CN106102954A - Axle keeps sleeve, diameter of axle expansion instrument and the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument - Google Patents
Axle keeps sleeve, diameter of axle expansion instrument and the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN106102954A CN106102954A CN201580014839.3A CN201580014839A CN106102954A CN 106102954 A CN106102954 A CN 106102954A CN 201580014839 A CN201580014839 A CN 201580014839A CN 106102954 A CN106102954 A CN 106102954A
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- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- axle
- post
- jack
- keeps
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001232809 Chorista Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/12—Making machine elements axles or shafts of specially-shaped cross-section
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of axle keeps sleeve, in the mating holes of its compressor inserting diameter of axle expansion instrument, the compressor of described diameter of axle expansion instrument applies axial compressive stress to keep the end of jack-post to described jack-post during the diameter of axle expansion of the part for radially expanded jack-post processes.Axle keeps sleeve to include the front-end surface being inserted in mating holes, wait to expose at least one air communication channel to the exposed division outside mating holes and the surface extending to exposed division from front-end surface.A kind of fixture can be attached to diameter of axle expansion instrument, to help axle to keep sleeve insertion in mating holes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of axle and keep sleeve, a kind of diameter of axle expansion instrument and a kind of folder for diameter of axle expansion instrument
Tool.
Background technology
It is the method for forming major diameter portion at the axial pars intermedia of jack-post that the known diameter of axle expands method.According to the diameter of axle
The example of expansion method, jack-post rotates with an angle of bend, and this angle of bend is executed when axial compressive stress puts on jack-post
It is added on this jack-post, thus expands a part for jack-post to form major diameter portion.
Diameter of axle expansion instrument generally includes a countershaft holding sleeve of each end keeping jack-post and along datum line cloth
A pair main shaft put, jack-post is arranged along this datum line.Each main shaft has mating holes, and corresponding holding sleeve inserts this cooperation
Hole.Axle keeps sleeve be inserted in the mating holes of each main shaft and be fixed on each main shaft.By moving master along datum line
A main shaft in axle is to compress jack-post in its axial direction, and passes through the shape tilted at another main shaft relative to datum line simultaneously
Rotate this another main shaft under state and expand a part (see, such as, JP2013-166168A) for jack-post.
Axle keeps sleeve according to the size of jack-post or the need of abrasion of axle holding sleeve that cause owing to contact with jack-post
Want and change.But, when inserting or remove axle relative to mating holes and keeping sleeve, the air being limited in mating holes may
Axle is hindered to keep inserting smoothly or removing of sleeve.
Axle keeps sleeve can include the outer sleeve being fixed to main shaft and the inner sleeve being press-fitted in outer sleeve,
Make only to need to change inner sleeve.Inner sleeve weares and teares owing to contacting with jack-post.Therefore, it is possible to by only changing inner sleeve
And reduce cost.
But, the radially enlarged portion of inner sleeve contact jack-post, and therefore compressed along with jack-post, load with compression
Inner sleeve is put on the direction that the compression direction of jack-post is contrary.If the load putting on inner sleeve is excessive, then internal
Sleeve may shift relative to outer sleeve on the direction contrary with compression direction.
Summary of the invention
It is complete the present invention in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the invention to be to improve the diameter of axle to expand operation.
According to aspects of the present invention, axle keeps sleeve to insert the cooperation of the compressor that jack-post applies axial compressive stress
Hole, keeps the end of jack-post in the diameter of axle expansion of the part for radially expanded jack-post during processing.Axle keeps sleeve bag
Include be inserted in mating holes front-end surface, wait to expose to the exposed division outside mating holes and extend to from front-end surface
At least one air communication channel on the surface of exposed division.
According to a further aspect in the invention, diameter of axle expansion instrument includes: for keeping above-mentioned the one of each end of jack-post
Countershaft holding sleeve；Having the compressor of mating holes, a countershaft holding sleeve is respectively inserted in described mating holes, compresses mechanism
Make as compressing the jack-post W that each end is kept by a countershaft holding sleeve in the axial direction of jack-post；And load generates equipment, its
Be configured to pars intermedia applying friendship to the jack-post that each end is kept by a countershaft holding sleeve on the direction axially intersected
Varying load.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that for the fixture of above-mentioned diameter of axle expansion instrument.Fixture includes installing surface,
When axle keeps sleeve to insert in mating holes, axle keeps sleeve to be arranged on this installation surface.It is attached to mating holes at fixture
Under the state of opening edge, surface is installed and flushes with the inner peripheral surface of mating holes.
Other aspects of the present invention and advantage be will be apparent from by the description below, drawings and claims.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A to 1E is the figure schematically illustrating the example that the diameter of axle expands method；
Fig. 2 A to 2C is the figure schematically illustrating another example that the diameter of axle expands method；
Fig. 3 A and 3B is the figure schematically illustrating another example that the diameter of axle expands method；
Fig. 4 A and 4B is the figure schematically illustrating another example that the diameter of axle expands method；
Fig. 5 A and 5B is the figure schematically illustrating another example that the diameter of axle expands method；
Fig. 6 is the side view of the example of the diameter of axle expansion instrument for implementing the diameter of axle expansion method shown in Figure 1A to 1E；
Fig. 7 is that the axle of the diameter of axle expansion instrument of Fig. 6 keeps sleeve and the sectional view of main shaft；
Fig. 8 is the front view of the axle holding sleeve of Fig. 7；
Fig. 9 is the sectional view that axle keeps another example of sleeve；
Figure 10 is the side view that axle keeps another example of sleeve；
Figure 11 is the perspective view that axle keeps another example of sleeve；
Figure 12 is the sectional view that axle keeps another example of sleeve and main shaft；
Figure 13 is the figure of the structure illustrating that the axle of Figure 12 keeps sleeve；
Figure 14 is the figure of the structure of another example illustrating that the axle of Figure 12 keeps sleeve；
Figure 15 is the side view of the example illustrating the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument；
Figure 16 is the sectional view of another example illustrating the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument；And
Figure 17 is the front view of the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument of Figure 16.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure 1A to 5B is the figure of the various examples illustrating that the diameter of axle expands method.
In the diameter of axle expansion method shown in Figure 1A to 1E, when axial compressive stress puts on jack-post W, to
Jack-post W rotates this jack-post W while applying angle of bend, thus expands a part of jack-post W.
As shown in Figure 1A, the both ends of jack-post W are inserted in countershaft holding sleeve 1a and 1b respectively, and this countershaft holding overlaps
Cylinder 1a and 1b is arranged on datum line A and faces one another.Additionally, the both ends of jack-post W abut axle respectively keeps sleeve 1a and 1b
Bottom, and thus jack-post W is clamped by countershaft holding sleeve 1a and 1b.It is provided with pre-between one countershaft holding sleeve 1a and 1b
Fixed gap D, and determine this clearance D according to axial length and the external diameter of the radially enlarged portion being formed on jack-post W.
As shown in Figure 1B, axle keep sleeve 1b translate along datum line A so that by a countershaft holding sleeve 1a and 1b folder
The jack-post W held is axially compressed.Then, axle keep sleeve 1a tilt relative to datum line A and rotate simultaneously so that by one
The jack-post W of countershaft holding sleeve 1a and 1b clamping O bending in flexural center on datum line A rotates around the axle of jack-post W the most simultaneously.
Due to bending and the rotation of jack-post W, with the alternate load on the direction axially intersected of jack-post W on bending direction, at jack-post W
Inner side and outer side put on the bending section (pars intermedia) of jack-post W.
As shown in Figure 1 C, owing to jack-post W is axially compressed, so the inner side of the bending section of jack-post W becomes due to plasticity
Shape and expand, and due to plastic deformation expansion its whole perimembranous extend so that the bending section of jack-post W is thickening.
As shown in figure ip, the gap between countershaft holding sleeve 1a and 1b reaches target gap (the radial direction expansion of jack-post W
Most axial length) time, the compression of jack-post W stops, and makes the axle tilted relative to datum line A keep sleeve 1a
Arrange again along datum line A so that the bending of jack-post W recovers.According to said method, complete the expansion of jack-post W process and
Stop the rotation of jack-post W subsequently.
Then, as referring to figure 1e, jack-post W is separated from countershaft holding sleeve 1a with 1b.
Diameter of axle expansion method shown in Fig. 2 A to 2C is with the diameter of axle expansion method something in common of Figure 1A to 1E: make jack-post
W bends and is rotated about their axes, and makes alternate load put on the bending section (pars intermedia) of jack-post W.In this diameter of axle expansion method,
Replace tilting an axle relative to datum line A and keep sleeve 1a, keep sleeve 1a on the direction intersected with datum line A on this axle
Slide, thus bending jack-post W.
In the diameter of axle expansion method shown in Fig. 3 A and 3B, the end of jack-post W is kept sleeve 1a rotatably by an axle
Being maintained at unrestricted state, the end of jack-post W is kept sleeve 1b to be held non-rotatably within restriction state by another axle, and so
Rear axle keeps the end being kept sleeve 1a to keep by this axle of sleeve 1a and jack-post W to pivot around datum line A, thus bends jack-post W
And also the bending section (pars intermedia) of jack-post W is applied alternate load.
In the diameter of axle expansion method shown in Fig. 4 A and 4B, the end of jack-post W respectively can not by axle holding sleeve 1a and 1b
It is rotationally retained at restriction state, and an axle keeps sleeve 1a reciprocally to rotate around datum line A, thus in jack-post W
Between portion apply alternate load.
In the diameter of axle expansion method shown in Fig. 5 A and 5B, replace axle keep sleeve 1a and 1b or the displacement of jack-post W or
Person rotates, vibration machine OSC apply bending or twisting vibration to jack-post W, thus the pars intermedia of jack-post W is applied alternation
Load.
Fig. 6 illustrates the structure of the example performing the diameter of axle expansion instrument that the diameter of axle shown in Figure 1A and 1E expands method.
Diameter of axle expansion instrument 10 shown in Fig. 6 includes: a countershaft holding sleeve 11, and it is for keeping the end of jack-post；With
And pair of holders unit 12a, 12b, it is arranged as along datum line A disconnected from each other, and jack-post is arranged along this datum line A.One
Individual keeper unit 12a is supported on base portion 13, can tilt relative to datum line A.Another keeper unit 12b is supported on
On base portion 13, can move along datum line A.
Keeper unit 12a, 12b all include: main shaft 14, and axle keeps sleeve to be arranged on this main shaft 14；Shell 15, it is used
In being pivotably supported main shaft 14；And cylinder 16, it for keeping the end of the jack-post in sleeve 11 to push away already inserted into axle
Go out the outside keeping sleeve 11 to this axle.The main shaft 14 of each keeper unit 12a, 12b is arranged on datum line A.
Diameter of axle expansion instrument 10 includes: driven in translation unit 17, and it is for moving keeper unit 12b along datum line A；
Tilting unit 18, it is used for making keeper unit 12a tilt relative to datum line A；And rotary drive unit 19, it is used for revolving
Turn the main shaft 14 of keeper unit 12a.It is axial that keeper unit 12a, 12b and translation driver element 17 are formed at jack-post
The compressor of compression jack-post.Keeper unit 12a, 12b, tilting unit 18 and rotary drive unit 19 form load generation and set
Standby, its alternate load on the direction applying to intersect with axial (the datum line A) of jack-post to the pars intermedia of jack-post.
Fig. 7 and 8 illustrates that axle keeps sleeve 11 and the structure of main shaft 14.
Main shaft 14 is provided with the mating holes 20 keeping sleeve 11 to be inserted for axle and the pin being connected to this mating holes 20 is inserted
Hand-hole 21.Keep the pressure of sleeve 11 to receive plate 22 for support shaft to coordinate in mating holes 20, and pressure receives plate 22 and supports
Connect and be fixed to the shoulder 23 being formed within mating holes 20.Pin insertion hole 21 is arranged along the central shaft (benchmark of main shaft 14
Line A) run through main shaft 14, and the pin 24 of cylinder 16 (see Fig. 6) is inserted through pin insertion hole 21.
Axle holding sleeve 11 has the cylindrical portion 30 of the end for receiving jack-post and coordinates the back boxing in cylindrical portion 30
Metal 31.Cylindrical portion 30 has this cooperation being accommodated in main shaft 14 when axle holding sleeve 11 is inserted in mating holes 20
Receiving portion 32 in hole 20, and expose to the exposed division 33 outside mating holes 20.Exposed division 33 is formed as having less than accommodating
The diameter in portion 32, and shoulder 34 is formed on the connecting portion between exposed division 33 and receiving portion 32.Form axle and keep sleeve 11
The back metal 31 of bottom supported and supported the end surfaces of jack-post W by pin 24.Therefore, back metal 31 is configured to be followed closely
Pin 24 extrudes so that is inserted in axle and keeps the end of the jack-post W in sleeve 11 to be pushed out into axle holding sleeve 11 outside.
Flanged pipe 35 is fastened to the opening of the wherein main shaft 14 of mating holes 20 opening, along with shoulder 34 quilt of cylindrical portion 30
This flanged pipe 35 extrudes, and inserts the axle in the mating holes 20 of main shaft 14 and keeps sleeve 11 to be fixed to this main shaft 14.
Axle keeps sleeve 11 to change according to the appropriately sized of jack-post.It addition, axle keeps sleeve 11 to accept to be applied to jack-post
On the counteracting force of alternate load, and especially, relatively large load puts on the table that axle keeps the peristome of sleeve 11
Face 30a.Therefore, axle keeps sleeve 11 wear and tear owing to reusing and so suitably change.
When along with the replacing of axle holding sleeve 11, axle keeps sleeve 11 to insert the mating holes 20 of main shaft 14 and from main shaft 14
When mating holes 20 removes, owing to axle keeps sleeve 11, main shaft 14, pressure to receive plate 22 and pin 24, air is limited in cooperation
Hole 20 is internal, and therefore axle keeps sleeve 11 to be provided with for the inside of mating holes 20 is logical with the air circulation of ft connection
Road.
In this example, axle keeps the air communication channel of sleeve 11 by being formed at groove 36 in the outer surface of receiving portion 32
Constitute.Groove 36 is set to: keep the front-end surface of the side, direction (bottom side) being inserted into mating holes 20 of sleeve 11 from axle, along axle
Keep the axially extending, to reach the surface of exposed division 33 of sleeve 11.Although as at least one groove 36 of air communication channel being
Enough, but the multiple grooves being spaced can set up the week of the outer surface of receiving portion 32, example institute as shown
Show.
If there is no the groove 36 as air communication channel, then, when axle keeps sleeve 11 to remove from mating holes 20, join
The inside closing hole 20 is in relative under the negative pressure of ambient pressure, but when axle keeps sleeve 11 to insert mating holes 20, coordinates
The inside in hole 20 is in the direct draught relative to ambient pressure, thus hinders axle to keep steadily inserting and removing of sleeve 11.Phase
Instead, because the inside of mating holes 20 is by groove 36 and ft connection, thus the inside of mating holes 20 remain ambient pressure or
Reduce with the pressure reduction of ambient pressure.Therefore, axle keeps sleeve 11 can be stably inserted into and remove, enabling is easy to axle and keeps
The replacing of sleeve 11, thus contribute to the diameter of axle and expand the overall improvement of operation.
Alternatively, axle keeps the air communication channel of sleeve 11 to be not limited to groove 36, as long as air communication channel is from insertion
The axle of mating holes 20 keeps the front-end surface of sleeve 11 to extend to the surface of exposed division 33.Such as, as it is shown in figure 9, air circulates
Passage is it is so structured that keep the front-end surface of sleeve 11 to extend to the through hole 37 on its backward end surface from axle.
As shown in Figure 10, attachment part 39 can be arranged on axle and keep the outer surface of sleeve 11, and hanger 38 is the tightest
Gu to this attachment part 39.Because axle keeps sleeve 11 to have the weight of the about 60kg for big object, although thus depending on wanting
The jack-post that is kept and change, but be also the heaviest, it is possible to suspending this axle in midair via hanger 38 keeps sleeve 11 so that
The burden that axle keeps the operator of sleeve 11 replacement operation can be reduced.Therefore, it is possible to improve axle further to keep sleeve 11 more
The operability changed.
In the example shown in Fig. 6 and 7, for the flanged pipe 35 that keeps sleeve 11 to be fixed to main shaft 14 on axle be configured to
Axle keeps the chorista that the cylindrical portion 30 of sleeve 11 separates.But, as shown in figure 11, cylindrical portion 30 can be with flange part 40 one
Ground is arranged.In this case, flange part 40 can be provided with the handle 41 as grip part.When arranging handle 41, axle keeps
The operation that the mating holes 20 of sleeve insertion main shaft 14 and the mating holes 20 from main shaft 14 remove can easily be carried out, and therefore
The operability that axle keeps the replacing of sleeve can be improved further.
According to another example, axle keeps sleeve 11 to have tubular outer sleeve 30A, insert the interior of this outer sleeve 30A
Portion sleeve 30B and cooperation back metal 31 in this inner sleeve 30B.Outer sleeve 30A inserts the mating holes of main shaft 14
In 20, and outer sleeve 30A and the inner sleeve 30B surface in its back-end inserted in this outer sleeve 30A are connect by pressure
Receive plate 22 to support.It addition, the shoulder 34 being arranged on the outer surface of outer sleeve 30A is extruded by flanged pipe 35, this flanged pipe
35 openings being fastened to the main shaft 14 that wherein mating holes 20 is opened, and result, outer sleeve 30A is fixed to main shaft 14.In
The end of portion sleeve 30B storage jack-post W.The back metal 31 of the bottom forming axle holding sleeve 11 is supported by pin 24 and props up
Hold the end surfaces of jack-post W.Therefore, back metal 31 is configured to be extruded by pin 24 so that the insertion axle of jack-post W keeps sleeve 11
In end be pushed out into axle and keep sleeve 11 outside.
The counteracting force of the alternate load that inner sleeve 30B acceptance is applied on jack-post, and especially, relatively large load
Lotus puts on the surface 30a of the peristome of inner sleeve 30B.Therefore, inner sleeve 30B weares and teares owing to reusing.Insert
Inner sleeve 30B in outer sleeve 30A can remove from outer sleeve 30A, enabling only changes according to the degree of wear
Inner sleeve 30B.
During diameter of axle expansion processes, the radially enlarged portion of inner sleeve 30B contact jack-post, and therefore along with compressional axis
Post W, load puts on inner sleeve 30B on the direction contrary with the compression direction of jack-post W.For such load, outside
Sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B is provided with and prevents its engaging moved up in the side contrary with the compression direction of jack-post W from tying
Structure.
Figure 13 illustrates the example of the snap-in structure being arranged in outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B.
Ring-type jog 70 is arranged in the inner peripheral surface of outer sleeve 30A, and treat with outer sleeve 30A concavo-convex
The ring-type jog 71 of portion 70 engaging is arranged on the outer surface of inner sleeve 30B.The jog 70 of outer sleeve 30A and interior
The jog 71 of portion sleeve 30B fastens mutually, thus prevents inner sleeve 30B due to load in the compression direction phase with jack-post
Anti-square upward displacement.
Degree of depth D of recess and the height H of protuberance in each jog 70,71 are preferably, equal to or greater than 50 μm and are equal to
Or 1% of the external diameter less than inner sleeve 30B.Than as outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B, there is biography therefore, it is possible to obtain
The engaging force that during surface roughness united, the friction of generation is bigger with pressure, thus be reliably prevented inner sleeve 30B and exist
The side contrary with the compression direction of jack-post moves up.
In the above construction, inner sleeve 30B is inserted into outer sleeve 30A by such as interference fit.Although
Each jog 70,71 of outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B has multiple recess and protuberance, according to alternative, and can be only
A pair recess and protuberance are set.
Figure 14 illustrates another example of the snap-in structure being arranged in outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B.
In the example shown in Figure 14, each recess of the jog 70,71 of outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B and
Protuberance is all configured to zigzag, and it is upwardly away from outer sleeve 30A and interior in the side contrary with the compression direction that jack-post is compressed
The central shaft (datum line A) of portion sleeve 30B and extend.It addition, outside the inner peripheral surface of outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B
Perimeter surface is formed as being upwardly away from the central shaft (benchmark of outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B in the side contrary with compression direction
Line A) and the conical by its shape that extends.
According to this example, inner sleeve 30B can be inserted into by press-fit in outer sleeve 30A, consequently facilitating will
Inner sleeve 30B inserts in outer sleeve 30A.
In order to suppress the axle produced owing to contacting with jack-post to keep the abrasion of sleeve 11, hard material conduct is preferably used
Axle keeps the material of sleeve 11 (or axle keeps the inner sleeve 30B of sleeve 11).The abrasion of sleeve 11 is kept by suppression axle,
Axle can be reduced and keep the replacement frequency of sleeve 11 (or axle keeps the inner sleeve 30B of sleeve 11), thus improve the diameter of axle and expand
Big operation.
As the base material forming axle holding sleeve 11 (or axle keeps inner sleeve 30B of sleeve 11), it is possible to preferably make
With the material of the Rockwell hardness (JIS G 0202) with more than HRC58, and material can include the mould of such as SKD11
The high-speed steel of steel, such as SKH51, semi-high speed steel etc..
It addition, keep the angle of abrasion of sleeve 11 for suppression axle, can countershaft holding sleeve 11 (or axle keeps set
The inner sleeve 30B of cylinder 11) apply Surface hardening treatment.When carrying out Surface hardening treatment, the Vickers hardness of hardened surface
(JIS Z 2244) is preferably, equal to or greater than HV1200, more preferably equal or greater than HV3000.Hardened surface is smooth is also
Preferably.The example of Surface hardening treatment includes: coating, such as vanadio coating, chromio coating, ti-based coating or diamond like carbon
Carbon (DLC) coating；Nitriding etc..
At least on the surface 30a of the peristome of axle holding sleeve 11, carry out Surface hardening treatment, it is also possible to including out
The whole inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 30 of the surface 30a of oral area (or axle keeps the whole inner circumferential of inner sleeve 30B of sleeve 11
Surface) on carry out, or (or axle keeps the inner sleeve 30B of sleeve 11 can to keep the whole surface of sleeve 11 at axle
Whole surface) on carry out.
When forming coating as Surface hardening treatment, coating can be the list formed by various coatings listed above
Layer coating or be made up of the laminated coating that its one is formed above.The example of the method forming coating can include salt bath submergence
Method (thermal response deposition-diffusion method), chemical gaseous phase deposition (CVD), physical vapour deposition (PVD) (PVD), plasma CVD (PCVD) etc..
Expand, for improving the diameter of axle, the angle operated, fixture can be used when changing when axle keeps sleeve 11.
Figure 15 illustrates the structure of an example of the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument.
Fixture 50 shown in Figure 15 has multiple column and guides bar 51 (only illustrating in figure).Screw is arranged on axle and keeps
The flanged pipe 35 of sleeve 11 consolidated to main shaft 14 opening in.Guiding bar 51 shown in Figure 15 is fastened to be positioned at mating holes 20
The vertically screw of lower section so that it is attached to the opening edge of mating holes 20.
Axle keeps sleeve 11 to be placed on multiple guiding bar 51 and is thus arranged on guiding bar 51.Each guiding bar 51
Outer surface flush along the bus of its outer surface and the inner peripheral surface of mating holes 20, the outer surface of each guiding bar 51
The bus axle installed of contact keep sleeve 11 so that axle keeps sleeve 11 smooth mobile to mating holes 20 from guiding bar 51
In and also move to guiding bar 51 from mating holes 20.Therefore axle keep the insertion of sleeve 11 and remove operation can be easily
Carry out, and the operating performance of therefore enough replacings improving axle holding sleeve 11 further.
It addition, in the example shown, each guiding bar 51 is provided with major diameter retainer 52 at its end, and protects at axle
Holding sleeve 11 is in the case of the end guiding bar 51 excessively moves, and such as axle keeps sleeve 11 when mating holes 20 removes, stops
Dynamic portion 52 abuts axle and keeps sleeve 11, to prevent axle from keeping sleeve 11 to drop.
After axle keeps sleeve 11 to be inserted in mating holes 20, guide bar 51 to separate from main shaft 14, and replace subsequently
This guiding bar 51, is fastened to main shaft 14 by flanged pipe 35 so that axle keeps sleeve 11 to be fixed to main shaft 14.
Figure 16 and 17 illustrates the structure of another example of the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument.
Fixture 60 shown in Figure 16 and 17 be formed as ring-type and coordinate main shaft 14 opening outside with install extremely
Main shaft 14.Fixture 60 has and is formed as half cylindrical support that the lower edge of the vertical direction from the opening 61 exposing mating holes 20 is prominent
Portion 62, and axle keep sleeve 11 install to supporting part 62.The inner peripheral surface of supporting part 62 is neat with the inner peripheral surface of mating holes 20
Flat so that axle keeps sleeve 11 smooth mobile to mating holes 20 from supporting part 62 and also smooth mobile from mating holes 20
To supporting part 62.Fixture 60 according to this example, fixture 60 can be easily fitted to main shaft 14 and remove from main shaft 14,
And the operability that axle keeps the replacing of sleeve 11 can be improved further.
Hereinbefore, although the axle having been described above the present invention keeps sleeve, diameter of axle expansion instrument and expands dress for the diameter of axle
The fixture put as example, but relative to expanding the diameter of axle expansion instrument of method for performing the diameter of axle shown in Figure 1A to 1E
10, for perform the diameter of axle that Fig. 2 A to 5B is shown respectively expand method diameter of axle expansion instrument be different only in that keeper unit
Or for the pars intermedia of jack-post applies the mode of operation of the main shaft of alternate load, and therefore axle as above keeps set
Cylinder and the structure for the fixture of diameter of axle expansion instrument can also apply to such diameter of axle expansion instrument.
Then, axle will be described and keep example and the life-span thereof of sleeve 11 (or axle keeps the inner sleeve 30B of sleeve 11)
Assessment.
About example 1, semi-high speed steel is used as base material, and omits Surface hardening treatment.About example 2, semi-high speed steel is used
Make base material and carry out nitriding as Surface hardening treatment.About example 3, SKH51 (high-speed steel) is used as base material, and conduct
Surface hardening treatment, forms VC (vanadium carbide) coating by a kind of TD process (trade mark) as salt bath immersion method.Example 1 to
The base material hardness of the sleeve of 3 and surface nature are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
About each sleeve of example 1 to 3, repeat axle by above-mentioned diameter of axle expansion instrument 10 under identical condition
Footpath expansion processes, and by subsequently until occurring that the number of processes of the jack-post of abrasion (adhesive wear) visually is evaluated as the longevity
Life.Evaluation result is shown in Table 1.According to the evaluation result shown in table 1, it is possible to find sleeve due to contacting of jack-post and make
The abrasion become can suppress by carrying out Surface hardening treatment.Additionally, kept the abrasion of sleeve 11 by suppression axle, it is possible to fall
The replacement frequency of low sleeve, thus improve the diameter of axle and expand operation.
According to more than one embodiment of the present invention, axle keeps sleeve 11 to insert jack-post W applying axial compressive stress
Compressor 12a, 12b, 17 mating holes 20 in, with the part for radially expanded jack-post W diameter of axle expansion process during
Keep the end of jack-post W.Axle keeps sleeve 11 to include the front-end surface being inserted in mating holes 20, wait to expose outside mating holes 20
The exposed division 33 in portion and extend to from described front-end surface exposed division 33 surface at least one air communication channel 36,
37。
Air communication channel 36,37 can include that being formed at axle keeps the groove 36 on the outer surface of sleeve 11.
Air communication channel 36,37 can include that keeping the front-end surface of sleeve 11 to extend to axle from axle keeps sleeve 11
The through hole 37 of opposite end surface.
Axle keeps sleeve 11 to may further include the attachment part 39 on the outer surface being arranged on axle holding sleeve 11, dress
Meet portion 39 and be constructed so that hanger 38 can be relative to attachment part 39 attaching or dismounting.
Axle keeps sleeve 11 to may further include the grip part 41 being arranged on exposed division 33.
The end of jack-post W keeps the peristome of sleeve 11 to be inserted into axle holding sleeve 11 from axle, and axle holding sleeve 11 can
With farther include at least this axle keep sleeve 11 this peristome at Surface hardened layer portion 30a.
The Vickers hardness of Surface hardened layer portion 30a can equal to or more than HV1200.
According to more than one embodiment of the present invention, diameter of axle expansion instrument 10 includes: for keeping each end of jack-post
An above-mentioned countershaft holding sleeve 11；Have the compressor 12a of mating holes 20,12b, 17, a countershaft holding sleeve 11 is inserted respectively
Enter in described mating holes 20, compressor 12a, 12b, 17 be configured in the axial direction of jack-post W, compress each end by a countershaft guarantor
The jack-post W that holding sleeve 11 keeps；And load generates equipment 18,19, its be configured to on the direction axially intersected to each
The pars intermedia of the jack-post W that end is kept by a countershaft holding sleeve 11 applies alternate load.
According to more than one embodiment of the present invention, it is provided for the fixture 50,60 of above-mentioned diameter of axle expansion instrument 10.Fixture
50,60 include keeping the installation surface of sleeve 11 when axle keeps sleeve 11 to install axle when inserting in mating holes 20.At fixture 50,60
It is attached under the state of opening edge of mating holes 20, surface is installed and flushes with the inner peripheral surface of mating holes 20.
According to more than one embodiment of the present invention, axle keeps sleeve 11 to be configured to for the one of radially expanded jack-post W
The diameter of axle expansion of part keeps the end of jack-post W during processing.Axle keeps sleeve 11 to include: tubular outer sleeve 30A, and it is suitable for
In be fixed to jack-post W apply the compressor 12a of axial compressive stress, 12b, 17；And be arranged within outer sleeve interior
Portion sleeve 30B.Inner sleeve 30B is configured to receive the end of jack-post W, and is arranged to the radially enlarged portion tap with jack-post W
Touch.Outer sleeve and inner sleeve are provided with snap-in structure 70,71, and it is configured to prevent inner sleeve 30B relative to outside
Sleeve 30A relative movement on the direction contrary with the compression direction that jack-post W is compressed.
Snap-in structure 70,71 can be arranged on inner peripheral surface and the outer surface of inner sleeve 30B of outer sleeve 30A
On.
Snap-in structure 70,71 can include ring-type jog.
Each recess and the protuberance of snap-in structure 70,71 are it is so structured that outside the side contrary with compression direction is upwardly away from
The central shaft A of portion sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B and extend.
The inner peripheral surface of outer sleeve and the outer surface of inner sleeve can be formed as in the side contrary with compression direction
The conical by its shape being upwardly away from the central shaft A of outer sleeve 30A and inner sleeve 30B and extend.
The degree of depth of each recess of snap-in structure 70,71 and the height of each protuberance can be equal to or more than 50 μm and etc.
In or less than inner sleeve 30B external diameter 1%.
The end of jack-post W is inserted into axle from the peristome of inner sleeve 30B and keeps sleeve 11, and axle keeps sleeve 11 permissible
Farther include the Surface hardened layer portion 30a at least at this peristome of this inner sleeve 30B,.
The Vickers hardness of Surface hardened layer portion 30a can equal to or more than HV1200.
Present patent application based on all on March 19th, 2014 submit to Japanese patent application No.2014-056519 and
2014-056520, the full text of described patent is incorporated by reference the application.
Claims (17)
1. axle keeps a sleeve, and this axle keeps in the mating holes of sleeve compressor to be inserted into, and this compressor is for radially
The diameter of axle expansion of the part expanding jack-post applies axial compressive stress to keep described jack-post to described jack-post during processing
End, described axle keeps sleeve to include:
Front-end surface, this front-end surface will be inserted in described mating holes；
Exposed division, this exposed division will be exposed the outside to described mating holes；And
At least one air communication channel, this air communication channel extends to the surface of described exposed division from described front-end surface.
Axle the most according to claim 1 keeps sleeve, and wherein, described air communication channel includes that being formed at described axle keeps
Groove on the outer surface of sleeve.
Axle the most according to claim 1 keeps sleeve, and wherein, described air communication channel includes prolonging from described front-end surface
Extend the through hole that described axle keeps the opposite end surface of sleeve.
4. keeping sleeve according to the axle described in any one of claims 1 to 3, including attachment part, this attachment part is arranged on institute
Stating axle and keep on the outer surface of sleeve, this attachment part is constructed so that hanger can be relative to described attachment part attaching with tear open
Unload.
5. keep sleeve according to the axle described in any one of Claims 1-4, including the gripping being arranged on described exposed division
Portion.
6. keep sleeve according to the axle described in any one of claim 1 to 5, including at least keeping opening of sleeve at described axle
Surface hardened layer portion at oral area, the end of described jack-post keeps the described peristome of sleeve to be inserted into the holding of described axle from described axle
In sleeve.
Axle the most according to claim 6 keeps sleeve, and wherein, the Vickers hardness in described Surface hardened layer portion equals to or more than
HV1200。
Axle the most according to claim 1 keeps sleeve, including:
Tubular outer sleeve, this outer sleeve is applicable to be fixed to described compressor；And
Inner sleeve, this inner sleeve is arranged on inside described outer sleeve, and this inner sleeve is configured to receive described jack-post
End and be arranged as contacting with the radially enlarged section of described jack-post,
Wherein, described outer sleeve and described inner sleeve are provided with snap-in structure, this snap-in structure be configured to prevent described in
Portion's sleeve is relative to the relative movement on the direction contrary with the compression direction that described jack-post is compressed of described outer sleeve.
Axle the most according to claim 8 keeps sleeve, and wherein, described snap-in structure is arranged on the inner circumferential of described outer sleeve
On the outer surface of surface and described inner sleeve.
Axle the most according to claim 9 keeps sleeve, and wherein, described snap-in structure includes ring-type jog.
11. axles according to claim 10 keep sleeve, and wherein, each recess of described snap-in structure and dimple configuration are
It is upwardly away from described outer sleeve and the central shaft of described inner sleeve in the side contrary with described compression direction and extends.
12. axles according to claim 11 keep sleeve, wherein, the inner peripheral surface of described outer sleeve and described internal sleeve
The outer surface of cylinder is formed as being upwardly away from described outer sleeve and described inner sleeve in the side contrary with described compression direction
Central shaft and the conical by its shape that extends.
13. keep sleeve, wherein, described snap-in structure each recessed according to the axle described in any one of claim 10 to 12
The degree of depth in portion and the height of each protuberance are equal to or more than 50 μm and 1% of the external diameter equal to or less than described inner sleeve.
14. according to Claim 8 to 13 any one described in axle keep sleeve, including at least opening at described inner sleeve
Surface hardened layer portion at oral area, the end of described jack-post is inserted into described axle from the described peristome of described inner sleeve and keeps set
In Tong.
15. axles according to claim 14 keep sleeve, and wherein, the Vickers hardness in described Surface hardened layer portion equals to or more than
HV1200。
16. 1 kinds of diameter of axle expansion instrument, including:
Sleeve is kept, to keep each end of jack-post a pair according to the axle described in any one of claim 1 to 15；
Compressor, this compressor has the mating holes keeping sleeve to be inserted respectively for the pair of axle, and this compressor constructs
For compressing the described jack-post that each end is kept sleeve to keep by the pair of axle in the axial direction of described jack-post；And
Load generates equipment, and this load generates equipment and is configured to described to each end with on the described direction axially intersected
The pars intermedia of the described jack-post that one countershaft holding sleeve keeps applies alternate load.
17. 1 kinds of fixtures for diameter of axle expansion instrument according to claim 16, this fixture includes installing surface, works as institute
Stating axle keeps sleeve when being inserted in described mating holes, and described axle keeps sleeve to be arranged on this installation surface,
Wherein, when described fixture is attached to the opening edge of described mating holes, described installation surface coordinates with described
The inner peripheral surface in hole flushes.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014-056520 | 2014-03-19 | ||
| JP2014056519A JP6427326B2 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | Shaft holding sleeve, shaft enlargement processing machine, and jig for shaft enlargement processing machine |
| JP2014-056519 | 2014-03-19 | ||
| JP2014056520A JP6360697B2 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | Shaft holding member for shaft enlargement processing |
| PCT/JP2015/058650 WO2015141865A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-03-17 | Shaft holding sleeve, shaft diameter enlarging apparatus and jig for shaft diameter enlarging apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106102954A true CN106102954A (en) | 2016-11-09 |
Family
ID=52814167
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580014839.3A Pending CN106102954A (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-03-17 | Axle keeps sleeve, diameter of axle expansion instrument and the fixture for diameter of axle expansion instrument |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160346828A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3119542B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106102954A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015141865A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3037189B1 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2018-11-07 | Ellwood National Investment Corp. | Net shaped forging for fluid end blocks |
| JP6560880B2 (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2019-08-14 | 高周波熱錬株式会社 | Mold for enlargement processing and enlargement processing method |
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| US3111327A (en) * | 1961-07-06 | 1963-11-19 | Ruehl Harold | Expansible and contractible work piece holder |
| US3534970A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1970-10-20 | Emuge Werk Richard Glimpel Fa | Self-locking fixtures |
| JP2000237832A (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 2000-09-05 | Iura:Kk | Method and device for expanding metal tube |
| EP1120178A1 (en) * | 1999-01-20 | 2001-08-01 | Iura Co., Ltd | Method and device for increasing diameter of metal shaft material |
| CN1329676A (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2002-01-02 | 通用电气公司 | Method for processing billets out of metals and alloys and article |
| JP2005211968A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Iura Tadashi Kenkyusho:Kk | Apparatus and method for processing thickened shaft part treatable to heating |
| CN1886211A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2006-12-27 | 昭和电工株式会社 | Forging method, forged article and forging apparatus |
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| CN202097337U (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-01-04 | 东莞诚兴五金制品有限公司 | Hexagon-headed bolt die |
| CN202825251U (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-03-27 | 安徽德锐仕机床制造有限公司 | Locating pin with air discharge duct |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3424000B2 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2003-07-07 | 株式会社いうら | Color molding equipment |
| EP1529584B1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2006-08-30 | Schunk GmbH & Co. KG Spann- und Greiftechnik | Bush for a Chuck and method of its manufacture |
| JP4927590B2 (en) * | 2007-02-19 | 2012-05-09 | 株式会社いうら | Axial hypertrophy processing machine |
| DE102008060374A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Franz Haimer Maschinenbau Kg | damping sleeve |
| JP5977530B2 (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2016-08-24 | 高周波熱錬株式会社 | Shaft holding unit used for shaft enlargement processing, shaft enlargement processing device, and shaft enlargement processing method using the same |
-
2015
- 2015-03-17 US US15/117,293 patent/US20160346828A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-17 CN CN201580014839.3A patent/CN106102954A/en active Pending
- 2015-03-17 EP EP15714685.3A patent/EP3119542B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-17 WO PCT/JP2015/058650 patent/WO2015141865A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3111327A (en) * | 1961-07-06 | 1963-11-19 | Ruehl Harold | Expansible and contractible work piece holder |
| US3534970A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1970-10-20 | Emuge Werk Richard Glimpel Fa | Self-locking fixtures |
| CN1329676A (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2002-01-02 | 通用电气公司 | Method for processing billets out of metals and alloys and article |
| EP1120178A1 (en) * | 1999-01-20 | 2001-08-01 | Iura Co., Ltd | Method and device for increasing diameter of metal shaft material |
| JP2000237832A (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 2000-09-05 | Iura:Kk | Method and device for expanding metal tube |
| CN1886211A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2006-12-27 | 昭和电工株式会社 | Forging method, forged article and forging apparatus |
| JP2005211968A (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Iura Tadashi Kenkyusho:Kk | Apparatus and method for processing thickened shaft part treatable to heating |
| JP4610202B2 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社いうら | Heat-treatable shaft enlargement processing equipment |
| CN201486982U (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2010-05-26 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | Lining arranged in blind hole |
| CN202097337U (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-01-04 | 东莞诚兴五金制品有限公司 | Hexagon-headed bolt die |
| CN202825251U (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-03-27 | 安徽德锐仕机床制造有限公司 | Locating pin with air discharge duct |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3119542A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| US20160346828A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
| EP3119542B1 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
| WO2015141865A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20161109 |
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