CN106145088B - A kind of biomass porous carbon material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of biomass porous carbon material and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of biomass porous carbon material, and jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent are mixed, obtain mixed material；Processing is dried in the mixed material, obtains presoma；Then in protective gas atmosphere, the presoma is heat-treated, obtains biomass porous carbon material.Biomass porous carbon material can be prepared using jujube nucleus as biomass material, by single step reaction in technical solution provided by the invention, at low cost, easy to operate, suitable for large-scale industrial production.Biomass porous carbon material provided by the invention has graded porous structure, larger specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and superior capacitive character, carbon electrode can be used as to be applied in ultracapacitor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to porous carbon materials technical field, more particularly to a kind of biomass porous carbon material and preparation method thereof
And application.
Background technology
Due to having a substantial amounts of pore structure and huge specific surface area, porous carbon materials have that adsorption capacity is strong, physics
Stable chemical performance is good, regenerates the features such as facilitating after failure, is widely used in ultracapacitor, lithium battery, gas absorption
With separating, the fields such as water body purification.In recent years, with the exhaustion of fossil resource, the development and application of porous carbon materials receive
Limitation.Biological material containing abundant carbon content, such as timber, forest discarded object, agricultural wastes, water plant, oil plant
Plant and animal wastes etc. provide sufficient raw material sources to prepare porous carbon materials, become the weight of researcher's concern
Point.
In the prior art, the method that porous carbon materials are prepared using biological material as raw material, mainly using physical activation method,
Chemical activation method and chemical-physical activation method.Physical activation method is with gas medium, such as vapor or carbon dioxide, as work
Agent carries out raw material activation pore-forming, but, practical application relatively low by porous carbon materials specific surface area prepared by physical activation method
In ideal effect is not achieved.Chemical activation method is with chemical reagent, such as H2SO4、ZnCl2Or KCNS, as activator, to raw material
Activation pore-forming is carried out, but it is wider by porous carbon materials pore-size distribution prepared by chemical activation method, limit its practical application model
It encloses.Chemical-physical activation method is typically first to carry out chemical activation to raw material, then carry out it is physically activated with further reaming, still
Chemical activation and physically activated two steps can so be passed through, complex process and energy consumption is big is unfavorable for industrialized production.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of biomass porous carbon materials and its preparation method and application, and the present invention is with acid
Jujube core is biomass material, and biomass porous carbon material can be prepared by single step reaction, at low cost, easy to operate, is fitted
For large-scale industrial production.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of biomass porous carbon material, comprise the following steps：
(1) jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent are mixed, obtains mixed material；
(2) processing is dried in the mixed material that the step (1) obtains, obtains presoma；
(3) in protective gas atmosphere, the presoma that the step (2) obtains is heat-treated, it is more to obtain biomass
Hole carbon material.
Preferably, the mass ratio of step (1) jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent is 1：(1~3)：(1~8).
Preferably, jujube nucleus are pre-processed before use described in step (1), obtain jujube nucleus powder, the wild jujube
The granularity of core powder is 0.1~1.0mm.
Preferably, alkali source described in step (1) includes one or more of hydroxide and carbonate based compounds.
Preferably, solvent described in step (1) includes one or more of water and alcohols solvent.
Preferably, the temperature of drying process described in step (2) is 80~120 DEG C, time of drying process for 8~for 24 hours.
Preferably, the temperature being heat-treated described in step (3) is 700~900 DEG C, and the time of heat treatment is 2~4h.
Preferably, the heating rate for being warming up to the heat treatment temperature is 3~8 DEG C/min.
The present invention provides the biomass porous carbon materials that preparation method described in above-mentioned technical proposal is prepared, and aperture is
The pore volume of 1.27~2.00nm accounts for the 60%~85% of the biomass porous carbon material total pore volume.
The present invention provides application of the biomass porous carbon material in ultracapacitor described in above-mentioned technical proposal.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of biomass porous carbon material, and jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent are mixed, obtained
To mixed material；Processing is dried in the mixed material, obtains presoma；Then in protective gas atmosphere, by described in
Presoma is heat-treated, and obtains biomass porous carbon material.Technical solution provided by the invention is former by biomass of jujube nucleus
Material, biomass porous carbon material can be prepared by single step reaction, at low cost, easy to operate, suitable for large-scale industry
Metaplasia is produced.Biomass porous carbon material micropore provided by the invention is flourishing, and aperture is that the pore volume of 1.27~2.00nm accounts for the life
The 60%~85% of substance porous carbon materials total pore volume.In addition, biomass porous carbon material provided by the invention is with larger
Specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and superior capacitive character.The experimental results showed that using technical solution system provided by the invention
Standby obtained biomass porous carbon material specific surface area reaches 2438m2/ g, specific capacitance reach 400F/g, electrical conductivity 9.62S/cm, energy
Enough it is applied to as carbon electrode in ultracapacitor.
Description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the low range scanning electron microscope for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
(SEM) figure；
Fig. 2 is the high magnification scanning electron microscope for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
(SEM) figure；
Fig. 3 is the low range transmission electron microscope for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
(TEM) figure；
Fig. 4 is the high magnification transmission electron microscope for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
(TEM) figure；
Fig. 5 is the nitrogen adsorption graph for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared；
Fig. 6 is that the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared is bent in the pore-size distribution of 1~5nm scopes
Line chart；
Fig. 7 is pore-size distribution of the biomass porous carbon material that is prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 2 in 5~400nm scopes
Graph；
Fig. 8 is that the constant current for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 are prepared is filled
Discharge curve；
Fig. 9 is that the charge and discharge under different current densities of the biomass porous carbon material that is prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 2 are bent
Line chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of biomass porous carbon material, comprise the following steps：
(1) jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent are mixed, obtains mixed material；
(2) processing is dried in the mixed material that the step (1) obtains, obtains presoma；
(3) in protective gas atmosphere, the presoma that the step (2) obtains is heat-treated, it is more to obtain biomass
Hole carbon material.
Biomass porous carbon material can be prepared using jujube nucleus as biomass material, by single step reaction in the present invention,
It is at low cost, easy to operate, suitable for large-scale industrial production.For a long time, there are million jin of wild jujubes in the West Liaoning of China
Core is given it up, and resource is wasted, but actually carbon content is enriched in jujube nucleus, available for preparing biomass porous carbon material.
The present invention mixes jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent, obtains mixed material.In the present invention, the jujube nucleus, alkali source
Mass ratio with solvent is preferably 1：(1~3)：(1~8), more preferably 1：(1.5~2.5)：(3~5).
In the present invention, the jujube nucleus preferably crush processing before use, obtain jujube nucleus powder, the wild jujube
The granularity of core powder is preferably 0.1~1.0mm, more preferably 0.3~0.8mm.The present invention does not have for the mode of the crushing
Special restriction, using the technical solution of crushing well known to those skilled in the art.The present invention preferably carries out jujube nucleus
Mechanical crushing obtains jujube nucleus powder.
In the present invention, the alkali source preferably includes one or more of hydroxide and carbonate based compounds, more
Preferably include KOH, NaOH, Mg (OH)2、K2CO3And Na2CO3One or more of.
The present invention does not have special restriction for the solvent, and solvent can be used as using well known to those skilled in the art
Compound.In the present invention, the solvent preferably includes one or more of water and alcohols solvent.The present invention's
In embodiment, the alcohols solvent concretely ethyl alcohol or ethylene glycol.The present invention does not have special restriction for the water, uses
Water well known to those skilled in the art, such as distilled water.
The present invention does not have special restriction for the mode for mixing jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent, using this field
The technical solution that raw material can be uniformly mixed known to technical staff.Mode present invention preferably employs grinding is to wild jujube
Core, alkali source and solvent are mixed, and obtain mixed material.
After obtaining mixed material, processing is dried in the mixed material by the present invention, obtains presoma.In the present invention
In, the temperature of the drying process is preferably 80~120 DEG C, more preferably 85~105 DEG C, is most preferably 90~100 DEG C.At this
In invention, time of the drying process is preferably 8~for 24 hours, more preferably 10~18h is most preferably 12~15h.The present invention
There is no special restriction for the mode of the drying process, the technical solution using drying well known to those skilled in the art is
It can.Present invention preferably employs vacuum drying to carry out the drying process.In the present invention, the vacuum drying vacuum degree is preferred
For -0.05~-0.1MPa.In an embodiment of the present invention, the drying process is specifically carried out using vacuum drying chamber.
The present invention preferably carries out the drying process under agitation, is volatilized with accelerating the solvent, obtains presoma.
In the present invention, the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 100~800rmp, more preferably 300~500rmp.The present invention is for described
Equipment does not have special requirement used by stirring, using the equipment well known to those skilled in the art for stirring.This
Invention is preferably stirred the mixed material using magnetic stirring apparatus.
After obtaining the presoma, the presoma is heat-treated, is given birth in protective gas atmosphere by the present invention
Substance porous carbon materials.The present invention does not have special limitation for the species of the protective gas, using those skilled in the art
Well known protective gas, such as nitrogen or argon gas.
The presoma is heat-treated by the present invention, obtains biomass porous carbon material.In the present invention, at the heat
The temperature of reason is preferably 700~900 DEG C, more preferably 750~850 DEG C.In the present invention, the time of the heat treatment is preferably
2~4h, more preferably 2.5~3.5h.In the present invention, the heating rate for being warming up to the heat treatment temperature is preferably 3~8
DEG C/min, more preferably 4~6 DEG C/min.The present invention for the heat treatment used by equipment there is no special requirement, use
Equipment well known to those skilled in the art for heat treatment.Present invention preferably employs tube furnaces to carry out the heat treatment.
The present invention provides the biomass porous carbon materials that preparation method described in above-mentioned technical proposal is prepared, and aperture is
The pore volume of 1.27~2.00nm accounts for the 60%~85% of the biomass porous carbon material total pore volume.
The present invention provides application of the biomass porous carbon material in ultracapacitor described in above-mentioned technical proposal.At this
In invention, the application is specifically the carbon electrode being used to prepare the biomass porous carbon material in ultracapacitor.This hair
The bright preparation method for the carbon electrode do not have special restriction, using the carbon electrode well known to those skilled in the art for preparing
Technical solution.In the present invention, the preparation method of the carbon electrode preferably includes following steps：
Biomass porous carbon material described in above-mentioned technical proposal of the present invention with conductive agent, binding agent, ethyl alcohol is mixed, is ground
Mill；
By the material obtained after grinding coating on a current collector, be dried successively, tabletting, redrying, obtain carbon electricity
Pole.
The present invention mixes the biomass porous carbon material with conductive agent, binding agent, ethyl alcohol, grinds.In the present invention,
The mass ratio of the biomass porous carbon material, conductive agent and binding agent is preferably (8~12)：(1~1.5)：(1~1.5)；Institute
It is preferably 10~20g/L to state the total concentration of biomass porous carbon material, conductive agent and binding agent in ethanol, more preferably 15~
17g/L。
The present invention does not have special restriction for the species of the conductive agent, using conduction well known to those skilled in the art
Agent.In the present invention, the conductive agent is preferably carbon black conductive agent, more preferably specifically includes acetylene black, electrically conductive graphite KS-
6 or Ketjen black.
The present invention does not have special restriction for the species of the binding agent, using bonding well known to those skilled in the art
Agent.In the present invention, the binding agent is preferably the ptfe emulsion that mass fraction is 55~65%.
The present invention does not have special restriction for the collector, is using collector well known to those skilled in the art
It can.In the present invention, the collector preferably includes nickel foam.
The present invention is for the mode for mixing biomass porous carbon material with conductive agent, binding agent, ethyl alcohol without spy
Different restriction, using the technical solution well known to those skilled in the art that can be uniformly mixed raw material.It is of the invention preferred
The biomass porous carbon material is mixed with conductive agent, binding agent, ethyl alcohol under ultrasound condition.In the present invention, it is described super
The time of sound is preferably 2~3h；The power of the ultrasound is preferably 250~600W, more preferably 350~500W.
After completing the mixing, obtained mixed material is ground by the present invention.The present invention is adopted for the grinding
Equipment does not have special restriction, using the equipment of grinding well known to those skilled in the art.Present invention preferably employs
Mortar is ground.In the present invention, the milling time is preferably 10~20min.
After completing the grinding, the material obtained after grinding coating on a current collector, is dried, pressed by the present invention successively
Piece, redrying, obtain carbon electrode.The present invention is ripe using those skilled in the art for the no special restriction of coating
The technical solution for the coating known.In the present invention, the load capacity of the biomass porous carbon material on a current collector is preferred
For 2~3mg/cm2。
After the material obtained after grinding coating on a current collector, the collector after coating is dried in the present invention.
In the present invention, the temperature of the drying is preferably 80~100 DEG C；The time of the drying is preferably 10~20min.
After completing the drying, dried collector is carried out tabletting by the present invention.The present invention does not have for the tabletting
Special requirement, using the technical solution of tabletting well known to those skilled in the art.In the present invention, the pressure of the tabletting
Power is preferably 8~15Mpa, more preferably 9~12MPa；The time of the tabletting is preferably 3~7min, more preferably 4~
6min。
After completing the tabletting, the collector after tabletting is carried out redrying by the present invention, obtains carbon electrode.In the present invention
In, the drying temperature of the redrying is preferably 60~100 DEG C, more preferably 70~80 DEG C；The drying of the redrying
Time is preferably 12~for 24 hours, more preferably 15~20h.It is special that the present invention does not have for the drying mode of the redrying
It limits, using the technical solution of drying well known to those skilled in the art.Present invention preferably employs vacuum drying to carry out institute
State redrying.In the present invention, the vacuum drying vacuum degree is preferably -0.05~-0.1MPa.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment in the present invention, the technical solution in the present invention is clearly and completely described.It is aobvious
So, described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Apply example, those of ordinary skill in the art's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work all belong to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) by 10g jujube nucleus carry out mechanical crushing, obtain granularity be 0.3~0.8mm jujube nucleus powder, then with 10g
Na2CO3It is mixed with 10mL ethylene glycol, is ground to form uniform mixed material；
(2) mixed material that step (1) obtains is placed in vacuum drying chamber, the stir speed (S.S.) for controlling magnetic stirring apparatus is
100rmp under conditions of vacuum degree is -0.05MPa, in 100 DEG C of dry 12h, obtains presoma；
(3) presoma that step (2) obtains is placed in tube furnace, first vacuumized, then be passed through nitrogen, with 3 DEG C/min's
Heating rate carries out heat treatment 4h from room temperature to 700 DEG C, biomass porous carbon material is obtained, labeled as WJC-800-1.
Embodiment 2
(1) by 10g jujube nucleus carry out mechanical crushing, obtain granularity be 0.1~1.0mm jujube nucleus powder, then with 20g
KOH and 40mL ethyl alcohol mixes, and is ground to form uniform mixed material；
(2) mixed material that step (1) obtains is placed in vacuum drying chamber, the stir speed (S.S.) for controlling magnetic stirring apparatus is
500rmp under conditions of vacuum degree is -0.1MPa, in 80 DEG C of dry 12h, obtains presoma；
(3) presoma that step (2) obtains is placed in tube furnace, first vacuumized, then be passed through nitrogen, with 5 DEG C/min's
Heating rate carries out heat treatment 2h from room temperature to 800 DEG C, biomass porous carbon material is obtained, labeled as WJC-800-2.
Phenetic analysis is carried out by sample of biomass porous carbon material prepared by embodiment 2, it is as a result as follows：
Fig. 1 is the low range scanning electron microscope for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
(SEM) figure, Fig. 2 are the high magnification scanning electron microscope for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
(SEM) figure.As seen from Figure 2, the biomass porous carbon material that embodiment 2 is prepared has 0.1~0.5 μm of macropore,
It is interconnected between macropore by aperture.
Fig. 3 is the low range transmission electron microscope for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
(TEM) figure, as seen from Figure 3, the biomass porous carbon material that embodiment 2 is prepared have substantially interconnected hole
Structure.Fig. 4 is the high magnification transmission electron microscope (TEM) for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared
Figure as seen from Figure 4, contains substantial amounts of micropore on the hole wall for the biomass porous carbon material macropore that embodiment 2 is prepared
With it is mesoporous.
Fig. 5 is the nitrogen adsorption graph for the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared.To embodiment
The 2 biomass porous carbon materials being prepared carry out N2Absorption test, first by the biomass porous carbon material in vacuum 200
~300 DEG C of 2~4h of processing, with N2As adsorbate, absorption test is carried out at a constant temperature, obtains N2Adsorption curve figure, as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 5, the nitrogen adsorption curve for the biomass porous carbon material being prepared by embodiment 2 belongs to typical I types curve,
Show that the biomass porous carbon material has microcellular structure.Meanwhile the biomass porous carbon by the way that embodiment 2 is prepared
Material carries out N2Absorption test, the specific surface area size for measuring the biomass porous carbon material are 2438m2/g。
Fig. 6 is that the biomass porous carbon material that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared is bent in the pore-size distribution of 1~5nm scopes
Line chart.As shown in Figure 5, aperture is that the pore volume of 1.36~2.00nm accounts for the 85% of the biomass porous carbon material total pore volume, is said
The bright biomass porous carbon material micropore is flourishing.
Fig. 7 is pore-size distribution of the biomass porous carbon material that is prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 2 in 5~400nm scopes
Graph.As shown in Figure 7, the biomass porous carbon material also with 47nm mesoporous and 86nm, 117nm, 147nm and
The macropore of 216nm illustrates that the biomass porous carbon material has graded porous structure.
Four probe conductivity tests are carried out after the biomass porous carbon material tabletting that embodiment 2 is prepared, as a result table
Bright, the electrical conductivity of the biomass porous carbon material is 9.62S/cm, and it is good to illustrate that the biomass porous carbon material has
Electrical conductivity.
Embodiment 3
(1) by 10g jujube nucleus carry out mechanical crushing, obtain granularity be 0.4~0.7mm jujube nucleus powder, then with 30g
Mg(OH)2It is mixed with 80mL distilled water, is ground to form uniform mixed material；
(2) mixed material that step (1) obtains is placed in vacuum drying chamber, the stir speed (S.S.) for controlling magnetic stirring apparatus is
800rmp under conditions of vacuum degree is -0.08MPa, in 80 DEG C of dry 18h, obtains presoma；
(3) presoma that step (2) obtains is placed in tube furnace, first vacuumized, then be passed through argon gas, with 8 DEG C/min's
Heating rate carries out heat treatment 3h from room temperature to 900 DEG C, biomass porous carbon material is obtained, labeled as WJC-800-3.
Embodiment 4
Biomass porous carbon material WJC-800-1, WJC-800-2 and WJC-800- that embodiment 1,2 and 3 is prepared
3 are respectively prepared carbon electrode in the same way, and preparation process is as follows：
Using acetylene black as conductive agent, ptfe emulsion (PTFE, 60wt%) is binding agent, by biomass porous carbon materials
The volume ratio of material, the quality of conductive agent and binding agent and ethyl alcohol is 8g：1g：1g：The ratio of 500mL surpasses under 250W ultrasonic powers
Sound 30min is mixed, and then obtained material is transferred in mortar, grinds 15min；
By the material after grinding coated on foam nickel sheet, dry 15min, then keeps under 10MPa pressure at 90 DEG C
5min carries out tabletting, dry at 80 DEG C to obtain carbon electrode for 24 hours finally under conditions of vacuum degree is -0.1MPa, wherein, institute
It is 2mg/cm that biomass porous carbon material, which is stated, in the load capacity of nickel foam on piece2。
Using the carbon electrode being prepared as working electrode, platinum electrode is to electrode, and Hg/HgO is reference electrode, 6mol/L
KOH solution for electrolyte, carry out charge-discharge test with electrochemical workstation three-electrode system, current density is arranged on 0.5A
g-1, and voltage range is -1~0V, the results are shown in Figure 8.Embodiment 1, embodiment 2 can be calculated according to Fig. 8 and implemented
The specific capacitance of the biomass porous carbon material of example 3 is respectively 286,398 and 305F/g.
Choose carbon similar in two tablet qualities being prepared into as the biomass porous carbon material WJC-800-2 that embodiment 2 obtains
For electrode as symmetry electrode, the KOH solution of 6mol/L is electrolyte, and glass fibre is membrane, is assembled into button cell, carries out two
Electrode charge and discharge is tested, and current density range is arranged to 0.5~2A/g, and 0~1V of voltage range, the results are shown in Figure 9.According to figure
9 can be calculated the biomass porous carbon material of embodiment 2 under 0.5A/g current densities, and specific capacitance reaches 260F/g.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, biomass porous carbon material micropore provided by the invention is flourishing, aperture 1.27
The pore volume of~2.00nm accounts for the 60%~85% of the biomass porous carbon material total pore volume.In addition, biology provided by the invention
Matter porous carbon materials have larger specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and superior capacitive character.The experimental results showed that it uses
The biomass porous carbon material specific surface area that technical solution provided by the invention is prepared reaches 2438m2/ g, specific capacitance reach
400F/g, electrical conductivity 9.62S/cm can be used as carbon electrode to be applied in ultracapacitor.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of biomass porous carbon material, comprises the following steps：
(1) jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent are mixed, obtains mixed material；
(2) processing is dried in the mixed material that the step (1) obtains, obtains presoma；
(3) in protective gas atmosphere, the presoma that the step (2) obtains is heat-treated, obtains biomass porous carbon
Material；
The mass ratio of step (1) jujube nucleus, alkali source and solvent is 1：(1~3)：(1~8)；
Jujube nucleus crush processing before use described in step (1), obtain jujube nucleus powder, the grain of the jujube nucleus powder
It spends for 0.1~1.0mm；
The temperature of drying process described in step (2) is 80~120 DEG C, time of drying process for 8~for 24 hours；
The temperature being heat-treated described in step (3) is 700~900 DEG C, and the time of heat treatment is 2~4h.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that alkali source described in step (1) include hydroxide and
One or more of carbonate based compounds.
3. according to the preparation method described in claim 1~2 any one, which is characterized in that solvent includes described in step (1)
One or more of water and alcohols solvent.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating rate for being warming up to the heat treatment temperature is
3~8 DEG C/min.
5. the biomass porous carbon material that any one of Claims 1 to 4 preparation method is prepared, aperture for 1.27~
The pore volume of 2.00nm accounts for the 60%~85% of the biomass porous carbon material total pore volume.
6. application of the biomass porous carbon material in ultracapacitor described in claim 5.
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| CN107628597B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-04-28 | 河南师范大学 | By using SiO2Method for preparing biomass carbon material with micropore and mesopore structure by coating method |
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| CN103011129A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 黑龙江大学 | Method for preparing high-specific-surface-area porous graphitic nanocarbon plate with coconut shells serving as raw materials |
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