CN106160466B - Switching power unit - Google Patents
Switching power unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106160466B CN106160466B CN201510133322.8A CN201510133322A CN106160466B CN 106160466 B CN106160466 B CN 106160466B CN 201510133322 A CN201510133322 A CN 201510133322A CN 106160466 B CN106160466 B CN 106160466B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of switching power unit.Switching power unit is the buck converter of diode (D2), it is directed to input voltage, it is connected in series with switch element (Q1), reactor (L1) and capacitor (C2), and it is connected in parallel with reactor (L1) and capacitor (C2), the switching power unit is by making switch element (Q1) to carry out turn-on deadline movement, to the output voltage (Vo) of output capacitor (C2), have:Export the soft starting circuit (14) of soft-sphere model indication signal;And it detects overload and exports the overload detection circuit (15) of soft-sphere model indication signal, also there are driving circuit (11), when being entered soft-sphere model indication signal, the soft-sphere model of the charging rate of the grid voltage when charging rate of grid voltage when by making through threshold voltage of the grid is lower than usually movement acts that switch element (Q1) is made to carry out turn-on deadline movement the driving circuit (11).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to exported the input voltage supplied from input power for desired output electricity by switch motion
The buck converter of pressure.
Background technique
Following technology is proposed about buck converter, according to the potential difference between input voltage and output voltage,
The maximum turn-on time for limiting driving signal, to constitute overcurrent protection circuit (for example, referring to patent document 1).In patent
In document 1, input voltage and output voltage are detected using gate, according between input voltage and output voltage
Potential difference limits the time that driving signal is the 1st state.As described in the embodiment 1 of patent document 1, which is in input voltage
It is effective in the lesser situation of the mobility scales such as 8V~5V.
1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2005-312105 bulletin of patent document
However, rectify smoothly in the alternating voltage to commercial ac power source, it is smoothed out to rectifying by PWM control
High voltage carries out switch motion, such as in the case where exporting the low-voltage of 12V etc., (when starting, overloads/bears in transition state
When carrying short circuit) when, it needs to further reduce conducting width and is controlled.However, by commercial ac power source feelings as input
Under condition, the potential difference between input and output is larger, and the input variation of commercial ac power source is also larger, therefore rectifies smoothed out
Voltage can also change, and then the amplitude of fluctuation of the potential difference between input and output becomes larger.Further, since the electricity between input and output
Pressure difference is larger, thus the conducting width itself when specified movement can become the conducting width of short period.Only with for obtaining volume
The limitation for determining the conducting width maximum value of electric power, the conducting width become shorter is unable to control in overload/load short circuits, is switched
The several times size of current value when electric current can increase to specified.Therefore, it is necessary to the switching currents and electric current when using tolerable transition
The countermeasure of the biggish switch element of capacitor etc. and expensive.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problem of the prior art in view of the above problems, providing one kind can press down
The switching power unit of the buck converter of switching current when transition processed.
Switching power unit of the invention is a kind of buck converter, by DC power supply and the string for being connected to DC power supply
Connection connection circuit is constituted, which is connected in series by switch element, reactor and capacitor, in turn, two poles
It manages and is connected in parallel with the series-connection circuit of the reactor and the capacitor, supplied from the two-terminal of the capacitor to load
To electric power, which is characterized in that there is control circuit, which makes the switch element carry out conduction and cut-off movement, thus
The voltage of the capacitor is controlled as defined voltage, the control circuit has:Soft starting circuit;Detect the overload of overload
Detection circuit;And the driving circuit of the driving switch element, the driving circuit the soft starting circuit movement or
In the movement of overload detection circuit, the switch element is set to carry out turn-on deadline movement by soft-sphere model movement, wherein at this
Grid in soft-sphere model movement, when the charging rate of grid voltage when making through the threshold voltage of the grid is lower than usually movement
The charging rate of voltage.
According to the present invention, the peak value that can get switch element when inhibiting overload/load short circuits, is able to use rated current
The effect of lesser switch element.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram for indicating the circuit structure of embodiment of switching power unit of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram for indicating the circuit structure of embodiment of controller IC shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram for indicating the circuit structure of driving circuit shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is usual movement and the figure of the gate charges speed of soft-sphere model movement for indicating switch element shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the explanatory diagram during illustrating soft-sphere model that soft starting circuit 14 as shown in Figure 2 is set.
Fig. 6 is the switch element Q1 indicated in the case where carrying out usual drive actions in overload and carry out soft-sphere model movement
Drain current waveform diagram.
Label declaration
1:Controller IC;2:Control circuit;11:Driving circuit;12:OSC (internal oscillator);13:Adjuster;14:It is soft
Starting circuit;15:Overload detection circuit;21:1st leads general purpose switching elements;22:2nd leads general purpose switching elements;23:Cut-off is used
Switch element;31:1st conducting driving resistance;32:2nd conducting driving resistance;33:Cut-off driving resistance;40:Delay circuit;
41:Switching switch;51,52,53:Phase inverter;C1,C2:Smoothing capacity device;C3,C4,C5:Capacitor;COMP1,COMP2,
COMP3:Comparator;D1,D2:Rectifier diode;DB:Rectification circuit;FF1:Trigger;OR1,OR2,OR3:Or circuit;OP1:
Error amplifier;Rocp:Current sense resistor;R1,R2,R3:Resistance;L1:Reactor;Q1:Switching element;VR1、VR2:It can power transformation
Pressure;Vref:Reference voltage.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig.1 it is found that the switching power unit of present embodiment have rectification circuit DB, smoothing capacity device C1, C2,
C3, C4, reactor L1, controller IC 1, rectifier diode D1, D2, current sense resistor Rocp, resistance R1, R2.In addition, resistance
R3 is bleeder resistance, can add or not add according to the minimum current value of load (not shown).
Commercialization is connected on AC input terminal ACin1, the ACin2 for the rectification circuit DB being made of diode bridge joint
AC power source AC is exported after full-wave rectification from rectification circuit DB from the alternating voltage of commercial ac power source AC input.Whole
Smoothing capacity device C1 is connected between the rectification output cathode terminal and rectification output negative pole terminal of current circuit DB.In addition, rectification
The rectification output negative pole terminal of circuit DB is connected to ground terminal.It can get as a result, and pass through rectification circuit DB and smoothing capacity device
C1 rectifies smoothed out DC power supply to commercial ac power source AC.
Controller IC 1 is built-in with power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect
) etc. Transistor the control circuit of switch element and the switch control for carrying out the switch element, with D/ST
(MOSFET drain electrode/starting current input) terminal, S/OCP (MOSFET source/overcurrent protection) terminal, Vcc (control circuit electricity
Source voltage input) terminal, FB/OLP (feedback signal input/overload protection signal input) terminal, GND terminal.
The rectification output cathode terminal of the rectification circuit DB of input side is connected to the D/ST terminal of controller IC 1, and controls
The S/OCP terminal of device IC1 processed is via resistance RocpAnd it is connected to the cathode of a terminal and diode D1 of reactor L1, reactance
The other end of device L1 is connected to the anode of output terminal and the positive terminal of smoothing capacity device C2.The anode of diode D1 and smooth
The negative terminal of capacitor C2 is connected to ground terminal.As a result, by being led to the switch element for being built-in with controller IC 1
Logical/cut-off control, so that electric current flows through capacitor C2 via reactor L1 and diode D1.In addition, current sense resistor Rocp
It is to be connected as following resistance, using the current detecting flowed in the switch element for being built-in with controller IC 1 as electricity
Press signal Vocp.Controller IC 1 has in the voltage signal V for corresponding to the electric current flowed in switch elementocpMore than or equal to pre-
When the overcurrent threshold value first set, limitation is supplied to overcurrent protection (OCP) function of the electric power of reactor.
Controller IC 1 built-in switch element cut-off when, the accumulation electric power of reactor L1 is via rectifier diode D1
And smoothing capacity device C2 is flowed through, at the same time, in the rectifier diode D2 and capacitor C3 for being connected in series in the both ends reactor L1
In, the voltage of reactor L1 is charged to capacitor C3 via rectifier diode D2.Here, the voltage of reactor L1 is rectification two
The forward voltage of pole pipe D1 and the voltage of smoothing capacity device C2, the forward voltage of rectifier diode D2 if it is with rectifier diode
The identical voltage of forward voltage of D1 then can get voltage=output voltage Vo of capacitor C2 about the voltage of capacitor C3.
It is connected in series with resistance R1 and resistance R2 at the both ends of capacitor C3, the FB of their tie point and controller IC 1
Terminal connection.The reversion terminal of error amplifier is connected on the FB terminal of controller IC 1.In the non-inverted of error amplifier
Reference voltage is connected on terminal, according to the voltage signal V for being equivalent to output voltage VoFBAnd the difference output of reference voltage misses voltage
Difference signal.In addition, being connected with the source electrode and resistance R of switch element on the S/OCP terminal of controller IC 1ocp, in resistance RocpStream
Cross the switching current of switch element Q1.Therefore, the voltage for being equivalent to switching current can be generated on S/OCP terminal, with above-mentioned mistake
Voltage differential signal is compared, and disconnects switch element when S/OCP terminal voltage reaches accidentally voltage differential signal.
That is, corresponding to feedback (FB) signal of output voltage as voltage signal VFBIt is input into the end FB of controller IC 1
Son, according to the voltage signal V for being input to FB terminalFBThe electric current of switch element is flowed through in control.Pass through control switch element as a result,
Conduction and cut-off duty ratio, so that control is supplied to the amount of power of output.
In addition, capacitor C4 is connected between the Vcc terminal and GND of controller IC 1.
Via the D/ST terminal of controller IC 1, the end Vcc of controller IC 1 is supplied to power source voltage Vcc as IC
Son.
(embodiment)
Then, the circuit structure of the embodiment of controller IC 1 shown in FIG. 1 is illustrated referring to Fig. 2.
Referring to Fig. 2, controller IC 1 has switch element Q1, the driving circuit being made of power MOSFET N-channel type etc.
11, OSC (internal oscillator) 12, adjuster 13, soft starting circuit 14, overload detection circuit 15, variable voltage VR1, reference voltage
VrefOr circuit OR1, OR2, trigger FF1, comparator COMP1, COMP2, COMP3, error amplifier OP1.
It is connected with the drain terminal of switch element Q1 on D/ST terminal, and is connected with switch member on S/OCP terminal
The source terminal of part Q1 is connected with driving circuit 11 on the gate terminal of switch element Q1,11 output driving of driving circuit
The driving signal DRV of switch element Q1 simultaneously controls conduction and cut-off.Driving circuit 11 is entered or the output of circuit OR1.
Or the input terminal of circuit OR1 is entered the output of OSC12 and the inverted output terminal Q of trigger FF1-It is defeated
Out, it is connected with the output of OSC12 on the S terminal of trigger FF1, is connected on the R terminal of trigger FF1 or circuit OR2
Output.
In addition, being set to the minimum conducting of insufficient switch element Q1 from the pulse width of the OSC12 clock signal exported
Time width.Trigger FF1 is functioned as PWM latch cicuit.It is as a result, that L level is not (defeated in the output signal of OSC12
The state of clock signal out) and the inverted output terminal Q provided with trigger FF1-Output signal be L level in the case where,
The output signal of H level from or circuit OR1 be input into driving circuit 11, switch element Q1 is switched on.
S/OCP terminal is connected to the non-inverted terminal of comparator COMP1 and the non-inverted terminal of comparator COMP2.
Comparator COMP1 is the OCP comparator of detection of excessive current, is connected on reversion terminal and is set to overcurrent in usual movement
The variable voltage V of threshold valueR1.In usual movement, at the end S/OCP for corresponding to the drain current ID flowed in switch element Q1
The voltage signal V of sonocpIn the case where more than overcurrent threshold value, from the output signal of comparator COMP2 output H level.Compare
When the output signal of device COMP1 becomes H level, trigger FF1 passes through or circuit OR2 is reset or the output signal of circuit OR1
As L level, switch element Q1 cut-off.
Comparator COMP2 is the signal V compared as output voltage is equivalent toFBAnd be input to the FB signal of FB terminal with
Reference voltage Vref, and the mistake voltage difference exported according to error amplifier OP1, for carrying out the duty ratio of control switch element Q1
Feedback control electric current read converter.The inversing input terminal of comparator COMP2 is connected to a terminal of capacitor C5
With the output terminal of error amplifier OP1, the non-inverted terminal of error amplifier OP1 is connected to FB terminal, reversion terminal connection
In reference voltage VrefAnode.In addition, another terminal and reference voltage V of capacitor C4refCathode be connected to GND.
Error amplifier OP1 is according to FB terminal voltage and reference voltage VrefDifference output accidentally voltage differential signal.In addition, electric
Container C5 is the phase compensation constants of error amplifier OP1.
In comparator COMP2, to voltage signal VocpWith voltage signal VFBIt is compared, in voltage signal VocpIn voltage
Signal VFBIn the case where above, from the output signal of comparator COMP2 output H level.The output signal of comparator COMP2 becomes
When H level, trigger FF1 passes through or circuit OR2 is reset, and or circuit OR1 output signal become L level, switch element
Q1 cut-off.The feedback control of the duty ratio according to FB Signal-controlled switch element Q1 is executed as a result,.
Comparator COMP3 is the IC power source voltage Vcc and variable voltage V for comparing Vcc terminalR2Comparison circuit.Compare
The non-inverting input terminal of device COMP3 is connected to Vcc terminal, and inversing input terminal is connected to variable voltage VR2.From comparator
The output signal of COMP3 is entered variable voltage VR2, variable voltage VR2It is Low in the output signal from UVLO circuit COMP3
In the case where level, it is set to the 1st reference voltage Von (such as 15V), is H in the output signal from UVLO circuit COMP3
In the case where level, it is set below the 2nd reference voltage Voff (such as 10V) of the 1st reference voltage Von.Comparator as a result,
The output signal of COMP3 has hysteresis characteristic, is charged by starting circuit (not shown) to capacitor C3 shown in FIG. 1, in IC
Become H level when with power source voltage Vcc being more than the 1st reference voltage Von, in IC power source voltage Vcc in the 2nd reference voltage
Become L level when Voff or less.
In addition, the output terminal of comparator COMP3 is connected to adjuster 13.Adjuster 13 receives electric power from Vcc terminal
Supply is acted in the case where the output signal of comparator COMP3 is H level, and each section of controller IC 1 is supplied respectively to be used for
The supply voltage of movement.That is, the output signal of comparator COMP3 is the signal for controlling the turn-on deadline of controller IC 1, controlling
When the specified movement of device IC1 (when the conducting of switch motion), the output signal of UVLO circuit COMP1 is H level.Therefore, it can be changed
The 1st reference voltage Von of voltage VR is that the movement of controller IC 1 starts voltage, and the 2nd reference voltage Voff of variable voltage VR is
The movement of controller IC 1 stops voltage.
The output terminal of comparator COMP3 is connected to soft starting circuit 14.Soft starting circuit 14 is defeated comparator COMP3's
It starts and starts as the timing detection of H level out.Moreover, soft starting circuit 14 from start during presetting
It is carried out in Ta by variable voltage VR1Gradually it is promoted to the control of soft of overcurrent threshold value.In turn, soft starting circuit 14 is detecting
To when starting beginning, soft-sphere model indication signal is exported to driving circuit 11 in Ta during presetting.
Driving circuit 11 according to or circuit OR1 output signal output switch element Q1 driving signal.Referring to Fig. 3, drive
Move the circuit 11 is led general purpose switching elements 21, is made of P-channel type MOSFET with the 1st be made of P-channel type MOSFET the 2nd
Lead section that the conducting driving resistance the 31, the 2nd of general purpose switching elements the 22, the 1st conducting driving resistance 32, is made of N-channel type MOSFET
Only with switch element 23, cut-off driving resistance 33, delay circuit 40, switches 41, phase inverter 51,52,53.
The 1st of series connection is connected in parallel between the grid of supply voltage Reg and switch element Q1 shown in Fig. 3 to lead
The conducting driving of general purpose switching elements 22 and the 2nd is led in the conducting driving of general purpose switching elements 21 and the 1st resistance 31, the 2nd be connected in series
Resistance 32.Moreover, being connected on the 1st grid for leading general purpose switching elements 21 via phase inverter 51 or the output end of circuit OR1
Son, and the output terminal of switches 41 is connected on the 2nd grid for leading general purpose switching elements 22 via phase inverter 52.It opens
It closes and is directly connected to or the output terminal of circuit OR1 on an input terminal of switch 41, and on another input terminal
It is directly connected to via delay circuit 40 or the output terminal of circuit OR1.In addition, in the grid and ground terminal of switch element Q1
Between GND, it is connected with the cut-off driving resistance 33 and cut-off switch element 23 of series connection.Switches 41 are usually acting
When, it is switched on and off to being directly connected to or an input terminal side of the output terminal of circuit OR1, and refers to being entered soft-sphere model
When showing signal, it is switched on and off to being connected with via delay circuit 40 or another input terminal side of the output terminal of circuit OR1.
When not being entered the usual movement of soft-sphere model indication signal, if or circuit OR1 output signal become H electricity
It is flat, then it the 1st leads general purpose switching elements 21 and the 2nd and leads general purpose switching elements 22 all and can be connected, the grid of switch element Q1 such as Fig. 4's
(a) it shown in, is electrically charged via the 1st conducting driving resistance 31 and the 2nd conducting driving resistance 32 that are connected in parallel.In contrast,
When being entered the soft-sphere model of soft-sphere model indication signal, if or circuit OR1 output signal become H level, such as Fig. 4
(b) shown in, the grid of switch element Q1 is only electrically charged via the 1st conducting driving resistance 31 first, have passed through to delay circuit
After the delay time Td of 40 settings, filled via the 1st conducting driving conducting driving resistance 32 of resistance 31 and the 2nd being connected in parallel
Electricity.As the delay time Td for setting delay circuit 40, as shown in (b) of Fig. 4, it is set to only drive via the 1st conducting
Resistance 31 and the grid voltage V of switch element Q1 being electrically chargedGMore than threshold voltage of the grid VthTime.Therefore, compared to usual
For when movement, in soft-sphere model, until grid voltage VGMore than threshold voltage of the grid VthUntil in a period of, conducting driving
The resistance value of resistance is all switched on and off as biggish value, is more than threshold voltage of the grid VthWhen grid voltage VGCharging rate compared with
Slowly, driving (source side) slows.
As shown in figure 5, Ta includes mistake when starting during the soft-sphere model of the output soft-sphere model indication signal of soft starting circuit 14
During until crossing state, and be set to from starting before output voltage Vo will rise to voltage rating.
After control of soft, in a period of output voltage Vo is reached until voltage rating, overload detection circuit 15
Soft-sphere model indication signal is exported to driving circuit 11.
Wherein, referring to Fig. 2, the mistake voltage of error amplifier OP1 is connected on the input terminal of overload detection circuit 15
Difference signal.Overload detection circuit 15 by the mistake voltage difference of error amplifier OP1 compared with preset overload starting voltage, thus
Detect overload/load short circuits state.Moreover, overload detection circuit 15 is when detecting overload/load short circuits state to driving electricity
Road 11 exports soft-sphere model indication signal.The electric current of di/dt, drain current Id when switch element Q1 is connected as a result, tilt quilt
Inhibit lower, drain current incrementss can be inhibited by the response time of comparator COMP2.Fig. 6 shows overload shape
Waveform compared with the drain current of switch element Q1 of usual drive actions when soft-sphere model movement under state.It is dynamic in usual driving
In the case where work, the value of drain current Id is gradually increased from overcurrent threshold value, and is then become in soft-sphere model movement and be slightly larger than
The value of the drain current Id of set overcurrent threshold value, it is above herein not to be further added by then and become stable.
In addition, can also obtain same effect when soft start at the start.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, providing a kind of Switching Power Supply, being made of buck converter, which turns
Parallel operation by DC power supply, be connected to the switch element Q1 and reactor L1 of DC power supply and the series-connection circuit structure of capacitor C2
At diode D1 is connected in parallel in the series-connection circuit of reactor L1 Yu capacitor C2, from the two-terminal of capacitor C2 to negative
Load supplies electric power, which is characterized in that, has by making switch element Q1 carry out conduction and cut-off movement, thus will
The voltage control of capacitor C2 is the control circuit 2 of defined voltage, and control circuit 2 has soft starting circuit 14, detection overload
Overload detection circuit 15, driving switch element Q1 driving circuit 11 and driving circuit 11, the driving circuit 11 is at soft
It moves in the movement of circuit 14 or the movement of overload detection circuit 15, grid voltage when by making to pass through threshold voltage of the grid fills
The soft-sphere model of the charging rate of grid voltage when electric speed is lower than usually movement acts the switch element is connected
Blocking action.
By this structure, switch when inhibiting soft start when starting and under overload can be acted by soft-sphere model
The value of the drain current Id of element Q1 simultaneously makes its stabilization.Accordingly, with respect to the current rating of switch element Q1, it is able to use and leads to
The current rating of equal extent when often acting is capable of providing a kind of cheap switching power unit.
More than, the present invention is illustrated by specific embodiment, however above embodiment only as an example of, can not take off
It changes and implements from the range of purport of the invention, this need not be sayed more.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of switching power unit is buck converter, and by DC power supply and the series connection for being connected to DC power supply
Circuit is constituted, which is connected in series by switch element, reactor and capacitor, in turn,
The series-connection circuit of diode and the reactor and the capacitor is connected in parallel,
It is supplied electric power from two terminals of the capacitor to load,
The switching power unit is characterized in that,
The switching power unit has control circuit, which makes the switch element carry out conduction and cut-off movement, thus
The voltage of the capacitor is controlled as defined voltage,
The control circuit has:
Soft starting circuit;
Detect the overload detection circuit of overload;And
The driving circuit of the switch element is driven,
The driving circuit in the movement of the soft starting circuit or the movement of overload detection circuit, by soft-sphere model movement come
The switch element is set to carry out turn-on deadline movement, wherein the grid in soft-sphere model movement, when making more than threshold voltage of the grid
The charging rate of grid voltage when the charging rate of pole tension is lower than usually movement,
The driving circuit is after the grid voltage is more than the threshold voltage of the grid, by the charging rate of the grid voltage
Revert to charging rate when usual movement.
2. switching power unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The soft starting circuit exports soft-sphere model indication signal in a period of presetting from starting.
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CN201510133322.8A CN106160466B (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-03-25 | Switching power unit |
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CN201510133322.8A CN106160466B (en) | 2015-03-25 | 2015-03-25 | Switching power unit |
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CN106160466B true CN106160466B (en) | 2018-11-27 |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005312105A (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-11-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Step-down converter |
CN101295922A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-10-29 | 北京中星微电子有限公司 | Soft starting device capable of implementing linear control |
CN103475223A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Step-down converter |
Family Cites Families (1)
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US20090315530A1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-24 | Shailendra Kumar Baranwal | Pulse controlled soft start scheme for buck converter |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005312105A (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-11-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Step-down converter |
CN101295922A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-10-29 | 北京中星微电子有限公司 | Soft starting device capable of implementing linear control |
CN103475223A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Step-down converter |
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