CN106128516B - A kind of thorium base fuel component and small-sized presurized water reactor - Google Patents
A kind of thorium base fuel component and small-sized presurized water reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106128516B CN106128516B CN201610557308.5A CN201610557308A CN106128516B CN 106128516 B CN106128516 B CN 106128516B CN 201610557308 A CN201610557308 A CN 201610557308A CN 106128516 B CN106128516 B CN 106128516B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
- G21C3/58—Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
- G21C3/60—Metallic fuel; Intermetallic dispersions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/14—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator characterised by shape
- G21C5/16—Shape of its constituent parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of thorium base fuel component and small-sized presurized water reactor, fuel core body is with thorium oxide（ThO2）Based on, uniformly mixing235The UO that U abundance is about 20%2Fuel or239The PuO that Pu abundance is about 18%2Fuel.Fuel rod uses tight lattice arrangement, and fuel rod is spaced about 1.0mm, is arranged by square or triangular lattice, recycles assembly housing to form square or hexagonal fuel assembly.Reactor uses periodical duty, i.e., per some days of Power operation, shutdown more than about 30 days.Fuel assembly proposed by the present invention and small-sized presurized water reactor, there is stronger reactive control ability and higher reactor core transfer capability, so as to obtain the longer refulling cycle, significantly improve neutron economy and security.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear reactor technology field, and in particular to a kind of thorium base fuel component and small-sized presurized water reactor.
Background technology
Small-sized presurized water reactor has outstanding advantages of simplified system, flexible operation, and its purposes is very extensive, such as：Outlyingly
Area and marine power supply, low-temperature heat supply, desalinization and other hot coproduction of purposes water power etc..In order to improve economy and market competition
Power, its refulling cycle need to reach 5 ~ 10 years, and are reloaded mode using monoblock type, 12 ~ 18 months used with nuclear power plant batch
Bigger difference be present in secondary reload.
At present, small-sized pressurized water reactor core design mainly arranges quantity by increasing burnable poison loading amount and control rod, or adopts
Boric acid mode is added in cooling agent with nuclear power plant, to improve reactor core reactivity control ability, to increase length of the cycle.These are arranged
Applying can cause core loading conceptual design to complicate, and the reactor reloading pattern cycle does not reach far also 5 ~ 10 years, impairs simultaneously
The economy and security advantages of small-sized presurized water reactor.Therefore, it is highly desirable to be directed to small-sized pressurized water reactor core operation characteristic, that is, transports
Row power is indefinite, frequent shutdown etc., proposes new reactor core assembly and design method, is ensureing that its system is simplified, flexible operation
Under conditions of advantage, its refulling cycle is set to reach 5 ~ 10 years, so as to improve its economy and the market competitiveness.
The content of the invention
Reach the thorium base fuel component of 5 ~ 10 years it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of refulling cycle, to solve existing reactor core
Not the problem of refulling cycle does not reach 5 ~ 10 years.
Moreover, it relates to the small-sized presurized water reactor being made up of thorium base fuel component.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention solves the above problems：A kind of thorium base fuel component, including some fuel rods,
Guide pipe, the fuel core body of the fuel rod is thorium base fuel core body.
Existing small-sized pressurized water reactor core design mainly arranges quantity by increasing burnable poison loading amount and control rod, or adopts
Boric acid mode is added in cooling agent with nuclear power plant, to improve reactor core reactivity control ability, to increase length of the cycle.These are arranged
Applying can cause core loading conceptual design to complicate, and the reactor reloading pattern cycle does not reach far also 5 ~ 10 years, impairs simultaneously
The economy and security advantages of small-sized presurized water reactor；Thorium base fuel core body of the present invention specifically refers to one kind with thorium anhydride
Based on fuel core body, can be obtained with neutron bombardment thorium233U.The present invention makes full use of232Th can harden reactor core neutron energy spectrum
Neutronics characteristic, realize lower reactor core initial reactivity, more gentle reactivity is with burnup change curve, so as to have
Stronger reactive control ability, adds length of the cycle, and then extends the reactor reloading pattern cycle.
Further, thorium base fuel core body mixes using thorium anhydride as matrix in thorium anhydride matrix235U abundance is
20% UO2Fuel or239Pu abundance is 18% PuO2Fuel.
Further, the external diameter of guide pipe and the external diameter of fuel rod are identical.
Preferably, it is about 9.1mm the external diameter of fuel rod to be set, using matching somebody with somebody for large scale fuel rod and thorium base fuel core body
Close, reactor core neutron energy spectrum can be made significantly to harden, conversion capability is substantially improved.
Further, the spacing between adjacent guide pipe, fuel rod and between adjacent 2 fuel rods is 1.0mm.
I.e. thorium base fuel component is arranged using tight lattice, and then improves the thorium base fuel component in small-sized presurized water reactor
Quantity, reactor core neutron energy spectrum can not only be further set significantly to harden, conversion capability is substantially improved, and can improve the combustion of thorium base
Expect the reactive control ability of component, increase length of the cycle, extend the reactor reloading pattern cycle.
Further, fuel rod, guide pipe are evenly distributed according to square grid, form square fuel assembly, periphery
There is square shaped module box.
Further, fuel rod, guide pipe are evenly distributed according to triangular lattice, form regular hexagon fuel assembly, outside
It is with regular hexagon assembly housing.
A kind of small-sized presurized water reactor formed such as above-mentioned thorium base fuel component, including some square fuel assemblies or positive hexagonal
Shape fuel assembly.
Further, small-sized presurized water reactor is adopted using control rod control reactor core excess reactivity and its loss compensation, reactor
With cycling service pattern.
Reactor uses periodical duty, i.e., per some days of Power operation, shutdown more than about 30 days.The present invention proposes
Fuel assembly and small-sized presurized water reactor, there is stronger reactive control ability and higher reactor core transfer capability, so as to obtain
The longer refulling cycle, neutron economy and security are significantly improved, cycling service, ensure that heap in-core232During Th absorbs
Caused by son233Pa, can fully decay production233U, reduce235U wear rate, reactor core length of the cycle is set further to prolong
It is long.In summary, can significantly be extended using the small-sized presurized water reactor of thorium base fuel tight lattice fuel assembly, refulling cycle, from
And significantly improve its economy.
To sum up, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, compared with conventional fuel component and its corresponding small-sized presurized water reactor, because the fuel core body of the present invention is fired using thorium base
Material, takes full advantage of232Th neutronics characteristic, realizes lower initial reactivity, and more gentle reactivity becomes with burnup
Change curve, so as to have stronger reactive control ability.
2nd, small-sized presurized water reactor involved in the present invention uses periodical duty, ensure that heap in-core232Th absorbs neutron
It is caused233Pa, can fully decay production233U, reduce235U wear rate, reactor core length of the cycle is set further to extend.
3rd, the present invention makes reactor core neutron energy spectrum significantly hard using large scale fuel rod, tight lattice arrangement and thorium base fuel
Change, conversion capability is substantially improved.
4th, compared with conventional fuel component and its corresponding small-sized presurized water reactor, the present invention can significantly improve fuel just loading amount,
With meet long circulating core loading for235The requirement of the first loading amounts of U.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is square tight lattice thorium base fuel component diagram；
Fig. 2 is the small-sized presurized water reactor schematic diagram of square；
Fig. 3 is hexagon tight lattice thorium base fuel component diagram；
Fig. 4 is the small-sized presurized water reactor schematic diagram of hexagon.
The title of mark and corresponding parts in accompanying drawing：
1- fuel rods, 2- guide pipes, 3- square shaped module boxes, 4- square shaped modules, 5- hexagonal assemblies.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, make detailed description further to invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not
It is limited to this.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of thorium base fuel component, contain 232 shell thickness be 0.5mm, the combustion that external diameter is 9.1mm
1,57 external diameters of charge bar are 9.1mm guide pipe 2, and fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are spaced, and the spacing of consecutive fuel rod 1 is
1.0mm, consecutive fuel rod 1, the spacing of guide pipe 2 are 1.0mm, and fuel assembly opposite side distance is 172.7mm, is mixed in fuel pellet
Enter235U abundance is 20% UO2Fuel, UO2Fuel and ThO2The ratio of fuel is 1:1,235U percentage compositions are 8.8%,232Th contains
Measure as 43.9%, fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are evenly distributed according to square grid, form square fuel assembly 4, are with outside just
Square assemblies box 3.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of small-sized presurized water reactor, is constructed as shown in Figure 2 using the square fuel assembly 4 shown in Fig. 1
Reactor core, 57 box fuel assemblies are arranged altogether, fuel assembly centre-to-centre spacing is 174mm, and equivalent diameter 1482mm, active region is highly
1600mm, using control rod control reactor core excess reactivity and its loss compensation, reactor uses periodically to be transported small-sized presurized water reactor
Row mode.
In the case of reactor core thermal power rating is 250MW, fuel rod mean linear power density density be 11.8kW/m, and body is averaged work(
Rate density is 90.5MW/m3, using cycling service pattern, interval Shutdown time is 30 days, and the phase in burnup longevity can reach 1500
Equivalent full power day, refulling cycle are about 7 years.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, as shown in figure 1, a kind of thorium base fuel component, containing 232 shell thickness is
The guide pipe 2 that 0.5mm, 1,57 external diameters of fuel rod that external diameter is 9.0 mm are 9.0mm, fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are spaced,
The spacing of consecutive fuel rod 1 is 1.0mm, and consecutive fuel rod 1, the spacing of guide pipe 2 are 1.0mm, and fuel assembly opposite side distance is
172.7mm, mixed in fuel pellet239Pu abundance is 18% PuO2Fuel, PuO2Fuel and ThO2The ratio of fuel is 1:1
, 239Pu percentages total content is 8.8%,232Th contents are 43.9%, and fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are evenly distributed according to square grid,
Square fuel assembly 4 is formed, is with square shaped module box 3 outside.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of small-sized presurized water reactor, is constructed as shown in Figure 2 using the square fuel assembly 4 shown in Fig. 1
Reactor core, 57 box fuel assemblies are arranged altogether, fuel assembly centre-to-centre spacing is 174mm, and equivalent diameter 1482mm, active region is highly
1600mm, using control rod control reactor core excess reactivity and its loss compensation, reactor uses periodically to be transported small-sized presurized water reactor
Row mode.
In the case of reactor core thermal power rating is 250MW, fuel rod mean linear power density density be 11.8kW/m, and body is averaged work(
Rate density is 90.5MW/m3, and using cycling service pattern, interval Shutdown time is 30 days, and the phase in burnup longevity can reach 1500
Equivalent full power day, refulling cycle are about 7 years.
Embodiment 3：
As shown in figure 3, a kind of thorium base fuel component, contain 270 shell thickness be 0.5mm, the combustion that external diameter is 9.1mm
1,61 external diameters of charge bar are 9.1mm guide pipe 2, and fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are spaced, and the spacing of consecutive fuel rod 1 is
1.0mm, consecutive fuel rod 1, the spacing of guide pipe 2 are 1.0mm, and fuel assembly opposite side distance is 186mm, is mixed in fuel pellet
235U abundance is 20% UO2Fuel, UO2Fuel and ThO2The ratio of fuel is 1:1,235U percentage compositions are 8.8%,232Th contents
For 43.9%, fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are evenly distributed according to triangular lattice, form regular hexagon fuel assembly 5, are with outside just
Hexagonal assembly box.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of small-sized presurized water reactor, is constructed such as Fig. 4 institutes using the positive regular hexagon fuel assembly 5 shown in Fig. 3
The reactor core shown, arranges 55 box fuel assemblies altogether, and fuel assembly centre-to-centre spacing is 188mm, equivalent diameter 1464mm, and active region is high
Spend and the cycle is used using control rod control reactor core excess reactivity and its loss compensation, reactor for 1600mm, small-sized presurized water reactor
Property operational mode.
In the case of reactor core thermal power rating is 250MW, fuel rod mean linear power density density be 10.5kW/m, and body is averaged work(
Rate density is 92.8MW/m3, using cycling service pattern, interval Shutdown time is 30 days, and the phase in burnup longevity can reach 1600
Equivalent full power day, refulling cycle are about 7.5 years.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment is based on embodiment 3, as shown in figure 3, a kind of thorium base fuel component, containing 270 shell thickness is
The guide pipe 2 that 0.5mm, 1,61 external diameters of fuel rod that external diameter is 9.0mm are 9.0 mm, fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are spaced,
The spacing of consecutive fuel rod 1 is 1.0mm, and consecutive fuel rod 1, the spacing of guide pipe 2 are 1.0mm, and fuel assembly opposite side distance is
186mm, mixed in fuel pellet239Pu abundance is 18% PuO2Fuel, PuO2Fuel and ThO2The ratio of fuel is 1:1,239Pu percentages total content is 8.8%,232Th contents are 43.9%, and fuel rod 1, guide pipe 2 are evenly distributed according to triangular lattice, structure
Into regular hexagon fuel assembly 5, regular hexagon assembly housing is with outside.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of small-sized presurized water reactor, is constructed such as Fig. 4 institutes using the positive regular hexagon fuel assembly 5 shown in Fig. 3
The reactor core shown, arranges 55 box fuel assemblies altogether, and fuel assembly centre-to-centre spacing is 188mm, equivalent diameter 1464mm, and active region is high
Spend and the cycle is used using control rod control reactor core excess reactivity and its loss compensation, reactor for 1600mm, small-sized presurized water reactor
Property operational mode.
In the case of reactor core thermal power rating is 250MW, fuel rod mean linear power density density be 10.5kW/m, and body is averaged work(
Rate density is 92.8MW/m3, using cycling service pattern, interval Shutdown time is 30 days, and the phase in burnup longevity can reach 1600
Equivalent full power day, refulling cycle are about 7.5 years.
As described above, it can preferably realize the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of thorium base fuel component, including some fuel rods (1), guide pipe (2), it is characterised in that the fuel rod (1)
Fuel core body is thorium base fuel core body；The thorium base fuel core body is mixed using thorium anhydride as matrix in thorium anhydride matrix
Enter239Pu abundance is 18% PuO2Fuel；The external diameter of the guide pipe (2) is identical with the external diameter of fuel rod (1)；Adjacent guiding
The spacing managed between (2), fuel rod (1) and between adjacent 2 fuel rods (1) is 1.0mm.
2. a kind of thorium base fuel component according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fuel rod (1), guide pipe (2)
It is evenly distributed according to square grid, square fuel assembly (4) is formed, is with square shaped module box (3) outside.
3. a kind of thorium base fuel component according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fuel rod (1), guide pipe (2)
It is evenly distributed according to triangular lattice, regular hexagon fuel assembly (5) is formed, is with regular hexagon assembly housing outside.
A kind of 4. small-sized presurized water reactor being made up of any one of the claim 1-3 thorium base fuel components, it is characterised in that including
Some square fuel assemblies (4) or regular hexagon fuel assembly (5).
5. a kind of small-sized presurized water reactor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that small-sized presurized water reactor is using control rod control heap
Core excess reactivity and its loss compensation, reactor use cycling service pattern.
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| CN201610557308.5A CN106128516B (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2016-07-15 | A kind of thorium base fuel component and small-sized presurized water reactor |
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| CN106128516B true CN106128516B (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110111913B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2022-02-11 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Test reactor core and method for measuring neutron fluence rate of hexagonal sleeve type fuel reactor core |
| CN111063460A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-24 | 南华大学 | Method for prolonging core life of pressurized water reactor |
| CN114242272B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2024-01-30 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Small-sized nuclear power supply is with not reloading reactor core |
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| US3859165A (en) * | 1970-07-29 | 1975-01-07 | Atomic Energy Commission | Epithermal to intermediate spectrum pressurized heavy water breeder reactor |
| US4493809A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1985-01-15 | Ga Technologies Inc. | Uranium thorium hydride nuclear fuel |
| CN103165206A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-19 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Preparation method of thorium-uranium mixed oxide ceramic microspheres |
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| CN104446478A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Method for preparing thorium dioxide pellets |
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2016
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3859165A (en) * | 1970-07-29 | 1975-01-07 | Atomic Energy Commission | Epithermal to intermediate spectrum pressurized heavy water breeder reactor |
| US4493809A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1985-01-15 | Ga Technologies Inc. | Uranium thorium hydride nuclear fuel |
| CN103165206A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-19 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Preparation method of thorium-uranium mixed oxide ceramic microspheres |
| CN103943161A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-23 | 加拿大原子能有限公司 | Heterogeneous Core Designs And Thorium Based Fuels For Heavy Water Reactors |
| CN104446478A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Method for preparing thorium dioxide pellets |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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