CN106096793A - The charging electric vehicle decision method that periodicity based on congestion aware optimizes - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention is to provide the charging electric vehicle decision method that a kind of periodicity based on congestion aware optimizes.One, the electric automobile in traveling sends charge request to mster-control centre.Two, mster-control centre forms a list comprising all charging stations, selects a charging station the shortest and notifies electric automobile.Three, electric automobile receives charging programmed decision-making, and confirms charging station place.Four, when electric automobile travels to selected charging station, electric automobile arrives time and the charging interval of charging station to mster-control centre by periodically sending.Five, the mster-control centre's new and old decision comparison to charging station.New charging decision can be notified to electric automobile.Six, electric automobile drives towards newly selected charging station, the most periodically reports to mster-control centre that its corresponding mobile status updates.Seven, step 4 to six can be repeated until that electric automobile arrives charging station.It should be noted that the renewal of this decision-making may the most repeatedly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charging decision method of electric automobile.Specifically a kind of based on mobile uncertain
The charging scheme of the periodicity optimization of property manages the method for the charging plan of electric automobile.
Background technology
At present about in the open report of charging electric vehicle decision method, the stressing of main research work is to stop mould
Under formula, the energy scheduling for electric automobile manages, i.e. charging station determines when electric automobile is carried out charge/discharge management, to reach
Technical goal to the Peak power use amount of mild whole electrical network.Owing to the charging electric vehicle time is longer, therefore with optimal plan
The charging place slightly selecting electric automobile becomes distinct issues the most.
Even if based on existing rapid nitriding, the charging interval of electric automobile typically can exceed dozens of minutes.Generally
For, electric automobile can select to have high availability such as the charging station of minimum queuing time.But, plan chosen by such charging station
Slightly it is likely to cause a large amount of electric automobile to drive towards same charging station simultaneously, thus causes this charging station to block up.If will
The mobility information of electric automobile (include electric automobile by with how long arriving selected charging station, and how long it needs
Time rushes the factors such as full battery electric quantity completely) take into account, just charging station situation within certain time in future can be carried out
Prediction, thus effectively alleviate the congestion problems of this charging station.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of when considering electric automobile during traveling of caused congested due to city traffic
Between probabilistic periodicity based on congestion aware optimize charging electric vehicle decision method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Step one: when the electric automobile under driving mode needs charging, sends charge request to mster-control centre；
Step 2: after mster-control centre receives the charge request of electric automobile, according to the information of charging station existing in network,
Comprehensively choose and at one, meet filling of electric automobile that the shortest charging station of this electric automobile total travel time charges as this request
Electricity planning place, and feed back to this electric automobile；
Step 3: electric automobile receives the charging planning place coming from mster-control centre, and confirms backward master control
Charging subscription information is issued at center；
Step 4, electric automobile, when the charging station subscribed travels, periodically sends its charging and moves to mster-control centre
Dynamic property information updating；
Step 5, mster-control centre is based on the charging reservation property information updating received and the letter of the charging station monitored in real time
Breath, makes the new charging decision for the electric automobile sending this charging subscription information, the relatively more current new charging in mster-control centre
Decision-making and charging planning place before this, if the charging station that current new charging decision is chosen is more conducive to reduce electric automobile head office
The journey time, mster-control centre sends new charging decision to electric automobile；
Step 6, after electric automobile receives new charging decision, cancels charging planning place before this, and drives towards new charging certainly
The charging station that plan is selected, electric automobile periodically reports to mster-control centre that its corresponding mobility information updates；
Step 7: step 4 repeats to step 6 always, until electric automobile eventually arrives at charging station and starts waiting and fill
Electricity.
The present invention lays particular emphasis on the charging planning management under driving mode for the electric automobile in travelling, and i.e. plans in where
It is charged, charges the technical goal of waiting time and total travel time thereof reaching to reduce user.Mster-control centre is by right
The real-time monitoring of charge station information, during the charge request of the electric automobile in receiving transport condition, the integrated network overall situation is believed
Breath, systematically plans the charging place of this electric automobile.
The present invention considers the impact of traffic, and is modeled jam situation.In some wagon flow high concentration
Area, electric automobile then needs lull or deceleration, until the traffic on travel is eased.Therefore, electricity
Electrical automobile probably cannot be according to the prior designated time, and the vehicle driving that do not upgrades in time in mster-control centre in particular is believed
Charging station is arrived in the case of breath.And constantly electric automobile during traveling information is updated, then can improve and select charging station
Accuracy, thus the driving experience quality of electric automobile user is improved by the charging programmed decision-making of dynamic optimization.
In step one, when dump energy is less than charge threshold, electric automobile just sends charge request to charging station.
In step 2, mster-control centre is to charging station monitoring states all in network, and its state is included in charging station
Etc. electric automobile quantity to be charged and required charging interval, and the electric automobile quantity that has been in charged state and charging
Time.
Charging station is divided into all charging slots all free time, part charging slot idle and the most occupied three kinds of shapes of charging slot
State.Mster-control centre, according to charging station states all in network, comprehensively chooses charging station optimum at.And charging station is permissible
Use parallel modes based on many charging slots that electric automobile is charged.This technology makes the mster-control centre can be reasonably
Charging electric vehicle planning is scheduling, effectively and fifty-fifty makes full use of power station resource, save user simultaneously and charge wait
Time and total travel time thereof.
Step 3 electric automobile will send its mobility information with following information to mster-control centre: electric automobile ID, fill
Power station ID and subscription information issue mster-control centre, and wherein subscription information includes: the 1. time of advent: electric automobile arrives charging
The time stood, it is designated as2. the charging interval is expected: in the expectation charging interval, be designated as3. stop duration: electric automobile exists
The parking duration of charging station.It should be noted that electric automobile may leave charging station in advance, although battery is not completely filled with,
It is designated as
Step 4 sets N in cityjamIndividual traffic congestion, block up place ljamIt is to randomly choose according to topology of city structure
's.RjamIt it is the radius of traffic congestion scope.For each travel in electric automobile for, its travel speed depend on it with
The distance in traffic congestion region.When the distance in the electric automobile in traveling and traffic congestion place changes, the traveling of electric automobile
Speed also will change therewith.If from the traffic congestion distance that electric automobile is nearestCompare RjamLittle, then now electric automobile
Real-time speed can reduce with random number λ, i.e.Q ∈ [0,1], whereinIt is that this is gathered around
Stifled zone velocity minima.If less thanThen VevLevel off to 0, i.e. electric automobile EVrNear traffic congestion ground dot center.If
Compare RjamGreatly, then electric automobile can accelerate to sail out of traffic congestion scope with a random number q.The uncertainty moved in view of vehicle,
The electric automobile translational speed changed on the road necessarily affects the accuracy of electric automobile mobility information.Can be according to traffic shape
The speed that condition causes changes and periodically carries out subscribing renewal adjustment so that the vehicle-mounted net ring of true road network is more pressed close in this research
Border.
Step 5 and six design one subscribe update mechanism, are i.e. sent subscription information and by master control by electric automobile
Charging electric vehicle plan is made and corresponding adjusted thus reduce electric automobile EV by more the newly arriving of the heartrThe machine of charging duration used
System.Concrete operations are similar to TCP/IP three-way handshake: after electric automobile sends charge request, and mster-control centre does through calculating
Go out charging station select and charging decision is returned to electric automobile.
Intensive for electric automobile, this charging planning algorithm of the City scenarios proposition that traffic pressure is bigger, comprehensively examine
Consider electric automobile during traveling to time of charging station and electric automobile in the waiting time of charging station, solved due to too much electricity
Electrical automobile concentrates the phenomenon of the charging station excessive congestion driving towards certain charging station charging and cause.Therefore the present invention more presses close to
Practical situation, can apply under real scene.
The present invention is to solve that electric automobile increases the charging scheduling problem faced below, it is proposed that consider mobility information more
The charging scheme sailing time uncertainty that new and traffic congestion is caused, comes the charging planning side of optimum management electric automobile
Case.
Under City scenarios, based on electric automobile charging mobility information and charging needed for parking duration and to filling
Power station makes a choice.Mster-control centre estimates the wait of charging electric vehicle according to the subscription information of its electric automobile received
Duration.In order to promote Consumer's Experience, to be selected to efficiently reduce the charging station of running car duration as far as possible.The wound of the present invention
New point is, has fully taken into account the charging modes parallel by multiple slots, utilizes electric automobile mobility information to update mould
Formula, and electric automobile may leave charging station before underfill battery electric quantity.
Owing to correlational study does not accounts for the mobile uncertainty of electric automobile before this, the present invention proposes a kind of by electronic
Automobile sends and passes through more newly arriving to make charging electric vehicle plan and corresponding adjusting thus reduce electronic of mster-control centre
The model of duration used by vehicle charging.Here use and periodically update, and when electric automobile is when running into the traffics such as traffic congestion
Its shift position can be issued update to mster-control centre.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention proposes a charging station dynamic realtime Choice, reduces electric automobile " stroke to greatest extent
Time ".Charging station is chosen decision-making and electric automobile is subscribed and updated take into account in the time of staying, its charging of charging station,
So it is possible not only to make mster-control centre obtain accurate information, but also electric automobile can be solved in the process of moving
Mobile uncertain problem.The mobile uncertainty of electric automobile can affect the accuracy of electric car subscription information, and the present invention
Reservation update mechanism just can efficiently solve this problem.This programme analog simulation result in Helsinki city of Finland shows
The advantage of motion of the present invention: subscribe and subscribe update mechanism can effectively save the charging electric vehicle waiting time and
Total travel time, and electric automobile moves probabilistic consideration and makes the present invention be more nearly true City scenarios.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method；
Fig. 2 is electric automobile in the present invention, charging station and mster-control centre's triadic relation figure；
The analogous diagram in Tu3Shi Helsinki city.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
At electric automobile random distribution and all by the unified City scenarios carrying out regulating and controlling in mster-control centre in the present invention.Electricity
Electrical automobile is equipped with communications service, makes to carry out lossless charge request between them mutual with the information of response.Each
Charging station is equipped with multiple charging slot, can charge a number of electric automobile parallel.
If the electricity of electric automobile is relatively low, then electric automobile is before going to destination, it is necessary to first go to charging station
It is charged.Charging electric vehicle scheduling, i.e. about the problem when and whether being charged, uses to arrive first here and first charges
Principle, the electric automobile the most first arriving charging station has higher charging priority.
If charging station charging slot is fully occupied the most, newly arrived electric automobile then needs certain electric automobile by the time
Charge complete and leave charging station.It should be noted that each electric automobile is limited at the duration that charging station stops, therefore
The electric automobile being in charged state probably left before underfill electricity.After leaving charging station, electric automobile will
Can advance to its destination with maximal rate.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 detailed description of the invention step is described:
Step one: the electric automobile in traveling needs charging, will send its charge request to mster-control centre: include ground
Point and traveling destination information.Charging station is in certain position, it is possible to use parallel charging technique based on many slots to electricity
Electrical automobile is charged.Mster-control centre is a centralized Charge Management entity, by receiving situation and the electricity of charging station
Charging station is made a choice by the reservation status of electrical automobile.
Step 2: mster-control centre, according to the information of charging station existing in network, comprehensively chooses and meets this electronic vapour at one
The shortest charging station of car total travel time plans place as the charging of the electric automobile of this request charging service, and by this decision-making
Feed back to electric automobile: at NcEach electric automobile in queue is completely filled with the time of electricity by the down time with electric motor car
Dev(r)Compare.DefinitionIt is total time-consuming that electric motor car for charging halfway arrives at the destination, EWTScsRepresent the waiting time,Represent EVrThe current location charging station that drives to select time-consuming,Represent and arrive the charging station time,Represent
EVrFrom charging station start running destination minimum time-consumingly,Complete to charge for electric automobile and sail out of the time of charging station.
WhenTime, represent EVrCan be at its last charging interval Dev(r)The most fully charged.Then
It is time-consumingly always:This represents that electric automobile can be fully charged within its down time.
Otherwise, it is considered to due to Dev(r)Restriction and underfill electricity situation, general provisions are time-consumingly by formula
Calculate.
During above-mentioned charging calculates, still there is (δ-NC) individual charging slot can use, TcurRepresent these available charging slots
Chargeable duration.It is then back to include the pot life list of charging station interface.Electric automobile is obtaining charging station charging slot
After pot life list, the first situation is i.e. in the case of charging station has vacant charging slot, and be not charged fills
Electricity groove will be placed on the LIST.GET foremost (0) returning list.Then LIST.GET (0) (is full of with charging duration above again
Or electricity is for fully charged) it is added and just can getAgain LIST.GET (0) is replaced withAnd return；In another feelings
Condition i.e. needs to be charged (at N at charging station etc. at electric automobilewQueue) in the case of, circulation operation according to FCFS order
Nw queue is classified by (prerequisite variable).Meanwhile, the earliest available time of each charging slot will arrange according to ascending order,
And via LIST.GET (0) by the earliest can be placed on list foremost.Obtain in the case of performing the first the most again
Algorithm after LIST.GET (0) thus obtainAnd return.
Step 3: its charging reservation status reported by electric automobile, including its time of advent, the desired charging interval and
It is contemplated that the time of staying of charging station: the mobile uncertainty of electric automobile electric automobile to be considered, it is possible to run into
Block up: in the present invention, city has NjamIndividual traffic congestion.The place l of these traffic congestionsjamBe according to topology of city structure with
Machine selects.For electric automobile in each travels, its travel speed depends on it and traffic congestion region
Distance.Find the traffic congestion that distance electric automobile is nearest.RjamIt it is the grade of traffic congestion.Only determine the place of traffic congestionIt
After, the travel speed of electric automobile just can change.This means the traffic congestion place that distance electric automobile is nearest.If from electricity
The traffic congestion distance that electrical automobile is nearestCompare RjamLittle, then travel speed S of electric automobileevCan reduce with random number λ.
Be given if metSo Sev0 can be become.This means that electric automobile is near traffic congestion placeCenter,
Therefore stop.IfCompare RjamGreatly, then electric automobile can be accelerated with a random number λ.This means electronic
Automobile has sailed out of traffic congestion scope.
Step 4: electric automobile is when selected charging station travels, and electric automobile can be by sending more to mster-control centre
Whether the charging station of inspection current selected of newly arriving is optimal selection.
Step 5: mster-control centre can compare the newly selected charging station and charging station before.If charging station before
It is unfavorable for reducing the total travel time of electric automobile, then mster-control centre will send new charging schedules to electric automobile.
Step 6: electric automobile can stop charging station forward and travel, and drives towards new charging station, during still can be to master control
Center processed reports that its corresponding mobility information updates.After electric automobile sends charge request, as long as mster-control centre is
Determine the charging station of charging electric vehicle, and decision returned to electric automobile, electric automobile will automobile ID, selected fill
Power station ID and following subscription information one piece are sent to mster-control centre:
(1) time of advent: willBe defined as electric automobile arrive charging station time:
HereBe electric automobile from current location the distance by nearest route running to selected charging station.Additionally,
TcurIt it is the current time.
(2) the expectation charging interval: definitionFor expecting the charging interval, it is calculated as follows:
Here,The energy consumed by electric automobile during traveling to charging station, it is by electric automobile during traveling
One meter and (depending on the dissimilar of electric automobile) that energy constant α that consumes determines.Therefore,
Being depending on charging station provides the electric automobile of electricity β to need the electricity of charging.
(3) parking duration: definition DevFor electric automobile at the parking duration of charging station.It should be noted that electric automobile can
Charging station can be left in advance, although battery is not completely filled with.
Step 7: step 4 to step 6 can be repeated until that electric automobile arrives charging station.It should be noted that this
Planting the renewal arranged can the most repeatedly.
Complete charging system for electric automobile emulation platform is erected under ONE.In fig. 2, with 4500 under default situations
× 3400 square metres of regions are the center, Helsinki city of Finland.Initial condition lower network has 240 30～50 kilometers/hour
The electric automobile of variable translational speed.The following charging specifications of configuration of electric automobile, and maximum capacitance, during maximum travel distance,
Charged state }.The electric automobile of configuration three types, each type has 80 electric automobiles.Additionally, whole emulation arranges 7
Charging station has enough electric energy, and is furnished with 5 charging simulated slots, uses 62kW quick charge power, and simulation time is 43100s
=12 hours.
Such as, Njam=30 there is traffic congestion in every 300 seconds at random, and in the range from 300 meters.Therefore, if its position
And traffic congestion between distance less than 300 meters, each electric automobile will adjust its translational speed.All of traffic congestion is from opening
Begin to continue 100s.Following performance indications are estimated:
Average charge waiting time, fully charged electric automobile quantity, average travel time, the quantity of decision-making change.?
The evaluation result of Helsinki city scheme shows the advantage of the inventive method: when electric automobile quantity is more, the present invention can
To be more reasonably scheduling electric automobile, saving the charging interval of electric automobile user, the resource making charging station can
Obtain Appropriate application.
Claims (5)
1. the charging electric vehicle decision method that periodicity based on congestion aware optimizes, is characterized in that:
Step one: when the electric automobile under driving mode needs charging, sends charge request to mster-control centre；
Step 2: after mster-control centre receives the charge request of electric automobile, according to the information of charging station existing in network, comprehensively
Choose the charging rule meeting the electric automobile that the shortest charging station of this electric automobile total travel time charges as this request at
Draw place, and feed back to this electric automobile；
Step 3: electric automobile receives the charging planning place coming from mster-control centre, and confirms backward mster-control centre
Issue charging subscription information；
Step 4, electric automobile, when the charging station subscribed travels, periodically sends its charging mobility to mster-control centre
Information updating；
Step 5, mster-control centre's information based on the charging station subscribing property information updating and real-time monitoring that charges received,
Make the new charging decision for the electric automobile sending this charging subscription information, the relatively more current new charging decision in mster-control centre
Place is planned, if the charging station that current new charging decision is chosen is more conducive to reduce electric automobile total kilometres with charging before this
Between, mster-control centre sends new charging decision to electric automobile；
Step 6, after electric automobile receives new charging decision, cancels charging planning place before this, and drives towards new charging decision institute
Selected charging station, electric automobile periodically reports to mster-control centre that its corresponding mobility information updates；
Step 7: step 4 repeats to step 6 always, until electric automobile eventually arrives at charging station and starts waiting charging.
The charging electric vehicle decision method that periodicity based on congestion aware the most according to claim 1 optimizes, it is special
Levy is that step 2 specifically includes: mster-control centre, to charging station monitoring states all in network, is included in charging station and waits
The electric automobile quantity of charging and required charging interval, and when the electric automobile quantity being in charged state and charging
Between；
Charging station is divided into all charging slots all free time, part charging slot idle and the most occupied three kinds of states of charging slot, always
Control centre, according to charging station states all in network, comprehensively chooses charging station optimum at, and charging station can use
Electric automobile is charged by parallel modes based on many charging slots.
The charging electric vehicle decision method that periodicity based on congestion aware the most according to claim 1 optimizes, it is special
Levy is to be issued charging subscription information in step 3 to include: electric automobile mobility information i.e. electric automobile ID and charging station ID；
Electric automobile arrives the time of charging station, is designated asExpect the charging interval, be designated asElectric automobile is in the parking of charging station
Duration, and electric automobile is likely not to have and is completely filled with the time leaving charging station in advance, is designated as
The charging electric vehicle decision method that periodicity based on congestion aware the most according to claim 1 optimizes, it is special
Levy is that step 4 specifically includes: be provided with NjamIndividual traffic congestion, block up place ljamRandomly choose according to topological structure, RjamIt is stifled
The radius of car scope, when the distance in the electric automobile in traveling and traffic congestion place changes, the travel speed of electric automobile is also
To change therewith, if from the nearest traffic congestion distance of electric automobileCompare RjamLittle, then now electric automobile is real-time
Speed can reduce with random number λ, i.e.Q ∈ [0,1], whereinIt it is this congestion regions
Speed minima；If less thanThen VevLevel off to 0, i.e. electric automobile EVrNear traffic congestion ground dot center；If comparing RjamGreatly,
Electric automobile accelerates to sail out of traffic congestion scope with a random number q.
The charging electric vehicle decision method that periodicity based on congestion aware the most according to claim 1 optimizes, it is special
Levy is that step 6 specifically includes: to mster-control centre, electric automobile still reports that it moves accordingly during driving towards new charging station
Property information updating, including,
(1) time of advent: willBe defined as electric automobile arrive charging station time:
Be electric automobile from current location the distance by nearest route running to selected charging station, TcurIt it is the current time；
(2) the expectation charging interval:For expecting the charging interval, it is calculated as follows:
The energy consumed by electric automobile during traveling to charging station, it is to be disappeared by electric automobile during traveling one meter
Energy constant α of consumption determines；Being depending on charging station provides the electric automobile of electricity β to need
Electricity to be charged；
(3) parking duration: definition DevFor electric automobile at the parking duration of charging station.
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| CN107392336A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-11-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Distributed electric automobile charging dispatching method based on reservation in intelligent transportation |
| CN110414750A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of electric car real time charging station selection method based on depth enhancing study |
| CN112330203A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-05 | 深圳北航新兴产业技术研究院 | Management method for electric energy supply of pure electric taxi |
| WO2021159659A1 (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2021-08-19 | 山东中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | Intelligent charging method and system for electric vehicle on highway |
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