CN106120340A - 一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料 - Google Patents
一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料，由下列重量份的原料制备制成：氮化硼纳米片5‑6、十八胺7‑8、无水乙醇适量、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2.5‑3、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.8‑1、过硫酸铵0.5‑0.55、丙烯酸20‑22、丙烯酸乙酯50‑53、甲基丙烯酸甲酯28‑30、螺环磷酰咪唑酯7‑8、磷酸0.5‑0.6、纯水适量、羟基氟硅油1‑1.2、有机硅乳液6‑7、渗透剂JFC2‑2.5、纳米氧化锌4‑5、聚乙烯醇2‑3。用本发明制成的产品处理棉布，不仅防腐性能优异，而且阻燃、抗菌、耐水性、无异味，工艺便于工业控制，值得推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料。
背景技术
棉布具有穿着柔软舒适、保暖、吸湿、透气性强、易于染整加工等特点，由于它的这些天然特性，早已被人们所喜爱，成为生活中不可缺少的基本用品。棉布是人们日常生活中的必需品，它在人们的穿着服用、床上用品、室内用品、室内装饰 等方面有着广泛的用途，另外在包装、工业、医疗、军事等方面也有广泛的应用。但是棉布不耐酸、弹性不足，容易起皱，易发霉变质，棉布制成成衣后往往会遇到防腐的问题，这就需要多棉布进行防腐处理，但时传统的防腐剂不仅影响棉麻的化学特性，同时还影响到成衣制品的自然性，并具有严重的异味。在专利文献《一种用于棉麻防腐的环保型添加剂》中，利用杜仲、百里香、介子等成分制成的添加剂用于棉麻的制作中，虽然解决了防腐添加剂的异味、环保等问答题，但是由于是采用植物的有效成分，经过多次水洗后必定会对防腐效果大打折扣。针对这种问题，就需要研制一种处理棉布的防腐液，不仅具有安全的防腐性能，同时能够抗菌、抗皱等。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料，由下列重量份的原料制备制成：氮化硼纳米片5-6、十八胺7-8、无水乙醇适量、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2.5-3、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.8-1、过硫酸铵0.5-0.55、丙烯酸20-22、丙烯酸乙酯50-53、甲基丙烯酸甲酯28-30、螺环磷酰咪唑酯7-8、磷酸0.5-0.6、纯水适量、羟基氟硅油1-1.2、有机硅乳液6-7、渗透剂JFC2-2.5、纳米氧化锌4-5、聚乙烯醇2-3。
所述一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料，由以下具体步骤制成：
（1）将氮化硼纳米片在80-90℃下真空干燥3-4小时后与十八胺混合，在氮气保护下，170-180℃的油浴下搅拌处理2-3小时，然后加入反应物2-2.5倍量的无水乙醇，搅拌均匀后超声处理30-40分钟，继续加热至80-90℃，蒸发掉无水乙醇，继续加热至170-180℃，搅拌反应24小时后冷却至室温，过滤分离出固体颗粒，用无水乙醇冲洗2-3次，最后放入真空烘箱中，在80-90℃下干燥至恒重，得到表面改性氮化硼；
（2）将十二烷基苯磺酸钠与烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚混合均匀，分成两份，其中一份溶于10-12倍量的纯水中，搅拌均匀后与步骤（1）制成的改性氮化硼混合，搅拌30-40分钟形成分散液待用；另一份与丙烯酸、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯混合，以150-200转/分的速度搅拌20-30分钟后加入上述分散液，继续搅拌10-15分钟后缓慢滴加过硫酸铵，滴加结束后加热至80-85℃并恒温反应90-120分钟，降温至室温，调节pH至中性，得到纳米氮化硼改性聚丙烯酸浆料；
（3）将聚乙烯醇中加入20-30倍量的纯水，加热至90-100℃，搅拌至完全溶解，然后加入螺环磷酰咪唑酯、磷酸，以150-200转/分的速度搅拌15-20分钟后加入步骤（2）得到的纳米氮化硼改性聚丙烯酸浆料，继续搅拌60-90分钟后，加入其余剩余成分，提速至300-400转/分搅拌10-12分钟即得。
本发明的优点是：本发明通过一系列的工艺将氮化硼纳米片进行表面改性添加到聚丙烯酸浆料的制备中，改善了氮化硼纳米片在聚丙烯酸浆料中的分散性，提高了氮化硼纳米片与浆料的相容性，提高了浆料的高温稳定性、耐腐蚀性，能够减少热再粘现象；良好的润滑性能，有利于保护浆膜的完整性，并且有助于增加浆膜的强韧性；利用本发明防腐浆料处理后的棉布不仅具有良好的耐腐蚀性能，同时布料手感好，耐水性。
本发明还在制备过程中添加了螺环磷酰咪唑酯、磷酸，协同作用，能够在处理棉布表面受热时膨胀成炭， 形成保护层，阻止热量向内传递，降低材料的热分解速度，减少可燃性物质的释放，从而达到阻燃目的；添加纳米氧化锌与有机硅乳液复配作用，可明显提高浆料的抗菌、耐洗等多种性能；用本发明制成的产品处理棉布，不仅防腐性能优异，而且阻燃、抗菌、耐水性、无异味，工艺便于工业控制，值得推广。
具体实施方式
一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料，由下列重量份（公斤）的原料制备制成：氮化硼纳米片5、十八胺7、无水乙醇适量、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2.5、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.8、过硫酸铵0.5、丙烯酸20、丙烯酸乙酯50、甲基丙烯酸甲酯28、螺环磷酰咪唑酯7、磷酸0.5、纯水适量、羟基氟硅油1、有机硅乳液6、渗透剂JFC2、纳米氧化锌4、聚乙烯醇2。
所述一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料，由以下具体步骤制成：
（1）将氮化硼纳米片在80℃下真空干燥3小时后与十八胺混合，在氮气保护下，170℃的油浴下搅拌处理2小时，然后加入反应物2倍量的无水乙醇，搅拌均匀后超声处理30分钟，继续加热至80℃，蒸发掉无水乙醇，继续加热至170℃，搅拌反应24小时后冷却至室温，过滤分离出固体颗粒，用无水乙醇冲洗2次，最后放入真空烘箱中，在80℃下干燥至恒重，得到表面改性氮化硼；
（2）将十二烷基苯磺酸钠与烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚混合均匀，分成两份，其中一份溶于10倍量的纯水中，搅拌均匀后与步骤（1）制成的改性氮化硼混合，搅拌30分钟形成分散液待用；另一份与丙烯酸、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯混合，以150转/分的速度搅拌20分钟后加入上述分散液，继续搅拌10分钟后缓慢滴加过硫酸铵，滴加结束后加热至80℃并恒温反应90分钟，降温至室温，调节pH至中性，得到纳米氮化硼改性聚丙烯酸浆料；
（3）将聚乙烯醇中加入20倍量的纯水，加热至90℃，搅拌至完全溶解，然后加入螺环磷酰咪唑酯、磷酸，以150转/分的速度搅拌15分钟后加入步骤（2）得到的纳米氮化硼改性聚丙烯酸浆料，继续搅拌60分钟后，加入其余剩余成分，提速至300转/分搅拌10分钟即得。
利用本发明产品对棉布进行处理，采用二浸二轧（轧余率 80％）、烘干的方式，经测量处理后的棉布干/湿态折皱回复角均有所提升，手感柔软，断裂强力保留率经向为83.8%，纬向为84.1%，撕裂强力保留率经向为86.2%，纬向为88.4%，明显优于未处理的棉布。
Claims (2)
1.一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制备制成：氮化硼纳米片5-6、十八胺7-8、无水乙醇适量、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2.5-3、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.8-1、过硫酸铵0.5-0.55、丙烯酸20-22、丙烯酸乙酯50-53、甲基丙烯酸甲酯28-30、螺环磷酰咪唑酯7-8、磷酸0.5-0.6、纯水适量、羟基氟硅油1-1.2、有机硅乳液6-7、渗透剂JFC2-2.5、纳米氧化锌4-5、聚乙烯醇2-3。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种阻燃抗菌的含纳米氮化硼的棉布防腐浆料，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制成：
（1）将氮化硼纳米片在80-90℃下真空干燥3-4小时后与十八胺混合，在氮气保护下，170-180℃的油浴下搅拌处理2-3小时，然后加入反应物2-2.5倍量的无水乙醇，搅拌均匀后超声处理30-40分钟，继续加热至80-90℃，蒸发掉无水乙醇，继续加热至170-180℃，搅拌反应24小时后冷却至室温，过滤分离出固体颗粒，用无水乙醇冲洗2-3次，最后放入真空烘箱中，在80-90℃下干燥至恒重，得到表面改性氮化硼；
（2）将十二烷基苯磺酸钠与烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚混合均匀，分成两份，其中一份溶于10-12倍量的纯水中，搅拌均匀后与步骤（1）制成的改性氮化硼混合，搅拌30-40分钟形成分散液待用；另一份与丙烯酸、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯混合，以150-200转/分的速度搅拌20-30分钟后加入上述分散液，继续搅拌10-15分钟后缓慢滴加过硫酸铵，滴加结束后加热至80-85℃并恒温反应90-120分钟，降温至室温，调节pH至中性，得到纳米氮化硼改性聚丙烯酸浆料；
（3）将聚乙烯醇中加入20-30倍量的纯水，加热至90-100℃，搅拌至完全溶解，然后加入螺环磷酰咪唑酯、磷酸，以150-200转/分的速度搅拌15-20分钟后加入步骤（2）得到的纳米氮化硼改性聚丙烯酸浆料，继续搅拌60-90分钟后，加入其余剩余成分，提速至300-400转/分搅拌10-12分钟即得。
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