CN106142537B - 超声处理装置和用于其的横向密封超声焊极 - Google Patents

超声处理装置和用于其的横向密封超声焊极 Download PDF

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CN106142537B
CN106142537B CN201610594170.6A CN201610594170A CN106142537B CN 106142537 B CN106142537 B CN 106142537B CN 201610594170 A CN201610594170 A CN 201610594170A CN 106142537 B CN106142537 B CN 106142537B
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sonotrode
bar
ultrasonic
sealing surfaces
roller shape
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CN106142537A (zh
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U·沃格勒
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/087—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using both a rotary sonotrode and a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83511—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B29C66/83513—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums cooperating jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders or drums and moving in a closed path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/088—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using several cooperating sonotrodes, i.e. interacting with each other, e.g. for realising the same joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7443—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc by means of ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
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    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/06—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in a longitudinally-folded web, or in a web folded into a tube about the articles or quantities of material placed upon it
    • B65B9/067—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in a longitudinally-folded web, or in a web folded into a tube about the articles or quantities of material placed upon it the web advancing continuously
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T156/12—Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
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  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于借助于超声连续处理幅材的装置的超声焊极。为了提供超声焊极以及具有这样的超声焊极的超声处理装置，该超声焊极生产简单并确保可靠的横向密封缝形成，其中超声焊极的能耗较低，且超声焊极还具有较高等级的转动真实精度和足够的刚度，根据本发明提出该超声焊极包括大致辊轮形芯和至少两个杆，其中杆沿芯轴线方向延伸，且每个杆具有背向辊轮形芯的密封表面。

Description

超声处理装置和用于其的横向密封超声焊极
本申请是2011年11月7日进入国家阶段的PCT申请PCT/EP2010/057362的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用超声连续处理幅材的装置和用于该装置的超声焊极。
背景技术
超声是可听极限以上的机械振动。频率范围开始于约20kHz并延伸到1GHz的频率。这种超声频率通常通过压电声换能器(转换器)从电能产生。该机械振动能量通过可能通过振幅变换件(也称为增能器)连接到转换器的超声焊极施加到所要处理的工件或材料。
用于与所要处理的材料接触的超声焊极的表面也称为密封表面。因此振动单元包括发生器、转换器、选配的变幅件和超声焊极。对于多种使用情况，转换器和超声焊极形成为单件。
为了有效地通过超声振动单元传递超声振动，必须使超声振动单元呈现谐振状态。根据超声振动单元的结构，其有多个自然频率。仅在转换器产生超声振动单元的自然频率时，才发生单元的谐振振动。因此，转换器和超声振动单元必须彼此调谐。
当借助于超声处理材料时，一般而言所要处理的材料定位在超声焊极与也称为砧台的配套工具(不属于振动结构)之间。然后与所要处理材料接触的超声焊极将超声能量传递到所要处理的材料，所述材料例如由此焊接或切断。
包装技术通常使用所谓的水平或竖直管状袋子包装机。在这种机器中，从料卷拉出幅材，成形为形成管，并将纵向边缘密封。然后将袋子充装，沿横向密封并最后切断。所以，横向缝的焊接既产生充装好的袋子的头缝也产生下一个袋子的底缝。
在管状袋子包装机中，超声焊极通常用于产生纵向缝。在这种情况下，所要连结的幅材在超声焊极与配套工具之间连续移动。
目前大多使用热密封装置来产生横向密封缝。但是，目前也单独使用超声处理装置来产生横向密封缝。但是，这些通常是间断运行的超声焊极，即是说，超声焊极不转动，而是大致矩形密封表面与幅材周期性接触以产生横向密封缝。
US 6 574 944已经提出用于借助于超声产生横向密封缝的转动超声焊极。在该专利所示的实施例中，四个分开的超声焊极安装在平行六面体驱动轴上。当驱动轴转动时，四个超声焊极相继与幅材接触并产生相应的横向密封缝。
但有四个超声焊极安装在轴上的实施例的生产复杂且昂贵。此外，仅能通过驱动轴用高能耗使四个超声焊极的密封表面振动。因此，US 6 574 944中所示的结构在实践中并未取得成功。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种超声焊极或具有超声焊极的超声处理装置，该超声焊极易于生产并确保可靠的横向密封缝产生，其中超声焊极的能耗较低。此外，本发明寻求提供具有高度的转动真实精度和足够的刚度的超声焊极。
根据本发明，该目的由这样的超声焊极来实现，该超声焊极包括大致辊轮形芯和至少两个杆，其中诸杆沿芯轴线方向延伸且每个杆具有背向辊轮形芯的密封表面。基本上，根据本发明的超声焊极具有多个密封表面。当超声焊极沿辊轮形芯的纵向轴线转动时，各个密封表面相继与所要处理的幅材接触并产生横向密封缝。
可容易地生产这种超声焊极。因此，例如可从条形材料铣削出适当的空腔，从而仅保留各杆，而密封表面大致由条形材料的周界表面形成。因此，诸条较佳地与辊轮形芯形成一件。由于从辊轮形芯至各杆的超声振动传递中的传递损失减少，所以该措施减少激励密封表面时的能量损失。此外，通过分散连接位置而减小组装公差，这总体上致使转动真实精度增加。
在较佳实施例中，垂直于辊轮轴线的截面中密封表面的轮廓凸出弯曲，其中密封表面的曲率半径较佳地大约对应于密封表面到芯轴线的间距。垂直于辊轮轴线的截面内密封表面的凸出曲率改进超声焊极的转动真实精度，且同时改进可产生的横向密封缝的质量。
业已发现，如果密封表面到芯轴线的间距比芯半径大约25至150％之间，且较佳地大约75至100％之间，则可减少激励能量，即是说在所要求频率和幅值下使密封表面振动所必需的能量。
此外，测试显示如果密封表面沿轴向、即平行于芯轴线具有长度l，其中0.4×λ≤l≤0.6×λ，其中λ是超声焊极的超声振动的波长，则可改进密封效果。
应理解，在某些情况下，波长可取决于超声振动在超声焊极内传播的方向。即使该方向依赖性一般是可忽略的，但术语波长λ用于指示平行于芯轴线的波长。
应当理解，可仅在其自然频率f附近有效地运行超声焊极，因为只有这样才产生驻波，即是说当将密封表面应用于幅材时，超声焊极处于储存可传递到所要处理的材料内相当多能量的位置。声速c取决于制成超声焊极的材料。业已证实使用铝、钛或钢是尤其有利的。在理想情况下，密封表面具有平行于芯轴线的长度l，该长度l对应于超声波长的一半。
但是，业已发现，密封表面的振幅沿轴向从密封表面的中心沿边缘区域方向减小，从而仅在增加能量输入时在密封表面的边缘区域内实现最佳焊接效果，但是这致使在密封表面的中心区域内传递比用于密封目的所必需的能量多的能量到幅材内。一方面，这可致使能量需求增加，且另一方面如果过量的能量传递到幅材，甚至致使密封效果变差。
为了减少沿密封表面纵向方向振幅的变化，即是说减少从中心沿轴向沿边缘部分方向的振幅下降，如果诸杆具有连接部分和承载密封表面的密封部分，其中密封部分沿轴向突出，即是说沿平行于芯轴线的方向在至少在一侧且较佳地在两侧突出超过连接部分的值s>0，其中较佳地0.01×λ≤s≤0.2×λ，则是有利的。换言之，密封表面沿轴向突出超过连接部分约超声波长的1/100至1/5。沿密封表面超声振幅的变化通过诸杆的特定形状而显著减小。
在较佳实施例中，连接部分紧接着辊轮形芯终止。连接部分和密封部分有利地在截面图(垂直于芯轴线的截面)中具有相同宽度。
在另一较佳实施例中，设置成密封表面到芯轴线的间距d在超声波长的40至60％之间。
在尤其较佳实施例中，密封表面具有平行于芯轴线延伸的沟槽。该沟槽设置成接纳布置在与超声焊极相关联的配套工具上的相应切割装置。基本上，沟槽将密封表面分成两个密封表面部分，其中一个密封表面部分产生第一包装件的底缝，而另一个密封表面部分产生另一包装件的头缝，同时相应的切割装置切断相邻包装件。由于沟槽的设置，相应的切割刀片可方便地穿入沟槽内并切断材料。这样，由于切割操作期间切割刃和密封表面不彼此接触，所以切割刃和密封表面被小心处理。或者，为了保护密封表面，还能够使可能设置在密封表面的在切割操作期间与切割工具接触的区域内的保护涂层做得更厚。
作为替代方式，切割装置也可布置在超声焊极内。在该情况下，配套工具可具有相应的沟槽，切割操作期间超声焊极的切割装置可配合在该相应沟槽内。
本发明还涉及用具有超声振动单元借助于超声连续处理幅材的超声处理装置，该超声振动单元包括：转换器、通过所述类型的变幅部分选配地连接到转换器的超声焊极、以及配套工具，其中为了处理幅材，可在超声焊极与配套工具之间引导幅材。在该情况下，芯轴线垂直于材料行进方向布置。超声处理操作期间，超声焊极绕其芯轴线转动。
如该说明书的开头部分中已经解释的，在超声焊极的密封表面处产生的振幅沿密封表面并不均匀。而是，振幅在振动表面中心附近最大，而沿轴向变小，即是说沿平行于辊轮轴线的方向朝向边缘区域变小。因此，为了确保边缘区域内的最佳密封，必需增加所供给的能量且因此增加振幅，但是这样的后果是在密封表面中心的区域内传递不必要的大量能量。
为了改进密封表面的整个长度上的密封质量，且同时为了减少用于密封横向密封缝所必需的能量，一特定实施例使得第二超声焊极用作配套工具，其中较佳地是第二超声焊极相对于第一超声焊极沿芯轴线移位长度v，其中较佳地长度v＝1/4×λ，且λ是第一超声焊极内超声振动的波长。在该情况下，较佳地使第二超声焊极以与第一超声焊极相同的频率振动。
第一超声焊极相对于第二超声焊极移位大约四分之一波长确保具有较大振幅的第一超声焊极的密封表面的区域与振幅相对小的第二超声焊极的密封表面的区域接触。该措施使得沿密封表面的长度更均匀地将能量传递至幅材，由此一方面改进密封效果，且另一方面节省能量。
作为配套工具运行的超声焊极会能够通过自身具有转换器的变幅件进行激励。在该情况下，两个超声焊极的激励较佳地是同步的。
然而，或者也能够省去对于用作配套工具的第二超声焊极的有源激励。更具体地，由于第一振动超声焊极将幅材夹持在其密封表面之间，且第二超声焊极能量不仅传递到幅材内而且穿过幅材进入由此使其振动的第二超声焊极。
附图说明
其它特征、优点和可能的用途可从以下较佳实施例的描述和相关附图中清楚地显现出来，附图中：
图1示出超声焊极的第一实施例的立体图，
图2示出图1实施例的侧视图，
图3示出具有转换器的超声焊极的第一实施例的立体图，
图4示出超声焊极的第二实施例的立体图，
图5示出本发明的第三实施例的立体图，
图6示出具有收缩在其上的套管的图5实施例的立体图，
图7示出穿过第三实施例的超声焊极的局部剖视图，
图8示出超声焊极的第三实施例的局部剖视图，
图9示出超声焊极的第四实施例的示意性详图，
图10示出超声焊极的第五实施例的示意图，
图11示出本发明的第三实施例的横截面图，
图12示出第一实施例的横截面图，
图13示出具有对应于本发明的第一实施例的超声焊极的超声处理装置的立体图，
图14示出超声处理装置的第二实施例的立体详图，
图15示出超声处理装置的第三实施例的侧视图，
图16示出图15实施例的局部立体图，
图17示出超声焊极的第二实施例的侧视图；以及
图18示出穿过图17的超声焊极的纵向剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明超声焊极的第一实施例的立体图，而图2示出其侧视图。
两个变幅件形成在超声焊极的两侧。该超声焊极具有大致辊轮形芯2，在该芯上形成有两个径向相对的杆3，杆3径向向外延伸超出辊轮表面。杆3各自具有相应的密封表面4，该密封表面4在运行时用于与所要处理的幅材接触。相应的轴部分5沿轴向在两个方向邻接辊轮形芯2。
超声焊极具有长度a。在两侧邻接有具有长度e的两个变幅件。变幅件可与超声焊极一体形成。应当理解，还可仅使用一个变幅件。
然后可将转换器沿轴向安装在变幅件之一处。运行时，超声焊极绕轴线b转动。超声振动通过转换器传递到所示结构内，其中超声振动首先轴向传播。但是，此外还形成径向超声振动，在所示实施例中，径向超声振动用于处理幅材。从图2还将看出，在所示实施例中，密封表面4在两侧沿轴向突出，即是说沿平行于转动轴线b的方向突出，稍微超出辊轮形芯。相应凸缘6设置在超声焊极的轴部分上，凸缘设置成保持超声焊极。凸缘6大致设置在超声振动的轴向振动节点处，即是说在凸缘6的区域内在激励状态下沿轴向几乎没有振动。
在所示实施例中，通过两个紧接着连续布置的变幅件保持超声焊极。两个变幅件承载固定套筒7形式的保持件，超声振动单元可通过固定套筒7安装或固定至框架支承结构。因此超声振动单元不是在单个接触位置而是在两个接触位置配合，由此可传递较高的保持力且尤其是也可传递挠曲力。该安装应当是转动安装形式，从而超声焊极可绕其纵向轴线b转动。该装置具有非常高的挠曲刚度，具有最佳振动去耦合(decoupling)。
固定套筒7各自至少部分地包围相应的变幅件。这意味着超声振动单元的固定并不直接通过与变幅件接触来实现，而是两个变幅件承载然后被支承的固定套筒7。其主要优点在于，尤其在转动安装的情况下，两个变幅件通过单次安装进行保持，由此降低结构复杂度和花费。
较佳地，固定套筒7在振动节点区域内与两个变幅件中的每个接触。这用于沿轴向的最佳振动去耦合。在该方面，两个变幅件有利地在其振动节点的区域内具有用于保持结构的具体是周向延伸的接触表面15。可在变幅件内相对精确地确定该振动节点，且因此可精确地定位接触表面。此外，这种接触表面相对易于形成。可将两个变幅件以两个部件的形式分开形成，但它们也可以是单个部件的形式。
为了使保持结构能够在变幅件上精确定位，设置成至少一个变幅件具有与接触表面邻接的周向延伸凸缘6，保持结构轴向支承抵靠该凸缘。这确保保持结构呈现其相对于变幅件的正确位置，且此外通过该凸缘防止保持结构在变幅件上的移位。通过固定套筒实现沿径向方向的去耦合，从而管部分可在其中部被夹持。该配合和安装点既不沿径向也不沿轴向振动。
图3示出图1和2的超声焊极的立体图，其中这里设置附加的固定套筒7，该附加的固定套筒7在凸缘6处与超声焊极配合。此外，还有转换器8，超声振动通过转换器8传递到超声焊极内。
图4示出根据本发明超声焊极的第二实施例的立体图。在该情况下，超声焊极具有总共六个杆3，该六个杆3沿周向均匀地径向间隔开。在所示实施例中，由各杆3提供的密封表面4具有平行于转动轴线延伸的沟槽9。沟槽9用于接纳容纳在配套工具上的切割工具，使得能够用所示的超声焊极形成第一包装件的头缝和邻接的第二包装件的底缝并进行第一和第二包装件之间的切割。
密封表面4在其端部各自具有相应倒角10。
图5示出超声焊极的第三实施例的立体图。图5实施例与图4实施例的区别主要在于密封表面4沿轴向、即沿平行于转动轴线的方向在两侧突出超过辊轮形芯2的长度s。基本上，各杆包括连接部分和具有密封表面的密封部分，其中密封部分沿芯轴线方向突出超过连接部分。
图6对应于图5中的视图，但这里还示出与凸缘6接触的连接套筒7。
图7示出穿过图5实施例的局部纵剖视图。这里可以看出，各杆被分成长度为t的连接部分和密封部分u。该密封部分沿轴向突出超过连接部分的量为长度s。该措施用于在密封表面4的区域内实现尽可能均匀的振幅。
图8示出穿过实施例2和3的超声焊极的局部剖视图。会看出，密封表面4被轴向延伸沟槽9分开。还会看出，垂直于芯轴线的剖视图内的密封表面凸出弯曲，曲率半径大致对应于密封表面4与芯轴线之间的间距。应当理解，密封表面4能够被涂敷。
图9示出使切割工具11进入沟槽9的示意图。切割工具较佳地还用超声振动作用，从而方便地切断所要处理的幅材。切割工具可例如通过夹紧配合、粘合剂或螺钉装置而固定在沟槽内。
图10示出涂料12的实例。在该情况下，如果密封表面不具有沟槽，则涂料12可在切割工具与超声焊极会合的区域较厚。
图11和12示出超声焊极的第一和第三实施例的截面图。诸杆沿周向等距间隔，从而当选择偶数个杆时两个杆总是以径向相对关系布置。
图13示出超声处理装置的立体图。在例如水平管状袋子包装机内，超声处理装置用于产生横向密封缝。为了包装所要包装的相应材料，幅材沿根据本发明的超声焊极12与相应的配套工具13之间移动。在所示实施例中，配套工具13也具有杆形部分。只要超声焊极12的密封部分与配套工具3的相应杆表面会合时，形成横向密封缝。在各个杆之间形成中空空间，中空空间的大小由辊轮形芯界定，并用于接纳所要包装的材料。
图14示出替代实施例的运行模式的示意图。这里，所要处理的幅材移动通过对应于第一实施例的超声焊极12与这里也为超声焊极形式的配套工具14之间。会看出，当两个超声焊极的两个密封表面会合时产生横向密封缝。
当沿轴向，即沿平行于芯轴线的方向在焊接表面处产生大致非均匀振幅时，图15和16所示的替代实施例使得用作配套工具的超声焊极14沿轴向相对于第一超声焊极12移位。在理想情况下，该移位大致对应于超声振动的四分之一波长。
图17和18示出第二实施例的超声焊极的侧视图(图17)和纵剖视图(图18)。从该图会清楚看出，套筒7与凸缘6和超声焊极的接触表面15配合。套筒7可例如收缩在变幅件上，以将套筒7固定到变幅件。或者，它们也可焊接就位或以其它方式连结。
附图标记列表
1 超声处理装置
2 芯
3 杆
4 密封表面
5 轴部分
6 凸缘
7 固定套筒
8 转换器
9 沟槽
10 倒角
11 切割工具
12 超声焊极
13 配套工具
14 配套工具(超声焊极)
15 接触表面
b 转动轴线

Claims (12)

1.一种用于借助于超声连续处理幅材的装置的超声焊极，其中，所述超声焊极包括大致辊轮形芯和至少两个杆，其中所述杆沿芯轴线方向延伸且每个杆具有背向辊轮形芯的密封表面，所述超声焊极具有20kHz至1GHz之间范围内的自然频率f，其特征在于，所述杆的数量是偶数，且各所述杆沿周向等距间隔，从而两个杆总是以径向相对关系布置，所述密封表面至所述芯轴线的间距大于所述芯半径约25至150％之间，且所述密封表面沿所述芯轴线方向具有长度l，其中0.4×λ≤l≤0.6×λ，λ是所述超声焊极的超声振动的波长。
2.一种用于借助于超声连续处理幅材的装置的超声焊极，其中，所述超声焊极包括大致辊轮形芯和至少两个杆，其中所述杆沿芯轴线方向延伸且每个杆具有背向辊轮形芯的密封表面，所述超声焊极具有20kHz至1GHz之间范围内的自然频率f，其特征在于，所述杆的数量是偶数，且各所述杆沿周向等距间隔，从而两个杆总是以径向相对关系布置，所述密封表面至所述芯轴线的间距大于所述芯半径约25至150％之间，且所述杆具有连接部分和具有密封表面的密封部分，其中所述密封部分沿所述芯轴线的方向突出，且较佳地在两侧突出超出连接部分的值s>0。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的超声焊极，其特征在于，所述杆与所述辊轮形芯一体形成。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的超声焊极，其特征在于，垂直于辊轮轴线的截面中密封表面的轮廓凸出弯曲，其中所述密封表面的曲率半径较佳地大约对应于所述密封表面到所述芯轴线的间距。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的超声焊极，其特征在于，所述密封表面至所述芯轴线的间距大于所述芯半径约75至100％之间。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的超声焊极，其特征在于，所述密封表面具有平行于所述芯轴线延伸的沟槽。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的超声焊极，其特征在于，所述密封表面具有平行于所述芯轴线延伸的切割装置。
8.一种具有超声振动单元借助于超声连续处理幅材的超声处理装置，所述超声振动单元包括：转换器；如权利要求1至7中一项所述的、任选地通过变幅部分连接到所述转换器的超声焊极；以及配套工具，其中为了处理幅材，可在所述超声焊极与所述配套工具之间引导幅材。
9.一种具有超声振动单元借助于超声连续处理幅材的超声处理装置，所述超声振动单元包括：转换器；任选地通过变幅部分连接到所述转换器的第一超声焊极，其中，所述第一超声焊极包括大致辊轮形芯和至少两个杆，其中所述杆沿芯轴线方向延伸且每个杆具有背向辊轮形芯的密封表面，其中所述超声焊极具有20kHz至1GHz之间范围内的自然频率f，其特征在于，所述杆的数量是偶数，且各所述杆沿周向等距间隔，从而两个杆总是以径向相对关系布置，所述密封表面至所述芯轴线的间距大于所述芯半径约25至150％之间，其特征在于，设有用作配套工具的第二超声焊极，其中，所述第二超声焊极包括大致辊轮形芯和至少两个杆，其中所述杆沿芯轴线方向延伸且每个杆具有背向辊轮形芯的密封表面，其中所述第二超声焊极沿所述芯轴线相对于所述第一超声焊极移位长度v。
10.如权利要求9所述的超声处理装置，其特征在于，长度v＝0.25×λ，其中λ是所述第一超声焊极内超声振动的波长。
11.如权利要求9所述的超声处理装置，其特征在于，设有同步装置，所述同步装置使作为所述配套工具运行的所述第二超声焊极的超声振动与所述第一超声焊极的超声振动同步。
12.如权利要求9所述的超声处理装置，其特征在于，作为所述配套工具运行的所述第二超声焊极不是有源激励的。
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