and height
Degree angle personalization adjustment module uses cascade system, simplifies HRTF individuation process, and execution efficiency is high.Further, for every
One horizontal angle or elevation angle, 5 principal component coefficients only need to be adjusted, the coefficient of regulation is few.Finally, in the personalized tune of horizontal angle
In section, before regulation, the initial delay of the HRIR in HRTF databases is removed, and after HRIR regulations, adjusts initial delay
To change sound source to the difference of the time delay of left and right ear, on the HRIR obtained by the initial delay after regulation is attached to afterwards, so as to
Horizontal angle positioning is improved, further optimizes personalised effects.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
1. the personalized method of a kind of related transfer function, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
S1：Monophonic sound source input signal is carried out to handle with apart from related Gain filter, obtain to apart from related left ear
Sound source output signal and to distance related auris dextra sound source output signal；
S2：Based on the measurement data of HRTF databases, principal component analysis is carried out to the horizontal angle under ears polar coordinate system, with reconstruct
HRIR, and with reference to the left otoacoustic emission source output signal and the auris dextra sound source output signal, adjust HRIR, obtain personalization
HRIR；
S3：Based on the measurement data of HRTF databases, principal component analysis is carried out to the elevation angle under ears polar coordinate system, with reconstruct
PRIR, and with reference to the left otoacoustic emission source output signal and the auris dextra sound source output signal, adjust PRIR, obtain personalization
PRIR；
The step S2 comprises the following steps：
S201：Build NhRow, MhThe source data matrix X of rowh；
S202：To the source data matrix XhAverage is gone, obtains the matrix B after averageh；
S203：Using going the matrix B after averageh, calculate covariance matrix Ch, it is expressed as：
S204：To the covariance matrix ChSingular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vh, and obtain basal orientation coefficient of discharge square
Battle array Wh, it is expressed as：
Wh=Vh TBh；
S205：Calculate the HRIR matrixes of reconstructIt is expressed as：
Wherein, μhFor to the source data matrix XhEach row element average obtained from dimension be Nh× 1 row to
Amount, hhIt is 1 × M for dimensionhRow vector, row vector hhIn each element be 1；
S206：To each base vector of each horizontal angle, the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of whole gaugers is equal in calculating HRTF databases
ValueAnd standard deviationMeet：
Wherein, θ represents horizontal angle, and value is 0 °, 5 ° ..., 45 °, 55 °, 65 °, 80 °, 100 °, 115 °, 125 °, 135 °,
140 ° ..., 225 °, 235 °, 245 °, 260 °, 280 °, 295 °, 305 °, 315 °, 320 ° ..., 355 °, ihValue 1,2 ..., qh,Represent j-th of measured in horizontal angle θ i-thhThe principal component coefficient of individual basic function；
S207：To each horizontal angle, before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharge average, and combine left ear
Sound source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction is adjusted, so that
The sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal；
S208：The matrix and corresponding basal orientation moment matrix formed according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge after adjustment, the HRIR after being adjusted,
The personalized HRIR as obtained.
2. the personalized method of as claimed in claim 1 related transfer function, it is characterised in that the step S1 include with
Lower step：
S11：Calculate the DC current gain estimate of left earWith the DC current gain estimate of auris dextra, meet：
Wherein, θlincFor the incidence angle of left ear, θrincFor the incidence angle of auris dextra, ρ is sound source and the distance r and head radius at head center
Ratio, p11、p21、q11、q21Respectively polynomial coefficient；
S12：Calculate the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of left earlshWith the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of auris dextrarsh；
S13：Calculate left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t) so that：
Wherein, x (t) is the monophonic sound source signal of input, and " " represents to be multiplied, and " * " represents convolution.
3. the personalized method of as claimed in claim 2 related transfer function, it is characterised in that the single order of the left ear
Iir filter coefficient hlshZ domains expression formula be：
Wherein,
Hl0=Vl0-1
Wherein, fsFor sample frequency,For the high-frequency gain of left ear,For the cut frequency of left ear,WithIt can represent respectively
For：
Wherein, p12、p22、q12、q22Respectively polynomial coefficient, p13、p23、p33、q13、q23Respectively polynomial coefficient；
The first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of the auris dextrarshZ domains expression formula be：
Wherein,
Hr0=Vr0-1
Wherein, fsFor sample frequency,For the high-frequency gain of auris dextra,For the cut frequency of auris dextra,WithTable can be distinguished
It is shown as：
4. the personalized method of as claimed in claim 1 related transfer function, it is characterised in that the step S201 it
Before, methods described is further comprising the steps of：
S200：When removing initial to left ear HRIR and auris dextra HRIR of each gauger in HRTF databases under each horizontal angle
Prolong, afterwards by every HRIR ends zero padding to 200 sampled points；
After the step S208, methods described is further comprising the steps of：
S209：The initial delay of every HRIR in HRTF databases is adjusted, when gauger is not felt by horizontal angle change, by this
When time delay value be added to adjustment after corresponding HRIR on.
5. the personalized method of as claimed in claim 1 related transfer function, it is characterised in that the step S3 include with
Lower step：
S300：By the HRIR of the left ear of 14 elevation angles initial delay removes on middle vertical plane in HRTF databases, and add 1.5ms
Hanning window, obtain PRIR；
S301：Build NvRow, MvThe source data matrix X of rowv；
S302：To the source data matrix XvAverage is gone, obtains the matrix B after averagev；
S303：Using going the matrix B after averagev, calculate covariance matrix Cv, it is expressed as：
S304：To covariance matrix CvSingular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vv, and obtain base vector coefficient matrix Wv,
It is expressed as：
Wv=Vv TBv；
S305：Calculate the PRIR matrixes of reconstructIt is expressed as：
Wherein, μvFor to the source data matrix XvEach row element average obtained from dimension be Nv× 1 row to
Amount, hvIt is 1 × M for dimensionvRow vector, row vector hvIn each element be 1；
S306：To each base vector of each elevation angle, the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of whole gaugers is equal in calculating HRTF databases
ValueAnd standard deviationMeet：
Wherein,Elevation angle is represented, value is -40 °, -30 ° ..., 90 °, ivValue 1,2 ..., qv,Represent j-th of quilt
Survey person is in elevation angleI-thvThe principal component coefficient of individual basic function；
S307：To each elevation angle, before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharge average, and combine left ear
Sound source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction is adjusted, so that
The sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal；
S308：The matrix and corresponding basal orientation moment matrix formed according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge after adjustment, the PRIR after being adjusted,
The personalized PRIR as obtained.
6. the personalization system of a kind of related transfer function, it is characterised in that the system includes：
Gain filter module, for carrying out handling with apart from related Gain filter to monophonic sound source input signal, obtain and
The related left otoacoustic emission source output signal of distance and to the related auris dextra sound source output signal of distance；
Horizontal angle personality module, for the measurement data based on HRTF databases, the horizontal angle under ears polar coordinate system is entered
Row principal component analysis, to reconstruct HRIR, and the left otoacoustic emission source output signal obtained with reference to the Gain filter module and institute
Auris dextra sound source output signal is stated, adjusts HRIR, obtains the HRIR of personalization；
Elevation angle personality module, for the measurement data based on HRTF databases, the elevation angle under ears polar coordinate system is entered
Row principal component analysis, to reconstruct PRIR, and the left otoacoustic emission source output signal obtained with reference to the Gain filter module and institute
Auris dextra sound source output signal is stated, adjusts PRIR, obtains the PRIR of personalization；
The horizontal angle personality module includes：
First matrix builds submodule, for building NhRow, MhThe source data matrix X of rowh；
First removes average submodule, for the source data matrix XhAverage is gone, obtains the matrix B after averageh；
4th calculating sub module, for utilizing the matrix B after going averageh, calculate covariance matrix Ch, it is expressed as：
Second matrix builds submodule, for the covariance matrix ChSingular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vh,
And obtain base vector coefficient matrix Wh, it is expressed as：
Wh=Vh TBh；
5th calculating sub module, for calculating the HRIR matrixes of reconstructIt is expressed as：
Wherein, μhFor to the source data matrix XhEach row element average obtained from dimension be Nh× 1 row to
Amount, hhIt is 1 × M for dimensionhRow vector, row vector hhIn each element be 1；
6th calculating sub module, for each base vector to each horizontal angle, calculate whole gaugers in HRTF databases
The average of basal orientation coefficient of dischargeAnd standard deviationMeet：
Wherein, θ represents horizontal angle, and value is 0 °, 5 ° ..., 45 °, 55 °, 65 °, 80 °, 100 °, 115 °, 125 °, 135 °,
140 ° ..., 225 °, 235 °, 245 °, 260 °, 280 °, 295 °, 305 °, 315 °, 320 ° ..., 355 °, ihValue 1,2 ..., qh,Represent j-th of measured in horizontal angle θ i-thhThe principal component coefficient of individual basic function；
First regulation submodule, for each horizontal angle, before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharge it is equal
Value, and combine left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), to the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction
It is adjusted, so that the sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal；
First adjustment submodule, for the matrix formed according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge after adjustment and corresponding basal orientation moment matrix, is obtained
HRIR after to adjustment, the personalized HRIR as obtained.
7. the personalization system of as claimed in claim 6 related transfer function, it is characterised in that the Gain filter module
Including：
First calculating sub module, for calculating the DC current gain estimate of left earWith the DC current gain estimate of auris dextraIt is full
Foot：
Wherein, θlincFor the incidence angle of left ear, θrincFor the incidence angle of auris dextra, ρ is sound source and the distance r and head radius at head center
Ratio, p11、p21、q11、q21Respectively polynomial coefficient；
Second calculating sub module, for calculating the first order IIR filtering device coefficient h of left earlshWith the first order IIR filtering device system of auris dextra
Number hrsh；
3rd calculating sub module, for calculating left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t) so that：
Wherein, x (t) is the monophonic sound source signal of input, and " " represents to be multiplied, and " * " represents convolution.
8. the personalization system of as claimed in claim 6 related transfer function, it is characterised in that the elevation angle is personalized
Module includes：
PRIR acquisition submodules, for by HRTF databases on middle vertical plane the HRIR of the left ear of 14 elevation angles initial delay
Remove, and add 1.5ms Hanning windows, obtain PRIR；
3rd matrix builds submodule, for building NvRow, MvThe source data matrix X of rowv；
Second removes average submodule, for the source data matrix XvAverage is gone, obtains the matrix B after averagev；
7th calculating sub module, for utilizing the matrix B after going averagev, calculate covariance matrix Cv, it is expressed as：
4th matrix builds submodule, for covariance matrix CvSingular value decomposition is carried out, builds base vector matrix Vv, and
To base vector coefficient matrix Wv, it is expressed as：
Wv=Vv TBv；
8th calculating sub module, for calculating the PRIR matrixes of reconstructIt is expressed as：
Wherein, μvFor to the source data matrix XvEach row element average obtained from dimension be Nv× 1 row to
Amount, hvIt is 1 × M for dimensionvRow vector, row vector hvIn each element be 1；
9th calculating sub module, for each base vector to each elevation angle, calculate whole gaugers in HRTF databases
The average of basal orientation coefficient of dischargeAnd standard deviationMeet：
Wherein,Elevation angle is represented, value is -40 °, -30 ° ..., 90 °, ivValue 1,2 ..., qv,Represent j-th of quilt
Survey person is in elevation angleI-thvThe principal component coefficient of individual basic function；
Second regulation submodule, for each elevation angle, before extraction during 5 standard deviation maximums corresponding basal orientation coefficient of discharge it is equal
Value, and combine left otoacoustic emission source output signal ylAnd auris dextra sound source output signal y (t)r(t), to the average of the basal orientation coefficient of discharge of extraction
It is adjusted, so that the sound bearing angle that winner's perception is subject to is optimal；
Second adjustment submodule, for the matrix formed according to the basal orientation coefficient of discharge after adjustment and corresponding basal orientation moment matrix, is obtained
PRIR after to adjustment, the personalized PRIR as obtained.
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