CN106147581A - 一种环保水性聚酯涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种环保水性聚酯涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106147581A CN106147581A CN201610550332.6A CN201610550332A CN106147581A CN 106147581 A CN106147581 A CN 106147581A CN 201610550332 A CN201610550332 A CN 201610550332A CN 106147581 A CN106147581 A CN 106147581A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种环保水性聚酯涂料,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:氧化聚乙烯蜡2‑3、铝酸钙2‑4、聚丙烯酸丁酯0.7‑1、松香35‑40、富马酸8‑10、20‑30%氢氧化钠溶液6‑7、乙二醇20‑34、三氧化二锑0.1‑0.2、聚丙烯酸钠2‑3、氯化锌13‑20、聚醚二元醇80‑90、甲苯二异氰酸酯100‑130、2,2‑二羟甲基丙酸2‑3、二甘醇4‑5、三乙胺1‑2、2‑巯基苯并咪唑0.2‑0.4、失水山梨醇单油酸酯0.1‑0.3、四丁基溴化铵1‑2、烷基醇酰胺2‑3、蓖麻油酸锌0.6‑1。本发明的涂料无毒无污染,安全环保性好,综合性能优越。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚酯涂料技术领域,尤其涉及一种环保水性聚酯涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,常用的水性聚氨酯材料虽然由于其环境友好而广泛应用于涂料、胶黏剂等行业,但是常规的水性聚氨酯材料仍然存在耐热性和耐候性不佳、抗静电性较差等不足,影响了其更广泛的应用为了更好的提高水性聚氨酯涂料的综合性能,克服其自身存在的耐水性差、固含量低等缺点,扩大其应用范围,近年来对水性聚氨酯的改性研究已成为一大热点,探讨的深度和广度也更为扩大。水性聚氨酯的改性主要分为两大部分,一是将水性聚氨酯与其他材料复合改性,根据改性剂不同,水性聚氨酯乳液的改性主要有环氧树脂改性、丙烯酸酯改性、添加纳米材料改性等。二是对水性聚氨酯的原料进行改性,引入淀粉、纤维素、油脂等生物质资源,利用其特性以提高水性聚氨酯的某一性能;
水性聚氨酯与无机纳米粒子的复合主要分为两种方式,一种将蒙脱土、云母、滑石粉等填料添加到水性聚氨酯中,制备成层状硅酸盐纳米改性水性聚氨酯复合材料;另一种是将二氧化硅、氧化锌、氢氧化镁、纳米纤维素等纳米粒子添加到水性聚氨酯材料中,制备成无机刚性纳米粒子复合水性聚氨酯材料。纳米氧化锌与普通 ZnO 相比,具有高的化学稳定性、较低的介电常数、较强的紫外和红外吸收以及催化活性等优异性能,将纳米 ZnO 添加到聚氨酯中,可制备出力学性能优异、抗紫外线、抗静电和抗菌等新型功能复合材料;
目前,石油价格的居高不下,造成聚酯及聚醚多元醇的生产成本也是日益增加。人们开始重视研发以可再生资源为原料生产聚氨酯的中间体。松香作为我国重要的林业生物质资源之一,已有学者研究将其加入到聚氨酯的合成中,以提高聚氨酯产品的光泽、黏结性等性能,但是他们均是直接将松香添加到聚氨酯中,而松香是多种树脂酸的混合物同时官能度不高,不能加入到聚氨酯的主链上,未能显著提高使得产品的性能,不能充分发挥松香的特性;松香具有硬度高、耐热性好以及绝缘、防腐等优良特性,如果把它引入到聚氨酯中,可以克服常规水性聚氨酯硬度低、耐热耐水性差等缺点。但是前人大多直接应用松香这一混合物,松香的结构只能作为封端剂连接在分子链的末端,使松香的性能不能得到充分的体现;。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种环保水性聚酯涂料及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种环保水性聚酯涂料,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
氧化聚乙烯蜡2-3、铝酸钙2-4、聚丙烯酸丁酯0.7-1、松香35-40、富马酸8-10、20-30%氢氧化钠溶液6-7、乙二醇20-34、三氧化二锑0.1-0.2、聚丙烯酸钠2-3、氯化锌13-20、聚醚二元醇80-90、甲苯二异氰酸酯100-130、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸2-3、二甘醇4-5、三乙胺1-2、2-巯基苯并咪唑0.2-0.4、失水山梨醇单油酸酯0.1-0.3、四丁基溴化铵1-2、烷基醇酰胺2-3、蓖麻油酸锌0.6-1。
一种所述的环保水性聚酯涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤;
(1)将上述氧化聚乙烯蜡加入到其重量10-12倍的无水乙醇中,送入120-130℃的油浴中,保温搅拌6-9分钟,出料,加入松香、蓖麻油酸锌,搅拌至常温,蒸馏除去乙醇,得改性松香;
(2)将上述改性松香、富马酸混合,在氮气保护下200-230℃保温反应2.7-3小时,降温至157-160℃出料,加入到其重量10-15倍的无水乙醇中,滴加上述20-30%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌至常温,抽滤,真空干燥,再加入到其重量6-8倍的无水乙醇中,滴加浓度为5-7%的盐酸溶液,调节pH为3-4,搅拌均匀,得改性富马海松酸;
(3)取上述四丁基溴化铵,加入到其重量10-17倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入失水山梨醇单油酸酯,升高温度为57-60℃,保温搅拌7-8分钟,加入铝酸钙,搅拌至常温,得水乳液;
(4)将上述2-巯基苯并咪唑加入到改性富马海松酸中,在46-50℃下超声2-3分钟,抽滤,将沉淀真空干燥,与乙二醇、三氧化二锑混合,通入氮气,在150-160℃下搅拌反应3-4小时,升高温度为210-220℃,继续保温1.7-2小时,降温出料,得改性聚酯多元醇;
(5)将上述烷基醇酰胺加入到其重量6-8倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入聚丙烯酸丁酯,在80-90℃下保温搅拌4-7分钟,得醇酯溶液;
(6)将上述聚丙烯酸钠加入到其重量80-100倍的去离子水中,滴加醋酸,调节pH为2-3,加入氯化锌,搅拌均匀,滴加3-5mol/l的氢氧化钠,调节pH为10-11,在87-90℃下保温反应3-5小时,离心分离,将沉淀水洗2-3次,60-65℃下真空干燥10-11小时,得水分散型氧化锌;
(7)将上述聚醚二元醇、改性聚酯多元醇混合,在118-130℃下真空脱水2-3小时,冷却至常温,与甲苯二异氰酸酯混合,加入上述醇酯溶液,在76-80℃下保温反应100-120分钟,加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸,继续保温反应50-60分钟,加入上述二甘醇,在57-60℃下保温反应4-5小时,冷却至室温,加入上述三乙胺、蓖麻油酸锌,搅拌均匀,得松香酸改性聚酯;
(8)将上述松香酸改性聚酯加入到其重量4-6倍的去离子水中,加入上述水分散型氧化锌、水乳液,超声20-30分钟,与剩余各原料混合,搅拌均匀,即得。
本发明的优点是:本发明通过松香制备富马海松酸,其是具有稠合多脂环刚性结构和多官能度的松香衍生物,以此为原料制备富马海松酸聚酯多元醇,引入到水性聚氨酯高分子主链中,会使聚氨酯产生交联,分子链运动受阻形成的亲水区域变小而被交联区域封闭,降低了水分子的渗入与扩散,使得漆膜具有较低的吸水率。同时富马海松酸的稠合多脂环结构的引入,增加了漆膜的拉伸强度和硬度,合成富马海松酸改性水性聚氨酯,可以克服常规水性聚氨酯硬度低、耐热耐水性差等缺点,得到的硬度高、光泽度好、耐热性及耐水性等性能优良的改性水性聚氨酯材料;本发明还加入了水分散型氧化锌,一方面提高了聚氨酯涂膜的结晶度,使得聚氨酯分子间的相互作用力增强,耐热性能升高:另一方面,分散在聚氨酯涂膜中的纳米氧化锌起到了类似交联剂的作用,使得聚氨酯的自由体积减少,分子链的活动受到约束的程度增加,相邻“交联点”之间的平均链长变小,所以聚氨酯的失重温度提高,耐热性能提高;同时纳米氧化锌在阳光,特别是在紫外光照射下,在水和空气中,能自行分解出自由移动的带负电的电子,同时留下带正电的空穴,空穴可以激活氧和氢氧根,使吸附于其上的水和空气变成活性的氧和氢氧根,它们具有很强的氧化还原作用,使细胞膜损伤而导致细菌的死灭,从而提高聚酯涂料的抗菌性能,本发明的涂料无毒无污染,安全环保性好,综合性能优越。
具体实施方式
一种环保水性聚酯涂料,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
氧化聚乙烯蜡2、铝酸钙2、聚丙烯酸丁酯0.7、松香35、富马酸8、20%氢氧化钠溶液6、乙二醇20、三氧化二锑0.1、聚丙烯酸钠2、氯化锌13、聚醚二元醇80、甲苯二异氰酸酯100、2,2二羟甲基丙酸2、二甘醇4、三乙胺1、2巯基苯并咪唑0.2、失水山梨醇单油酸酯0.1、四丁基溴化铵1、烷基醇酰胺2、蓖麻油酸锌0.6。
一种所述的环保水性聚酯涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤;
(1)将上述氧化聚乙烯蜡加入到其重量10倍的无水乙醇中,送入120℃的油浴中,保温搅拌6分钟,出料,加入松香、蓖麻油酸锌,搅拌至常温,蒸馏除去乙醇,得改性松香;
(2)将上述改性松香、富马酸混合,在氮气保护下200℃保温反应2.7小时,降温至157℃出料,加入到其重量10倍的无水乙醇中,滴加上述20%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌至常温,抽滤,真空干燥,再加入到其重量6倍的无水乙醇中,滴加浓度为5%的盐酸溶液,调节pH为3,搅拌均匀,得改性富马海松酸;
(3)取上述四丁基溴化铵,加入到其重量10倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入失水山梨醇单油酸酯,升高温度为57℃,保温搅拌7分钟,加入铝酸钙,搅拌至常温,得水乳液;
(4)将上述2巯基苯并咪唑加入到改性富马海松酸中,在46℃下超声2分钟,抽滤,将沉淀真空干燥,与乙二醇、三氧化二锑混合,通入氮气,在150℃下搅拌反应3小时,升高温度为210℃,继续保温1.7小时,降温出料,得改性聚酯多元醇;
(5)将上述烷基醇酰胺加入到其重量6倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入聚丙烯酸丁酯,在80℃下保温搅拌4分钟,得醇酯溶液;
(6)将上述聚丙烯酸钠加入到其重量80倍的去离子水中,滴加醋酸,调节pH为2,加入氯化锌,搅拌均匀,滴加3mol/l的氢氧化钠,调节pH为10,在87℃下保温反应3小时,离心分离,将沉淀水洗2次,60℃下真空干燥10小时,得水分散型氧化锌;
(7)将上述聚醚二元醇、改性聚酯多元醇混合,在118℃下真空脱水2小时,冷却至常温,与甲苯二异氰酸酯混合,加入上述醇酯溶液,在76℃下保温反应100分钟,加入2,2二羟甲基丙酸,继续保温反应50分钟,加入上述二甘醇,在57℃下保温反应4小时,冷却至室温,加入上述三乙胺、蓖麻油酸锌,搅拌均匀,得松香酸改性聚酯;
(8)将上述松香酸改性聚酯加入到其重量4倍的去离子水中,加入上述水分散型氧化锌、水乳液,超声20分钟,与剩余各原料混合,搅拌均匀,即得。
用本发明的涂料所得漆膜的性能测试:
耐冲击强度:116kg•cm;
附着力:1;
拉伸强度:26.4MPa;
断裂伸长率:560.7%;
吸水率:12.7%;
黏度:43.5 mPa•s。
Claims (2)
1.一种环保水性聚酯涂料,其特征在于,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
氧化聚乙烯蜡2-3、铝酸钙2-4、聚丙烯酸丁酯0.7-1、松香35-40、富马酸8-10、20-30%氢氧化钠溶液6-7、乙二醇20-34、三氧化二锑0.1-0.2、聚丙烯酸钠2-3、氯化锌13-20、聚醚二元醇80-90、甲苯二异氰酸酯100-130、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸2-3、二甘醇4-5、三乙胺1-2、2-巯基苯并咪唑0.2-0.4、失水山梨醇单油酸酯0.1-0.3、四丁基溴化铵1-2、烷基醇酰胺2-3、蓖麻油酸锌0.6-1。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的环保水性聚酯涂料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤;
(1)将上述氧化聚乙烯蜡加入到其重量10-12倍的无水乙醇中,送入120-130℃的油浴中,保温搅拌6-9分钟,出料,加入松香、蓖麻油酸锌,搅拌至常温,蒸馏除去乙醇,得改性松香;
(2)将上述改性松香、富马酸混合,在氮气保护下200-230℃保温反应2.7-3小时,降温至157-160℃出料,加入到其重量10-15倍的无水乙醇中,滴加上述20-30%氢氧化钠溶液,搅拌至常温,抽滤,真空干燥,再加入到其重量6-8倍的无水乙醇中,滴加浓度为5-7%的盐酸溶液,调节pH为3-4,搅拌均匀,得改性富马海松酸;
(3)取上述四丁基溴化铵,加入到其重量10-17倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入失水山梨醇单油酸酯,升高温度为57-60℃,保温搅拌7-8分钟,加入铝酸钙,搅拌至常温,得水乳液;
(4)将上述2-巯基苯并咪唑加入到改性富马海松酸中,在46-50℃下超声2-3分钟,抽滤,将沉淀真空干燥,与乙二醇、三氧化二锑混合,通入氮气,在150-160℃下搅拌反应3-4小时,升高温度为210-220℃,继续保温1.7-2小时,降温出料,得改性聚酯多元醇;
(5)将上述烷基醇酰胺加入到其重量6-8倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入聚丙烯酸丁酯,在80-90℃下保温搅拌4-7分钟,得醇酯溶液;
(6)将上述聚丙烯酸钠加入到其重量80-100倍的去离子水中,滴加醋酸,调节pH为2-3,加入氯化锌,搅拌均匀,滴加3-5mol/l的氢氧化钠,调节pH为10-11,在87-90℃下保温反应3-5小时,离心分离,将沉淀水洗2-3次,60-65℃下真空干燥10-11小时,得水分散型氧化锌;
(7)将上述聚醚二元醇、改性聚酯多元醇混合,在118-130℃下真空脱水2-3小时,冷却至常温,与甲苯二异氰酸酯混合,加入上述醇酯溶液,在76-80℃下保温反应100-120分钟,加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸,继续保温反应50-60分钟,加入上述二甘醇,在57-60℃下保温反应4-5小时,冷却至室温,加入上述三乙胺、蓖麻油酸锌,搅拌均匀,得松香酸改性聚酯;
(8)将上述松香酸改性聚酯加入到其重量4-6倍的去离子水中,加入上述水分散型氧化锌、水乳液,超声20-30分钟,与剩余各原料混合,搅拌均匀,即得。
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CN112760021A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 湖州白洋装饰材料有限公司 | 一种水性装饰涂料及其制备方法 |
CN113801286A (zh) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-17 | 华南农业大学 | 一种改性阴离子型植物油基水性聚氨酯乳液及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN112760021A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 湖州白洋装饰材料有限公司 | 一种水性装饰涂料及其制备方法 |
CN113801286A (zh) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-17 | 华南农业大学 | 一种改性阴离子型植物油基水性聚氨酯乳液及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114590045A (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-06-07 | 南通威斯派尔半导体技术有限公司 | 一种高精度焊料图形的印刷方法 |
CN114590045B (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-01-06 | 南通威斯派尔半导体技术有限公司 | 一种高精度焊料图形的印刷方法 |
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