CN106111179B - A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst and its preparation method and application Download PDF

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CN106111179B
CN106111179B CN201610478649.3A CN201610478649A CN106111179B CN 106111179 B CN106111179 B CN 106111179B CN 201610478649 A CN201610478649 A CN 201610478649A CN 106111179 B CN106111179 B CN 106111179B
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doped graphene
small size
nitrogen
photochemical catalyst
solution
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CN106111179A (en
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徐艺军
杨美玲
张楠
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Fuzhou University
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Fuzhou University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • B01J35/39
    • B01J35/40
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/10Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalysts and its preparation method and application.Graphite oxide ultrasonic disperse is first obtained graphene oxide solution, sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate is then added, is mixed evenly, hydro-thermal reaction closes small sized nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst;Under visible light illumination, which shows preferable degrading activity to organic pollutant;And preparation method is simple, and the cost for preparing catalyst is low, therefore is solving the problems, such as environmental pollution and energy shortage with wide practical value and application prospect.

Description

A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to catalysis material preparation, photocatalysis technology and field for the treatment of of water pollution, and in particular to a kind of small ruler Very little nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst and its preparation method and application.
Background technique
Solar energy is the clean energy resource treasure-house that the Nature vouchsafes the mankind, and people can to the exploratory development of Solar use To trace back to the 1960s and 1970s, hereafter, the photocatalysis technology based on semiconductor material enters the sight of people, Because it can be directly driving force using solar energy, subsequent Photocatalitic Technique of Semiconductor receives national governments and scientific and technological work Persons widely pay close attention to, and have worldwide obtained vigorous growth.With catalysis and material science fast development, On the one hand photocatalysis technology is put forth effort on the basis of the environmental pollution improvements such as water, air and soil and is answered as a green technology With research;On the other hand, the research in terms of photolysis water hydrogen and dye-sensitized solar cells has also been carried out.Simultaneously as not Generation secondary pollution, at low cost, less energy consumption, reaction condition is mild, operation is simple, recyclable the advantages that recycling, photocatalysis Technology is expected to become a kind of desirable route for solving human society energy crisis and environmental problem.
Catalysis material prepares the material base developed as photocatalysis technology and key, is that photocatalysis technology is studied Core emphasis.Graphene-based photochemical catalyst has been widely used in terms of the energy and environment since report in 2009, example Such as photocatalytic pollutant degradation, selective organic transformation, photo catalytic reduction CO2Hydrogen etc. is prepared with photochemical catalyzing, wherein Graphene improves semiconductor catalytic performance primarily as a kind of co-catalyst.Recent research indicate that by rationally adjusting stone The surface of black alkene and characteristic electron, such as chemical doping (N doping) can convert graphene to n-type semiconductor, and directly It applies in light-catalyzed reaction.Graphene synthetic method is simple, and at low cost and chemical stability is good, by its characteristic electron Regulate and control directly preparation, there is the graphene of semiconductor property to be of great significance to the synthesis of new catalyst.
The size of catalyst is to influence a key factor of catalytic performance.In general, the catalyst of small size possesses more greatly Specific surface area and broader forbidden bandwidth.On the other hand, by reduce catalyst size can effectively shorten carrier turn The efficiency of carrier separation is improved in the path of shifting.In addition, catalyst can be weakened to the diffusing reflection energy of light by reducing catalyst size Power, to improve the absorbing properties of catalyst.Studies have shown that change graphene size can significantly influence its electronics and Optical characteristics, and then influence its photocatalysis performance.Therefore, we have tried the regulation for carrying out size to nitrogen-doped graphene, come Explore change of the variation of size to nitrogen-doped graphene characteristic and its photocatalysis efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to have the spies such as good photocatalytic activity, low manufacture cost, simple production process The nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst of small size and its preparation method and application of point, with probe into the size of nitrogen-doped graphene with The nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst of structure-activity relationship between its photocatalysis performance, the small size of preparation is urged for light under visible light Change degradable organic pollutant.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene visible-light photocatalyst
Prepare the method for small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst as described above the following steps are included:
(1) preparation of graphene oxide (GO):
By P2O5And K2S2O8It is uniformly mixed by the mass ratio of 1:1, is slowly added to the dense H of 12 mL 98%2SO4, it is heated to 80 DEG C, add graphite powder, 24 h of constant temperature;Room temperature is cooling, stirs after being diluted with water, then static;It filters, obtains filter residue;Gained filter The dense H of 120 mL 98% is dissolved in after slag is dry2SO4In, 15 g KMnO are slowly added under magnetic agitation4, and control the temperature of reaction solution Degree is lower than 20 DEG C, is then stirred to react 2 h at 35 DEG C~40 DEG C;250 mL water are slowly added to while stirring to be diluted And the temperature of reaction solution is controlled lower than 50 DEG C;Add 1 L deionized water and 20 mL 30%H2O2(being added dropwise) continues to stir It mixes, stands overnight.Filtering, filter residue is with 1:10 hydrochloric acid: deionized water is washed, centrifuge separation, and solid is collected in dialysis washing, dry, Then the graphite oxide finally obtained in ultrasonic disperse to deionized water, obtains graphene oxide solution again;
(2) preparation of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst:
By graphene oxide (GO), hydrazine hydrate (N made from step (1)2H4·H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is mixed Uniformly, then 100 DEG C of 12 h of hydro-thermal, then cooling, the graphene for dialysis, being filtered, washed, being dried to obtain small size.
In step (1), the concentration of graphene oxide water solution is 1 mg/mL.
In step (2), reaction solution after mixing evenly is put into reaction kettle, and volume is filled with 80%;
A kind of application of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst as described above: have for Photocatalytic Activity for Degradation Engine dyeing material rhodamine B, the photochemical catalyst irradiate 6 h, 90% rhodamine B under the visible light of 405 ± 15 nm of wavelength All it has been degraded.
Specific step is as follows for photocatalysis degradation organic contaminant:
It disperses a certain amount of catalyst in certain density rhodamine B solution, stirs evenly, stirred at room temperature wait inhale After attached balance, illumination certain time is then centrifuged for, and the different photocatalysis times are then measured on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer Under absorbance.
Remarkable advantage of the invention is:
(1) present invention is successfully prepared by a step hydrothermal synthesis method with smaller size of nitrogen-doped graphene photocatalysis Agent.In this hydrothermal reaction process, graphene oxide is not only transformed into the graphene of N doping, but also is dimensionally also cut It is smaller.Since size reduces, then it is more advantageous to the transfer and separation of photo-generated carrier, reduces electron-hole recombination rate.
(2) size reduces, and specific surface area increases, and adsorption capacity enhancing, these factors are all conducive to improve the nitrogen of small size The photocatalytic activity of doped graphene degradable organic pollutant under visible light.
(3) simple process that the nitrogen-doped graphene catalyst of the small size prepared is at low cost, prepares, and have and compare Good photocatalysis effect is expected to be applied to the photocatalysis treatment of industrial wastewater, exhaust gas, the environmental pollution for getting worse solution Problem is of great significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1-A is the atomic force microscopy diagram of large-sized nitrogen-doped graphene (L-NGR).
Fig. 1-B is the atomic force microscopy diagram of the nitrogen-doped graphene (S-NGR) of small size.
Fig. 2-a is the XPS figure of the C1s of L-NGR and S-NGR;
Fig. 2-b is the XPS figure of the O1s of L-NGR and S-NGR;
Fig. 2-c is the XPS figure of the N1s of L-NGR and S-NGR.
Fig. 3 is the photocatalytically degradating organic dye rhodamine B figure of L-NGR and S-NGR.
Specific embodiment
The content that the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to The following example.
Embodiment 1
By P2O5And K2S2O8It is uniformly mixed by the mass ratio of 1:1, is slowly added to the dense H of 12 mL 98%2SO4, it is heated to 80 DEG C, add graphite powder, 24 h of constant temperature;Room temperature is cooling, stirs after being diluted with water, then static;It filters, obtains filter residue;Gained filter The dense H of 120 mL 98% is dissolved in after slag is dry2SO4In, 15 g KMnO are slowly added under magnetic agitation4, and control the temperature of reaction solution Degree is lower than 20 DEG C, is then stirred to react 2 h at 35 DEG C~40 DEG C;250 mL water are slowly added to while stirring to be diluted And the temperature of reaction solution is controlled lower than 50 DEG C;Add 1 L deionized water and 20 mL 30%H2O2(being added dropwise) continues to stir It mixes, stands overnight.Filtering, filter residue is with 1:10 hydrochloric acid: deionized water is washed, centrifuge separation, and solid is collected in dialysis washing, dry, Then graphite oxide is finally obtained again in ultrasonic disperse to deionized water, obtains graphene oxide solution;
20 mg NaOH are dispersed in 80 mL graphene oxide solutions (1 mg/mL), after 1 h is mixed, 0.5 mL N2H4·H2O is added in the above solution, and solution is placed in 100 DEG C of 12 h of hydro-thermal reaction in reaction kettle, then cooling, infiltration It analyses, wash, being dried to obtain S-NGR catalyst, wherein the partial size of S-NGR catalyst is 300 nm;Take 80 mL graphene oxides molten Liquid, after 1 h is mixed, 0.5 mL N2H4·H2O is added in the above solution, and solution is placed in 100 DEG C of water in reaction kettle 12 h of thermal response, then cooling, dialysis, wash, be dried to obtain L-NGR catalyst, wherein the partial size of L-NGR catalyst be 930 nm。
Embodiment 2
Catalyst made from 10 mg embodiments 1 (S-NGR catalyst is experimental group, and L-NGR catalyst is control group) is added It is added in the rhodamine B solution of 5 ppm, 60 mL and is uniformly mixed, after stirring balance to be adsorbed at room temperature, be placed in visible light (405 ± 15 nm) under 6 h of illumination, later to close xenon source, by all centrifuge tubes sample be centrifugated, institute after centrifugation Obtained supernatant liquor is further diverted into quartz colorimetric utensil when measuring different photocatalysis on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer Between under absorbance, so that it is bent to the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under visible light illumination to obtain catalyst under each period Line chart, as a result as shown in Figure 3, it is seen that S-NGR catalyst is after illumination 6h, and the degradation rate of rhodamine B is 90%, and L-NGR is catalyzed After illumination 6h, the degradation rate of rhodamine B is only 25% for agent, it can thus be concluded that the change of size generates significantly photocatalysis performance It influences.
Fig. 1 is the atomic force microscopy diagram of the nitrogen-doped graphene of prepared different size size, from Fig. 1 (A) and (B) it can be concluded that, graphene passes through after alkali process in, is successfully cut into the graphene of more strip.
Fig. 2 be different size size nitrogen-doped graphene XPS figure, Cong Tuzhong can be clearly seen that we at Function synthesizes the graphene of N doping, and there is no the contents on nitrogen to generate apparent influence for the change of size.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with Modification, is all covered by the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst answering in Photocatalytic Activity for Degradation organic dyestuff rhodamine B With, it is characterised in that: the small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) graphite oxide is dissolved in ultrasonic disperse in deionized water, obtains graphene oxide solution;
(2) 20 mg sodium hydroxides are dispersed in 80 mL graphene oxide solutions, after 1 h is mixed, 0.5 mL water It closes hydrazine to be added in the above solution, solution is placed in 100 DEG C of 12 h of hydro-thermal reaction in reaction kettle, after reaction, to above-mentioned anti- Liquid is answered to be cooled to room temperature;Reaction solution is put into dialysis bag, dialysis to ion concentration is less than 10 ppm;After dialysis is complete, filter, It is washed with deionized, sample drying is obtained the small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst later;
The partial size of the small size nitrogen-doped graphene is 300 nm;
The application method are as follows: be used for Photocatalytic Activity for Degradation organic dyestuff rhodamine B, the photochemical catalyst is in wavelength 6 h are irradiated under the visible light of 405 ± 15 nm, 90% rhodamine B has all been degraded.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1) and step (2), graphene oxide is molten The concentration of liquid is 1 mg/mL.
3. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (2), solution is placed in reaction kettle, body Product is filled with 80%.
CN201610478649.3A 2016-06-28 2016-06-28 A kind of small size nitrogen-doped graphene photochemical catalyst and its preparation method and application Expired - Fee Related CN106111179B (en)

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CN108636438B (en) * 2018-05-16 2021-10-26 成都理工大学 Oxygen-nitrogen co-doped graphene photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN109012730B (en) * 2018-08-17 2022-01-11 成都理工大学 Visible light response boron-nitrogen co-doped photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN111439801A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-07-24 中国地质大学(北京) Method for photo-thermal photocatalytic co-treatment of high-salinity organic wastewater by using nitrided graphene composite nanofiber membrane
CN113398970A (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-09-17 武汉工程大学 ZnO nanowire array/three-dimensional nitrogen-doped rGO nanotube composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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CN102167310A (en) * 2011-01-30 2011-08-31 黑龙江大学 Method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene material with hydrothermal process

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