CN106099387B - The graphene polarization converter that three frequencies work is tunable - Google Patents
The graphene polarization converter that three frequencies work is tunable Download PDFInfo
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- CN106099387B CN106099387B CN201610416043.7A CN201610416043A CN106099387B CN 106099387 B CN106099387 B CN 106099387B CN 201610416043 A CN201610416043 A CN 201610416043A CN 106099387 B CN106099387 B CN 106099387B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
Abstract
Work tunable graphene polarization converter the invention discloses a kind of three frequencies, the converter includes the polarization converter and is made of multiple polarization three-dimensional elements, multiple polarization three-dimensional elements are in horizontal positioned, and the upper and lower surface of multiple polarization three-dimensional elements is on same horizontal plane；Each polarization three-dimensional element includes layer gold, the silica separation layer positioned at interlayer and the graphene layer positioned at the top layer positioned at the bottom, layer gold, silica separation layer and graphene layer three fix successively from the bottom to top, and multiple punchings are offered on graphene layer.The improvement of the of the invention structure so that the polarization converter in working frequency range there are three can working frequency, the optical rotation rate at each working frequency is more than 75%, and two of which working frequency is close to 100%, and it is tunable to polarize working band.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tunable graphene optical rotations of photoelectron technical field more particularly to a kind of work of three frequencies
Parallel operation.
Background technology
With the opto-electronic device that nanometer technique manufactures, performance is significantly better than traditional electronic device, has as follows
Advantage：1. operating rate is fast, the operating rate of nano photoelectronic devices is 1000 times of silicon device, thus properties of product can be made big
Amplitude improves.2. low in energy consumption, the power consumption of micro-nano opto-electronic device is only the 1/1000 of silicon device.And (wavelength infrared in
3-30 μm) fast development of Science and Technology, to the key micro-nano device of the wave band, including laser, detector, modulator
And the demand of types of functionality device is also constantly rising.
Polarization converter is the one of which Primary Component of middle infrared technique.Electromagnetism Meta Materials due to can by structure,
Flexile control is realized in amplitude, phase, polarization and the propagation of the selection centering infrared waves such as size and material, provides one
Kind realizes the effective way of infrared polarization switching device in different type and parameter.Regulation and control for middle infrared waves polarization state, can
By the change in the form of infrared wave polarization in anisotropy, chirality and double anisotropy realization using Meta Materials, that is, realize polarization
Conversion.
In the prior art, Hua Cheng et al. propose a kind of polarization converter based on L-type plasma flat antenna.
The technical solution uses L-type graphene, and realizing can be in the conversion of the linearly polarized light of single frequency vertical direction.
Jun Ding et al. are once based on another polarization converter based on L-type plasma flat antenna of proposition.The skill
Art scheme uses the L-type grooving of single-layer graphene, realizes the conversion of the linearly polarized light of the vertical direction of two frequencies.
But it is current there is not yet the middle tunable polarization converter of infrared multi-frequency rate on the market, and can not achieve three
Frequency works at the same time.
2004, Univ Manchester UK physicist An Deliehaimu and Constantine's Nuo Woxiao loves, into
Graphene is isolated from graphite in an experiment, so as to confirm that it can be opened with individualism from this academia and engineering circles work(
Begun to graphene application exploration.As a kind of electromagnetism Meta Materials, graphene has become the research heat in middle infrared technique field
Point.
The english abbreviation of optical rotation rate is PCR, and English is polarization conversion ratio.
The content of the invention
For shortcoming present in above-mentioned technology, the present invention provides a kind of three frequencies work tunable graphene
Polarization converter, the polarization converter in working frequency range there are three can working frequency, the optical rotation at each working frequency
Rate is more than 75%, and two of which working frequency is close to 100%, and it is tunable to polarize working band.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of three frequencies work tunable graphene polarization converter, should
Polarization converter is made of multiple polarization three-dimensional elements, and multiple polarization three-dimensional elements are in horizontal positioned, and multiple polarizations are three-dimensional single
The upper and lower surface of member is on same horizontal plane；
Each polarization three-dimensional element includes the layer gold positioned at the bottom, the silica separation layer positioned at interlayer and is located at
The graphene layer of the top layer, the layer gold, silica separation layer and graphene layer three fix successively from the bottom to top, and institute
It states and multiple punchings is offered on graphene layer.
Wherein, the thickness of the layer gold is at 0.1 μm or so, and the thickness of the silica separation layer is 1.1 μm, and it is situated between
Electric constant is 2.1.
Wherein, the preparation method of the graphene layer is：By p=0.175 μm of square graphene of the length of side, symmetrically prescind
Two pieces of wide w=65nm, long L=140nm obtain the graphene layer after the rectangle graphene of gathering d=10nm.
Wherein, the rectangle graphene of the width w=65nm, long L=140nm, gathering d=10nm are the punching；And
The punching is rectangular-shaped；And form ARROW structure between the punching and graphene layer.
Wherein, in the range of frequency 35THz-40.7THz, the optical rotation rate of the polarization converter has three peaks
Value；And these three peak values are respectively 35THz, 38THz and 40.7THz.
Wherein, the optical rotation rate of the peak value 35THz is about 80%；The optical rotation rate of the peak value 38THz connects
Nearly 100%, and the also optical rotation rate of the peak value 40.7THz is close to 100%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Compared with prior art, the tunable stone of three frequencies work provided by the invention
Black alkene polarization converter, polarization converter are made of multiple polarization three-dimensional elements, and each polarization three-dimensional element includes being located at most
The layer gold of bottom, the silica separation layer positioned at interlayer and the graphene layer positioned at the top layer are opened up on graphene layer
There are multiple punchings.The improvement of the structure so that the polarization converter in working frequency range there are three can working frequency, in each work
Optical rotation rate at working frequency is more than 75%, and two of which working frequency is close to 100%, and polarize working band can
Tuning.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that three-dimensional element is polarized in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the graphene polarization converter that three frequencies work are tunable in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of graphene layer in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the PCR result figures of polarization converter in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the reflectivity design sketch of polarization converter in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the PCR result figures after the fermi level regulation and control of polarization converter in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure at three resonant frequencies of polarization converter in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the absorption figure of polarization converter SOP-A and SOP-B in the present invention.
Main element symbol description is as follows：
1st, polarization converter 10, polarization three-dimensional element
101st, layer gold 102, silica separation layer
103rd, graphene layer 1031, punching.
Specific embodiment
In order to more clearly state the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Please refer to Fig.1-3, of the invention three frequencies work tunable graphene polarization converter, the polarization converter
1 be made of multiple polarization three-dimensional elements 10, and multiple polarization three-dimensional elements 10 are in horizontal positioned, and multiple polarization three-dimensional elements 10
Upper and lower surface is on same horizontal plane；
Each polarization three-dimensional element 0 includes the layer gold 101 positioned at the bottom, the silica separation layer positioned at interlayer
102 and the graphene layer 103 positioned at the top layer, layer gold 101, silica separation layer 102 and 103 three of graphene layer are under
It is supreme to fix successively, and multiple punchings 1031 are offered on graphene layer.
Compared to the situation of the prior art, three frequencies provided by the invention work tunable graphene polarization conversion
Device, polarization converter 1 are made of multiple polarization three-dimensional elements 10, and each polarization three-dimensional element 10 includes the gold positioned at the bottom
Layer 101, the silica separation layer 102 positioned at interlayer and the graphene layer 103 positioned at the top layer, on graphene layer 103
Offer multiple punchings 1031.The improvement of the structure so that the polarization converter in working frequency range there are three can working frequency,
Optical rotation rate at each working frequency is more than 75%, and two of which working frequency is close to 100%, and polarizes work
It is tunable to make frequency band.
In the present embodiment, for the thickness of layer gold 101 at 0.1 μm or so, the thickness of silica separation layer 102 is 1.1 μm,
And its dielectric constant is 2.1.Certainly, above-mentioned thickness is not limited in this case, can be improved according to actual needs.
Fig. 1 is the schematic three dimensional views of a unit of the polarization converter the present invention is based on rectangular configuration；Actual polarization
Converter is the model that extends around using the unit as the cycle, such as the effect of Fig. 2 3X3 provided.The structure ratio of graphene layer
More complicated, the preparation method of graphene layer 103 is：By p=0.175 μm of square graphene of the length of side, two pieces of wide w are symmetrically prescinded
The graphene layer is obtained after the rectangle graphene of=65nm, long L=140nm, gathering d=10nm.Wide w=65nm, long L=
The rectangle graphene of 140nm, gathering d=10nm are the punching；And punching is rectangular-shaped；And between punching and graphene layer
Form ARROW structure.What is finally obtained is as shown in Figure 3.
Further referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 gives PCR value, as seen from the figure, in the range of frequency 35THz-40.7THz,
There are three peak values for the optical rotation rate PCR tools of the polarization converter；And these three peak values are respectively 35THz (A points), 38THz (B
Point) and three peak values of 40.7THz (C points).Wherein PCR peak As are about 80%, and the PCR of peak value B, C is close to 100%, it is meant that
The incident light of these three frequencies excites the local plasmon resonance body in squaerial, incident light overwhelming majority quilt at formant
The x directions linearly polarized light perpendicular to former polarization direction is given off by the micro-nano structure on surface after its line absorption.Fig. 5 gives instead
Penetrate the result of calculation of rate, it can be seen that Rxx has minimum in three frequencies, i.e., is absorbed in three frequency x-polarisation lights.And Ryx
There is maximum in corresponding three frequencies, illustrate that x polarisations are converted at these three frequencies for y polarisations.Thus illustrate, pass through this
In three frequencies polarization conversion can occur for polarization converter terahertz light.Exactly because the present invention employs arrow-shaped day knot
Structure so that the quantity of operating mode increases as three.
Further referring to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is that (fermi level takes by changing the PCR result figures of fermi level tuning bandwidth
0.6eV, 0.7eV, 0.8eV, 0.9eV, 1.0eV), as fermi level increases, operating bandwidth moves to right.This polarization converter energy
The reason for polarization conversion enough occurs can be illustrated by figure below.As shown in fig. 7, being from left to right graphene surface respectively in A, B, C
Distribution of Magnetic Field at three resonant frequencies.It can be seen that for each resonant frequency, it can regard the magnetic field inside arrow as
Caused by the concussion of the effect of coupling, i.e. graphene surface plasma.It is specific to prove that formula may be referred to document [3], Bludov
Y V,Vasilevskiy M I,Peres N M R.Tunable graphene-based polarizer[J].Journal
of Applied Physics,2012,112(8):084320-084320-5。
If as shown in fig. 7, via two beam polarization directions respectively with x-axis in 45 degree (SOP-A) and -45 spend (SOP-B)
Incident light, graphene surface plasma effect causes this two-beam to have a RESONANCE ABSORPTION point, and if resonance absorption frequency
Very close to, then can couple, generate polarization conversion effect.The result of calculation of this polarization converter under such condition such as Fig. 8
It is shown.As can be seen that the RESONANCE ABSORPTION point of two-beam is very close to and SOP-B meets document [2] there are two resonance absorption frequency
Pointed effect condition, so as to further prove that three frequency polarization conversions can occur for our device.The document is：
Jun Ding,et al.,Mid-Infrared Tunable Dual-Frequency Cross Polarization
Converters Using Graphene-Based L-Shaped Nanoslot Array,(2015)10:351–356。
Electromagnetic wave belongs to shear wave, and electric vector, magnetic vector and wave vector direction meet the right-hand rule.Wherein, electric vector is
The main reason for causing carrier collective motion in conductor and causing dielectric polorization.Therefore, can by incident electromagnetic wave and
The ratio of reflection electromagnetic wave electric field strength defines reflectivity.Two mutually orthogonal polarizations can be decomposed into view of electromagnetic wave
Direction, reflectivity can be written as the form of reflection matrix
Wherein
X, y are two mutually orthogonal linear polarization electromagnetic wave directions, and i, r represent incident electromagnetic wave and reflection electromagnetism respectively
Ripple.Rmn is equal to the ratio of reflection electromagnetic wave m directions electric field component Emr and incident electromagnetic wave n directions electric field component Eni, and φ mn are
Phase.In our model, due to symmetry, therefore Rmn=Rnm
Define Rxy and Rxy between phase difference be：
If incident electromagnetic wave is the linear polarization electromagnetic wave in y directions, then optical rotation rate PCR can be written as
During Rxy=0, PCR=0, it is meant that the incident light of y directions polarization is after reflection without x directions polarised light, no polarization
Transition effects.During Ryy=0, PCR=1, it is meant that the incident light of y directions polarization is after reflection without y directions polarised light, i.e. institute
It is x directions polarization to have reflected light, realizes 100% transfer efficiency of the linearly polarized light of mutually perpendicular direction.0<PCR<When 1,
Reflected light contains there are two types of polarization direction component, is elliptically polarized light.Polarization is realized since PCR directly reflects flat plane antenna
Level, therefore be used as the main performance index of polarization converter.The above-mentioned computational methods for PCR in invention.And Fig. 4,
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 are the figures obtained by this calculation.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this, any ability
What the technical staff in domain can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- The tunable graphene polarization converter 1. a kind of three frequencies work, the polarization converter is by multiple polarization three-dimensional elements Composition, multiple polarization three-dimensional elements are in horizontal positioned, and the upper and lower surface of multiple polarization three-dimensional elements is in same horizontal plane On；It is characterized in that, each polarization three-dimensional element includes the layer gold positioned at the bottom, the silica separation layer positioned at interlayer With the graphene layer positioned at the top layer, the layer gold, silica separation layer and graphene layer three are solid successively from the bottom to top It is fixed, and multiple punchings are offered on the graphene layer；The thickness of the layer gold at 0.1 μm, the silica separation layer Thickness is 1.1 μm, and its dielectric constant is 2.1；The preparation method of the graphene layer is：By p=0.175 μm of pros of the length of side Shape graphene symmetrically prescinds two pieces of wide w=65nm, the stone is obtained after the rectangle graphene of long L=140nm, gathering d=10nm Black alkene layer；The rectangle graphene of the width w=65nm, long L=140nm, gathering d=10nm are the punching；And it described beats Hole is rectangular-shaped；And form ARROW structure between the punching and graphene layer；In the range of frequency 35THz-40.7THz, The optical rotation rate of the polarization converter has three peak values；And these three peak values are respectively 35THz, 38THz and 40.7THz； The optical rotation rate of the peak value 35THz is about 80%；The optical rotation rate of the peak value 38THz is and described close to 100% The optical rotation rate of peak value 40.7THz is close to 100%.
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| CN107240781B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2023-03-24 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Tunable-frequency broadband circularly polarized converter based on graphene |
| CN108802862B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-09-15 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | Reflection type circularly polarized planar super lens based on graphene super surface |
| CN108777368A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-09 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | Surpass the reflective circular polarization plane super lens on surface based on graphene |
| CN109491109A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of adjustable polarization converter based on the double-deck G shape graphene micro-structure |
| CN110568624B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-06-04 | 复旦大学 | Polarization conversion device based on angular dispersion principle |
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