CN106119883B - A kind of coupled hydrogen making system and its control method - Google Patents

A kind of coupled hydrogen making system and its control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106119883B
CN106119883B CN201610459166.9A CN201610459166A CN106119883B CN 106119883 B CN106119883 B CN 106119883B CN 201610459166 A CN201610459166 A CN 201610459166A CN 106119883 B CN106119883 B CN 106119883B
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hydrogen
unit
power generation
wind
switch
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CN106119883A (en
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张存满
吕洪
周伟
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01Products
    • C25B1/02Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02Process control or regulation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of coupled hydrogen making system and its control method, belongs to field of new energy technologies.The system includes control unit, and it is all connected with control unit and sequentially connected generator unit, energy management unit, Hydrogen Unit and gas storing and supplementing unit between each other, to detect all working parameter of generator unit and Hydrogen Unit by control unit and be analyzed, the action of energy management unit and gas storing and supplementing unit is controlled.The hydrogen that Hydrogen Unit generates, which enters in gas storing and supplementing unit, to be stored, and control unit control gas storing and supplementing unit mends hydrogen to Hydrogen Unit is counter in the case of necessary.The control method includes three kinds of operational modes:Only powered by wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;Alternating current is independently-powered;And alternating current, wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus are powered simultaneously.The present invention can solve hydrogen purity problem of the commercialization hydrogen producer under the intermittent Power Supplies Condition of wide power swing, at low cost, high safety, stability height.

Description

A kind of coupled hydrogen making system and its control method
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of new energy technologies, are related to a kind of hydrogen producing technology, especially a kind of coupled hydrogen making technology.
Background technology
Hydrogen easily burns as a kind of energy carrier, has the features such as efficient, pollution-free, can replace to a certain extent It, newly can field for hydrogen cell automobile, spare base station power, cogeneration system etc. for traditional fossil energy.Meanwhile hydrogen It as a kind of industrial chemicals, and can be used for the traditional industries fields such as oil refining, chemical industry, synthesis ammonia, there is extremely wide purposes.
Currently, main hydrogen source mostlys come from fossil energy, including water-gas hydrogen manufacturing, hydrogen making by natural gas reformation, Preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol etc..In addition, water electrolysis hydrogen producing technology is also very ripe, but due to its electricity price cost relative to fossil energy hydrogen manufacturing at This height and fail to apply on a large scale;It, can be with if to carry out electrolysis water preparing hydrogen using clean energy resource such as wind, light power generation It realizes and is prepared into from hydrogen using zero carbon emission of overall process, this energy conversion can reduce atmosphere pollution with Land use systems, improve Air quality, while also solving the problems, such as that abandoning wind abandons light.But since wind energy and solar power generation have typical fluctuation Property, randomness and intermittence, cause electric energy output unstable, to not reached requirement to the hydrogen purity of electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, And the safety of hydrogen producer and stable use are caused great harm.
Application No. is 201010538149.7 Chinese patents to describe a kind of wind power hydrogen production regulation and control grid-connected system, mainly Utilization and hydrogen manufacturing post fuel cell power generation for grid connected wind power feed back to the control of power grid.Application No. is 201210057067.X Chinese patent describe a kind of non-grid connected wind power device for producing hydrogen, it is main using configuration large-capacity battery, as power-balance System solves the problems, such as energy fluctuation and intermittent.Although the above-mentioned prior art is using grid-connected or configuration large-capacity battery Method, solve the intermittent problem of power supply;But it is grid-connected needs just satisfy the requirements in large-scale wind field, configure accumulator by The restriction for storing electricity, can only maintain the power stability of a bit of time, if to configure the storage exactly matched with hydrogen manufacturing power Battery, cost are very expensive.
Therefore, versatile, it is at low cost, commercialization water electrolysis hydrogen production can be solved without using accumulator Hydrogen purity problem of the equipment under the intermittent Power Supplies Condition of wide power swing, and the hydrogen generating system that safety and stability is high With extremely strong research significance and application value.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydrogen producing technology, in a manner of low cost without using accumulator the case where Under, solve the problems, such as that hydrogen purity of the commercialization hydrogen producer under the intermittent Power Supplies Condition of wide power swing is low, and the mistake Journey safety and stability is high.
In order to achieve the above object, solution of the invention is:
A kind of coupled hydrogen making system, including control unit, and be all connected with described control unit and between each other successively Generator unit, energy management unit, Hydrogen Unit and the gas storing and supplementing unit of connection, to detect the hair by described control unit The all working parameter of electric unit and the Hydrogen Unit is simultaneously analyzed, and controls the energy management unit and the gas storage is mended The action of gas unit;The generator unit includes the different power generator of at least two energy source types;Energy management unit Including the switching part being connect with described control unit and rectifying part, described in the connection of the switching part Generator unit and the rectifying part are adjusted with being converted under the control of the control unit by the connection of the switching part The work matching relationship of the rectifying part, obtains the electric energy needed for hydrogen manufacturing;Described in the hydrogen that the Hydrogen Unit generates enters It is stored in gas storing and supplementing unit, described control unit controls the gas storing and supplementing unit in the case of necessary to the hydrogen manufacturing list First anti-benefit hydrogen.
The Hydrogen Unit is water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, including device for preparing hydrogen and hydrogen purification apparatus;The system Hydrogen production device includes electrolytic cell;The situation of described necessity refers to that the hydrogen content in the purification devices is less than the feelings of setting value Condition.
The generator unit includes wind power generation plant and/or photovoltaic power generation apparatus and/or alternating current and/or tide hair Electric installation.
The rectifying part includes AC/DC rectification modules, and/or DC/DC rectification modules, and/or voltage connection in series-parallel module, And/or rectifying conversion power module.
The generator unit includes alternating current, the first wind power generation plant, the second wind power generation plant and photovoltaic generation dress It sets;The alternating current connects the first rectifying conversion power module by the first AC/DC rectification modules, with by the first AC/DC rectification moulds Alternating current is converted to direct current by block, rectification and transformation is carried out by the first rectifying conversion power module later, to match the electrolysis The power requirement of slot;First wind power generation plant connects voltage connection in series-parallel module, the second wind-force by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules Power generator connects the voltage connection in series-parallel module by the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules, the voltage connection in series-parallel module connection the Two rectifying conversion power modules, with by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules respectively by the first wind-power electricity generation The output voltage of device and the second wind power generation plant is converted to DC voltage and filtering clutter, then by the voltage connection in series-parallel mould After block carries out connection in series-parallel combination, rectification and transformation are continued by the second rectifying conversion power module, to match the electrolytic cell Power requirement;The photovoltaic power generation apparatus connects third rectifying conversion module by DC/DC rectification modules, with whole by DC/DC Flow module carries out DC converting to the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus, is carried out later by third rectifying conversion power module Rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell.
Preferably, first switch, the first wind power generation plant and second are set between alternating current and the first AC/DC rectification modules Second switch is set between AC/DC rectification modules, third is set between the second wind power generation plant and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules The 4th switch is arranged in switch between photovoltaic power generation apparatus and DC/DC rectification modules.
Preferably, the first rectifying conversion power module and the second rectifying conversion power module pass through the 5th between the inputs Switch is connected in series with, and the second rectifying conversion power module and third rectifying conversion power module are opened by the 6th between the inputs Pass is connected in series with.
Preferably, the first rectifying conversion power module, the second rectifying conversion power module and third rectifying conversion power supply mould Block is connected in parallel in output end.
Preferably, the circuit of the first wind power generation plant to the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules is the first wind-power electricity generation circuit, the The circuit of two wind power generation plants to the 3rd AC/DC modules is the second power generation circuit;The voltage connection in series-parallel module includes from The anode of one wind-power electricity generation circuit is connected to the circuit of the anode of the second wind-power electricity generation circuit by the 7th switch, from the first wind-force The circuit that the cathode of circuit that generates electricity switchs the cathode for being connected to the second wind-power electricity generation circuit by the 8th, and sent out from the first wind-force Circuit node between electric line and the 7th switch by the 9th switch be connected to the second wind-power electricity generation circuit and second switch it Between circuit node circuit.
One output end of the voltage connection in series-parallel module is the electricity of circuit between the 7th switch and the second wind-power electricity generation circuit Road node, another output end are the circuit node of circuit between the 8th switch and the first wind-power electricity generation circuit.
Preferably, the 7th switch, the 8th switch, the 9th switch are insulated gate bipolar transistor.
Preferably, the 7th switch, the 8th switch, the 9th switch are connect with described control unit, with single in the control On or off under the control of member, the serial or parallel connection to control the first wind-power electricity generation circuit and the second wind-power electricity generation circuit connect It connects.
Alternatively, the generator unit includes alternating current, the first wind power generation plant, the second wind power generation plant and photovoltaic hair Electric installation;The alternating current connects the first rectifying conversion power module by the first AC/DC rectification modules, with whole by the first AC/DC Alternating current is converted to direct current by flow module, continues rectification and transformation by the first rectifying conversion power module later, with matching The power requirement of the electrolytic cell;First wind power generation plant connects the second rectifying conversion electricity by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules Source module, the output voltage of the first wind power generation plant is converted to direct current by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules, later by Two rectifying conversion power modules continue rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell;Second wind-power electricity generation Device connects third rectifying conversion power module by the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules, with by the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules by second The output voltage of wind power generation plant is converted to direct current, continues rectification and change by the second rectifying conversion power module later Pressure, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell;The photovoltaic power generation apparatus connects the 4th rectification by DC/DC rectification modules and becomes Power module is changed, to carry out DC converting to the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus by DC/DC rectification modules, later by the Four rectifying conversion power modules carry out rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell.
Preferably, switch, the first wind power generation plant and the 2nd AC/ are set between alternating current and the first AC/DC rectification modules Switch is set between DC rectification modules, switch, photovoltaic hair are set between the second wind power generation plant and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules Switch is set between electric installation and DC/DC rectification modules.
Preferably, between the first rectifying conversion power module and the second rectifying conversion power module, the second rectifying conversion electricity Between source module and third rectifying conversion power module, third rectifying conversion power module and the 4th rectifying conversion power module it Between be respectively provided with switch.
Preferably, the first rectifying conversion power module, the second rectifying conversion power module, third rectifying conversion power module It is connected in parallel in output end with the 4th rectifying conversion power module.
When the hydrogen storage pressure of the gas storing and supplementing unit is less than setting value, in the Hydrogen Unit and the gas storing and supplementing Hydrogen pressurizer is arranged between unit, so that after the hydrogen that the Hydrogen Unit generates is pressurized by the hydrogen pressurizer Enter back into the gas storing and supplementing unit.
Preferably, the hydrogen pressurizer is hydrogen diaphragm type compressor or hydrogen pressurization device.
The gas storing and supplementing unit includes hydrogen storage bottle, and is sequentially arranged from the direction that hydrogen storage bottle is directed toward Hydrogen Unit 's:First pressure sensor, to detect the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle, stable state pressure regulator valve, to adjust the anti-pressure for mending hydrogen Power, safety relief valve, automatically turned in the stable state pressure regulator valve failure with hydrogen of releasing, gas mass flow controller, To control the anti-flow for mending hydrogen, hydrogen automatic valve switch, according to the instruction of described control unit, to open or close from institute State gas storing and supplementing unit between the Hydrogen Unit hydrogen tonifying Qi and second pressure sensor, to detect the anti-benefit The Hydrogen Vapor Pressure of hydrogen.
Preferably, the hydrogen paths for connecting the Hydrogen Unit and the gas storing and supplementing unit include at least two, one It is hydrogen flow direction for from the Hydrogen Unit to the gas storage channel of the gas storing and supplementing unit, another is hydrogen flow direction for from institute State gas storing and supplementing unit to the Hydrogen Unit air supply passage.
It is further preferred that first pressure sensor, the stable state pressure regulator valve, the safety relief valve, the gas matter Amount flow control valve, hydrogen automatic valve switch and second pressure sensor are respectively positioned on the air supply passage.
When generator unit includes alternating current, wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus, the hydrogen generating system includes three kinds of fortune Row pattern:
The first operational mode is cut-out alternating current, is powered by wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;
Second of operational mode is that alternating current is independently-powered, cuts off wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;
The third operational mode is that alternating current, wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus are powered simultaneously.
In the third operational mode, the priority of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus power generation is higher than alternating current.
Preferably, it by detecting and being calculated the demand power of Hydrogen Unit, and is sent out with wind power generation plant and photovoltaic The generated output of electric installation is compared;Described in being greater than or equal to when the generated output of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus When demand power, only used for Hydrogen Unit by wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus power generation;Otherwise, wind power generation plant It is completely used for Hydrogen Unit with the generated output of photovoltaic power generation apparatus, insufficient section is supplemented by alternating current again.
It is further preferred that Hydrogen Unit includes electrolysis hydrogen production device, electrolysis hydrogen production device includes electrolytic cell, passes through acquisition The operating temperature and operating voltage of electrolytic cell calculate the demand power of Hydrogen Unit, are calculated using following formula:
P=U2/R(T)
Wherein:P is the demand power of electrolytic cell, and U is the operating voltage of electrolytic cell, and R is the resistance of electrolytic cell, and T is electrolysis The operating temperature of slot, R (T) indicate functions of the R about T.
By adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention is versatile, at low cost, can not make In the case of accumulator, intermittence of solution commercialization hydrogen producer, the especially water-electrolytic hydrogen making equipment in wide power swing Hydrogen purity problem under Power Supplies Condition;Meanwhile high safety of the present invention, stability are high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram of coupled hydrogen making system in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the coupled hydrogen making system;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of voltage connection in series-parallel module and two wind-power electricity generation circuits in the embodiment.
In attached drawing:1, the first AC/DC rectification modules;2, the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules;3, the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules;4, DC/DC rectification modules;5, voltage connection in series-parallel module;6, hydrogen automatic valve switchs;7, the first wind-power electricity generation circuit;8, the second wind Power power generation circuit.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention proposes a kind of coupled hydrogen making system, and coupling here refers to the coupling of two or more energy;Fig. 1 It is shown its system structure diagram, Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that the coupled hydrogen making system is more careful in the present embodiment.The coupling Hydrogen generating system include sequentially connected generator unit, energy management unit, Hydrogen Unit and gas storing and supplementing unit and with it is aforementioned The control unit that these units are all connected with, all working parameter to detect generator unit and Hydrogen Unit by control unit are gone forward side by side Row analysis, controls the action of energy management unit and gas storing and supplementing unit accordingly.
Generator unit includes the different power generator of at least two energy source types, such as it can include wind-power electricity generation Device and/or photovoltaic power generation apparatus and/or alternating current and/or tidal power generating device etc..In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, The generator unit includes alternating current, the first wind power generation plant, the second wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus.
Energy management unit includes the switching part being connect with control unit and rectifying part, passes through switching Part connection generator unit and rectifying part, are adjusted with being converted under the control of the control unit by the connection of switching part The work matching relationship of rectifying part, obtains the electric energy needed for hydrogen manufacturing.The rectifying part, can according to the matching with generator unit Including AC/DC rectification modules, and/or DC/DC rectification modules, and/or voltage connection in series-parallel module and/or rectifying conversion power supply mould Block.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, which includes the first AC/DC rectification modules 1, the 2nd AC/DC rectification moulds Block 2, the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules 3, DC/DC rectification modules 4, voltage connection in series-parallel module 5, the first rectifying conversion power module, Two rectifying conversion power modules and third rectifying conversion power module;Switching part includes first switch KM1, second switch KM2, third switch KM3, the 4th switch KM4, the 5th switch KM5 and the 6th switch KM6.
Wherein, alternating current connects the first rectifying conversion power module by the first AC/DC rectification modules 1, with by the first AC/DC Alternating current is converted to direct current by rectification module 1, carries out rectification and transformation by the first rectifying conversion power module later, to match system The power requirement of electrolytic cell (Hydrogen Unit as described later includes electrolytic cell) in hydrogen unit.First wind power generation plant passes through Two AC/DC rectification modules 2 connect voltage connection in series-parallel module 5, and the second wind power generation plant is connected by the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules 3 Voltage connection in series-parallel module 5 is connect, voltage connection in series-parallel module 5 connects the second rectifying conversion power module, with by the 2nd AC/DC rectification moulds Block 2 and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules 3 respectively convert the output voltage of the first wind power generation plant and the second wind power generation plant It for DC voltage and filtering clutter, then is carried out after connection in series-parallel combines by voltage connection in series-parallel module 5, by the second rectifying conversion power supply mould Block continues rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of electrolytic cell in the Hydrogen Unit.Photovoltaic power generation apparatus passes through DC/ DC rectification modules 4 connect third rectifying conversion power module, with the output electricity by DC/DC rectification modules 4 to photovoltaic power generation apparatus Pressure carries out DC converting, carries out rectification and transformation by third rectifying conversion power module later, is electrolysed with matching in Hydrogen Unit The power requirement of slot.
First switch KM1 is arranged between alternating current and the first AC/DC rectification modules 1, and second switch KM2 is arranged in the first wind Between power generation device and the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules 2, third switch KM3 is arranged in the second wind power generation plant and the 3rd AC/ Between DC rectification modules 3, the 4th switch KM4 is arranged between photovoltaic power generation apparatus and DC/DC rectification modules 4;5th switch KM5 It is connected in series between the input terminal of the first rectifying conversion power module and the input terminal of the second rectifying conversion power module, the 6th Switch KM6 be connected in series in the second rectifying conversion power module input terminal and third rectifying conversion power module input terminal it Between.First rectifying conversion power module, the second rectifying conversion power module and third rectifying conversion power module output end simultaneously Connection connection.
Above-mentioned voltage connection in series-parallel module 5 is arranged for more typhoon power generation devices, when separate unit wind power generation plant produces When raw voltage reaches effective output valve, each typhoon power generation device is carried out Parallel opertation voltage by voltage connection in series-parallel module 5;When When the voltage that separate unit wind power generation plant generates is less than effective output valve, voltage connection in series-parallel module 5 is by more typhoon power generation devices It connects, promotes voltage, until reaching effective output valve.
In the present embodiment, it is the first wind-power electricity generation to enable the circuit of the first wind power generation plant to the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules The circuit of circuit 7, the second wind power generation plant to the 3rd AC/DC modules is the second power generation circuit 8.Voltage connection in series-parallel module includes The positive circuit of the second wind-power electricity generation circuit 8 is connected to by the 7th switch S1 from the anode of the first wind-power electricity generation circuit 7, from The cathode of first wind-power electricity generation circuit 7 is connected to the circuit of the cathode of the second wind-power electricity generation circuit 8 by the 8th switch S2, and The second wind-power electricity generation is connected to by the 9th switch S3 from the circuit node between the first wind-power electricity generation circuit 7 and the 7th switch S2 The circuit of circuit node between circuit 8 and the 8th switch S2.One output end of the voltage connection in series-parallel module 5 is the 7th switch S1 The circuit node of circuit between the second wind-power electricity generation circuit 8, another output end are the 8th switch S2 and the first wind-power electricity generation line The circuit node of circuit between road 7;The voltage connection in series-parallel module 5 is connected in series in the second rectifying conversion power supply by two output ends In module.Fig. 3 show the structural schematic diagram after the voltage connection in series-parallel module and two wind-power electricity generation connections.
In voltage connection in series-parallel module 5 shown in fig. 3, the 7th switch S1, the 8th switch S2, the 9th switch S3 are i.e. Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), conducting are controlled with shutdown by control unit.When control unit control the 7th is opened Close S1 and the 8th switch S2 conductings, when the 9th switch S3 is turned off, the first wind-power electricity generation circuit and the second wind-power electricity generation lines in parallel; When the 9th switch S3 conducting of control unit control, when the 7th switch S1 and the 8th switch S2 are turned off, the first wind-power electricity generation circuit with Second wind-power electricity generation circuit is connected.
In the present invention, the voltage connection in series-parallel module that can be also not provided in above-described embodiment, and each wind power generation plant is arrived Line arrangement between Hydrogen Unit is similar to alternating current in above-described embodiment and is arranged to the line arrangement between Hydrogen Unit. Specifically, generator unit is same as the previously described embodiments, and the specific of energy management unit is arranged as at this time:
Alternating current connects the first rectifying conversion power module by the first AC/DC rectification modules, with by the first AC/DC rectification moulds Alternating current is converted to direct current by block, continues rectification and transformation by the first rectifying conversion power module later, to match hydrogen manufacturing The power requirement of electrolytic cell in unit;First wind power generation plant connects the second rectifying conversion by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules Power module, the output voltage of the first wind power generation plant is converted to direct current by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules, Zhi Houyou Second rectifying conversion power module continues rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of electrolytic cell in Hydrogen Unit;Second Wind power generation plant connects third rectifying conversion power module by the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules, with by the 3rd AC/DC rectification moulds The output voltage of second wind power generation plant is converted to direct current by block, is continued later by third rectifying conversion power module Rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of electrolytic cell in Hydrogen Unit;Photovoltaic power generation apparatus is connected by DC/DC rectification modules 4th rectifying conversion power module, to carry out DC converting to the output voltage of photovoltaic power generation apparatus by DC/DC rectification modules, it Rectification and transformation are carried out by the 4th rectifying conversion power module afterwards, to match the power requirement of electrolytic cell in Hydrogen Unit.Wherein, Be arranged in series switch between alternating current and the first AC/DC rectification modules, the first wind power generation plant and the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules it Between be arranged in series switch, be arranged in series switch between the second wind power generation plant and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules, photovoltaic generation dress It sets and is arranged in series switch between DC/DC rectification modules;First rectifying conversion power module and the second rectifying conversion power module Between, between the second rectifying conversion power module and third rectifying conversion power module, third rectifying conversion power module and Switch, and the first rectifying conversion power module, the second rectifying conversion power supply mould are respectively provided between four rectifying conversion power modules Block, third rectifying conversion power module and the 4th rectifying conversion power module are connected in parallel in output end.
Hydrogen Unit is electrolytic hydrogen production unit, its in the present embodiment is water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, including water electrolysis hydrogen production fills It sets and hydrogen purification apparatus, device for preparing hydrogen includes electrolytic cell.Wherein, device for preparing hydrogen includes but not limited to conventional Alkaline electrolysis water installations or solid polymer electrolyte device for producing hydrogen.When the hydrogen storage pressure of gas storing and supplementing unit is less than setting value, Hydrogen pressurizer is arranged between Hydrogen Unit and gas storing and supplementing unit, so that the hydrogen that Hydrogen Unit generates is via the hydrogen Gas storing and supplementing unit is entered back into after gas pressure charging device supercharging.Above-mentioned hydrogen pressurizer can be hydrogen diaphragm type compressor or hydrogen Gas booster.
On the one hand the effect of gas storing and supplementing unit is to store the hydrogen that Hydrogen Unit generates, further aspect is that in necessity In the case of to Hydrogen Unit purification devices it is counter mend hydrogen, the situation of the necessity refers to that the hydrogen content in purification devices is low In the setting value the case where, i.e., when the amounts of hydrogen that Hydrogen Unit generates in the case of low power run cannot meet purification devices The case where regeneration requirements.Hydrogen Unit is connect with gas storing and supplementing unit by Hydrogen Line, and gas storing and supplementing unit includes hydrogen storage bottle Group, and in first pressure sensor, pressure-stabilizing pressure regulation valve, the peace set gradually from the direction that hydrogen storage bottle group is directed toward Hydrogen Unit Full relief valve, gas mass flow controller, hydrogen automatic valve switch 6 and second pressure sensor.Wherein, hydrogen storage bottle group packet At least one hydrogen storage bottle is included, pressure store is 3~20MPa, and the outlet of each hydrogen storage bottle is equipped with ball valve, to allow to be turned off manually Hydrogen;The Hydrogen Vapor Pressure of first pressure sensor acting as in detection hydrogen storage bottle group;The effect of pressure-stabilizing pressure regulation valve is to adjust The anti-Hydrogen Vapor Pressure mended so that from the pressure of the anti-hydrogen mended of hydrogen storage bottle group out adjust to purification devices in Hydrogen Unit Required Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, i.e. 1.0~3MPa;The effect of safety relief valve is when pressure-stabilizing pressure regulation valve breaks down, the peace Full relief valve automatically turns on, and hydrogen is released in emptying pipeline, upstream device is avoided to be damaged;Gas mass flow controls The effect of device is to control the flow of the anti-regeneration hydrogen mended, to meet traffic requirement of the Hydrogen Unit to regeneration hydrogen;Hydrogen is certainly Movable valve switch 6 connects control unit, to be opened according to the control instruction of control unit so that the regeneration hydrogen in gas cylinder group It is anti-to mend into the purification devices of Hydrogen Unit, or closed according to the control instruction of control unit, to stop instead mending regeneration hydrogen; The effect of second pressure sensor is to detect the pressure of the anti-regeneration hydrogen mended.First pressure sensor, second pressure sensing Device, gas mass flow controller and hydrogen automatic valve switch 6 are all connected with control system, to control system feedback signal.On It is pneumatic operated valve or solenoid valve to state hydrogen automatic valve switch 6;Hydrogen storage bottle is steel hydrogen storage bottle or carbon fiber winding hydrogen storage bottle.
The hydrogen paths for connecting Hydrogen Unit and gas storing and supplementing unit include at least two, and one is that hydrogen flow direction is from system For hydrogen unit to the gas storage channel of gas storing and supplementing unit, another is that hydrogen flows to as the benefit from gas storing and supplementing unit to Hydrogen Unit Gas channel.Above-mentioned first pressure sensor, stable state pressure regulator valve, safety relief valve, gas mass flow control valve, hydrogen automatic valve Door switch and second pressure sensor are respectively positioned on air supply passage.
Control system uses PLC control modules, by acquiring generator unit, energy management unit, Hydrogen Unit and gas storage All signals of tonifying Qi unit simultaneously handle analysis, to realize the control for coupling electrolytic hydrogen production to wind-force and photovoltaic.
In the present embodiment, the first wind power generation plant and the second wind power generation plant are the wind that generated output is 100KW Power generator;The generated output of photovoltaic power generation apparatus is 100KW;The production capacity of water electrolysis hydrogen production unit is 50Nm3/ h, rated power For 250KW;The hydrogen storage volume of gas storing and supplementing system is 600Nm3
According to the characteristic of water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, the rectification variation power module of Energy Management System is opened using IGBT high frequencies Powered-down source, important technological parameters are:Working frequency:50kHz, input voltage:380V/AC, output voltage:150V/DC.IGBT high Frequency Switching Power Supply adjusts output voltage module using PWM, and the power of each IGBT high frequency switch powers is 100kW, total power Reach 300kW.By control system, 100kW may be implemented in the open and close of control the 5th switch and the 6th switch, The power output of 200kW, 300kW.Control system is the PLC control system of Siemens 300.
The invention also provides a kind of control methods of above-mentioned coupled hydrogen making system, thus to above-mentioned coupled hydrogen making system Work three kinds of operational modes of regulation.The first operational mode is cut-out alternating current, is supplied by wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus Electricity;In fig. 2, by disconnecting first switch, second switch, third switch and the 4th switch is closed and realizes the first operation mould Formula.Second of operational mode is that alternating current is independently-powered, cuts off wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;In fig. 2, by closing First switch is closed, second switch, third switch and the 4th switch is disconnected and realizes second of operational mode.The third operational mode is Alternating current, wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus are powered simultaneously;In fig. 2, by being closed first switch, second switch, the Three switches and the 4th switch realize the third operational mode.
In the third operational mode, the priority of wind-power electricity generation and photovoltaic generation is higher than mains-supplied.For electrolysis water For Hydrogen Unit, the part throttle characteristics of electrolytic cell meets following formula:
P=U2/R(T)
Wherein, P is the power needed for electrolytic hydrogen production unit, and U is the operating voltage of electrolytic cell, and R is the resistance of electrolytic cell, T For the operating temperature of electrolytic cell, R (T) indicates functions of the R about T.
Therefore, by detecting the operating voltage and operating temperature of electrolytic cell, the power needed for electrolytic hydrogen production unit is obtained, i.e., Its demand power.When the generated output of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus is greater than or equal to the demand of electrolytic hydrogen production unit When power, only generated electricity by wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;Otherwise, the hair of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus Electrical power is completely used for electrolytic hydrogen production unit, and insufficient section is supplemented by alternating current again.The first AC/DC that the process passes through adjusting alternating current Rectification module, the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules of two wind power generation plants and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules and photovoltaic generation dress The output voltage for the DC/DC rectification modules set so that its gross output meets the demand power of Hydrogen Unit, and pays the utmost attention to Wind-power electricity generation and photovoltaic generation are realized.
In addition, between the rectifying conversion power module of energy management unit, can by rectifying conversion power module it Between electric switch, be combined into the rectifier power source of different capacity size.For example, in energy management unit shown in Fig. 2, when closing When closing the 5th switch, disconnecting the 6th switch, the first rectifying conversion power module and the second rectifying conversion power module are applied in combination; When the 5th switch and the 6th switch are closed, then the first rectifying conversion power module, the second rectifying conversion power module and the Three rectifying conversion power modules are applied in combination.
The present invention is versatile, at low cost, can solve commercialization hydrogen producer without using accumulator, Especially hydrogen purity problem of the water-electrolytic hydrogen making equipment under the intermittent Power Supplies Condition of wide power swing;Meanwhile the present invention High safety, stability are high.
This hair can be understood and applied the above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate those skilled in the art It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein General Principle is applied in other embodiment without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to implementations here Example, those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (24)

1. a kind of coupled hydrogen making system, it is characterised in that:Including control unit, and it is all connected with described control unit and mutually Between sequentially connected generator unit, energy management unit, Hydrogen Unit and gas storing and supplementing unit, to be examined by described control unit It surveys all working parameter of the generator unit and the Hydrogen Unit and is analyzed, control the energy management unit and institute State the action of gas storing and supplementing unit;
The generator unit includes the different power generator of at least two energy source types, and the generator unit includes city Electricity does not include accumulator;
Energy management unit includes the switching part being connect with described control unit and rectifying part, passes through the switch Switching part connects the generator unit and the rectifying part, to pass through the switching portion under the control of the control unit The connection transformation divided adjusts the work matching relationship of the rectifying part, and the electricity consumption for matching electrolytic cell in the Hydrogen Unit is wanted It asks, obtains the electric energy needed for hydrogen manufacturing;The rectifying part uses IGBT high-frequency rectification Switching Power Supplies;
The hydrogen that the Hydrogen Unit generates, which enters in the gas storing and supplementing unit, to be stored, and described control unit controls the gas storage Tonifying Qi unit mends hydrogen to the Hydrogen Unit is counter in the case of necessary.
2. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The Hydrogen Unit is water electrolysis hydrogen production list Member, including device for preparing hydrogen and hydrogen purification apparatus;The device for producing hydrogen includes electrolytic cell;
The situation of described necessity refers to the case where hydrogen content in the purification devices is less than setting value.
3. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The generator unit includes wind-power electricity generation dress It sets and/or photovoltaic power generation apparatus and/or alternating current and/or tidal power generating device.
4. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rectifying part includes AC/DC rectification moulds Block, and/or DC/DC rectification modules, and/or voltage connection in series-parallel module and/or rectifying conversion power module.
5. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The generator unit includes alternating current, the first wind Power generation device, the second wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;
The alternating current connects the first rectifying conversion power module by the first AC/DC rectification modules, with by the first AC/DC rectification moulds Alternating current is converted to direct current by block, rectification and transformation is carried out by the first rectifying conversion power module later, to match the electrolysis The power requirement of slot;
First wind power generation plant connects voltage connection in series-parallel module, the second wind power generation plant by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules The voltage connection in series-parallel module is connected by the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules, the voltage connection in series-parallel module connects the second rectification and becomes Change power module, with by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules respectively by the first wind power generation plant and The output voltage of two wind power generation plants is converted to DC voltage and filtering clutter, then is gone here and there by the voltage connection in series-parallel module After parallel combination, rectification and transformation are continued by the second rectifying conversion power module, the electricity consumption to match the electrolytic cell is wanted It asks;
The photovoltaic power generation apparatus connects third rectifying conversion module by DC/DC rectification modules, with by DC/DC rectification modules pair The output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus carries out DC converting, carries out rectification and change by third rectifying conversion power module later Pressure, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell.
6. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Between alternating current and the first AC/DC rectification modules First switch is set, second switch, the second wind-power electricity generation are set between the first wind power generation plant and the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules Third is arranged between device and the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules to switch, the is arranged between photovoltaic power generation apparatus and DC/DC rectification modules Four switches.
7. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:First rectifying conversion power module and second whole Rheology is changed power module and is connected in series between the inputs by the 5th switch, the second rectifying conversion power module and third rectification Converting power source module is connected in series with by the 6th switch between the inputs.
8. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:It is first rectifying conversion power module, second whole Rheology changes power module and third rectifying conversion power module is connected in parallel in output end.
9. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:First wind power generation plant to the 2nd AC/DC The circuit of rectification module is the first wind-power electricity generation circuit, and the circuit of the second wind power generation plant to the 3rd AC/DC modules is second Generate electricity circuit;The voltage connection in series-parallel module includes being connected to second by the 7th switch from the anode of the first wind-power electricity generation circuit The circuit of the anode of wind-power electricity generation circuit is connected to the second wind-force hair from the cathode of the first wind-power electricity generation circuit by the 8th switch The circuit of the cathode of electric line, and from the first wind-power electricity generation circuit and the 7th switch between circuit node pass through the 9th switch It is connected to the circuit of the circuit node between the second wind-power electricity generation circuit and second switch;
One output end of the voltage connection in series-parallel module is the circuit knot of circuit between the 7th switch and the second wind-power electricity generation circuit Point, another output end are the circuit node of circuit between the 8th switch and the first wind-power electricity generation circuit.
10. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:7th switch, the 8th switch, the 9th switch It is insulated gate bipolar transistor.
11. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:7th switch, the 8th switch, the 9th switch It is connect with described control unit, with the on or off under the control of described control unit, to control the first wind-power electricity generation line Road and the second wind-power electricity generation circuit are connected in series or in parallel.
12. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The generator unit includes alternating current, the first wind Power generation device, the second wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;
The alternating current connects the first rectifying conversion power module by the first AC/DC rectification modules, with by the first AC/DC rectification moulds Alternating current is converted to direct current by block, continues rectification and transformation by the first rectifying conversion power module later, described in matching The power requirement of electrolytic cell;
First wind power generation plant connects the second rectifying conversion power module by the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules, with by the 2nd AC/ The output voltage of first wind power generation plant is converted to direct current by DC rectification modules, later by the second rectifying conversion power module Continue rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell;
Second wind power generation plant connects third rectifying conversion power module by the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules, with by the 3rd AC/ The output voltage of second wind power generation plant is converted to direct current by DC rectification modules, later by third rectifying conversion power module Continue rectification and transformation, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell;
The photovoltaic power generation apparatus connects the 4th rectifying conversion power module by DC/DC rectification modules, with by DC/DC rectification moulds Block carries out DC converting to the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus, carries out rectification by the 4th rectifying conversion power module later And transformation, to match the power requirement of the electrolytic cell.
13. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that:Alternating current and the first AC/DC rectification modules it Between be arranged switch, between the first wind power generation plant and the 2nd AC/DC rectification modules be arranged switch, the second wind power generation plant and Switch is set between the 3rd AC/DC rectification modules, switch is set between photovoltaic power generation apparatus and DC/DC rectification modules.
14. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that:First rectifying conversion power module and second Between rectifying conversion power module, between the second rectifying conversion power module and third rectifying conversion power module, third rectification It is respectively provided with switch between converting power source module and the 4th rectifying conversion power module.
15. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 12, it is characterised in that:First rectifying conversion power module, second Rectifying conversion power module, third rectifying conversion power module and the 4th rectifying conversion power module are connected in parallel in output end.
16. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:When the hydrogen storage pressure of the gas storing and supplementing unit When power is less than setting value, hydrogen pressurizer is arranged between the Hydrogen Unit and the gas storing and supplementing unit, so that institute The hydrogen of Hydrogen Unit generation is stated by entering back into the gas storing and supplementing unit after hydrogen pressurizer supercharging.
17. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 16, it is characterised in that:The hydrogen pressurizer is hydrogen diaphragm Compressor or hydrogen pressurization device.
18. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The gas storing and supplementing unit includes hydrogen storage bottle, And it is sequentially arranged from the direction that hydrogen storage bottle is directed toward Hydrogen Unit:
First pressure sensor, to detect the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle,
Stable state pressure regulator valve, to adjust the anti-pressure for mending hydrogen,
Safety relief valve, automatically turned in the stable state pressure regulator valve failure with hydrogen of releasing,
Gas mass flow controller, to control the anti-flow for mending hydrogen,
Hydrogen automatic valve switch, with according to the instruction of described control unit, open or close from the gas storing and supplementing unit to Hydrogen tonifying Qi between the Hydrogen Unit, and
Second pressure sensor, to detect the anti-Hydrogen Vapor Pressure for mending hydrogen.
19. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 18, it is characterised in that:Connect the Hydrogen Unit and the gas storage The hydrogen paths of tonifying Qi unit include at least two, and one is that hydrogen flow direction is from the Hydrogen Unit to the gas storing and supplementing list The gas storage channel of member, another is that hydrogen flows to as the air supply passage from the gas storing and supplementing unit to the Hydrogen Unit.
20. coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 19, it is characterised in that:First pressure sensor, the stable state tune Pressure valve, the safety relief valve, the gas mass flow control valve, hydrogen automatic valve switch and second pressure sensing Device is respectively positioned on the air supply passage.
21. a kind of control method of coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Generator unit includes When alternating current, wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus, the hydrogen generating system includes three kinds of operational modes:
The first operational mode is cut-out alternating current, is powered by wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;
Second of operational mode is that alternating current is independently-powered, cuts off wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;
The third operational mode is that alternating current, wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus are powered simultaneously.
22. the control method of coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 21, it is characterised in that:The third operational mode In, the priority of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus power generation is higher than alternating current.
23. the control method of coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 22, it is characterised in that:By detecting and calculating It is compared to the demand power of Hydrogen Unit, and with the generated output of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus;
When the generated output of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus is greater than or equal to the demand power, only sent out by wind-force Electric installation and photovoltaic power generation apparatus power generation are used for Hydrogen Unit;Otherwise, the power generation of wind power generation plant and photovoltaic power generation apparatus Power is completely used for Hydrogen Unit, and insufficient section is supplemented by alternating current again.
24. the control method of coupled hydrogen making system according to claim 23, it is characterised in that:Hydrogen Unit includes electrolysis Device for producing hydrogen, electrolysis hydrogen production device include electrolytic cell, and hydrogen manufacturing list is calculated by the operating temperature and operating voltage that acquire electrolytic cell The demand power of member, is calculated using following formula:
P=U2/R(T)
Wherein:P is the demand power of electrolytic cell, and U is the operating voltage of electrolytic cell, and R is the resistance of electrolytic cell, and T is electrolytic cell Operating temperature, R (T) indicate functions of the R about T.
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