CN106117798A - 一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法,其特征在于,是由以下重量份的原料制得:CuS 1‑2,等规聚丙烯60‑70,聚乳酸1‑2,高熔体强度聚丙烯10‑15,竹粉30‑40,活性炭10‑15,刚玉粉1‑2,硅胶粉1‑2,Cu(NO3)2 20‑25,硬脂酸1‑3,硬脂酸钙1‑3,发泡剂AC1601 1‑3,硬脂酸锌10‑15,NaOH溶液50‑60,聚丙烯酸酯乳液1‑3;本发明用聚丙烯酸酯和Cu(NO3)2对活性炭和金刚石进行改性,促进了Cu(NO3)2在活性炭和金刚石表面和孔道中的负载;配合添加了CuS,具有可吸附重金属离子的功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种竹塑复合材料,尤其涉及一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
竹塑发泡复合材料因可以克服竹塑复合材料密度大、脆性大等缺陷,近来备受关注。竹塑复合材料的基体主要有聚氯乙烯和聚烯烃塑料。聚氯乙烯基复合材料在制造、使用及废弃处理时会对环境造成污染,聚乙烯基复合材料的刚性及最高使用温度较低,且不易降解。 因此,聚丙烯(PP)木塑发泡复合材料成为近期的研究热点。竹塑发泡复合材料应用范围很广,涉及到汽车工业及运输业,建筑行业,包装行业,家具及装修业,办公室设备及体育设备等多个方面。
周吓星在《钛酸酯偶联剂对竹塑发泡复合材料性能的影响》中,利用竹粉和聚丙烯、高熔体强度聚丙烯制备了一种竹塑发泡复合材料,但是其力学强度有待提高,并且该复合材料的功能化还不够完善,限制了竹塑发泡复合材料的应用。
发明内容
基于以上思考,本发明的目的在于提供一种竹塑发泡复合材料的配方,对目前竹塑发泡材料存在的强度差、功能性不完善进行改进,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
1. 一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
CuS 1-2,等规聚丙烯60-70,聚乳酸1-2,高熔体强度聚丙烯10-15,竹粉30-40,活性炭10-15,刚玉粉1-2,硅胶粉1-2,Cu(NO3)2 20-25,硬脂酸1-3,硬脂酸钙1-3,发泡剂AC1601 1-3,硬脂酸锌10-15, NaOH溶液50-60,聚丙烯酸酯乳液1-3;
所述竹粉的粒径为90-350μm,NaOH溶液浓度为1mol/L,Cu(NO3)2浓度为0.1 mol/L,聚丙烯酸酯乳液的固含量为40-50%。
2. 所述的一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法,其特征在于,由以下步骤制成:
a. 将活性炭、刚玉粉加入到NaOH溶液中,搅拌10-15min后,浸泡1-2h,清水洗涤,过滤,50-100℃条件下干燥;聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚乳酸加入到Cu(NO3)2溶液中制成混合液,将干燥的活性炭和金刚石、CuS加入到该混合液中搅拌10-15min后,浸泡0.5-1h,90-130℃条件下烘干,N2气氛下,300-500℃焙烧3-5h,得到改性混合物;
b. 将竹粉在100-120℃条件下干燥6-10h,至绝干;然后将烘干的竹粉和硅胶粉、30-40份的等规聚丙烯一起加入到高速混合机中,搅拌升温至150-200℃,10-30min后冷却至30-50℃,继续搅拌6-10min后卸料,得到混合物;
c. 将步骤a所得改性混合物和步骤b所得混合物加入到剩余等规聚丙烯、高熔体强度聚丙烯混合物中,加入硬脂酸和硬脂酸钙,于高速混合机中混合8-12min,制得预混料;将预混料放入转矩流变仪中密练10-15min后,卸料粉碎,加入发泡剂AC1601和硬脂酸锌,搅拌均匀,经注塑机注塑成型。
3. 所述的转矩流变仪温度设置为160-220℃,转速为30-50 r·min-1。
本发明的有益效果是:用聚丙烯酸酯和Cu(NO3)2对活性炭和金刚石进行改性,促进了Cu(NO3)2在活性炭和金刚石表面和孔道中的负载,增大了其附着力,不易脱落,延长了催化寿命,赋予目标材料可吸附甲醛的功能,扩展其应用;在高温下煅烧,Cu(NO3)2会高温分解为CuO,可以有效地吸附降解甲醛,配合活性炭的吸附特性,达到优良的甲醛吸附效率;金刚石的加入也增大了该复合材料的力学强度和甲醛吸附效率;用等规聚丙烯对竹粉进行包裹,减少竹纤维分解,改善塑料基体与竹纤维的亲和性及流动性;配合利用高熔体强度聚丙烯制备竹塑发泡复合材料,使得该材料闭孔率高,具有质量轻、强度高、成本低的优点;配合添加了CuS,具有可吸附重金属离子的功能。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例
一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
CuS 2,等规聚丙烯70,聚乳酸2,高熔体强度聚丙烯15,竹粉40,活性炭15,刚玉粉2,硅胶粉1,Cu(NO3)2 25,硬脂酸3,硬脂酸钙3,发泡剂AC1601 3,硬脂酸锌15, NaOH溶液60,聚丙烯酸酯乳液3;
所述竹粉的粒径为90-350μm,NaOH溶液浓度为1mol/L,Cu(NO3)2浓度为0.1 mol/L,聚丙烯酸酯乳液的固含量为40-50%。
所述的一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法,其特征在于,由以下步骤制成:
a. 将活性炭、刚玉粉加入到NaOH溶液中,搅拌10-15min后,浸泡1-2h,清水洗涤,过滤,50-100℃条件下干燥;聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚乳酸加入到Cu(NO3)2溶液中制成混合液,将干燥的活性炭和金刚石、CuS加入到该混合液中搅拌10-15min后,浸泡0.5-1h,90-130℃条件下烘干,N2气氛下,300-500℃焙烧3-5h,得到改性混合物;
b. 将竹粉在100-120℃条件下干燥6-10h,至绝干;然后将烘干的竹粉和硅胶粉、30-40份的等规聚丙烯一起加入到高速混合机中,搅拌升温至150-200℃,10-30min后冷却至30-50℃,继续搅拌6-10min后卸料,得到混合物;
c. 将步骤a所得改性混合物和步骤b所得混合物加入到剩余等规聚丙烯、高熔体强度聚丙烯混合物中,加入硬脂酸和硬脂酸钙,于高速混合机中混合8-12min,制得预混料;将预混料放入转矩流变仪中密练10-15min后,卸料粉碎,加入发泡剂AC1601和硬脂酸锌,搅拌均匀,经注塑机注塑成型。
所述的转矩流变仪温度设置为160-220℃,转速为30-50 r·min-1。
本发明的技术指标为:
甲醛吸附率 ≥2.5mg/g;
弯曲强度≥40MPa;
比缺口冲击强度≥5 kJ·m-2。
Claims (3)
1.一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:
CuS 1-2,等规聚丙烯60-70,聚乳酸1-2,高熔体强度聚丙烯10-15,竹粉30-40,活性炭10-15,刚玉粉1-2,硅胶粉1-2,Cu(NO3)2 20-25,硬脂酸1-3,硬脂酸钙1-3,发泡剂AC1601 1-3,硬脂酸锌10-15, NaOH溶液50-60,聚丙烯酸酯乳液1-3;
所述竹粉的粒径为90-350μm,NaOH溶液浓度为1mol/L,Cu(NO3)2浓度为0.1 mol/L,聚丙烯酸酯乳液的固含量为40-50%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法,其特征在于,由以下步骤制成:
a. 将活性炭、刚玉粉加入到NaOH溶液中,搅拌10-15min后,浸泡1-2h,清水洗涤,过滤,50-100℃条件下干燥;聚丙烯酸酯乳液、聚乳酸加入到Cu(NO3)2溶液中制成混合液,将干燥的活性炭和金刚石、CuS加入到该混合液中搅拌10-15min后,浸泡0.5-1h,90-130℃条件下烘干,N2气氛下,300-500℃焙烧3-5h,得到改性混合物;
b. 将竹粉在100-120℃条件下干燥6-10h,至绝干;然后将烘干的竹粉和硅胶粉、30-40份的等规聚丙烯一起加入到高速混合机中,搅拌升温至150-200℃,10-30min后冷却至30-50℃,继续搅拌6-10min后卸料,得到混合物;
c. 将步骤a所得改性混合物和步骤b所得混合物加入到剩余等规聚丙烯、高熔体强度聚丙烯混合物中,加入硬脂酸和硬脂酸钙,于高速混合机中混合8-12min,制得预混料;将预混料放入转矩流变仪中密练10-15min后,卸料粉碎,加入发泡剂AC1601和硬脂酸锌,搅拌均匀,经注塑机注塑成型。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种可除甲醛和重金属离子的竹塑发泡材料及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述的转矩流变仪温度设置为160-220℃,转速为30-50 r·min-1。
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