CN106148848A - A kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106148848A
CN106148848A CN201610783711.XA CN201610783711A CN106148848A CN 106148848 A CN106148848 A CN 106148848A CN 201610783711 A CN201610783711 A CN 201610783711A CN 106148848 A CN106148848 A CN 106148848A
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China
Prior art keywords
preparation
turbine rotor
forging
resistant steel
heat resistant
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CN201610783711.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
廖云虎
雷德江
丁勇
黄志永
刘永新
张华国
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SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co Ltd
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SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610783711.XA priority Critical patent/CN106148848A/en
Publication of CN106148848A publication Critical patent/CN106148848A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2261/00—Machining or cutting being involved

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor, its chemical composition, be by weight percentage: C 0.08 ~ 0.13；Cr 10.75~11.75；Mo 1.15~1.35；Ni 0.40~0.70；Mn 0.40~0.70；V:0.15 ~ 0.20；W:0.25 ~ 0.40；Nb 0.04~0.07；N 0.03 ~ 0.07, surplus Fe, also disclose the preparation method of above-mentioned material；The present invention is improved for the component of material, and have employed new preparation method, vertical and horizontal tensile test at room temperature: make material performance be improved significantly, meet the performance requirement of existing high-performance steam turbine rotor.

Description

A kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy material, particularly relate to a kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor and system thereof Preparation Method.
Background technology
Steam turbine is the rotary power machinery equipment that the energy of steam is converted into mechanical power.Wherein, steam turbine turns Son is one of of paramount importance parts in steam turbine.Along with the development of turbine making technology, the performance of steam turbine is become better and better, Accordingly, the requirement for turbine rotor is more and more higher.The material being commonly used in making turbine rotor is 12%Cr The weight/mass percentage composition of steel, i.e. Cr is 12%, contains other metallic elements simultaneously.The mechanical property of this 12%Cr steel is the most not The requirement of present turbine rotor can be met.
Number of patent application is 200510021381.2, patent name: is used as the heat-resisting steel material of turbine rotor, discloses The material of a kind of turbine rotor, although it is at 600 DEG C/600 DEG C, in the case of pressure 24-28MPa, its mechanical property is preferable, But, its ambient temperature mechanical properties is poor, and the control for impurity requires more strict, adds technology difficulty.Patent Shen Please numbers 201310735403.6, patent name: a kind of Heat-resistant steel for ultra-supercritical steam turbine rotor, also disclose that one is used as vapour The heat resisting steel of turbine wheel, but the mechanical property of this heat resisting steel still has room for promotion, especially toughness poor, its ballistic work Below 20.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention, in that provide a kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor, to solve Certainly the problems referred to above.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is such that a kind of height as turbine rotor Performance heat-resisting steel material, its chemical composition, be by weight percentage:
C 0.08～0.13；Cr 10.75～11.75；Mo 1.15～1.35；Ni 0.40～0.70；Mn 0.40～ 0.70；V:0.15～0.20；W:0.25～0.40；Nb 0.04～0.07；N 0.03～0.07, surplus Fe.
As preferred technical scheme: in described material, contained impurity, by mass percentage:
S≤0.010P≤0.015
Si≤0.070Al≤0.010。
The two of the purpose of the present invention, are to provide the preparation method of a kind of above-mentioned material, the technical scheme used are: bag Include following steps:
1) press component ratio and weigh raw material, carry out just refining, smelting temperature 1560～1580 DEG C, refining time >=120min, The content regulating above-mentioned essential element is qualified, then carries out pouring into consutrode；In step, refining time must assure that, with Shi Yaoqiu adds strong mixing, abundant degassing；
(2) by step (1) gained consutrode remelting refining in electroslag furnace, electroslag slag system by weight: CaF2: Al2O3: CaO:MgO=60:25:10:5, reduces the content of impurity element so that it is meet design requirement, make Electro Slag Remelting Steel further Ingot；
(3) it is forged into forging blank after being heated by step (2) gained electroslag ingot；
(4) carry out, after forging blank forging, heat treatment of annealing；
(5) forging blank surface processes, and eliminates surface defect and makes its size, shape, surface quality meet design requirement；
(6) Tempering and Quenching；
(7) half finish turnings+destressing+finishing tool, just obtains required rotor forging.
As preferred technical scheme: in step (1), final deoxidizing uses J-Ca, Ni-Mg, Si-Ca-Al or Si-Ba-Al.
As preferred technical scheme: electroslag remelting samples after completing, gas content: H2≤1.5ppm；O2≤ 35ppm, gas Body burden requires: H2≤1.5ppm；O2≤35ppm.Gas content strict controls to be that the manufacture of materials of the present invention is successful one big Key factor.
As preferred technical scheme: in step (3), Forge Heating system: 1200 DEG C of insulation 20h are cooled to 1140 DEG C of guarantors Temperature 2h starts forging.
As preferred technical scheme: in step (4), step and technological parameter are as follows:
Rod iron is heated to 690～710 DEG C, and after being incubated 12～30 hours, stove is cooled to 500 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove.
As preferred technical scheme: the method for step (6) is:
Quenching: 1065 DEG C～1085 DEG C of oil cold；Tempering: 565 DEG C～575 DEG C of air coolings；Double tempering: 695～705 DEG C of skies Cold.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is improved for the component of material, and adopts By new preparation method, the material property obtained is as follows:
Vertical and horizontal tensile test at room temperature: tensile strength Rm≥830Mpa；Yield strength RP0.02≥655N/mm2；Surrender Intensity RP0.2≥680N/mm2；
Longitudinally to tensile test at room temperature: percentage elongation A >=17.0%；Contraction percentage of area Z >=40.0%；Ballistic work KV2≥ 27J；
Laterally tensile test at room temperature: percentage elongation A >=15.0%；Contraction percentage of area Z >=35.0%；Ballistic work KV2≥27J； Make material performance be improved significantly, meet the performance requirement of existing high-performance steam turbine rotor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1-5:
Use the element of different content, prepare high performance heat resistant Steel material, have employed altogether 5 kinds of different formula, each unit The composition of element is shown in Table 1, and in table 1, surplus is Fe, adds up to 100%, in table 1, is weight/mass percentage composition value；Each embodiment In, the content of impurity is: S≤0.010, P≤0.015Si≤0.070, Al≤0.010；
The composition of various elements in table 1 embodiment 1-5
C Cr Mo Ni Mn V W Nb N
Embodiment 1 0.08 10.75 1.15 0.40 0.40 0.15 0.25 0.04 0.03
Embodiment 2 0.13 11.75 1.35 0.70 0.70 0.20 0.40 0.07 0.07
Embodiment 3 0.09 10.90 1.20 0.50 0.50 0.16 0.30 0.05 0.04
Embodiment 4 0.10 11.00 1.25 0.60 0.55 0.18 0.35 0.06 0.05
Embodiment 5 0.12 11.30 1.30 0.55 0.60 0.19 0.36 0.06 0.06
Preparation method is:
(1) take required element just to refine in vaccum sensitive stove, smelting temperature 1560～1580 DEG C, just refine the time >=120min (the first refining time must assure that, require add strong mixing, abundant degassing) simultaneously, final deoxidizing use J-Ca, Ni-Mg, Si-Ca-Al or Si-Ba-Al, regulates the content of above-mentioned essential element qualified and carry out pouring into consutrode；Body burden requires: H2≤ 1.5ppm；O2≤35ppm；
(2) by consutrode remelting refining in electroslag furnace, electroslag slag system: CaF2:Al2O3: CaO:MgO=60:25:10: 5 (units: percetage by weight Wt%), reduce the content of impurity element so that it is meet design requirement, make Electro Slag Remelting Steel further Ingot；
(3) 2000T press is used to be forged into forging blank after being heated by electroslag ingot；
Forge Heating system: 1200 DEG C of insulation 20h are cooled to 1140 DEG C of insulation 2h and start forging；
(4) carrying out, after forging blank forging, heat treatment of annealing, step and technological parameter are as follows:
Rod iron is heated to 700 ± 10 DEG C, and after being incubated 12～30 hours, stove is cooled to 500 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove；
(5) forging blank surface process (rough turn), eliminate surface defect and make its size, shape, surface quality meet set Meter requirement；
(6) Tempering and Quenching；
Quenching: 1075 ± 10 DEG C of oil are cold；Tempering: 570 DEG C ± 5 DEG C air coolings；Double tempering: 700 ± 5 DEG C of air coolings；
(7) half finish turnings+destressing+finishing tool, just obtains required rotor forging.
Embodiment 6
Material properties test
Rotor forging carries out mechanical properties test, and the experimental result of room temperature longitudinal stretching and room temperature cross directional stretch is shown in respectively Table 2 and table 3
Table 2 room temperature longitudinal stretching:
Table 3 room temperature cross directional stretch:
Result shows that its mechanical property with excellence fully meets the requirement of turbine rotor.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the high performance heat resistant Steel material being used as turbine rotor, it is characterised in that: its chemical composition, by weight percentage It is calculated as:
C 0.08~0.13；Cr 10.75~11.75；Mo 1.15~1.35；Ni 0.40~0.70；Mn 0.40~0.70；V:0.15 ~ 0.20；W:0.25 ~ 0.40；Nb 0.04~0.07；N 0.03 ~ 0.07, surplus Fe.
A kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described In material, contained impurity, by mass percentage:
S≤0.010 P≤0.015
Si≤0.070 Al≤0.010。
3. the preparation method of a kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor described in claim 1 or 2, its feature It is: comprise the following steps:
1) pressing component ratio and weigh raw material, carry out just refining, smelting temperature 1560 ~ 1580 DEG C, refining time >=120min, in regulation The content stating essential element is qualified, then carries out pouring into consutrode；
(2) by step (1) gained consutrode remelting refining in electroslag furnace, electroslag slag system by weight: CaF2:Al2O3: CaO:MgO=60:25:10:5, reduces the content of impurity element so that it is meet design requirement, make electroslag ingot further；
(3) it is forged into forging blank after being heated by step (2) gained electroslag ingot；
(4) carry out, after forging blank forging, heat treatment of annealing；
(5) forging blank surface processes, and eliminates surface defect and makes its size, shape, surface quality meet design requirement；
(6) Tempering and Quenching；
(7) half finish turnings+destressing+finishing tool, just obtains required rotor forging.
Preparation method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (1), final deoxidizing use J-Ca, Ni-Mg, Si-Ca-Al or Si-Ba-Al.
Preparation method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: electroslag remelting samples after completing, gas content: H2 ≤ 1.5ppm；O2 ≤35ppm。
Preparation method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (3), Forge Heating system: 1200 DEG C of guarantors Temperature 20h is cooled to 1140 DEG C of insulation 2h and starts forging.
Preparation method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in step (4), step and technological parameter are as follows:
Rod iron is heated to 690 ~ 710 DEG C, and after being incubated 12 ~ 30 hours, stove is cooled to 500 DEG C of air coolings of coming out of the stove.
Preparation method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the method for step (6) is:
Quenching: 1065 ~ 1085 DEG C of oil are cold；Tempering: 565 DEG C ~ 575 DEG C air coolings；Double tempering: 695 ~ 705 DEG C.
CN201610783711.XA 2016-08-30 2016-08-30 A kind of high performance heat resistant Steel material as turbine rotor and preparation method thereof Pending CN106148848A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114635071A (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-06-17 宝武特种冶金有限公司 Smelting method of martensite heat-resistant steel
CN115976398A (en) * 2022-12-16 2023-04-18 四川六合特种金属材料股份有限公司 Method for improving impact energy of Nb-containing blade steel

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102260826A (en) * 2010-05-28 2011-11-30 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 High temperature resistant martensitic stainless steel and production method thereof
CN103695798A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-04-02 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 Heat-resisting steel material used as ultra supercritical steam turbine rotor and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102260826A (en) * 2010-05-28 2011-11-30 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 High temperature resistant martensitic stainless steel and production method thereof
CN103695798A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-04-02 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 Heat-resisting steel material used as ultra supercritical steam turbine rotor and preparation method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114635071A (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-06-17 宝武特种冶金有限公司 Smelting method of martensite heat-resistant steel
CN115976398A (en) * 2022-12-16 2023-04-18 四川六合特种金属材料股份有限公司 Method for improving impact energy of Nb-containing blade steel

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