CN106140868A - A kind of manufacturing process of large section ratio triangular-section thin-walled twisted tube - Google Patents
A kind of manufacturing process of large section ratio triangular-section thin-walled twisted tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN106140868A CN106140868A CN201610771041.XA CN201610771041A CN106140868A CN 106140868 A CN106140868 A CN 106140868A CN 201610771041 A CN201610771041 A CN 201610771041A CN 106140868 A CN106140868 A CN 106140868A
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- taper pipe
- rhizoma sparganii
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/16—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction
- B21C37/18—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction conical tubes
- B21C37/185—Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction conical tubes starting from sheet material
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- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section thin-walled twisted tube, purpose is, solve the fillet shaping problem not in place that little acute triangle cross section causes because of the restriction of limit fillet, the cross section bulk difference that solution cross-section varibility causes greatly is big, shape the difficult problem ruptured, shape qualified parts, and improve production efficiency, the technical scheme used is: 1) to the plate longitudinally cutting weld seam of bending tailing edge, and longitudinal measure obtains Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe；2) using preform mould that Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe forges into the performing member close with fabricated part shape, performing member produces bending and reverses, and makes the large port portion of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe expand tapered；3) swell after annealing performing member shaping, the finishing die that swells uses former and formpiston, and formpiston is identical with performing member character, and is goed deep into by formpiston in the tube chamber of performing member before the shaping that swells, swell die sinking excision two ends process section after shaping, and i.e. obtains fabricated part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aero-engine and manufacture field, relate to metal plate forming method, be specifically related to a kind of large section ratio three
The manufacturing process of angle section thin-walled twisted tube.
Background technology
In novel aero-engine high-pressure turbine guider, air coolant tube material is nickel base superalloy, sees Fig. 1, wall thickness
For 0.2mm, catheter length is about 67mm, and its shape exists bending along its length and reverses.Its cross section is subtriangular,
Triangular-section minimum acute angle is only 24 °, and minimum connecting arc radius is only 1.1mm.Its cross sectional dimensions changes greatly, maximum
The cross section length of side is about 30 × 23 × 14mm, girth 66mm, and the smallest cross-sectional length of side is about 16 × 13 × 9mm, girth 37.5mm,
Greatly, the ratio of smallest cross-sectional girth is 1.76.
Owing to this conduit size is little, cross sectional dimensions changes greatly, and band bending and torsion, shapes extremely difficult.For becoming
The tiny pipe fitting in cross section, general uses pipe to carry out inner high voltage to swell shaping.Owing to this conduit is maximum, smallest cross-sectional size difference
Greatly, if determining pipe diameter by smallest cross-sectional size, can rupture because bulk is too big at maximum cross-section.
In order to reduce the bulk at maximum cross-section, select less than largest cross-sectional sized and than smallest cross-sectional size big one
The moderate pipe of individual comparison, is accomplished by before bulging pipe is carried out undergauge processing, makes pipe perimeter of section be respectively less than part correspondence and cuts
Face girth.But, owing to tube wall is the thinnest, and smallest cross-sectional size is the least, and cut-off is very big, easily produces unstability and rise during undergauge
Wrinkle or rupture, it is difficult to obtaining the circular pipe of variable cross-section.
If using the prefabricated blank of other structure, all should by preform make prefabricated blank shape close to part shape, because of
For the radius of corner of prefabricated blank and the radius of corner difference of part requirements bigger time, be difficult to reach part requirements by swelling
Radius of corner.When swelling, less interior pressure will make two limit patch moulds of fillet, and once patch mould will form contact friction,
Contact friction will hinder material to flow to corner.Recognizing by, intrinsic pressure the biggest, radius of corner should be the least, but according to having
The result of study of pass data, rubbing action will produce horicycle angular radius, when intrinsic pressure increase to certain value time, radius of corner will not
Reduce again.If intrinsic pressure continuation increases, part will rupture at round-corner transition.So, the prefabricated blank of which kind of shape, pre-is used
Base radius of corner is much and how to obtain that can need the prefabricated blank of geomery be the key that obtain qualified parts, also
It it is the maximum difficult point of this part manufacture.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of large section ratio triangular-section thin-walled twisted tube
Manufacturing process, solves the fillet shaping problem not in place that little acute triangle cross section causes because of the restriction of limit fillet, solves
The cross section bulk difference that cross-section varibility is big and causes is big, shape the difficult problem ruptured, and shapes qualified parts, and improves life
Produce efficiency.
In order to realize object above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: comprise the following steps:
1) to the plate longitudinally cutting weld seam of bending tailing edge, and longitudinal measure obtains Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe, the horizontal stroke of described Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe
Cross section radius of corner is less than or equal to the radius of corner of fabricated part cross section taken in correspondence, and the weld seam of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe divides in solder side
On line, using straight weld, the big termination of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe increases technology hold-down section when swelling and welding striking section, at small end head
Increase shape transition section and segmental arc is received in welding；
2) using preform mould that Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe forges into the performing member close with fabricated part shape, performing member produces
Raw bending and torsion, and make the large port portion of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe expand tapered；
3) swell after annealing performing member shaping, and the finishing die that swells uses former and formpiston, formpiston and preform
Part character is identical, and is goed deep into by formpiston in the tube chamber of performing member before the shaping that swells, die sinking excision two ends technique after the shaping that swells
Section, i.e. obtains fabricated part.
Described step 1) in two the trapezoidal splicings being shaped as common hypotenuse of plate, and two trapezoidal edges hypotenuses altogether are symmetrical,
This common hypotenuse is the middle bending line of plate.
Described step 1) in the two ends of plate trapezoidal on be respectively equipped with folding line, folding line sets weld seam cutting the most respectively
Line, weld seam line of cut the most outwards increases the cutting surplus of cutting weld seam.
Described step 1) in plate cutting weld seam use line cutting.
Described step 2) in preform mould upper and lower mould matched moulds after, the flared block of employing level heads into Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe
In big end type hole, large port portion is expanded tapered.
Described step 2) in Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe, irrigate paraffin before preform.
Described step 3) in swell shaping time install interior blank holder additional in the large port portion of performing member.
Described step 3) in formpiston use flexible polyurethane formpiston.
Described step 3) in former use split around split-type.
Described step 3) in swell finishing die by more than 100 tons single shaft four-column hydraulic press drive.
Compared with prior art, thin plate plate is prefabricated into Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe and carries out the intrinsic pressure shaping that swells, prefabricated component by the present invention
Simple in construction, easily manufactures, and makes the connecting arc radius smallest circle by fabricated part correspondence corner of prefabricated component triangular-section
Arc radial design, reduces the limit fillet swollen when shaping and limits, it is ensured that the shape need of part, simultaneously by corresponding cross section
Girth approximately equal principle, is optimized design to the length of side of prefabricated component section triangle, reduces bulk, reduce and rupture wind
Danger.The present invention solves a technical barrier of novel aero-engine manufacture view, it is ensured that grinding of novel aero-engine
Requirement processed, is of great immediate significance to national defense construction, and the present invention makes the shaping qualification rate of air coolant tube be greatly improved, and single
Air coolant tube quantity needed for platform electromotor is big, and high-temperature alloy material price used is high, and the raising of qualification rate can be greatly reduced
Production cost, enough produces the biggest economic benefit for batch production capacity.
Further, the present invention uses the method irrigating paraffin in Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe to carry out preform, it is therefore prevented that tube wall is wrinkling,
Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe is bent close to part shape by the method using forging and stamping, enables to load bulging in the finishing die that swells smoothly.
Further, during preform, part large port portion is expanded tapered, swell and install interior flanging additional in large port portion when shaping
Circle, solves the formpiston crush injury problem to large port portion.
Further, flexible polyurethane formpiston is used to shape, it is to avoid the seal request that liquid medium internal high pressure forming is complicated, work
Skill is simple, and forming efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fabricated part；
Fig. 2 is the blanking figure of plate, and a is middle bending line, and b is right folding curved line, and c is backhand welding seaming and cutting secant, and d is that left weld seam is cut
Secant, e is left folding curved line；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of sheet-metal press working V-arrangement；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of plate two Edge Bend；
Fig. 5 is the cutting of plate line and the schematic diagram of welding longitudinal joint；
Fig. 6 is preform schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the shaping schematic diagram that swells；
Fig. 8 is extraction part section curve chart；
Fig. 9 is the part section curve chart after reversing；
Figure 10 is extraction triangular pyramid tube section curve chart；
Figure 11 a is the front section view of preform mould, and Figure 11 b is the top view of preform mould, and 1 is preform mould base, 2
For preform mould push rod, 3 is tip-lever support, and 4 is flared block, and 5 is preform mould cope match-plate pattern, and 6 is upper mold, and 7 is lower mold, and 8 is pre-
Finishing die is framed, and 9 is type block guide rail；
Figure 12 a is the front section view of finishing die of swelling, and Figure 12 b is the top view of finishing die of swelling, and 10 is the shaping that swells
Mould base, 11 is framed for the finishing die that swells, and 12 is right half former, and 13 is blank holder, and 14 is pressure head, and 15 is stage clip frame, and 16 is swollen
Big finishing die cope match-plate pattern, 17 is stage clip, and 18 is left half former, and 19 is top board, and 20 is the finishing die push rod that swells, and 21 is guide pillar.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and Figure of description, the present invention is further explained.
The present invention comprises the following steps:
1) plate bending tailing edge vertical line is cut weld seam, and longitudinal measure obtains Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe, being shaped as altogether of plate
Two trapezoidal splicings of hypotenuse, and two trapezoidal edge hypotenuses altogether are symmetrical, this common hypotenuse is the middle bending line a of plate, the two of plate
Holding and be respectively equipped with left folding line e and right folding line b on trapezoidal, folding line sets left weld seam line of cut d and backhand welding seaming and cutting the most respectively
Secant c, weld seam line of cut the most outwards increases the cutting surplus of cutting weld seam；The cross circular section angular radius of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe is less than
In the radius of corner of fabricated part cross section taken in correspondence, the weld seam of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe on the middle separated time of solder side, use straight weld, three
The big termination of pyramid pipe increases technology hold-down section when swelling and welding striking section, increases shape transition section and weldering at small end head
Receive segmental arc；
2) in Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe, irrigate paraffin before preform, use preform mould to be forged into and fabricated part by Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe
The performing member that shape is close, performing member produces bending and reverses, and after the upper and lower mould matched moulds of preform mould, uses level
Flared block heads in the big end type hole of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe, makes the large port portion of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe expand tapered；
3) swell after annealing performing member shaping, and swelling to shape uses former and the polyurethane splitting around point lobe
Soft formpiston, the finishing die that swells is driven by the single shaft four-column hydraulic press more than 100 tons, flexible polyurethane formpiston and performing member character phase
With, and before the shaping that swells, flexible polyurethane formpiston is goed deep in the tube chamber of performing member, swell when shaping at the big end of performing member
Oral area installs interior blank holder additional, die sinking extract flexible polyurethane formpiston out after the shaping that swells, excision two ends process section, i.e. obtains finished product zero
Part.
The present invention specifically includes following steps: band → die-cut blanking (see Fig. 2) → punching press V-type (see Fig. 3) → two edge break
Curved (see Fig. 4) → line cutting longitudinal joint (see Fig. 5) → welding longitudinal joint (see Fig. 5) → filling paraffin → preform (see Fig. 6) → except paraffin
→ shaping (see Fig. 7) of annealing → swell → excision two ends process section obtains finished product (see Fig. 1).
The present invention specifically includes following aspect:
1, prefabricated pipe design:
Prefabricated Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe carries out longitudinal measure acquisition after using plate bending, and the bulk of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe should be the least,
Cross circular section angular radius should be less than equal to part correspondence cross section radius of corner.
(1) solder side and position while welding are determined:
See Fig. 2, solder side select more straight, shape time deform on little surface, weld seam is selected in solder side
Middle separated time on, use straight weld.
(2) extraction cross section curve:
See Fig. 8, along a longitudinally determining deviation extraction cross-section curve, it is necessary to comprise maximum cross-section and smallest cross-sectional, cross section
Change is acutely and extraction can be encrypted in the big position of distortion.
(3) longitudinally straightened:
Making a straight line vertical with datum end face as weld line, sideline and midpoint with cross section welding edge are right
Positive benchmark, and is concatenated into each cross section on weld line at himself plane translation.
(4) cross section is reversed:
According to the approximately equalised principle of cross section taken in correspondence girth, each section triangle is optimized design, specifically side
Method is: stretched on three subtriangular for former cross section limits, suitably adjusts the length of side on two limits adjacent with welding edge, makes institute
The vertical angles having section triangle welding edge are on same straight line, and the connecting arc radius at three angles is respectively by the seamed edge of place
The minimum arc radius in each cross section is chosen, and then constructs nearly triangular pyramid three-dimension curved surface by the section triangle after optimizing, after torsion
Torsion after part section curve see Fig. 9.
(5) the maximum straight triangular pyramid of extraction:
Choosing two typical section triangle structure triangular pyramids, the volume making triangular pyramid is maximum, and can be completely by nearly three
Pyramid is contained, and the triangular pyramid so obtained perimeter of section corresponding with part is closest, and the most each cross section amount of swelling is minimum,
Extraction triangular pyramid tube section curve sees Figure 10.
(6) process section is increased:
According to technique needs, Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe two ends is suitably lengthened, i.e. increase work when swelling in big termination
Skill flanging section and welding striking section, increase shape transition section at small end head and receive segmental arc with welding.
2, blank size determines
The Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe prefabricated component optimizing design is launched for demarcation line with weld seam, then increases on weld seam both sides suitable
When amount of lap, give over to line cutting weld seam cutting surplus, after shaping line cutting weld seam weld seam can be made straight, butt-joint clearance is little,
Advantageously ensure that welding quality, blank size see Fig. 2.
3, critical process is implemented
Preform:
Using preform mould that Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe is forged into the performing member close with part shape, after preform, part is sent out
Raw bending and torsion, it is possible to put in essence shaping dies to swell, irrigate paraffin, during preform in pipe in pipe before preform
Produce intrinsic pressure, prevent tube wall wrinkling.After upper and lower mould matched moulds, the flared block 4 of employing level heads into Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe big end type hole
In, large port portion to be expanded tapered, when shaping for swelling, flanging is used.The structure of preform mould as shown in figures 11a and 11b, is wrapped
Including preform mould base 1, one end of preform mould base 1 is provided with tip-lever support 3, tip-lever support 3 is provided with horizontal direction preformation
Shape mould push rod 2, preform mould push rod 2 connection enlarging type block 4, flared block 4 is positioned on type block guide rail 9, preform mould base 1
The other end is disposed with preform mould cope match-plate pattern 5, upper mold 6 and lower mold 7, preform mould cope match-plate pattern 5, upper mold 6 and from top to bottom
Lower mold 7 is arranged in preform mould framed 8.
Swell shaping:
Use more than the single shaft four-column hydraulic press of 100 tons, lathe must band lower push rod, use the moon splitting around point lobe
Mould, facilitates part to load and unload, and uses flexible polyurethane formpiston to shape, soft formpiston is made the shape of performing member, and big end reserves 20mm
The feeding of left and right and pumping mode length, insert soft formpiston in part tube chamber before shaping, extract soft formpiston after shaping out.Swell finishing die
Structure as shown in figures 12 a and 12b, including the finishing die base 10 that swells, the finishing die base 10 that swells is provided with the finishing die that swells
Framed 11 and guide pillar 21, it is provided with right half former 12 and left half former 18, right half former 12 and a left side in the finishing die that swells framed 11
Set gradually top board 19 bottom half former 18 and swell finishing die push rod 20, right half former 12 and left half former 18 upper end arrange pressure
Flange 13, blank holder 13 upper end is provided with on stage clip 17 and pressure head 14, stage clip 17 and pressure head 14 and arranges stage clip frame 15 and swell into
Shape mould cope match-plate pattern 16.
Thin plate plate is prefabricated into Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe and carries out the intrinsic pressure shaping that swells by the present invention, and preform structure is simple, easily makes
Make, make the connecting arc radius minimum circular arc radial design by part correspondence corner of prefabricated component triangular-section, reduce swollen
Limit fillet during big shaping limits, it is ensured that the shape need of part.Meanwhile, by corresponding perimeter of section approximately equal principle,
The length of side of prefabricated component section triangle is optimized design, reduces bulk, reduce risk of rupture, use and irrigate in pipe
The method of paraffin carries out preform, it is therefore prevented that tube wall is wrinkling.Prefabricated component is bent close to part shape by the method using forging and stamping,
Enable to load bulging in the mould that swells smoothly.During preform, part large port portion is expanded tapered, swell when shaping at big end
Oral area installs interior blank holder additional, solves the soft formpiston crush injury problem to large port portion, uses flexible polyurethane formpiston to shape, keeps away
Having exempted from the seal request that liquid medium internal high pressure forming is complicated, technique is simple, and forming efficiency is high.
Owing to novel aero-turbine guide vane is hollow blade, its internal air coolant tube size is little, shape
Complicated, to shape difficulty big, manufacturing process is improper to be easy to generation and ruptures, it is impossible to shape qualified parts.The present invention is directed to this
Situation, it is proposed that a kind of manufacture triangular-section, the process of large section ratio air coolant tube, solves novel aero-engine
One technical barrier of manufacture view, it is ensured that the manufacture claim of novel aero-engine, has great showing to national defense construction
Sincere justice.The shaping qualification rate making air coolant tube is greatly improved, and the air coolant tube quantity needed for separate unit electromotor is big, height used
Temperature alloy material price is high, and the raising of qualification rate can be greatly reduced production cost, enough produces the biggest economy for batch production capacity
Benefit.
Claims (10)
1. the manufacturing process of a large section ratio triangular-section thin-walled twisted tube, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) to the plate longitudinally cutting weld seam of bending tailing edge, and longitudinal measure obtains Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe, the cross section of described Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe
Radius of corner is less than or equal to the radius of corner of fabricated part cross section taken in correspondence, and the weld seam of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe is at the middle separated time of solder side
On, using straight weld, the big termination of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe increases technology hold-down section when swelling and welding striking section, increases at small end head
Add shape transition section and segmental arc is received in welding；
2) using preform mould that Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe forges into the performing member close with fabricated part shape, performing member produces curved
Song and torsion, and make the large port portion of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe expand tapered；
3) swell after annealing performing member shaping, and the finishing die that swells uses former and formpiston, formpiston and performing member
Shape is identical, and is goed deep into by formpiston in the tube chamber of performing member before the shaping that swells, die sinking excision two ends process section after the shaping that swells, i.e.
Obtain fabricated part.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 1 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 1) in two the trapezoidal splicings being shaped as common hypotenuse of plate, and two trapezoidal edges hypotenuses altogether are symmetrical, and this is the most tiltedly
While be the middle bending line of plate.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 2 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 1) in the two ends of plate trapezoidal on be respectively equipped with folding line, folding line sets weld seam line of cut, weld seam the most respectively
Line of cut the most outwards increases the cutting surplus of cutting weld seam.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 3 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 1) in plate cutting weld seam is used line cutting.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 1 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 2) in preform mould upper and lower mould matched moulds after, the flared block of employing level heads into the big end type of Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe
In hole, large port portion is expanded tapered.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 5 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 2) in Rhizoma Sparganii Taper Pipe, irrigate paraffin before preform.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 1 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 3) in swell shaping time install interior blank holder additional in the large port portion of performing member.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 7 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 3) in formpiston use flexible polyurethane formpiston.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 8 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 3) in former use and split around split-type.
The manufacturing process of a kind of large section ratio triangular-section the most according to claim 9 thin-walled twisted tube, its feature exists
In, described step 3) in the finishing die that swells driven by the single shaft four-column hydraulic press more than 100 tons.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107617683A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-01-23 | 郜宇航 | A kind of thermos cup shaping dies and its forming technology |
| CN109664021A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-23 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of method for laser welding in thin-wall curve narrow face |
| CN110560507A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-13 | 大连理工大学 | Forming method of large-diameter special-shaped section thin-wall pipe fitting |
| CN113500353A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-15 | 浙江东南网架股份有限公司 | Novel node manufacturing method for multi-pipe intersection of isosceles triangular section |
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| CN110560507B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-01-26 | 大连理工大学 | Forming method of large-diameter special-shaped section thin-wall pipe fitting |
| CN113500353A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-15 | 浙江东南网架股份有限公司 | Novel node manufacturing method for multi-pipe intersection of isosceles triangular section |
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| CN106140868B (en) | 2018-04-03 |
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Address after: Weiyang Xu Jia Wan 710021 Shaanxi city of Xi'an Province Patentee after: AECC AVIATION POWER CO., LTD. Address before: Weiyang Xu Jia Wan 710021 Shaanxi city of Xi'an Province Patentee before: AVIC AVIATION ENGINE CORPORATION PLC |