The method that fur coat nitre dye waste water processes and recycles
Technical field
The present invention relates to the process of industrial wastewater, particularly relate to the side that a kind of fur coat nitre dye waste water processes and recycles
Method.
Background technology
Fur coat processing is divided into preparation, tanning, wet ornamenting, the dry big workshop section of ornamenting four, with mink, fox, recoon dog, rex rabbit four kinds
As a example by fur, its processing process includes selecting skin batching, soaks, washes skin defat, multiple leaching, fleshing, secondary degreasing, pickling, tan
System, wash for the first time, neutralize, dry, retanning, dyeing, second time washing, be dried the operations such as arrangement.Operate for ease of band hair, leaching
Water, defat, washing, enzyme bating, pickling, tanning, retanning, bleach, fade, dyeing process typically need to enter in drawing pond or paddle-tumble
OK, water consumption greatly 15-20 times of cortex amount (water consumption be all);Fur production process need to add nearly hundred kinds of materials, substantially may be used
It is divided into surfactant-based, tanning agent class, dye class, fatting agent class, it is therefore an objective to shortening the production cycle as far as possible or simplifying operation
Under premise, product is made to meet the market demand.A large amount of tracking and measuring data show, the material that fur coat processing uses can not be by raw material
Skin absorbs completely, there are about the material of 30%-50% with the most treated the most directly discharge of waste water, on raw material skin a large amount of soluble proteins with
Oils and fats also can enter in waste water;For raw material skin is carried out anticorrosion preservation, the dosage of salt is about the 20% of tare weight, and final discharge is useless
The salinity of water has 66% from the salt used by preserving raw material skin;For suppression dermatotome acid swell, the preservation of raw material skin, softening, pickling,
Multiple operation such as tanning or even retanning employs high-concentration industrial salt (50g/L-90g/L), adds the place of fur coat waste water undoubtedly
Reason difficulty, and a difficult problem for high-salt wastewater is the most unresolved at present.Visible fur coat waste water is in addition to the big feature of discharge capacity, also because of containing a large amount of
Cl-1, chromium, ammonia nitrogen, float, BOD, COD etc. have that pollutant component is complicated, concentration is high, salinity is high, colourity high,
In addition the reason such as department's strict demand of at present environmental protection so that fur coat waste water is generally acknowledged becomes the Industry Waste that intractability is the biggest
Water, does not forms the treatment technology of a set of maturation so far.For adapting to clean now the requirement of production, energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduce water
Resource consumption and discharge of wastewater, cost-effective, alleviate the purpose of comprehensive wastewater processing load, develop and can efficient circulation utilize
The new technique of fur coat nitre dye waste water is imperative.
On March 1st, 2014, by national environmental protection portion and State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine combine issue " process hides and
Fur manufacturing industrial water pollution thing discharge standard " (GB20486-2013) formally implement.This standard pin is to process hides and fur manufacturing
The features such as wastewater discharge is big, salinity is high, difficult, with directly discharge and two kinds of form of export of indirect discharge, to fur manufacturing
13 water pollutants of enterprise propose the requirement of emission limit, are limited the unit product base platoon water yield simultaneously, and right
Priority control region defines the special emission limit that the strictest water pollutes.Formally implementing current hair of this standard
Skin manufacturing enterprise has higher requirement, and therefore the process modification of fur manufacturing enterprise and the problem of outlet of waste water are compeled at eyebrow
Eyelash.
The application for a patent for invention of Publication No. CN10135169A discloses fur nitro dyeing waste water process and the side of recycling
Method, uses and first chromate waste water, water shovel waste water, sanitary sewage is carried out pretreatment, remove bigger impurity, and sanitary sewage is through changing excrement
Pond processes;Then reprocess after mixing with composite wastewater.Enter hydrolysis acidification pool and contact-oxidation pool carry out biochemical treatment,
Then carry out charcoal process, middle water circulation use, Treatment of Sludge, the impurity in waste water and other pollutant are dispelled
Remove, decompose, make fur coat nitre dye waste water obtain recycling completely.Above-mentioned waste water processes and circulation utilization method is mainly from useless
The terminal processes of water is started with, and seeks waste water and farthest recycles, have ignored fur coat on waste water end treatment technology
Producing the circulation of each operation self, limiting sense is narrower.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide each operation waste water during one is easy to contaminate fur coat nitre and be circulated utilization, fall
Low cost of sewage disposal, reduces the method that the fur coat nitre dye waste water of salt and material consumption processes and recycles.
The overall technology design of the present invention is:
The method that fur coat nitre dye waste water processes and recycles, comprises the technical steps that:
A, partial circulating
For fur coat nitre contaminate each operation produce waste water remove impurity removing and oils and fats respectively after, detect its data and by each operation
Technological requirement add corresponding material and water wherein after be back to corresponding former operation;Each operation is fur coat tannery
Middle immersion, multiple leaching, defat, pickling, tanning, neutralization step, the retanning in fur coat dyeing and finishing, dyeing, rinsing process;
B, middle circulation
B1, by cannot meet after partial circulating fur coat nitre contaminate each operation use condition waste water enter Sewage Disposal, adopt
Method with physics+biochemical treatment+materializing strategy so that it is in material composition effectively decomposed, make the water outside removing chloride
In the index of each pollutant meet in " process hides and fur manufacturing industrial water pollution thing discharge standard " (GB30486-2013) indirectly
The limit value requirement of discharge, i.e. pH=6-9, colourity≤100, float≤120mg/L, BOD5≤ 80mg/L, CODcr≤300mg/
L, vegetable and animals oils≤30mg/L, sulfide≤1.0mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤70mg/L, total nitrogen≤140mg/L, total phosphorus≤4mg/L, remove
Bacterium reaching soaks in fur coat tannery, after multiple leaching, defat, pickling, tanning processes technological requirement, be partly back to use corresponding work
Sequence;
B2, by through the process of step B1 and be not back to the water outlet of corresponding operation and go through ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis advanced process again
Removing chloride, the softening water section after removing removing chloride is back to use neutralization, washing, retanning, dyeing, rinsing process;Will be dense
After contracting, the dense water section rich in chloride ion is back to immersion, pickling, tanning processes, rich in the dense water of chloride ion after remaining concentration
After natural evaporation crystallizes, reclaim salt contaminate corresponding operation for fur coat nitre;
B3, it is up in the middle of " process hides and fur manufacturing industrial water pollution thing discharge standard " (GB30486-2013) run in put
Limit value require step B2 remaining remove removing chloride after softening water enter municipal sewage plant;
C, systemic circulation
Water after step B3 being processed enters municipal sewage plant, treated and reach that " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutes
Thing discharge standard " it is emitted into external environment after (GB18918-2002) one-level A standard, municipal sewage plant processes and reaches
Tail water after GB18918-2002 one-level A standard, recycles as fur coat nitre dye industrial water.
The waste water that during contaminating for fur coat nitre, each operation produces can comprise one or more processing modes makes process tie
The most up to standard, the selection of processing mode is required for the feature of waste water, processing mode be chosen as those of ordinary skill in the art's
Required technical knowledge and skills content, applicant does not repeats them here.
Neutralize, wash during contaminating due to nitre, retanning, dye, wash skin operation water quality index is required higher, therefore will be through
Cross the process of step B1 and be not back to the water outlet of corresponding operation again through ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis advanced process removal chloride.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention also has:
Because in current fur coat production industry, each production process there is no rule of operation that is unified and that become more meticulous, technique in each operation
Add by water, material and technological parameter generally uses artificial subjective determination, therefore when the abnormal smells from the patient, floating of each procedure technology water
When the performance indications such as oil, turbidity are difficult to meet corresponding water quality demand and may affect hide crudy, the most logical
Too small recycling.Each operation waste water carries out the cycle-index of partial circulating and adds different cultivars fur according to different manufacturers
Work technique and different and different to the requirement of fur coat quality.Applicant draws each operation in step A partial circulating by great many of experiments
Waste water carries out the cycle-index of partial circulating and is respectively as follows: soaking process 3-5 time, and leaching operation is no less than 5 times again, degreasing process 3-5 time,
Pickling procedure is no less than 20 times, and tanning processes is no less than 20 times, and neutralization step is no less than 10 times, and rinsing process is no less than 10 times,
Because in retanning, dyeing process water in addition to the dye, external microorganism, albumen etc. are likely to result in the material that water pollution deteriorates
Less, it is possible on the basis of moisturizing and adding corresponding raw material, to maintain the cushioning balance of solution, the same production cycle is interior between not
In the case of disconnected production, retanning, dyeing process water recycle.It should be noted that in described partial circulating, each operation is given up
Water carries out cycle-index difference and the different manufacturers processing to different cultivars fur according to raw material cortex amount of partial circulating
Technique and different and different to the requirement of fur coat quality.
Described partial circulating go impurity removing and oils and fats preferably employ physical method.Applicant it should be noted that due to
In industry there is no at present unified for defining foreign material, oils and fats remove the standard of degree, therefore, the present invention takes operator
It is defining standard that member removes impurity removing and oils and fats to the full extent.
The technical scheme being more highly preferred to is, described go impurity removing and oils and fats use in filtration, oil removal, intermediate processing
Plant or it combines.
The described sieving in step B1 retains, Gravity Separation, centrifugation, air supporting, chemical treatment include chemical coagulation,
Neutralization, Fenton method, ozone, advanced oxidation processes;Biochemical treatment includes the treating method that anaerobism, aerobic, anaerobic-aerobic combine.
Including but be not limited to use activated sludge process (oxidation ditch, SBR), biomembrance process (biofilter, biological rotating disk, contact
Oxidation, fluid bed) and other aerobic processes, the anaerobic treatment method such as UASB, hydrolysis acidification, anaerobic biofilter and anaerobism/
The way of aerobic combination.Because above-mentioned treating method belongs to prior art, applicant does not repeats them here.
Substantive distinguishing features and significant technological progress acquired by the present invention are:
By fur coat nitre dye waste water through little, in, after big tertiary effluent circular treatment, in the premise not affecting fur crudy
Under, it is achieved that the recycling of water in the fur coat course of processing, the usage amount of the material such as salt, material is greatly reduced, reduces useless
Water intractability, saves waste water processing cost, has been really achieved the purpose of " energy-conservation, lower consumption, subtract dirt, potentiation ".Through calculating, three
The use in conjunction of level circulation can save fresh water 100% generally, reduces discharge of wastewater 70%, and wherein partial circulating can economize on water 70%
Left and right, middle recycling waste water reclamation rate reaches 75%, and systemic circulation can realize all middle water of fur coat industrial water and substitute, sewage disposal expense
With saving 30%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is fur processing technique flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the process chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing gives embodiments of the invention, is described further embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but
Should not be construed as limitation of the invention, the content that protection scope of the present invention is recorded with claim is as the criterion, any according to saying
The equivalent technical elements that bright book is made is replaced, all without departing from protection scope of the present invention.
The present embodiment overall technology design as in figure 2 it is shown, including:
A, partial circulating
A1, immersion, multiple leaching, defat, pickling, tanning in fur coat nitre dye, neutralize, wash skin, retanning, dyeing process increase respectively
If partial circulating pond.After each operation is carried out, respectively process operations liquid is imported respective partial circulating pond by pipeline, carried out
Filter, oil removal, precipitation process.
A2, operation liquid first filter off the foreign material such as fur, minced meat through fine fack;After entering partial circulating pond standing, oil slick is excluded
Being incorporated to tank reclaim, supernatant is back to by pump after being disposed corresponding operation respectively, the precipitate bottom partial circulating pond is through pipe
Road enters sewage treatment plant.
A3, detection return former operation supernatant in material concentration, add water by each operation corresponding technological requirement liquor ratio
And normally produce in each operation after material;When this operation water is recycled to certain number of times, the abnormal smells from the patient of each procedure technology water, floating
When the performance indications such as oil, turbidity are difficult to meet corresponding water quality demand and may affect hide crudy, the most logical
Too small recycling.The each operation in Shen carries out the following result of the test of partial circulating number of times: soaking process 5 times, and leaching operation 5 times, de-again
Fat operation 5 times, pickling and tanning processes operation liquid do not affect fur coat quality when recycling 20 times, and water quality condition can ensure that it continues
Continuous recycling is gone down, and neutralization step is no less than 10 times, and rinsing is no less than 10 times.In uninterrupted production in the same production cycle
In the case of, retanning, dyeing process water recycle.
When each operation recycles operation liquid every time, the additional amount of water and material is the 10%-that each procedure technology requires
15%, can economize on water about 70%.
B, middle circulation
B1, treatment for reuse water
Producing in the fur coat nitre each operation of dye and cannot meeting each operation after partial circulating uses the waste water of condition to enter sewage
Treating stations, the described sieving in step B1 retains, Gravity Separation, centrifugation, air supporting, chemical treatment include chemical coagulation,
Neutralization, Fenton method, ozone, advanced oxidation processes;Biochemical treatment includes the treating method that anaerobism, aerobic, anaerobic-aerobic combine.
Including but be not limited to use activated sludge process (oxidation ditch, SBR), biomembrance process (biofilter, biological rotating disk, contact
Oxidation, fluid bed) and other aerobic processes, the anaerobic treatment method such as UASB, hydrolysis acidification, anaerobic biofilter and anaerobism/
The way of aerobic combination.The waste water characteristic that during contaminating for fur coat nitre, each operation produces, generally requires one or more and processes
Mode is used in combination, and makes the material composition in waste water effectively be decomposed, makes the index of each pollutant in the water outside removing chloride
Meet the limit value put that runs in the middle of " process hides and fur manufacturing industrial water pollution thing discharge standard " (GB30486-2013) to require (i.e.
PH=6-9, colourity≤100, float≤120mg/L, BOD5≤ 80mg/L, CODcr≤300mg/L, vegetable and animals oils≤30mg/
L, sulfide≤1.0mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤70mg/L, total nitrogen≤140mg/L, total phosphorus≤4mg/L), degerming and make total number of bacteria little
In 104Individual/mL, promotes through pump after meeting each process water water quality index after testing and is back to immersion, multiple leaching, defat, pickling, tan
Making each operation, waste water is reclamation rate about 35.0% after biochemical treatment.
B2, advanced treating water
Waste water through sewage treatment plant's biochemical treatment rear section Water circulation in production, but neutralize, wash during contaminating due to nitre,
Retanning, dye, wash skin operation water quality index is required higher, after biochemical treatment, be therefore drained into degree of depth sewage disposal system
System, by through processs of step B1 and be not back to the water outlet of corresponding operation again through ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis advanced process go dechlorination from
Son, the softening water section after removing removing chloride is back to use neutralization, washing, retanning, dyeing, rinsing process;Richness after being concentrated
The dense water section of chloride ion-containing is back to immersion, pickling, tanning processes, rich in the dense water of chloride ion through nature after remaining concentration
Reclaim salt after evaporative crystallization and contaminate corresponding operation for fur coat nitre.Waste water is reclamation rate about 60% after advanced treating, the dense salt of generation
Water concentration about 31g/L, can be back to produce.
B3, works liquor
To be up in the middle of " process hides and fur manufacturing industrial water pollution thing discharge standard " (GB30486-2013) run in puts
Limit value require step B2 remaining remove removing chloride after softening water enter municipal sewage plant, in municipal sewage plant
Mixed processing is carried out with other sanitary sewages etc..
C, systemic circulation
Water after step B3 being processed enters municipal sewage plant, treated and reach that " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutes
Thing discharge standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level A standard (pH=6-9, colourity≤30, float≤10mg/L, BOD5≤
10mg/L, CODcr≤50mg/L, vegetable and animals oils≤1mg/L, anion surfactant≤0.5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤5mg/L, always
Nitrogen≤15mg/L, total phosphorus≤0.5mg/L, colibacillus of excrement≤103Individual/L) after be emitted into external environment, at municipal sewage plant
Reason reaches tail water after GB18918-2002 one-level A standard, recycles as fur coat nitre dye industrial water.
After using the present embodiment, operational effect is as follows:
Use the method in the present embodiment after running, to compare existing technique and can save industrial water 94%, save material about
30%, reduce discharge of wastewater about 70%, reduce cost of sewage disposal about 30%, fresh water can all be substituted.