CN106103930A

CN106103930A - Manifold

Info

Publication number: CN106103930A
Application number: CN201580013533.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: S·考夫曼; M·杰曼; A·史泰戈特
Original assignee: Tenneco GmbH
Current assignee: Tenneco GmbH
Priority date: 2014-03-20
Filing date: 2015-03-18
Publication date: 2016-11-09
Also published as: WO2015140210A1; US20170051655A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of manifold system for explosive motor (1), it includes the housing (2) being designed as collecting manifold, this housing also has two entrances (20,21) and an outlet (24), in order to the two of internal combustion engine outlets are fluidly connected to a gas extraction system；At least one connector being positioned on described housing (22,23), in order to be connected to the shell body of the heat insulation manifold (30 33) of double Shell air gap；And it is connected to the heat insulation manifold of at least one air gap of described connector, the heat insulation manifold of described air gap includes inner housing (34) and shell body (35), and wherein inner housing is provided with an entrance (36) in order to a communication with internal combustion engine；Wherein the heat insulation manifold of all of air gap all complete formed by sheet metal and structure with equivalently-sized；On housing, distance A2 between one of two entrances and outlet is between 30 millimeters and 300 millimeters, or between 50 millimeters and 120 millimeters.

Description

Manifold

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of manifold system for internal combustion engine, it includes being designed as the housing for collecting manifold.Should Housing is provided with two entrances and an outlet, in order to connect the two of internal combustion engine outlets with exhaust system fluid.This housing It is provided with the connector connecting in order to the shell of manifold heat insulation with bivalve air gap.The heat insulation manifold of at least one air gap and described connector It is connected.The heat insulation manifold of this air gap includes inner housing and shell body, and wherein inner housing is provided with an entrance, in order to internal combustion engine One communication.

Background technology

Entrance, outlet and connector refer to the respective end of pipe or housing.Described respective end is by further Connecting element, such as flange or welding material, be connected with other structural members.

European patent EP 1914401A2 discloses a kind of known housing for internal combustion engine, and this housing is configured to have The collecting manifold of some exhaust manifolds.One end of housing is provided with the exhaust entrance can being connected with the outlet of internal combustion engine, another End is connected with the collection device with air exit.At least exhaust manifolds being exported between collection device at internal combustion engine It is casting.At least another root exhaust manifolds internal combustion engine be exported between collection device be formed as structural tube or piece Shell.

German patent DE 3925802A1 discloses the casting of a kind of two outlets in order to connect internal combustion engine and gas extraction system Part, as the adapter of two manifolds.Other outlet discrimination single with connecting through of gas extraction system, that be not connected with foundry goods Pipe realizes.

It according to German patent DE 10301395A1, is also known with double Shell as collecting manifold, wherein shell body Directly link together with all outlet ports of internal combustion engine.

Content of the invention

The present invention proposes and improves gas extraction system, in order in the multiple important range of speeds of internal combustion engine so that exhaust The problem that noise and gas extraction system are optimised.Every a engine has its single, optimal operating point, wherein moment of torsion With the complex relationship between oil consumption is favourable.So optimal operating point occurs in the range of speeds of relative narrowness, therefore It is the range of speeds related for these in the solution acoustically improving gas extraction system.

According to the present invention, problem is so to solve: the heat insulation manifold of all of air gap is all complete to be formed by sheet metal, and Structure with equivalently-sized.On housing, the distance between one of them entrance and outlet is between 30 millimeters and 300 millimeters, or Between 50 millimeters and 120 millimeters.

Benefiting from the heat insulation manifold of the air gap being connected with collecting manifold or housing is identical design, at outlet and collecting pipe Between the acoustics that produces compare existing manifold system and sound more harmonious, particularly in six-in-line formula engine.This Improve and be particularly effective in the case that the distance between one of them entrance and outlet is certain.Class according to manifold system Type, the interval residing for afore-mentioned distance is 50 millimeters to 120 millimeters.In the case of the short distance of little design size, it has already been proven that The slight conversion of distance can affect sound property.On the other hand, the increase of distance can produce preferable sound property.

Such manifold system is particularly suited for diesel truck engine or stationary diesel engine, wherein close The place of collecting manifold is provided with turbocharger.Housing as central authorities and bearing part constitutes enough static(al)s, is used for Connect turbocharger and the outlet on motor body.

When distance is the dimensioning according to the sound wave being vented, the present invention is particularly effective.Its wavelength is according to n*A2 Or 1/n*A2 calculates, wherein n representative is not the natural number of zero；A2 is one of two entrances described above and go out Distance between Kou；L is the average physical wavelength of sound, and it is by expansion rate C [m/s=meter per second] of sound in exhaust Calculate with the business of frequency f [1/s=hertz] of ripple, i.e. L=C/f.Frequency the delivery temperature of 700 C and 300 hertz Under rate, obtain the wavelength L that is about 750 millimeters.This signal with 300 hertz just creates, and for example, is sent out by six cylinders Motivation is in the case of 3000 rpm [rev/min].This low frequency signal can be increased the weight of under the distance of 1/10 wavelength L, A2 distance for example in the housing is 75 millimeters.

If two entrances in housing are each other when fluid and acoustics exchange, the present invention is also effective.It enters one Step improves harmony, because dynamic balancing can occur in housing.

If during additionally, two entrances in housing are separated by a tube wall and are formed two runners by this tube wall, this Invention is effective.Wherein, the two runner flows into outlet in the end of tube wall, and the two runner is by being positioned on tube wall and position Carry out fluid and acoustics exchange in a perforate of outlet upstream or perforation.Be arranged such, do not have any acoustics and The characteristic that the mutual absolute group of hydrodynamic separates separates and has complete acoustics and hydrodynamic friendship with not having group Mutual feature is coupled, and wherein hydrodynamic is located close between the two manifold areas of runner alternately.It is positioned on tube wall It is mutual that described perforate or perforation reduce hydrodynamic, but acoustics keeps major part complete alternately simultaneously.Acoustics is mutual It is all to change, because of according to as restriction in distance between one of two entrances and outlet for the degree and on rotating speed The size of the perforate of leakage point, rotating speed improves, reduces alternately.

Amass if perforate or perforation have the global sections being positioned between 25 square millimeters and 50 square millimeters, the present invention It is also effective.

It if collecting manifold or housing are arranged to one-piece cast component, is also advantageous.Compared with metal sheet, foundry goods Vibration characteristics very superior, be related for the acoustics of collecting manifold.

The present invention has special importance, when collecting manifold is made up of low-alloy gray cast iron, and its carbon content At least 1.00 percentage by weights and other each average weight percent adding alloy are less than 50.00.Such as ash mouth The such well known materials of cast iron has preferable acoustic vibration characteristic.

Alternatively, when the housing as multi-disc or double portion be entirely by sheet metal formed, shell body and inner housing it Between to be also formed with air gap heat insulation and when being formed with connector on shell body, the present invention is also advantageous.The acoustics of sheet metal Shortcoming can be compensated by the shell body of special shape.

This is similarly advantageous, and for air gap, heat insulation manifold has a connector and outlet, the wherein heat insulation discrimination of air gap Pipe is directly connected with collecting manifold by its connector, and the heat insulation manifold of air gap is by its outlet and the heat insulation discrimination of another air gap The connector of pipe is connected.In this way, people can connect in the both sides of collecting manifold the heat insulation manifold of air gap and At the heat insulation manifold of both sides two air gaps of connection.For four-cylinder internal combustion engine, the manifold system with two sheet metal manifolds can Supplement with two other identical sheet metal manifold, to be extended to be applicable to the manifold system of six-cylinder engine.

This is also advantageous, when the heat insulation manifold of air gap outermost outlet by closed with covers when.According to particular system, Described lid can adapt to each heat insulation manifold of identical air gap.

Additionally, it can be favourable, when the heat insulation manifold of air gap is by the such as combination technologies such as welding, soldering or viscose glue When being connected with collecting manifold.Especially, it for the collecting manifold being made up of grey cast-iron, is welded to connect and provides very Simple and economic preparation method.In order to realize flexible assembling, by arranging union nut, V-belt folder, flange connection or folder Tight part, being connected heat insulation for air gap manifold with collecting manifold is favourable too.

Additionally, when collecting manifold only has the connection directly or indirectly coupling together heat insulation for two air gaps manifold During mouth, the present invention is also advantageous.For special application, the design of this asymmetric has compared to the design of symmetrical expression Acoustic benefit.

Finally, this is also advantageous, and when the housing exporting to turbocharger described in collecting manifold connection, and is this When purpose is formed with the carrying structure being positioned between engine cylinder-body and turbocharger.

Brief description

The present invention other advantage and details, be illustrated in the claims and specification and shown in the drawings. In accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 a is the sectional view of housing, wherein the runner reciprocation of collecting manifold；

Fig. 1 b is the lateral plan of collecting manifold in Fig. 1 a；

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the manifold system with a collecting manifold and the heat insulation manifold of four air gaps, wherein collecting manifold Runner reciprocation；

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the manifold system with a collecting manifold and the heat insulation manifold of two air gaps, wherein collecting manifold Runner reciprocation；

The schematic diagram of the double-decker collection manifold that Fig. 4 is made up of sheet metal；

Fig. 5 is the sectional view that the flange between collecting manifold manifold heat insulation with air gap is connected；

Fig. 6 is to be embedded in the part sectional view that heat insulation manifold is attached to collecting manifold and air gap by collecting manifold；

Fig. 7 a is the schematic diagram of the collecting manifold that both sides press from both sides with V-belt；

Fig. 7 b is the sectional view of the V-belt folder between collecting manifold and the heat insulation manifold of air gap；

Fig. 8 a is the schematic diagram of entrance and the spacing of outlet in collecting manifold viewed from above；

Fig. 8 b is the schematic diagram of the spacing of entrance and outlet in the collecting manifold that side is observed.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 a shows the sectional view of the housing 2 being formed with collecting manifold, and wherein collecting manifold has interactive stream Road 25,26.Described housing 2 is made up of grey cast-iron, and it is except including in order to be connected with the outlet of internal combustion engine (not shown) Two entrances 20, outside 21, also include two connectors 22,23 being all connected in order to manifold 31,32 heat insulation with air gap.Please join Fig. 1 b Shown in, from said two entrance 20,21, two runners 25,26 mutually parallel and partly being separated by a tube wall 27 are at shell The inside of body 2 extends, until the outlet 24 of housing.In order to improve the acoustic feature of collecting manifold 2, two runners 25,26 pass through The perforate 271 being positioned at tube wall 27 realizes reciprocation.

In the embodiment of the manifold system 1 shown in Fig. 2, housing 2 is asymmetrically designed.But, as at figure In the embodiment of 1a and Fig. 1 b, housing 2 be provided with in order to each with the connected connector 23 of the heat insulation manifold of air gap 31,32 and Two entrances 20,21.From said two entrance 20,21, two runners 25,26 extend up to going out of housing 2 in the inside of housing 2 Mouth 24.Here too, two runners 25,26 are partly separated by a tube wall 27 in reciprocation.Please join Fig. 8 a in detail With Fig. 8 b, average length respective distances A2 of two runners 25,26 as shown by arrows.Distance A2 is positioned at respective entrance 20, Between 21 and outlet 24.In the illustrated embodiment, the factor of distance A2 difference 1.6.

Fig. 3 shows the housing 2 of the manifold system 1 for 4 cylinder IC engines in upright arrangement.Described housing 2 only has for air gap One connector 22 of heat insulation manifold 30.In this housing 2, being not provided with reducing by two runners 25,26 is interactive Tube wall 27.

Fig. 4 shows an air gap heat insulation shell 2 as collecting manifold.Described housing 2 have a shell body 28 with And two inner housings 29 combining with shell body 28.

Described housing 2 as a load bearing component by the housing of the outlet (not shown) of engine cylinder-body and turbocharger (not shown) is connected.In side or both sides, air gap heat insulation manifold 30-30 is connected with housing 2, but does not have any carrying And the function that static state is related.

In two embodiments as shown in FIG. 2 and 3, the geometry of air gap heat insulation manifold 30-30 is identical with structure, and Formed by sheet metal.Benefiting from all air gaps heat insulation manifold 30-33 is identical design, internal combustion engine some behaviour of paramount importance The acoustic characteristic making point is enhanced, because the vibration of air gap heat insulation manifold 30-33 and resonance performance are identical.Different knots Structure may cause different vibrations and resonance performance.

Additionally, above-mentioned identical shape has the following advantages, in conjunction with for two outlets, the shell as collecting manifold 2 Body 2, can increase the heat insulation manifold 30,33 of two air gaps, for six cylinder internal combustions on the manifold system 1 for four-cylinder internal combustion engine Machine.The heat insulation manifold of air gap 30,33 of last series connection is closed by lid 4.Connection between air gap heat insulation manifold 30-33 and The welding that connects through between air gap heat insulation manifold 30-33 and lid 4 is formed.

The heat insulation manifold of identical air gap 30 includes an inner housing 34 and the shell body 35 around inner housing 34.The two Housing 34,35 from respective entrance 36 streamwise to respective outlet 37 extension, and to respective connector 38 Flow direction is contrary.At respective entrance 36-38, inner housing 34 links together with shell body 35, marches on towards one of them flowing Direction.

When respective air gap heat insulation manifold 30-33 is connected to housing 2, shell body 35 is the crux of special joining technique. As a principle, inner housing 34 is merely inserted in housing 2.

Preferably, housing 2 and the heat insulation manifold of respective air gap 31, being connected by between 32 is welded to connect.Alternatively, root According to shown in Fig. 5-7b, such as flange 7 or be embedded in part 8 or the connected mode of V-belt folder 6 can also be used.

In Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b, distance A2 being positioned between respective entrance 20,21 and outlet 27 also depends on entrance The size ratio of the diameter Da with outlet 24 for the respective diameter De of 20,21.The optimal acoustic of most important operating point for internal combustion engine Adapting to, especially with respect to the crucial rotating speed of most important load area, distance A2, diameter are than De, Da and air gap heat insulation manifold 30-33 Same shape be therefore crucial.

Claims

1. the manifold system (1) for internal combustion engine, comprising:

A) housing (2) as collecting manifold, described housing is provided with two entrances (20,21) and an outlet (24), in order to The two of internal combustion engine outlets are fluidly connected to a gas extraction system；

B) connector (22,23) that at least one is positioned on described housing (2), heat insulation in order to be connected to a double Shell air gap The shell body of manifold (30-33)；And

C) the heat insulation manifold of at least one air gap (30-33) is connected to described connector (22,23), this air gap heat insulation manifold (30- 33) including inner housing (34) and shell body (35), wherein inner housing (34) is provided with one in order to an outlet with internal combustion engine The entrance (36) of fluid communication；

It is characterized in that:

D) the heat insulation manifold of all of air gap (30-33) is all complete is formed by sheet metal and structure is all identical with size；

E) distance (A2) between one of upper two entrances (20,21) of housing (2) and outlet (24) is between 30 millimeters and 300 Between Hao meter, or between 50 millimeters and 120 millimeters.

2. manifold system (1) as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: distance (A2) is to mark according to the sound wave being vented Size, the wavelength (L) of the sound wave of exhaust calculates according to n*A2 or 1/n*A2, and wherein n representative is not the natural number of zero.

3. manifold system (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: two entrances (20,21) in housing (2) that This carries out fluid and acoustics exchange.

4. the manifold system (1) as described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterised in that: two entrances in housing (2) (20,21) are separated by a tube wall (27) and are defined two runners (25,26), wherein, the two stream by this tube wall (27) Road (25,26) flows into outlet (24) in the end of tube wall (27), and the two runner (25,26) is gone up and position by being positioned at tube wall (27) A perforate (271) or perforation in outlet (24) upstream carry out fluid and acoustics exchange.

5. manifold system (1) as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: described perforate (271) or perforation have and are positioned at 25 Global sections between square millimeter and 50 square millimeters amasss.

6. the manifold system (1) as described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterised in that: described housing (2) is arranged to The foundry goods of single-piece.

7. manifold system (1) as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: described housing (2) is by low-alloy gray cast iron system Becoming, its carbon content is at least 1.00 percentage by weights and other each average weight percent adding alloy are less than 50.00。

8. the manifold system as described in any one in claim 1-4 item (1), it is characterised in that: as multi-disc or bilayer The housing (2) in portion is entirely and is formed by sheet metal, is also formed with air gap between shell body (28) and at least one inner housing (29) Heat insulation, connector (22,23) is formed on described shell body (28).

9. manifold system (1) as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: the heat insulation manifold of air gap (30-33) has a connection Mouthful (38) and outlet (37), wherein the heat insulation manifold of air gap (31,32) by its connector (38) directly with housing (2) phase Even, the heat insulation manifold of air gap (31,32) is by the connector (38) of its outlet (37) and the heat insulation manifold of another air gap (30,33) It is connected.

10. the manifold system (1) as described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterised in that: the heat insulation manifold of air gap (30,33) Outermost outlet (37) is closed by lid (4).

11. manifold systems (1) as described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterised in that: the heat insulation manifold of air gap (30,31) It is connected with housing (2) by the combination technology of such as welding, soldering or viscose glue.

12. manifold systems (1) as described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterised in that: housing (2) only has a company Interface (22), heat insulation for two air gaps manifold (30-31) is directly or indirectly coupled together by described connector (22).

13. manifold systems (1) as described in aforementioned any one claim, it is characterised in that: housing (2) connects described outlet It to a housing of turbocharger, and is formed with the carrying knot being positioned between engine cylinder-body and turbocharger for this purpose Structure.

14. 1 kinds of systems, including the manifold system (1) as described in aforementioned any one claim and an internal combustion engine.