CN106128268B - Simulation device and method for actual ore body excavation - Google Patents
Simulation device and method for actual ore body excavation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106128268B CN106128268B CN201610708799.9A CN201610708799A CN106128268B CN 106128268 B CN106128268 B CN 106128268B CN 201610708799 A CN201610708799 A CN 201610708799A CN 106128268 B CN106128268 B CN 106128268B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a simulation device and a method for actual ore body excavation, wherein the device comprises a model box, an ore body simulation box and a transmission system, the model box is a cubic box body with an opening on the upper surface and five closed surfaces, the size of the model box is reduced according to the actual ore region, the lower end of one side vertical surface is provided with a rectangular hole for drawing out the ore body simulation box body, the bottom of the model box is provided with a beam ore body simulation box with a fixed steering pulley, the beam ore body simulation box comprises a top layer box body and a lower layer box body, the lower layer box body is horizontally stacked in the model box, and the top layer box body is placed above the lower layer box body; the transmission system comprises a first electric winch, a second electric winch, a fixed support and a thread buckle, the first electric winch and the second electric winch are fixed on the fixed support, and the thread buckle is installed in a threaded hole in a side panel of the box body of the ore body simulation box. The method is adopted to carry out the experimental study of the deep mining model of the iron ore, and discloses the deformation process of the surrounding rock of the mining area at different mining rates in the sublevel caving mining process without the sill pillar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining engineering, mine rock mass mechanics and geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a simulation device and method for actual ore body excavation.
Background
When some experts and scholars at home and abroad study some problems of engineering geology, such as elastoplasticity and final destruction stage in an engineering geomechanical model, influence law of earthquake on slope instability destruction, research on construction response experiment of underground small-bore pipelines, research on landslide mechanism, research on a sill pillar-free sublevel caving method and the like, a model test is an effective research method. Under laboratory conditions, expert scholars have achieved great results in engineering geology by using miniaturized (and in special cases also enlarged) models to study phenomena. The experimental method is characterized in that a large geomechanical model test system is developed according to the stress evolution law and deformation characteristics of surrounding rocks of a deep thick-top coal roadway researched by Li Shu, the system consists of a counterforce device, a flexible uniformly-distributed pressure loading device, a digital intelligent hydraulic control system and a high-precision multi-element real-time monitoring system, and the excavation of the roadway in the experiment is mainly carried out in a manual drilling mode; liliping develops a telescopic long shovel to carry out gradual excavation so as to research the gradual damage process of the weak and broken surrounding rock of the tunnel with the ultra-large section; the method comprises the steps that a strong courage is conducted, a deep tunnel of a coal mine collected in a Dingnan mining area is used as an engineering background, a forming process of regional fracture of a surrounding rock of the deep tunnel is reproduced through a three-dimensional geomechanical model test of similar materials, excavation of the model tunnel is conducted in a full-section manual drilling mode, and a wave-shaped change rule that strain and displacement inside the surrounding rock of the tunnel are distributed at intervals of wave crests and wave troughs is obtained; a deep roadway surrounding rock deformation destruction mode of the Zhang hong chapter research simulates the excavation of a roadway during underground mining of a mine, and a steel plate ruler and a self-made excavation tool are adopted by a model to slowly excavate the roadway; in a model test of a highway tunnel under-passing double-layer goaf excavation process, a manual excavation mode is adopted, and a certain disturbance is applied in the excavation process to simulate blasting excavation disturbance action; in a single-kernel bright research rock roadway tunneling quasi-straight-hole cut blasting model test, certain main cut blast holes are arranged, and the distance between orifices, the row distance of the blast holes and the inclination angle of the main cut blast holes are controlled to simulate the excavation process in the actual roadway tunneling process; in the model test research of the destruction mode of surrounding rock of a beautiful and round cavern, a quartz sand material is adopted as a subject material of the cavern, and the excavation deformation process of the actual cavern is simulated by controlling the outflow of the quartz sand material; yuanpu blasting excavation in a blasting excavation model test research of an anchoring support deep roadway, blasting excavation is carried out for 2 times, electric detonators with certain dosage are blasted and excavated each time, the electric detonators are arranged according to a shot hole layout, and a model roadway is drilled and excavated in advance before blasting excavation so as to control the blasting funnel range; the Monsanto is combined with an ore removal mode of small shovel ore removal to simulate the body form discharged by a non-pillar sublevel caving method; the Liuxixia takes the small Wang ditch iron ore as an example, the optimization scheme of open-pit to underground mining is researched, and the ore drawing mode selects the ore drawing mode of an ore drawing opening; the Zhang Ning adopts similar materials of iron ore to simulate mines, reproduces the whole process of open-pit mining and non-pillar sublevel caving method according to geometric similar proportion, and selects a mode of slowly and uniformly drilling and crushing building blocks by an artificial drilling machine in a ore removal mode.
Aiming at the excavation mode in the model test, the modes of manual drilling (a steel plate ruler, a self-made excavation tool and the like), cut blasting, open hole ore drawing and the like mainly exist. The methods have the problems of large manual disturbance, uncertain excavation or ore removal boundaries, insufficient power and the like.
Scholars at home and abroad design related model test devices for mine surface-to-underground mining, and model test research is carried out on the mining process of the sill pillar-free sublevel caving method, but the problems of large artificial disturbance, uncertain excavation or ore removal boundaries, insufficient power and the like exist in the excavation or mining mode in the model test, and the transmission device for the ore body mining or cavern excavation simulation test can effectively solve the problems. No literature has been developed on such transmissions. Therefore, the same research results as the patent are not found by searching for new products.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simulation device and a simulation method for actual ore body excavation.
A simulation device for actual ore body excavation comprises a model box, an ore body simulation box and a transmission system;
the model box is a cubic box body with an opening on the upper surface and closed by five surfaces after the size of an actual mining area is reduced, the lower end of a vertical surface on one side is provided with a rectangular hole for drawing out the box body of the ore body simulation box, and the bottom of the model box is provided with a beam for fixing a steering pulley;
the ore body simulation box comprises a plurality of top layer box bodies and a plurality of lower layer box bodies, wherein the lower layer box bodies are horizontally stacked in the model box, and the top layer box bodies are placed above the lower layer box bodies;
the top surface layer box body is an iron box which is formed by an upper panel and four side panels, wherein the five sides of the iron box are closed, one side of the iron box is provided with an opening, the inner side of the upper panel of the top surface layer box body is welded with two safety hooks, and one side panel of the top surface layer box body is provided with two threaded holes;
each lower-layer box body is a drawer-shaped iron box which is composed of an upper panel and three side panels and is provided with two openings on two sides, the upper panel of each lower-layer box body is provided with two U-shaped open slots matched with the positions of the safety hooks on the upper panel of the top-layer box body, the side panel of one side of each lower-layer box body, which is opposite to the U-shaped open slots, is provided with two threaded holes, and the vertical positions of the two threaded holes of the side panel of the lower-layer box body are the same as the vertical positions of the two threaded holes of the side panel of the top-layer box body;
the transmission system comprises a first electric winch, a second electric winch, a fixed support and a thread buckle, the first electric winch and the second electric winch are fixed on the fixed support, and the thread buckle is installed in a threaded hole in a side panel of the box body of the ore body simulation box.
Optionally, the steel strand wires of the first electric capstan are connected with threads in the box threaded holes of the top surface layer of the ore body simulation box or threads in the side panel threaded holes of the lower layer of the box, the steel strand wires of the second electric capstan pass through the steering pulleys on the steel bottom plate of the ore body simulation box and pass through the round holes of the steel bottom plate of the model box and the U-shaped open grooves of the lower layer of the box of the ore body simulation box are connected with the safety lifting hook of the box of the top surface layer of the ore body simulation box, the horizontal position of the wire outlet of the first electric capstan is the same as the horizontal positions of the two threaded holes of the side panel of the lower layer of the box in the ore body simulation box, and the horizontal position of the wire outlet of the second electric capstan is the same as the undercut position of the steering pulleys of the steel bottom plate of the simulation box.
Optionally, balls are arranged at the contact positions of the two side panels of the lower-layer box body, which are not provided with the threaded holes, and the lower-layer box body is provided with a groove at the contact position.
Optionally, triangular rib plates are welded at the connecting part of the upper panel and the side panel of the top layer box body and the connecting part of the upper panel and the side panel of the lower layer box body.
Optionally, the model box is used for placing the ore body simulation boxes and the ore body similar materials with the sizes reduced according to the actual mining area inside, and simulating the deformation condition, the stress change condition and the seepage condition of the ore body similar materials in the sill-pillar-free sublevel caving mining process of the mining area by extracting the lower-layer box bodies of the ore body simulation boxes one by one;
the ore body simulation box is used for placing materials similar to ore bodies into a model box and simulating a sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining process in an ore area when the lower layer box bodies are extracted one by one;
and the transmission system is used for extracting the lower-layer box body in the ore body simulation box and extracting the lower-layer box body, and then the lower-layer box body above the lower-layer box body is dragged to fall downwards to the position of the extracted lower-layer box body.
The method for simulating the actual ore body excavation by adopting the simulation device for the actual ore body excavation comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the mining process, the ore body distribution range and the geological structure distribution of the mining area to be simulated;
step 2: determining a similar proportion according to field data, and determining the size of the ore body simulation box and the number of stacked layers of the lower-layer box body according to the similar proportion;
and step 3: determining parameters of the ore body similar material according to the geological conditions of the mining area, the mining method and the model similarity ratio, wherein the parameters of the ore body similar material comprise the density, the elastic modulus, the uniaxial compressive strength, the internal friction angle and the cohesive force of the ore body similar material;
and 4, step 4: piling up ore body simulation boxes and ore body similar materials according to a generalized geological model of a mining area;
and 5: drawing out a lower-layer box body in the ore body simulation box from a rectangular hole formed in the lower end of the model box through a steel strand of a second electric winch;
step 6: recording the deformation condition, the stress change condition and the seepage condition of the ore body similar material, if the extracted upper box body of the lower box body can automatically fall, executing a step 8, otherwise, executing a step 7;
and 7: the steel strand of the first electric winch drags the lower box body above the first electric winch to fall downwards to the position of the extracted lower box body;
and 8: and (5) repeating the step (4) to the step (7), monitoring and recording the mining process of the ore body, and finishing the excavation of the ore body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a simulation device and a simulation method for actual ore body excavation, which are used for carrying out iron ore deep mining model test research and can disclose the process of deformation of surrounding rocks in an ore area at different mining rates in the non-pillar sublevel caving mining process; and (4) making control of key areas according to the conclusion, and providing reasonable control measures in the mining process to avoid personal casualties and property loss caused by deep mines.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation apparatus for actual ore body excavation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 10-model box, 11-rectangular hole, 30-transmission system;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional effect diagram of a mineral simulation cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 21-a top layer box body and 22-a lower layer box body;
FIG. 3 is a bottom and rear view of the top level box of the present invention;
wherein, (a) is the bottom view of the top surface layer box body, and (b) is the back view of the top surface layer box body;
21-top surface layer box body, 211-safety hook, 212-top surface layer box body threaded hole and 213-top surface layer box body triangular rib plate;
FIG. 4 is a bottom and rear view of the lower housing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, (a) is the bottom view of the lower box body, and (b) is the rear view of the lower box body;
22-a lower layer box body, 221-a U-shaped open slot, 222-a threaded hole of a top surface layer box body, and 223-a triangular rib plate of the top surface layer box body;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional effect of the lower housing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 224-ball, 225-groove;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional effect of the mounting bracket according to the embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 33-fixed support;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram and a three-dimensional effect of the connection of the first electric winch of the transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
the three-dimensional effect drawing of the first electric winch of the transmission system is shown in the drawing;
21-top layer box body, 22-lower layer box body, 31-first electric winch, 33-fixing support, 34-thread buckle, 311-steel strand of first electric winch, 222-
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram and a three-dimensional effect of the connection of a second electric winch of the transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
the connection mode of the second electric winch of the transmission system is shown in the drawing, (a) and (b) are three-dimensional effect diagrams of the second electric winch of the transmission system;
21-a top surface layer box body, 22-a lower layer box body, 211-a safety hook, 12-a diverting pulley, 13-a cross beam, 32-a second electric winch, 33-a fixed support and 321-a steel strand of the second electric winch;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a simulation method of actual ore body excavation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a stacking ore body simulation box and ore body-like material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
A simulation device for actual ore body excavation is shown in figure 1 and comprises a model box 10, an ore body simulation box 20 and a transmission system 30.
The model box 10 is a cubic box body with an opening on the upper surface closed by five surfaces after the size of an actual mining area is reduced, the lower end of one side vertical surface is provided with a rectangular hole 11 for drawing out the box body of the ore body simulation box, and the bottom of the model box 10 is provided with a beam 13 for fixing a steering pulley 12.
The model box 10 is used for placing the ore body simulation box 20 and the ore body similar material which are reduced in size according to the actual mining area inside, and simulating the deformation condition, the stress change condition and the seepage condition of the ore body similar material in the sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining process of the mining area by extracting the lower box bodies 22 of the ore body simulation box one by one.
The ore body simulation box 20, as shown in fig. 2, includes a plurality of top layer boxes 21 and a plurality of lower layer boxes 22, the lower layer boxes 22 are horizontally stacked in the model box 10, and the top layer boxes 21 are placed above the lower layer boxes 22.
And the ore body simulation box 20 is used for placing materials similar to ore bodies in the model box 10 and simulating the sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining process in the mining area when the lower box bodies 22 are extracted one by one.
As shown in fig. 3, the top surface layer box body 21 is a five-sided closed iron box with one open side, which is composed of an upper panel and four side panels, two safety hooks 211 are welded on the inner side of the upper panel of the top surface layer box body, two threaded holes 212 are arranged on the side panel of one side of the top surface layer box body 21, and a triangular rib plate 213 is welded at the connection position of the upper panel and the side panel of the top surface layer box body.
As shown in fig. 4, there are a plurality of lower-layer boxes 22, each lower-layer box 22 is a drawer-shaped iron box with two open sides, which is composed of an upper panel and three side panels, the upper panel of the lower-layer box 22 is provided with two U-shaped open slots 221 matched with the positions of the upper panel safety hooks 211 of the top-surface-layer box 21, one side panel of the lower-layer box 22 opposite to the U-shaped open slots 221 is provided with two threaded holes 222, the two threaded holes 222 of the side panel of the lower-layer box are the same as the vertical positions of the two threaded holes 212 of the side panel of the top-surface-layer box, and a triangular rib plate 223 is welded at the connection position of the upper panel and the side panel of the lower-layer box 22.
As shown in fig. 5, balls 224 are disposed at the contact portions of the two side panels of the lower case 22, which are not provided with the threaded holes, and the lower case, and grooves 225 are disposed at the contact portions of the lower case 22 and the lower case.
As shown in fig. 6, the transmission system 30 is used for extracting the lower box 22 in the ore body simulation box, and dragging the lower box 22 above the lower box 22 to fall to the position of the extracted lower box after the lower box 22 is extracted.
The transmission system 30 comprises a first electric winch 31, a second electric winch 32, a fixed support 33 and a threaded buckle 34, wherein the first electric winch and the second electric winch are fixed on the fixed support 33, and the threaded buckle is installed on a top layer box body threaded hole 212 or a lower layer box body threaded hole 222 of the box body of the ore body simulation box 20.
As shown in fig. 7, the steel strand 311 of the first electric winch 31 is connected to the screw thread 34 in the screw hole 212 of the top layer box 21 of the ore body simulation box or the screw thread 34 in the screw hole 222 of the side panel of the lower layer box 22, the horizontal position of the outlet of the first electric winch 31 is the same as the horizontal positions of the two screw holes 222 of the side panel of the lower layer box 22 in the ore body simulation box, at this time, the first electric winch 31 is opened to generate horizontal force, the lower layer box 22 can be pulled out under the action of the horizontal force, and the box of the ore body simulation box 20 on the first electric winch can fall under the action of gravity, so that a space with the same size as the pulled box is generated at the upper part of the ore body simulation box 20, and the simulation of the sill-pillar-free sublevel caving mining process is realized.
As shown in fig. 8, in order to prevent the possibility that the upper ore body simulation box 20 cannot fall under its own weight due to the friction force generated by the similar material of the surrounding ore body after the lower part of the ore body simulation box 20 is pulled out, the steel strand 321 of the second electric winch 32 passes through the U-shaped open slot 221 of the bottom panel of the model box 10 and the lower box of the ore body simulation box through the diverting pulley 12 on the bottom panel of the model box 10 to be connected with the safety hook 211 of the top layer box of the ore body simulation box, and the horizontal position of the outlet of the second electric winch 32 is the same as the lower tangent position of the diverting pulley 12 on the bottom panel of the model box 10, so that the horizontal force of the second electric winch 32 can be converted into the vertical force.
The method for simulating actual ore body excavation by using the simulation device for actual ore body excavation, as shown in fig. 9, comprises the following steps:
step 1: and determining the mining process, the ore body distribution range and the geological structure distribution of the mining area to be simulated.
In the embodiment, the open stope of a certain mining area is surrounded by mountains in the north, east and south, the elevation of the mountains is 386m, the west side is the inter-mountain flat land, and the average elevation is 93 m. The elevation of the bottom of the open pit is-183 m, the length of the upper opening of the stope is 1410m, and the width is 570-710 m.
And determining the mining depth to be-500 m according to the geological conditions of the mining area and the mining method. And determining to adopt a sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining method according to occurrence characteristics of the ore body. The construction parameters of the sectional height of 18m and the access distance of 20m are adopted, and a vertical shaft and main ramp combined development mode is adopted. The thickness of the deep ore below-183 m is between 20m and 194m, and the average thickness is 120 m.
Step 2: and determining a similar proportion according to the field data, and determining the size of the ore body simulation box and the number of stacked layers of the lower-layer box body according to the similar proportion.
In the present embodiment, the first side vertical surface is vertically provided in the middle of the base, and a two-dimensional model is formed for the experiment, and the dimensions thereof are length × width × height: 4000mm × 1000mm × 3500mm, determining model similarity ratio including geometric similarity ratio and capacity similarity ratio according to geological conditions of mining area, mining method and size of model box, wherein the determined geometric similarity ratio is 200: 1. the volume-weight similarity ratio is 1. Determining the size of the ore body simulation box and the number of stacking layers of the lower-layer box body according to the model similarity ratio: the size of each layer of simulation box body is length multiplied by width multiplied by height: 800X 1000X 90mm, 18 layers total, 15 of which were used to simulate excavation.
And step 3: and determining parameters of the ore body similar material according to the geological conditions of the mining area, the mining method and the model similarity ratio, wherein the parameters of the ore body similar material comprise the density, the elastic modulus, the uniaxial compressive strength, the internal friction angle and the cohesion of the ore body similar material.
And 4, step 4: and piling up the ore body simulation box and the ore body similar material according to the generalized geological model of the mining area.
In this embodiment, the stacking ore body simulation box and the ore body similar material are as shown in fig. 10.
And 5: and pulling out the lower-layer box body in the ore body simulation box from a rectangular hole arranged at the lower end of the model box through the steel strand of the second electric winch.
Step 6: and (4) recording the deformation condition, the stress change condition and the seepage condition of the ore body similar material, executing the step 8 if the extracted upper box body of the lower box body can automatically fall, and otherwise, executing the step 7.
In this embodiment, the stress strain, the apparent displacement and the falling speed of the accumulated water at the bottom of the pit of the material similar to the ore body are monitored by using the technologies such as a digital camera, a distributed optical fiber/micro inclinometer, three-dimensional laser scanning and array type displacement meter (SAA).
And 7: and the steel strand of the first electric winch drags the lower-layer box body above the first electric winch to fall downwards to the position of the extracted lower-layer box body.
And 8: and (5) repeating the step (4) to the step (7), monitoring and recording the mining process of the ore body, and finishing the excavation of the ore body.
In the whole mining process, the ore body simulation box is gradually pulled by the transmission system to simulate the ore body excavation process, the deformation information of the roadway is obtained, and the deformation rule in the ore body mining process is revealed.
Claims (4)
1. A simulation device for actual ore body excavation is characterized by comprising a model box, an ore body simulation box and a transmission system;
the model box is a cubic box body with an opening on the upper surface and closed by five surfaces after the size of an actual mining area is reduced, the lower end of a vertical surface on one side is provided with a rectangular hole for drawing out the box body of the ore body simulation box, and the bottom of the model box is provided with a beam for fixing a steering pulley;
the ore body simulation box comprises a plurality of top layer box bodies and a plurality of lower layer box bodies, wherein the lower layer box bodies are horizontally stacked in the model box, and the top layer box bodies are placed above the lower layer box bodies;
the top surface layer box body is an iron box which is formed by an upper panel and four side panels, wherein the five sides of the iron box are closed, one side of the iron box is provided with an opening, the inner side of the upper panel of the top surface layer box body is welded with two safety hooks, and one side panel of the top surface layer box body is provided with two threaded holes;
each lower-layer box body is a drawer-shaped iron box which is composed of an upper panel and three side panels and is provided with two openings on two sides, the upper panel of each lower-layer box body is provided with two U-shaped open slots matched with the positions of the safety hooks on the upper panel of the top-layer box body, the side panel of one side of each lower-layer box body, which is opposite to the U-shaped open slots, is provided with two threaded holes, and the vertical positions of the two threaded holes of the side panel of the lower-layer box body are the same as the vertical positions of the two threaded holes of the side panel of the top-layer box body;
the transmission system comprises a first electric winch, a second electric winch, a fixed support and a threaded buckle, the first electric winch and the second electric winch are fixed on the fixed support, and the threaded buckle is installed in a threaded hole in a side panel of the box body of the ore body simulation box;
the steel strand of the first electric winch is connected with a thread buckle in a threaded hole of a top surface layer box body of the ore body simulation box or a thread buckle in a threaded hole of a side panel of a lower layer box body, the steel strand of the second electric winch passes through a steering pulley on a steel bottom plate of the ore body simulation box and passes through a round hole of the steel bottom plate of the model box and a U-shaped open slot of the lower layer box body of the ore body simulation box to be connected with a safety hook of the top surface layer box body of the ore body simulation box, the horizontal position of a wire outlet of the first electric winch is the same as the horizontal positions of two threaded holes of the side panel of the lower layer box body in the ore body simulation box, and the horizontal position of a wire outlet of the second electric winch is the same as the lower tangent position of the steering pulley of the steel bottom plate of the simulation box;
the two side panels of the lower layer box body, which are not provided with the threaded holes, are provided with balls at the contact positions with the lower box body, and the contact positions of the lower layer box body and the lower box body are provided with grooves.
2. The simulation device for actual ore body excavation according to claim 1, wherein triangular rib plates are welded at the connection part of the upper panel and the side panel of the top layer box body and the connection part of the upper panel and the side panel of the lower layer box body.
3. The simulation apparatus for actual ore body excavation according to claim 1, wherein the model box is configured to place therein the ore body simulation boxes and the ore body-like materials, which are reduced in size according to the actual ore region, and simulate deformation, stress variation and seepage of the ore body-like materials in the sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining process of the ore region by extracting the lower-layer boxes of the ore body simulation boxes one by one;
the ore body simulation box is used for placing materials similar to ore bodies into a model box and simulating a sill pillar-free sublevel caving mining process in an ore area when the lower layer box bodies are extracted one by one;
and the transmission system is used for extracting the lower-layer box body in the ore body simulation box and extracting the lower-layer box body, and then the lower-layer box body above the lower-layer box body is dragged to fall downwards to the position of the extracted lower-layer box body.
4. A method of simulating actual ore body excavation using the apparatus for simulating actual ore body excavation according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1: determining the mining process, the ore body distribution range and the geological structure distribution of the mining area to be simulated;
step 2: determining a similar proportion according to field data, and determining the size of the ore body simulation box and the number of stacked layers of the lower-layer box body according to the similar proportion;
and step 3: determining parameters of the ore body similar material according to the geological conditions of the mining area, the mining method and the model similarity ratio, wherein the parameters of the ore body similar material comprise the density, the elastic modulus, the uniaxial compressive strength, the internal friction angle and the cohesive force of the ore body similar material;
and 4, step 4: piling up ore body simulation boxes and ore body similar materials according to a generalized geological model of a mining area;
and 5: drawing out a lower-layer box body in the ore body simulation box from a rectangular hole formed in the lower end of the model box through a steel strand of a second electric winch;
step 6: recording the deformation condition, the stress change condition and the seepage condition of the ore body similar material, if the extracted upper box body of the lower box body can automatically fall, executing a step 8, otherwise, executing a step 7;
and 7: the steel strand of the first electric winch drags the lower box body above the first electric winch to fall downwards to the position of the extracted lower box body;
and 8: and (5) repeating the step (4) to the step (7), monitoring and recording the mining process of the ore body, and finishing the excavation of the ore body.
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| CN108074469A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-05-25 | 北京科技大学 | The laboratory apparatus and experimental method of inclined middle thick, the thick ore body of Caving Method with Large Space back production |
| CN111537299B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2023-05-02 | 湘潭大学 | Rock stratum micro-disturbance continuous excavation method related to similar physical model |
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