CN106133945A - 蓄电装置 - Google Patents
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- CN106133945A CN106133945A CN201580015457.2A CN201580015457A CN106133945A CN 106133945 A CN106133945 A CN 106133945A CN 201580015457 A CN201580015457 A CN 201580015457A CN 106133945 A CN106133945 A CN 106133945A
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Abstract
电池组具有:多个具有圆筒形的电池外壳的单电池;连接构件(12),其将单电池彼此连接起来。在电池壳体的底面部(30b)设置有多个在单电池的内部压力达到规定压力时开口的气体排出部(32),气体排出部(32)彼此分开。在底面部(30b),连接构件(12)接合于被各气体排出部(32)夹在中间的非开口部(34)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种将多个蓄电单元彼此连接起来而成的蓄电装置。
背景技术
公知一种蓄电单元,该蓄电单元具有气体排出部(安全阀),该气体排出部在因由内部短路等引起的发热导致蓄电单元的内部压力上升的情况下,为了防止单元外壳的破裂等,在内部压力达到规定压力时开口。例如,在专利文献1中,公开了在外壳底面部设置有气体排出部的金属制电池外壳。采用该金属制电池外壳,在电池的内部压力达到规定压力时,在外壳底面部形成较大的开口。
但是,在将多个蓄电单元彼此连接起来构成蓄电装置(例如、电池组)的情况下,连接构件安装于单元外壳的底面部。在如专利文献1所公开的那样的以往的蓄电单元中,连接构件焊接于气体排出部。
专利文献1:(日本)特开平10-92397号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在将连接构件焊接于气体排出部的情况下,存在由于经由连接构件传递到蓄电单元的振动、外部压力等导致气体排出部开口的问题。例如,在用于测量连接构件的焊接强度的拉伸强度试验中,气体排出部有时会开口。此外,在单元内部压力上升并达到规定压力的情况下,需要使单元外壳的底面部较大程度地开口从而能够顺畅地进行气体排出。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明的蓄电装置具有:多个具有圆筒形的单元外壳的蓄电单元;连接构件,其将蓄电单元彼此连接起来。该蓄电装置的特征在于,在单元外壳的底面部设置有多个在蓄电单元的内部压力达到规定压力时开口的气体排出部,气体排出部彼此分开,在单元外壳的底面部,连接构件接合于被各气体排出部夹在中间的非开口部。
发明的效果
采用本发明的蓄电装置,即使在经由连接构件对单元外壳的底面部施加了力的情况下,也能够防止底面部开口。此外,在本发明的蓄电装置中,在蓄电单元的内部压力上升并达到了规定压力的情况下,单元外壳的底面部以较大程度开口,从而能够顺畅地排出气体。
附图说明
图1是表示作为本发明的实施方式的一例的电池组的图。
图2是图1的II-II剖视图。
图3是作为本发明的实施方式的一例的电池组的仰视图。
图4是作为本发明的实施方式的另一例的电池组的仰视图。
图5是作为本发明的实施方式的又一例的电池组的仰视图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图,详细说明本发明的实施方式的一例。
在实施方式中所参照的附图是示意性记载的附图,附图中所描绘的结构要素的尺寸比例等有时与实物不同。具体的尺寸比例等应该参考以下的说明来判断。
在实施方式中,作为蓄电单元,例示出具有多个单电池11的电池组10,但是蓄电装置并不限于此。蓄电单元例如也可以是电容器。以下,对于单电池11而言,将封口体22侧设为上,将外壳主体30的底面部30b侧设为下。
参照图1~图3,详细说明作为实施方式的一例的电池组10。
图1是示意性地表示电池组10的图,图2是图1的II-II剖视图。
如图1和图2所示,电池组10具有多个单电池11和将单电池11彼此连接起来的连接构件12。单电池11具有圆筒形的电池外壳21。详细情况如后述那样,电池外壳21的盖27是单电池11的正极端子,电池外壳21的外壳主体30是单电池11的负极端子。
在图1所示的例子中,多个单电池11以使底面部30b朝向相同方向的方式配置成列,连接构件12将彼此相邻的两个单电池11中的一个单电池11的盖27和另一个单电池11的底面部30b连接起来。连接构件12例如是细长的金属板,沿着上下方向延伸且上下端部附近分别向彼此相反的一侧弯折。
在电池组10中,单电池11的个数、配置,连接构件12的形状、连接形式等并未特别限定,但无论在何种情况下,连接构件12都接合于电池外壳21(外壳主体30)的底面部30b。在本实施方式中,说明了将连接构件12焊接于底面部30b的情况,但是连接构件12的接合方法并不限于焊接,例如也可以使用焊锡进行接合。
如图2所示,单电池11具有电极体13、电解质(未图示)以及对它们进行收纳的电池外壳21。电极体13具有将正极14和负极15隔着分隔件16卷绕而成的卷绕型结构。电极体13具有安装于正极14的正极引线17和安装于负极15的负极引线18。
优选的是,单电池11在电极体13的上方具有绝缘板19,在电极体13的下方具有绝缘板20。即,电极体13被两个绝缘板从上下夹在中间。正极引线17穿过绝缘板19的贯通孔向后述的封口体22侧延伸。负极引线18穿过绝缘板20的贯通孔向外壳主体30的底面部30b侧延伸。
正极14例如由金属箔等正极集电体和形成在正极集电体上的正极活性物质层构成。正极集电体能够使用在铝等在正极14的电位范围内稳定的金属的箔、将该金属配置于表层的膜等。正极集电体例如具有长条状的片形状,并且在其正反两面形成有正极活性物质层。优选的是,正极活性物质层除了包含正极活性物质以外,还包含导电材料和粘结材料。正极活性物质例如是含锂复合氧化物。
负极15例如具有金属箔等负极集电体和形成在负极集电体上的负极活性物质层。负极集电体能够使用铜、SUS等在负极15的电位范围内稳定的金属的箔、将该金属配置于表层的膜等。负极集电体例如具有长条状的片形状,并且在其正反两面形成有负极活性物质层。优选的是,负极活性物质层除了包含负极活性物质以外,还包含粘结剂。此外,根据需要也可以包含导电材料。负极活性物质例如是石墨。
电解质例如为包含非水溶剂和溶解于非水溶剂的锂盐等电解质盐的非水电解质。非水电解质不限定于液体电解质,也可以为使用了凝胶状聚合物等的固体电解质。非水溶剂例如可以使用酯类、醚类、乙腈等腈类、二甲基甲酰胺等酰胺类及上述溶剂中的两种以上的溶剂的混合溶剂等。非水溶剂也可以含有使这些溶剂的氢被氟等卤素原子取代而得到的卤素取代物。
电池外壳21是用于收纳电极体13和电解质的圆筒形的金属制容器。电池外壳21具有如下构造:具备有底圆筒状的外壳主体30,并且利用封口体22封闭外壳主体30的开口部。在本实施方式中,负极引线18通过焊接等与外壳主体30的底面部30b的内表面相连接,从而外壳主体30成为负极端子。正极引线17通过焊接等与封口体22的过滤器23的下表面相连接,从而与过滤器23电连接的封口体22的盖27成为正极端子。在封口体22和外壳主体30之间配置有密封垫28。
优选的是,封口体22是将多个部件重叠起来而构成的。在本实施方式中,从下向上依次重叠过滤器23、下阀体24、绝缘板25、上阀体26以及盖27而构成封口体22。构成封口体22的各部件例如具有圆盘形状或者环形状。在下阀体24和上阀体26上形成有在电池的内部压力上升时会发生断裂的薄壁部(未图示)。如上所述,过滤器23是与正极引线17相连接的部件,具有贯通孔23h。盖27是设置于封口体22的最上部(最外部)的部件,作为正极端子发挥作用。在盖27上形成有排气孔27h。
构成封口体22的各部件(除了绝缘板25以外)彼此电连接。具体而言,过滤器23和下阀体24的各自的周缘部彼此接合在一起,上阀体26和盖27的各自的周缘部也彼此接合在一起。另一方面,下阀体24和上阀体26的各自的中央部彼此接触,在各周缘部之间夹设有绝缘板25。例如,下阀体24的中央部附近向上阀体26侧鼓出且与上阀体26的下表面相接触。优选的是,各阀体的接触部分通过焊接等而接合在一起。
优选的是,外壳主体30具有用于承载封口体22的支承部31。支承部31形成于外壳主体30的上部,具有使外壳主体30的内表面的一部分向内侧突出而成的形状,利用突出的部分的上表面支承封口体22。优选的是,支承部31沿着外壳主体30的圆周方向形成为环状,例如通过从外侧对外壳主体30的侧面部进行冲压而形成。
在本实施方式中,当单电池11的内部压力上升时,下阀体24在薄壁部处断裂,由此,上阀体26向盖27侧鼓出并自下阀体24分开,从而两者之间的电连接被切断。而且,在内部压力上升了的情况下,上阀体26在薄壁部处断裂,使得在电池内部产生的气体经由盖27的排气孔27h向外部排出。
以下,进一步参照图3,详细说明电池外壳21的底面部30b的构造和连接构件12相对于底面部30b的连接状态。图3是电池组10的仰视图,表示焊接有连接构件12的底面部30b的外表面。
如图3所示,在电池外壳21(外壳主体30)的底面部30b设置有多个彼此分开的气体排出部32,该气体排出部32在单电池11的内部压力达到了规定压力时开口。在单电池11的内部压力上升时,在利用封口体22的安全阀机构排出气体的同时,气体也从底面部30b的气体排出部32排出。气体排出部32可以设置四个以上,但优选为两个或者三个。
在外壳主体30的底面部30b形成有例如环状的槽33,被槽33包围的部分成为气体排出部32。气体排出部32虽然也能够由仰视观察呈C字状的槽形成,但是从提高内部压力上升时的断裂性等的观点出发,优选整周都被环状的槽33所包围。槽33例如是从底面部30b的外表面侧形成的刻印,在外表面形成凹部,在内表面形成凸部(参照图2)。在图3所示的例子中,设置有两个仰视观察呈半圆形状的气体排出部32。各气体排出部32彼此具有相同形状、相同尺寸。
优选的是,各气体排出部32以避开底面部30b(外表面)的中心且相对于经过该中心的直线线对称或者相对于该中心旋转对称的方式配置。特别是,优选以相对于该中心旋转对称的方式配置。在图3所示的例子中,以半圆形状的直线部分彼此隔开规定间隔且大致平行的方式配置两个气体排出部32,底面部30b的形状相对于该中心具有二重对称性(日文:2回対称性)。多个气体排出部32均等地配置在底面部30b的中心的四周,从而防止例如从底面部30b的单侧排出气体而使电极体13移动导致开口部封闭。
对于形成气体排出部32的槽33而言,优选的是,距离焊接部35较远的部分(圆弧形状部分)的深度大于距离连接构件12的焊接部35较近的部分(在本实施方式中为直线部)的深度。由此,能够在提升连接构件12的焊接时的耐久性的同时,能够使气体排出部32顺畅地开口从而提高气体排出性能。
气体排出部32的面积(即,气体排出部32开口时的开口面积)合计相对于底面部30b的面积优选为20%~60%,更加优选为25%~50%。各气体排出部32的面积优选为7%~30%,更加优选为8%~25%。如果气体排出部32的面积在该范围内,那么能够在不损害通常使用时的底面部30b的强度的情况下使得单电池11的内部压力上升时的气体的排出性良好。
在外壳主体30的底面部30b,连接构件12焊接于被各气体排出部32夹在中间的非开口部34。非开口部34是底面部30b中的在单电池11的内部压力达到了上述规定压力时不开口的部分,并且是被各气体排出部32所夹在中间的部分。通过将连接构件12焊接于非开口部34,即使在经由连接构件12对底面部30b施加了力的情况下,气体排出部32也不会发生断裂,能够防止底面部30b开口。
优选的是,连接构件12焊接于底面部30b的中心。连接构件12例如点焊于底面部30b,并且在底面部30b的中心及其周缘形成焊接部35。虽然底面部30b的位于比气体排出部32靠底面部30b的外侧的周缘部也是在上述规定压力下不开口的部分,但是从确保生产效率、焊接强度等观点出发,不将周缘部作为连接构件12的焊接位置。
优选的是,连接构件12所焊接于的非开口部34的宽度形成得比连接构件12的宽度宽。在图3所示的例子中,在两个气体排出部32之间设置有带状的非开口部34。该带状的非开口部34在中途未形成有槽33,其长度方向两端与底面部30b的周缘部相连。即,非开口部34的长度方向两端与周缘部相连而被固定,因此不易弯曲,即使拉拽连接构件12的力等施加于非开口部34,也能够防止底面部30b沿着槽33发生断裂。非开口部34的宽度在长度方向的整个长度上恒定,且比连接构件12的宽度宽。
优选的是,连接构件12在底面部30b上以不覆盖在气体排出部32上的方式配置。在图3所示的例子中,使用与非开口部34相比宽度较窄的连接构件12,并且以使连接构件12沿着非开口部34的长度方向且不从超出非开口部34的范围的方式配置连接构件12。由此,在气体排出部32开口时,开口部不被连接构件12覆盖,能够顺畅地进行气体排出。
采用具有上述结构的电池组10,即使在用于测量连接构件的焊接强度的拉伸强度试验等经由连接构件12对外壳主体30的底面部30b施加力的情况下,也能够防止底面部30b开口。而且,在单电池11的内部压力上升时,底面部30b较大程度地开口,从而顺畅地排出气体。
此外,上述实施方式能够在不损害本发明的目的的范围内进行适当的设计变更。
图4和图5表示设计变更的一例(变形例)。
在图4所示的例子中,利用朝向底面部30b的外侧凸出的两个圆弧状的槽33,设计出仰视观察呈新月形状的气体排出部32。与上述实施方式一样,气体排出部32彼此具有相同形状、相同寸法,并且以相对于底面部30b的中心呈旋转对称的方式配置有两个。在图4所示的例子中,连接构件12所焊接于的带状的非开口部34以越靠近长度方向中央部宽度越宽的方式形成。因此,具有容易形成焊接部35这样的优点。此外,也可以与非开口部34的变宽相应地,使连接构件12的顶端部在不超出非开口部34的范围的范围内变大。
在图5所示的例子中,设置有三个仰视观察呈椭圆形状的气体排出部32。与上述实施方式一样,各气体排出部32彼此具有相同形状、相同尺寸,并且以相对于底面部30b的中心呈旋转对称(具有三重对称性(日文:3回対称性))的方式配置。在图5所示的例子中,在被三个气体排出部32夹在中间的区域形成有仰视观察呈Y字形状(三叉形状)的非开口部34。即,该Y字形状的非开口部34在三处位置没有隔着气体排出部32地与底面部30b的周缘部相连。因此,与上述实施方式的情况相比,非开口部34更不易弯曲,例如即使用力拉拽连接构件12,底面部30b也不会断裂。
在上述实施方式和变形例中,虽然气体排出部32是通过被槽33包围而形成的,但是,例如气体排出部32也可以由与底面部30b的气体排出部32以外的部分(例如、非开口部34)相比,壁厚较薄的薄壁部形成。
产业上的可利用性
本发明能够应用于蓄电装置。
附图标记说明
10 电池组
11 单电池
12 连接构件
13 电极体
14 正极
15 负极
16 分隔件
17 正极引线
18 负极引线
19、20、25 绝缘板
21 电池外壳
22 封口体
23 过滤器
23h 贯通孔
24 下阀体
26 上阀体
27 盖
27h 排气孔
28 密封垫
30 外壳主体
30b 底面部
31 支承部
32 气体排出部
33 槽
34 非开口部
35 焊接部
Claims (4)
1.一种蓄电装置,其具有:
多个具有圆筒形的单元外壳的蓄电单元;
连接构件,其将所述蓄电单元彼此连接起来,
该蓄电装置的特征在于,
在所述单元外壳的底面部设置有多个在所述蓄电单元的内部压力达到规定压力时开口的气体排出部,所述气体排出部彼此分开,
在所述单元外壳的底面部,所述连接构件接合于被各个所述气体排出部夹在中间的非开口部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蓄电装置,其中,
所述气体排出部以相对于经过所述单元外壳的底面部的中心的直线呈线对称或者相对于中心呈旋转对称的方式配置有两个或者三个,
所述连接构件接合于所述单元外壳的底面部的中心。
3.根据权利要求2所述的蓄电装置,其中,
被各个所述气体排出部夹在中间的所述非开口部的宽度形成得比所述连接构件的宽度宽,
所述连接构件以不覆盖在所述气体排出部上的方式配置。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的蓄电装置,其中,
在所述单元外壳的底面部形成有环状的槽,
被该槽所包围的部分成为所述气体排出部。
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JP6509856B2 (ja) | 2019-05-08 |
US20170047566A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
WO2016009586A1 (ja) | 2016-01-21 |
JPWO2016009586A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
CN106133945B (zh) | 2019-12-17 |
US10256444B2 (en) | 2019-04-09 |
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