CN106099638B - A kind of Distributed Feedback Laser frequency-stabilizing method based on current control - Google Patents
A kind of Distributed Feedback Laser frequency-stabilizing method based on current control Download PDFInfo
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- CN106099638B CN106099638B CN201610625913.1A CN201610625913A CN106099638B CN 106099638 B CN106099638 B CN 106099638B CN 201610625913 A CN201610625913 A CN 201610625913A CN 106099638 B CN106099638 B CN 106099638B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
- H01S5/0683—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring the optical output parameters
- H01S5/0687—Stabilising the frequency of the laser
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Distributed Feedback Laser frequency-stabilizing method based on current control, utilize Distributed Feedback Laser current-tuning characteristic, wavelength-electric current is carried out using genetic programming algorithm to model, to set Distributed Feedback Laser frequency stabilization DC operation environment, and saturation-absorption spectrum signal is obtained based on saturated absorption principle, the odd harmonic differential error signal containing frequency information is obtained using phase sensitive detection principle, the error signal is subjected to pid control parameter optimization using genetic algorithm, realize fast and quasi- adaptive frequency locking control, take into account the high advantage of saturated absorption frequency stabilization precision frequency stabilization, laser frequency can be reached and keep high-accuracy stable for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of laser frequency stabilization, and in particular to a kind of Distributed Feedback Laser based on current control is steady
Frequency method.
Background technique
The Distributed Feedback Laser feature good due to compact-sized shockproof properties, Atomic Physics experiment in usually as pumping with
Detect laser.Distributed Feedback Laser is a kind of being directly injected into property of carrier device, and Distributed Feedback Laser has good electric current tuning special
Property, therefore Distributed Feedback Laser Injection Current and frequency relation are studied, and carry out frequency stabilization control with important using the relationship
Meaning.
Common Distributed Feedback Laser frequency-stabilizing method has the graceful frequency stabilization of match, saturated absorption frequency stabilization, the rotation frequency stabilization of faraday's light etc., these
The common feature of frequency stabilization system is design PID control loop building servo-control system, and traditional frequency stabilization PID servo controller is logical
Frequently with setting experience P, I parameter value or need to manually adjust PI parameter realization frequency locking link for a long time, and this process
Slow and accuracy is low, and cause cannot quick frequency locking；And in above-mentioned several frequency-stabilizing methods, although saturated absorption method precision frequency stabilization
Height, but there is also be not easy to frequency locking, be easy losing lock for discovery in saturated absorption method frequency stabilization experiment.
The prior art " RbAtom Zeeman Modulation frequency stabilized semiconductor laser ", " in conjunction with Zeemen effect and saturated absorption technology
DFB laser frequency stabilizing system design " be the frequency-stabilizing method for combining zeeman frequency stabilization with saturated absorption frequency stabilization, control still
Using the method for classical simulation PID control, although this method compensates for the interference of zeeman frequency stabilization frequency stabilization background of doppler, precision is low
The problem of, however after electric current changes or laser output wavelength and current model is caused to change for ambient temperature variation,
Control is there is no guarantee that optimal real-time control.By the present invention in that can be built in real time to laser with genetic planning intelligent algorithm
Mould, and control parameter is optimized in real time by genetic algorithm, it can solve the problems in above-mentioned.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is variety classes laser or even same type laser different model
Micro-structure difference can all cause the difference of laser output frequency, power characteristic under identical working environment, in addition work as laser
Device works in different temperatures difference electric current, and output laser frequency, power can also change, and the present invention uses heredity first
Algorithm has carried out real-time modeling to laser, and obtains odd harmonic using the highest saturated absorption frequency stabilization method of precision frequency stabilization
After error signal, pid control parameter optimization is carried out using genetic planning, realizes adaptive frequency stabilization control.
The present invention solves the technical solution that above-mentioned technical problem uses are as follows: a kind of Distributed Feedback Laser based on current control is steady
Frequency method, this method carries out wavelength-electric current to laser in real time using genetic programming algorithm and models, accurate using model built
Setting laser frequency stabilization environment dc point, including current value, temperature value；Use the background of doppler saturated absorption light that disappears
Saturation-absorption spectrum signal is switched to odd harmonic error signal by road and phase sensitive detection principle；Use genetic algorithm optimization PID
Control parameter is realized and controls optimization under various lasers different operating environment, fastly quasi- frequency locking.
Specific frequency-stabilizing method is as follows:
Step 1: carrying out wavelength-current relationship to Distributed Feedback Laser used in frequency stabilization using genetic programming algorithm first and model,
The DC operation environment to steady Frequency point is determined using the model, is tested based on saturated absorption frequency stabilization, therefore selected Frequency point is
Frequency values at saturated absorption peak；
Step 2: adjustment Distributed Feedback Laser current controller, temperature controller make it export the obtained electric current of step 1
Value, temperature value, superposition swept-frequency signal are obtained saturation-absorption spectrum signal, store and led to using microprocessor and host computer
Letter, shows saturation-absorption spectrum signal in matlab；
Step 3: the saturation-absorption spectrum signal obtained to step 2 is modulated, and using phase sensitive detection principle, passes through lock
Phase amplification module and filter module export odd harmonic error signal, store the signal, and using microprocessor and host computer into
Row communication, shows once differentiation error signal in matlab；
Step 4: the error signal that step 3 obtains optimizes PID control using genetic programming algorithm in matlab
Device parameter is designed fitness function using overshoot, adjustment time, rise time as majorized function, P, I ginseng after optimization
Number, which is sent back to, realizes Digital PID Controller in microprocessor, control signal is output to Injection Current end by DAC, realizes closed loop
Frequency control, compares conventional PID control device, has more adaptivity.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that: the advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
(1) present invention can not only reduce frequency locking using genetic planning intelligent algorithm to wavelength-current relationship Accurate Model
Process frequency range of search, and Frequency point is accurately picked up using current value after losing lock, it is steady to overcome saturated absorption method
Frequency frequency locking difficult problem.
(2) present invention realizes adaptive frequency stability contorting using Genetic Algorithm for PID Parameter Optimization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart modeled using genetic programming algorithm to wavelength-electric current.
Fig. 2 is saturated absorption frequency stabilization optical path, wherein 1 is DFB, and 2 be 1/2 λ wave plate, and 3 be the first PBS, and 4 be ISO, and 5 be the
Two PBS, 6 be photodetector, and 7 be 1/4 λ wave plate, and 8 be bubble, and 9 be plane mirror.
Fig. 3 is the saturated absorption frequency stabilization method SERVO CONTROL flow chart based on current control.
Fig. 4 is the saturated absorption frequency stabilization flow chart based on current control.
Fig. 5 is the structural block diagram that frequency stabilization is realized based on wavelength-electric current modeling.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment further illustrates the present invention.
As shown in figure 5, mainly including four modules the present invention is based on wavelength-current model frequency-stabilizing method, heredity is used
Algorithm models wavelength-electric current, obtains saturation-absorption spectrum signal based on saturated absorption frequency stabilization principle, is based on phase sensitive detection
Principle obtains once differentiation error signal, is optimized using genetic algorithm to pid control parameter, realizes self adaptive control.It ties below
Attached drawing is closed to illustrate frequency-stabilizing method of the invention.
Since laser works condition is different, even small architectural difference can all cause model error, and heredity is calculated
Method is that one kind does not need any priori knowledge, and the adaptive calculation of accurate model just can be obtained in the data measured by actual experiment
Method.Modeling procedure is carried out with genetic planning for what the present invention illustrated as shown in Figure 1, it is first determined uses institute during genetic planning
The termination set that needs, collection of functions, in order to keep model built accurate, present invention combination semiconductor laser is theoretical, and formula 1 is shown
Semiconductor laser carrier's rate equation is positively correlated due to obtaining laser output power during the experiment with frequency,
Final wavelength-current model is as shown in formula 2 after optimization, from the model it is found that Distributed Feedback Laser output frequency is not only by electric current shadow
It rings, and temperature is to directly affecting, therefore more acurrate using genetic programming algorithm model built.The present invention sets termination set
T={ λ, I, T, m } (m is constant), collection of functions be+,-, * ,/, ln, exp,, fitness is set according to the least square thought
Function.Set genetic algebra, population quantity, the parameters such as duplication, intersection, mutation probability.Finally obtain accurate wavelength-current-mode
Type.
Wherein, P is laser output power, ηdFor quantum efficiency,M is constant, and I, T are that laser instantaneously works electricity
Stream, temperature value, IthFor threshold current, I0, T0For the corresponding operating current of threshold current, operating temperature value, λ is wavelength value.
During frequency stabilization, temperature is the constant in a certain range, therefore set temperature value is fixed value a, will be to frequency stabilization
In model obtained by rate point (atomic gas saturated absorption peak) is updated to, current value is obtained.Adjust current controller, temperature control
Device, using the electric current, temperature as the DC quantity of frequency stabilization environment.
It is illustrated in figure 2 saturated absorption frequency stabilization optical path, including DFB1,1/2 λ wave plate 2, the first PBS 3, ISO 4, second
PBS 5,6,1/4 λ wave plate 7 of photodetector, bubble 8 and plane mirror 9；For the interference for the background of doppler that disappears, saturated absorption
Spectrum is obtained by difference photodetector, mainly includes that laser is arranged by above-mentioned operating condition, injects endlap to electric current
Triangular wave swept frequency signal is added to obtain saturation-absorption spectrum signal.
It is illustrated in figure 3 based on current control servo module, mainly includes that module, triangular signal occur for sine wave signal
Module, locking phase amplification module, pid control module occurs.Module occurs for sine wave signal, triangular wave generator module is all made of micro- place
It manages device control and realizes that locking phase amplification module is realized using program, actual functional capability is multiplier and filter, and ADC acquires photoelectricity
The saturation-absorption spectrum signal of detector output simultaneously stores in memory, by the modulated saturation-absorption spectrum signal and together
Frequency is multiplied with the sine wave signal of phase, and after digital filtering algorithm, high-frequency signal is filtered out, and obtained signal is first harmonic
Error signal.
Laser output wavelength-current model changes when laser difference or when working environment changes,
It is laser frequency is fast and quasi- lock to steady Frequency point, is needing to be directed in order to realize optimum control for different situations
Different models adjust laser pid parameter, therefore invention introduces the Adaptive PID Controls based on genetic algorithm.It is specific: from
Dissipate PID controller expression formula:
Wherein, U (k) is to export controlling value, k at the k momentp, ki, kdFor ratio, integral, differential coefficient, e (k) and e (k-1) is
The error amount at current time and last moment.
In order to use genetic algorithm optimization dynamic performance index, overshoot, rise time, regulating time summation are selected
Expression formula is the objective function in genetic algorithm:
Wherein σm, trm, tsmRespectively overshoot, adjustment time, the maximum value of rise time.J is target function value.
Adaptive response function:
Fit=1/J (5)
Wherein a1、a2、a3For weight, usually according to size between actual conditions distribution three, but need to meet a1+a2+
a3=1.Priority control parameter of the present invention is ratio and integral, and weights assigned is mainly a1、a2。
Controlled device in the present invention is laser injected value of current, and wherein e (k) value is every time sampling differential error signal
Obtained value.Wavelength-current model according to obtained by being used above genetic planning determines pid control parameter range, then at this
Stochastic production parameter population in range.According to natural selections principles such as selection cross and variations in genetic algorithm, reach optimization P,
I, D control parameter effect realizes Optimal Control.
Fig. 4 show entire frequency stabilization system flow chart, and collected laser diode current, temperature, frequency, power data are existed
It is modeled in genetic planning program, obtains accurate wavelength-current model, calculated by Matlab to steady Frequency point work electricity
Stream and temperature value, which is input in microprocessor by serial mode and controls laser diode current controller, temperature
It spends controller and exports corresponding current value, temperature value.It controls triangular wave swept frequency signal and exports saturation-absorption spectrum signal, by locking phase
Once differentiation error signal is obtained after amplification module modulation /demodulation, signal ADC is acquired and is stored in a manner of array, simultaneously
Once differentiation error signal is sent to host computer using microprocessor serial ports, is shown in Matlab, and by being lost in Matlab
Propagation algorithm carries out pid parameter optimization, and final P, I parameter optimization result is sent back in microprocessor, and Digital PID Controller believes control
Number pass through DAC export return current injection end, realize laser frequency locking.
Fig. 5 show the structural block diagram that frequency stabilization is realized based on wavelength-electric current modeling, as seen from Figure 5 entire frequency stabilization
The key modules of journey, including genetic planning is to current-wavelength modeling module, saturated absorption method light path module, path length control module,
And Optimization about control parameter module is carried out using genetic algorithm.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Distributed Feedback Laser frequency-stabilizing method based on current control, it is characterised in that: this method is real using genetic programming algorithm
When wavelength-electric current carried out to laser model, the DC operation of laser frequency stabilization environment is accurately set using model built
Point, including current value, temperature value；Using disappear background of doppler saturated absorption optical path and phase sensitive detection principle by saturated absorption light
Spectrum signal switchs to odd harmonic error signal；Optimize pid control parameter using genetic programming algorithm, realizes that various lasers are different
It controls and optimizes under working environment, fast and quasi- frequency locking；
Specific frequency-stabilizing method is as follows:
Step 1: wavelength-current relationship is carried out to Distributed Feedback Laser used in frequency stabilization using genetic programming algorithm first and is modeled, is utilized
The model determines the DC operation environment to steady Frequency point, is tested based on saturated absorption frequency stabilization, therefore selected Frequency point is saturation
Frequency values at absorption peak；
Step 2: adjustment Distributed Feedback Laser current controller, temperature controller make it export the obtained current value of step 1, temperature
Angle value, superposition swept-frequency signal are obtained saturation-absorption spectrum signal, store and communicated using microprocessor with host computer,
Saturation-absorption spectrum signal is shown in Matlab；
Step 3: the saturation-absorption spectrum signal obtained to step 2 is modulated, and using phase sensitive detection principle, is put by locking phase
Big module and filter module export odd harmonic error signal, store the signal, and led to using microprocessor and host computer
Letter, shows once differentiation error signal in Matlab；
Step 4: the error signal that step 3 obtains optimizes PID controller using genetic programming algorithm in Matlab and joins
Number, is designed fitness function using overshoot, adjustment time, rise time as majorized function, P, I parameter after optimization are sent
It returns in microprocessor and realizes Digital PID Controller, control signal is output to Injection Current end by DAC, realizes closed loop frequency
Conventional PID control device is compared in control, has more adaptivity.
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| CN107453203A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-08 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of miniaturization saturation-absorption spectrum device for semiconductor laser |
| CN107546571A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-01-05 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of pump light frequency-stabilizing method for SERF atomic spin gyroscopes |
| CN110515290B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2020-12-22 | 北京大学 | Laser frequency stabilization method and optical system for improving performance of optical pumping cesium beam atomic clock |
| CN111044954B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2022-04-12 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Multimodal closed-loop non-directional blind area CPT magnetic measurement method |
| CN112362614B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2023-09-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Current injection type DFB laser array continuous sweep driving method and measuring light path |
| CN112600070B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-03-04 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Laser accurate frequency stabilization system and method for SERF magnetometer |
| CN112615251A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Laser frequency and power dual-stabilization method and device for atomic gyroscope |
| CN112968353B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-03-08 | 吉林大学 | Driving method of driving system for pumping source of ultrashort pulse laser |
| CN115275772B (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-12-16 | 南京旭奥科技有限公司 | TDLAS technology-based specific time laser wavelength control method and device |
| CN115275774B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-16 | 南京旭奥科技有限公司 | Wavelength control method and system of semiconductor laser in TDLAS application |
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| KR100753816B1 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-08-31 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Laser diode giving passive mode locking and method of making optical pulse using the same diode |
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| CN2840417Y (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2006-11-22 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Intelligent atom-molecule frequency stabilization semiconductor laser |
| CN102593715A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Frequency stabilizing device of semiconductor laser and adjusting method thereof |
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